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Methods of Planting Rice

The document outlines steps for adopting the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method of rice cultivation. It describes various options for land preparation, transplanting rice seedlings, direct seeding, and weed control. Key steps include leveling land and making raised beds, transplanting seedlings in dry soil at specific distances, and using mechanical aerators and weeders after seedlings have grown to a certain height to promote root and plant growth. Direct seeding options are also presented for moist or dry soil conditions.

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42 views5 pages

Methods of Planting Rice

The document outlines steps for adopting the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) method of rice cultivation. It describes various options for land preparation, transplanting rice seedlings, direct seeding, and weed control. Key steps include leveling land and making raised beds, transplanting seedlings in dry soil at specific distances, and using mechanical aerators and weeders after seedlings have grown to a certain height to promote root and plant growth. Direct seeding options are also presented for moist or dry soil conditions.

Uploaded by

kemal_ahmed_3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Adoption of MSRI

Steps
As soon as crop is harvested, we should start our operation. Following
steps should be taken:
1. Topography survey of the proposed land for SRI planta8on

2. Level the land, where required, to have maximum length of fields


with a water course on width side of the plot: raised (above ground)
for at least 30 CM water head to facilitate syphoning of the water in
to infield furrows

3. Deep ploughing with a chisel that goes at least 44 CM (17 inches)


deep and has clods breaker at its back to soOen soil and minimise
infield trips

4. Making permanent raised-beds, applica8on of compost and banding


mixture of phosphate and potash

5. Leave it like that 8ll transplan8ng 8me

6. Use raised-bed renovator to prepare for transplan8ng: single pass


opera8on, if necessary

7. Now the beds are ready for transplan8ng/seeding

8. It may be noted that in the subsequent years steps from 1 to 5 are


not required. Step six will be the 1st step by having fer8lizer and
compost aXachment on the raised-bed renovator. So with a single
pass land shall be ready for transplan8ng/seeding
Transplanting in dry soil
Applied SRI in Punjab Pakistan was in a dry soil condition. In this area,
we seldom have rain during the month of May – June when most of the
rice is transplanted, temperature over 40C. Therefore, system for dry soil
transplanting was developed to save water and get 55,000 plants per acre
(60.96 x 60.96 Meters) at an accurate distance of 22.86 CM on each side
(line to line and plant to plant distance in a row of plants).
We need 40 days moist soil conditions (unsaturated soil) for transplanting
and mechanical aerating/weeding twice before rains to close plant canopy
on soil for proper mechanical weed control. However, rain water that dries
out in 2 to 6 days’ time is tolerable.
Transplanting in muddy/saturated soil
In case we gets heavy rains during April – May – June and soil get
saturated for the extended period of time, we can use cage wheels on
tractors for transplanting the seedlings in a saturated soil.
In such case weeds shall be chemically controlled. Operation of Aerator/
weeder may not take place since it can only be done when soil is dry or has
low moisture.
Seed germination
It may be noted that seed germination triggers only when seed attain
moisture and warmth from the soil. If both or anyone of the two
requirements are not meet, seed will not germinate.
We provide these two conditions to the seed by planting it at the right time
of the year when soil is warm and rightly moisten. Moisture can be
provided by either through rain or irrigation.

Direct seeding in moist soil


We can do direct seeding in a moist soil using pelleted seed and placing it
at a uniformed distance by a pneumatic planter on raised-beds.
In such case we have to apply weedicides to give rice plants a head-start of
15 days, at this point mechanical weeder shall be used twice with an
interval of 10-12 days for the best results.
Direct seeding in dry soil
If the soil is dry we can do direct seeding without application of water.
This will be done placing seed it at a uniformed distance by a precision
planter on raised-beds.
After planting, either we wait for the rain to provide moisture for seed to
germinate or apply water in furrows. This method is suitable where water
absorption capacity of the soil is good and water moisture could move up
to the center row of seed.
This method saves time and tractor trips required for seedbed preparation
after soil get moist by irrigation due to water evaporation.
In such case we have to apply weedicides to give rice plants a head-start of
15 days, at this point mechanical weeder shall be used twice with an
interval of 10-12 days for the best results.
Direct seeding by broadcasting in dry, moist and or in saturated
soil
After raised-beds are made we can sow seed by a broadcasting method
either in dry, moist or saturated soil.
Tractor wheels move in furrows while it broadcast seed. If soil is moist or
dry 1st irrigation shall be applied topping the bed tops as well. In a same
operation weedicides should be applied.
Broadcasting requires higher amount of seed (230 kg per Hectares) as
comparing 5 to 6 kg in transplanting or pneumatic seeding method.
Secondly, plant to plant distance can’t be maintained which is a major
requirement of SRI.
However, a step by step approach can be chosen for a large scale
conversion of traditional flatbed sowing inundation to raised-bed sowing
in a moist soil. This single factor will increase yield by at least 20% while
saves at least 50% water and other inputs.
Once germinated plants reach 15 CM height, optionally, we can use
aerator/weeder. This operation will make 10 cm wide plant strips and 13
cm wide open space strips allowing aeration, increased sunlight and space
for roots growth, to plants located in the strips.
Plants spacing cross section
Note: option 3 will perform best, but will require 33 CM wide tires.
However, other options can be considered in a step by approach if
appropriate to be pursue farmers 1st year for large scale dome plots at
various farms.
Water absorption of soil is good, as per the report, due to higher organic
matter because of lower temperature. There should be no issue of water
seepage to the centre of the bed, if fond necessary shallow overflow may
be considered; decision should base on infield moisture checking.

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