ESTIMATING VALUE 1)Round all numbers to 1 significant figure 2)Work out the top

3)Divide to get final answer 80,160,240 60,120,180,240 FINDING A FRACTION OF AN

AMOUNT FIND 4/7 OF 35 DIVIDE BY BOTTOM NUMBER 35/7=5 MULTIPLY BY TOP NUMBER 5X4=20
75%=3/4 DIVIDING FRACTIONS KEEP,FLIP,CHANGE 7/12 / 8/9=7 /12 X9 /8= 63 /96=
21 / 32 22/5X5/6 110/30 PERCENTAGE INCREASE A SHOP RAISES ALL OF ITS PRICES BY 4%.
BEFORE THE INCREASE, A JACKET COSTS £24. HOW MUCH WILL IT COST AFTER INCREASE?
OPTION 1 4/100 X 24=0.96 24+0.96=£24.96 OPTION 2 100%+4%=104% 104/100 X24= £24.96
164.5 PERCENTAGE DECREASE A SHOP HAS A SALE AND REDUCES ALL OF ITS PRICES BY 12%.
BEFORE THE SALE, A SCARF COST £14. HOW MUCH WILL IT COST IN THE SALE, AFTER THE
REDUCTION? OPTION 1 12/10 X 14=1.68 14-1.68=£12.32 OPTION 2 100%-12%=88% 88/100 X
14=£12.32 PERCENTAGE CHANGE PERCENTAGE INCREASE: ACTUAL INCREASE/ ORIGINAL VALUE X
100 EXAMPLE: THE PRICE OF A TOY USUALLY COSTING £50 IS INCREASED TO £65. WORK OUT
THE PERCENTAGE INCREASE 15/50X100=30 PERCENTAGE DECREASE: ACTUAL DECREASE/ORIGINAL
VALUE X 100 PRICES FOR A DAY-TICKET ENTRANCE AT THE DISNEY PARIS RESORT ARE AS
FOOLOWS: ADULT: £55 CHILDREN:£45 FAMILY (2 ADULTS, 2 CHILDREN): £170 WORK OUT THE
PERCENTAGE DISCOUNT OFFERED WITH THE FAMILY TICKET OPTION: 55X2=110 45X2=90
110+90=200 170-200=30 30/200X100=15 REVERSE PERCENTAGE PROBLEMS IN A SALE,
PRICES ARE REDUCED 30%. JOE BOUGHT A PHONE IN THE SALE OF £140. WHAT WAS THE
ORIGINAL PRICE OF THE PHONE 100%-30%=70% 70%->£140 /70= 1%->£2 /70 X100)=100%-
>£200(X100 COMPOUND INTEREST AND DEPRECIATION SALLY PUTS £4000 INTO AN ACCOUNT
WHICH PAYS COMPOUND INTEREST OF 3.4% PER ANNUM. HOW MUCH IS IN THE ACCOUNT AFTER 3
YEARS? 100%+3.4%=103.4% 103.4/100=1.034 4000X1.034↑3=4422.03= £4422.03 REPRESENTING
DATA: PIE CHARTS Add frequency 360 divided by total frequency then multiple all
numbers by total frequency AVERAGES Mean:Add all numbers then divide by how many
numbers there are Median: Put all numbers in order then find the middle number
Mode: Most common number Range: Highest value - lowest value FREQUENCY TABLES AND
DIAGRAMS (FREQUENCY POLYGONS) Frequency diagram: Frequency polygon RATIOS Simplest
form: Divide both numbers by LCM Sharing using ratio: Share out £400 between Bill
and Sue in the ratio 2:3 ADD RATIOS TOGETHER,DIVIDE BY AMOUNT GIVEN THEN MULTIPLY
RATIOS BY NUMBER GIVEN B S 2+3=5, 400/5=80, 2X80 AND 3X80 (B:£160, S:£240) 2:3
DIRECT AND INVERSE PROPORTION DIRECT PROPORTION EXAMPLE: Y is proportional to the
square of x. When y=36, x=3. Form an equation connecting y and x. Y ? x↑2 y=kx↑2---
>y=4x↑2 36=kx3↑2 36=kx9 36/9=k k=4 INVERSE PROPORTION EXAMPLE: Y is inversely
proportional to x. When x=2, y=3. Find y when x=10. y ? 1/x y=k/x-->y=6/x 3=k/2
y=6/10 k=6 y=0.6 COMPOUND UNITS DISTANCE=SPEEDXTIME SPEED=D/T TIME= D/S VALUE
FOR MONEY EXAMPLE: A pack of 3 pens cost £1.50 A pack of 5 pens costs £2.00 Which
pack is the best value for money? You must show all your working. 1.50/3= 0.50 50p
per pen 2.00/5=0.40 40p per pen 5 pens for £2.00 is the best value AREA OF A
CIRCLE Area = π(3.142)xr↑2 AREA OF SEMICIRCLE= πxr↑2/2 CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE
2xπxr PERIMETER OF A SEMICIRCLE EXAMPLE:CURVED PART=2XπXR/2 =2X3.142X7/2 =21.994CM
STRAIGHT PART=14CM TOTAL PERIMETER= 21.994+14=35.994=35.99CM SECTORS OF A CIRCLE
FIND THE AREA OF THE SECTOR: ANGLE/360XπX(9)CM↑2= ANSWER FIND THE PERIMETER OF THE
SECTOR:ANGLE/360X2XπX(7)CM=FIRST ANSWER FIRST ANSWER+(7)CM+(7)CM=ANSWER AREA OF A
PARRAELOGRAM: BASEXHEIGHT AREA OF A TRAPEZIUM: 1/2x(A+B)H VOLUME OF A PRISM: AREA
OF X-SECTIONXLENGTH EXAMPLE: FRONT OF TRIANGLE=6, HEIGHT=8, LENGTH=12
6X8/2=24X12=288 PYTHAGORAS THEOREM: LONGEST SIDE: SQUARE, SQUARE, ADD, SQUARE ROOT
SHORTER SIDE: SQUARE, SQUARE, SUBTRACT, SQUARE ROOT GRADIENT OF A LINE: COUNT FROM
WHERE IT GOES PAST Y=AXIS VOLUME OF A PRISM: RECTANGLE: A=LXW V=AXL
TRIANGLE:A=BXH/2 V=AXL CYLINDER:A=πR↑2 V=AXL FINDING THE EQUATION OF A STRAIGHT
LINE: y=mx+c mx=gradient c=y-intercept SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS: Where the lines meet
EXPERIMENTAL PROBABILITIES: On a biased dice, the probability of getting a 5 is o.2
The dice is rolled 350 times. How many fives would you expect to roll? 0.2x350=70
MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE EVENTS: Add numbers then take away from one FINDING THE NTH
TERM: Count how much it goes up by: 2,5,8,11,14=+3 Then from the first number,
minus it from how much it goes up by: 2-3=-1 Expression: 3n-1