Treatment of Waier and Wastewater

Quality and Marks :40

Iime:90 min
(12 x
Answer briefly (3 or 4 sentences) or solve 2=
groundwater and surface
aWhat are the imporlant differences in the quality of 24)
water sources?
upper and lower standards.
. Name awater quality parameler which has both
Alsogive the standards.
) What is the use of Jar test in water treatrnent?
by aeration of water?
Name four substances/species that can be removed treatment plant?
Explain, with a sketch, how aeration is achieved in a water
(Anyone method). Explain the
What are the different forns of nitrogen found in wastewater?
significance of each type (minimum three points).
(minimum
f) Compare BOD and COD tests for their ad vantages and drawbacks
three points each) domestic supply. An
8)/A town is required to treat 4.2 m'/min of raw water for satisfactory particle
overtlow rate of 0.2 mm/sec was found to produce surface area
removal in a settling tank of depth 3.5 m. Determine the required
(in m²).
for a flow of 2 MLD
hy What will be the surface area of the seitling tank (m')
h¡ving surface loading rate of 10,000 L/m/day? SoR effective
i)What will be the detention time of a sedimentation tank of
dimension 20 mx 20 m x 3m and flow rate 7 MLD?
the
While determining suspended solids of a river water sample, 50 mL of
sample was filtered. Weight of the dried filter paper was l.5111 g and weight
of the dried filter paper after filtration (with suspended solids) was 1.5271 g.
Determine the TSS concentration of the wastewaler. (Your answer should be
in mg/L)
ky The 5-day BOD at 20°C of a sewage sample was found to be 150 mg/L.
Calculate the 3-day BOD at 30°C for the same sample. Assume k20 =0.2/day
6mL sample of a wastewater was added into a BOD bottle and was diluted. It
is incubated for 5 days at 20°C, and the reduction in D0 was found to be 5
mg/L. Determine the BOD; of the wastewater. Can this be a municipal
wastewater?

With a flow diagram discuss the various units used in a water treatment plant for (5)
surface water. Explain the purpose of each unit.

Population growth of Vadodara city is given below:

1951 1961 197! 1981 1991 2001 2011 (5)
Year
Population (lakhs) 2.1 3.1 4.7 7.5 11.4 15.6 18.3

The average per capita wastewater generation in the city is 140 L/day and it is
expected to remain constant. Estimate the total wastevwater generation of the city in
the year 2031. Use geometricalincreasemethod for population prediction.
P'opulation of atown is 1.4 lakh and average per capita demand is 135 Uday. (6)
Maximum demand is 1.5 times the average denmand. Design a rectangular
sedimentation tank for this town capable of renoving soil particles of 0.05 mm size
and specific gravity 2.7. Make suitable assuupions. Dynamic viscosity is 10 (SI
units).
 Gati Shakti Vishwavidyalaya, Vadodara -390 004, Gujarat
End-Semester Examination, April 2023
Duration :2 Hours Maximum marks :50
Programme :B.Tech-RIE Semester :VI
Course Title :Water and Wastewater Treatment Course Code : EIT644

I Answer any 5 (3marks each: 3 x5=15)

(a) What are the different types of reactors used in wastewater treatment? Briefly discuss their
characteristics.
(b) Which is the most commonly used anaerobic process in wastewater treatment. Explain with
arough sketch.
se) What is meant by breakpoint chlorination? Explain with a sketch.
(dCompare slow sand and rapidsand filterswith respect to(i) filtration rate (ii) cleaning (ii)
vffequçncy of cleaning
Draw the layout of a nmunicipal wastewater treatment plant and explain the functions of
each unit.
() What are the advantages/demerits of combined and separate sewers? In India which system
is preferred? Why?
Ag) What range of pH is beneficial in chlorination? Explain why.

II Answer any 6(two marks each: 2 x 6= 12)

(a)Atreatment plant receives 2 MLD of flow with a BOD of 220 mg/L. What is the total BOD
Uoad per day?
(byA city has earmarked 50% as residential area. IfFSI is 1.8,calculate the population density
hectare). Clearly state your assumptions.
(cY1fatreated wastewater with a BODand flow rate of 30mg/L and 2 m'/s, respectively is
ischarged into ariver with zero BOD and 8 m'/s flow rate. What will be the BOD of the
mixture?

(dY If atreated wastewater with aDO and flow rate of Img/L and I m'/s, respectively is
ischarged into ariver with a DO and flow rate of 6.5 mg/l. and l0 m'/s, respectively.
determine the DO of the mixture.
’Theoxygen deficit at a point in a river is 2.7 mg/. Ifthe saturation DO is 8.0 mgL, what
Il be the IDO at that point?
What willbe the detention time of asedimentation tank of ettective dimensin 20 m\ 20
mx3 mand flow rate 7MLD?
(g) Determine the monthly requirement of alum (kg) for a water treatment plant that treats
water at an average rate of 0.1 m'/s. The average alum dose is 12 mg/l..

1 A city is experiencing a yearly growth rate of 1%. If the city population is (4estimated at
24 lakhs in the year 204|, what is the present population (2023) of the city? marks)
 IV Asedimentation tank is to be designcd so that it will remove 100% of all particles which
have asettling velocity of 0.1 mm/s. For a flow of 5 mld, determine dimensions for a
rectangular tank in which the length is 4 times the width. The detention time is 3h. Also
determine the minimum size of the particle (specific gravity 2.6) that will be completely
removedin the tank. Dynamic viscosity is 10 (SIunits). (5 marks)

na small water treatment plant the rates of filtration and backwashing are 200 m'lday/m'
nd 1000 m'/day/m², respectively. Backwashing is done for 15 min per day. Determine the
percentage of water used for backwashing.
OR
A water is to be disinfected with 2 mg/L of chlorine to obtain 99% kill of microorganisms.
The water flowrate is 5 MLD and reaction rate constant is 0. 10/min. Determine the volume of
the tank required. (4 marks)

A flocculation tank treats water at the rate of 2 m³ls. Flocculation time is 20 miñutes and
elocity gradient is 30/s. Design the flocculation tank, determine the surface overflow rate of
the tank,and the power required for the operation. (5 marks)

VAn ASP is operating with the following parameters: Design flow rate 50 MLD, influent
OD 200 mg/L, MLSS is the aeration tank 2,500 mg/L, volume of the aeration tank 20,000
m². Determine hydraulic retention time, volumetric loading rate, and F/M ratio. (S marks)<