Subjective Questions 1. ‘Two waves are travelling in the same direction along a stretched string. The waves are 90° out of phase. Each wave has an amplitude of 4.0 cm. Find the amplitude of the resultant wave. 2. Two wires of different densities are soldered together end to end then stretched under tension T. The wave speed in the first wire is twice that in the second wire. (a) Ifthe amplitude of incident wave is A, what are amplitudes of reflected and transmitted waves? () Assuming no energy loss in the wire, find the fraction of the incident power that is reflected at the junction and fraction of the same that is transmitted. 3. A wave is represented by +), = 100s (5x + 25 0) where, x is measured in metres and ¢ in seconds. A second wave for which jae 2000s(54+ 25t + 2) interferes with the first wave. Deduce the amplitude and phase of the resultant wave. 4, Two waves passing through a region are represented by y= (1.0 em) sin ((3.14 em) x- (157s) t] and Yq = (1.5 em) sin [(1.57 em") x- (31487) ¢] Find the displacement of the particle at x= 4.5 cm at time ¢ = 5.0 ms.5. Astring of length 20cm and linear mass density ——+> 0.4 g/emis fixed at both ends and is kept under a tension of 16 N. A wave pulse is produced at t= 0 near an end as shown in figure which travels towards the other end. (a) When will the string have the shape shown in the figure again? (b) Sketch the shape of the string at a time half / ——————20em—>| of that found in part (a). 6. A wave pulse on a string has the dimensions shown in figure. The wave speed is v = 1 cm/s. tem tom com's 2em (a) If point O is a fixed end, draw the resultant wave on the string at ¢=3s andt=4s. (b) Repeat part (a) for the case in which O is a free end. 7. Two sinusoidal waves combining in a medium are described by the equations Y= (3.0 em) sin n(x + 0.60) 8.0 em) sin r(x ~ 0.60 t) and Ye where, x is in centimetres and ¢ is in seconds. Determine the maximum displacement of the medium at (@) x=0.2500m, () x=0.500cm and (© x=1.50em, (@ Find the three smallest values of x corresponding to antinodes.10. 11. 12. A standing wave is formed by the interference of two travelling waves, each of which has an amplitude A= x em, angular wave number k= (n/2) per centimetre. (a) Calculate the distance between two successive antinodes (b) What is the amplitude of the standing wave at x=0.50 em from a node? Find the fundamental frequency and the next three frequencies that could cause a standing ‘wave pattern on a string that is 30.0 m long, has a mass per unit length of 9.00 x 10 kg/m and is stretched to a tension of 20.0 N. A string vibrates in its first normal mode with a frequency of 220 vibrations/s. The vibrating segment is 70.0 em long and has a mass of 1.20 g. (a) Find the tension in the string. (b) Determine the frequency of vibration when the string vibrates in three segments. A 60.0cm guitar string under a tension of 50.0 N has a mass per unit length of 0.100 g/em. What is the highest resonance frequency of the string that can be heard by a person able to hear frequencies upto 20000 Hz? A wire having a linear density of 0.05 g/cm is stretched between two rigid supports with a tension of 450N. It is observed that the wire resonates at a frequency of 420Hz The next higher frequency at which the same wire resonates is 490 Hz. Find the length of the wire.© Example 6 Figure shows a rectangular pulse and triangular pulse approaching towards each other. The pulse speed is 0.5 cm/s. Sketch the resultant pulse at t=2s. —- x(em)26. A string that is 10 em long is fixed at both ends. At ¢ = 0,a pulse travelling from left to right at l1em/sis 4.0 cm from the right end as shown in figure. Determine the next two times when the pulse will be at that point again. State in each case whether the pulse is upright or inverted. jicm j4cm. SS 27. Two pulses travelling in opposite directions along a string are shown for ¢ = 0 in the figure. Plot the shape of the string at ¢=1.0, 2.0, 3.0 4.0and 5.0 s respectively. y (em) 4.0 2.0 x (cm) 20 40 60 80 10.0 120 14.0Subjective Questions A2 18 1.5.66 2-424 mi8 em 2-554 O55 5. (@) 0.028 6. (ai) ——= (i) —V\/Z OW __7 @ “\ 7. (@) 4.24cm (b) 6.00.cm (¢) 6.00.cm (4) 0.500 em, 1.50 cm, 2.50 em 8. (@) 2cm (b) V2ncm — 9, 0.786 Hz, 1.57 Hz, 2.36 Hz, 3.14 Hz 10. (a) 163N (0) 660H2 11. 19977 Hz. 12,2.142m 13, Lom 3. 26.46 cm, (5x+ 25t+0.714)rad 4, ame