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Maths 2

The document discusses different geometrical shapes and angles. It defines point, line, ray, polygon, circle, and different types of angles like acute, right, obtuse, reflex. It also discusses constructing different angles using compass and ruler. The document asks to draw and label figures, define different types of angles, construct specific angles, and summarizes key geometrical concepts.

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sarika
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23 views

Maths 2

The document discusses different geometrical shapes and angles. It defines point, line, ray, polygon, circle, and different types of angles like acute, right, obtuse, reflex. It also discusses constructing different angles using compass and ruler. The document asks to draw and label figures, define different types of angles, construct specific angles, and summarizes key geometrical concepts.

Uploaded by

sarika
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Draw a rough figure and label suitably in each of the following cases:

(a) Point P lies on AB.


(b) XY ____ and PQ ____ intersect at M.
(c) Line l contains E and F but not D.
(d) OP ____ and OQ ____ meet at O.
Draw any polygon and shade its interior.

An angle greater than 0° but less than 90° is called ....


.......... angle.

An angle of 90° is called .... ............ angle.

An angle greater than 90° but less than 180° is called ....
........... angle.

A straight angle measures

What is reflex angle,complete angle?

What is angle bisector?


Use the proper geometrical instruments to construct the following angles.
Use the
compass and the ruler to bisect them.
(1) 50° (2) 115° (3) 80° (4) 90°

What have we discussed?


1. A point determines a location. It is usually denoted by a capital letter.

2. A line segment corresponds to the shortest distance between two points. The
line segment joining points A and B is denoted by AB.
AB and BA denote the same line segment.

3. A line is obtained when a line segment like AB is extended on both sides


indefinitely; it is denoted by AB
____ or sometimes by a single small letter like l.

4. Two distinct lines meeting at a point are called intersecting lines.

5. Two lines in a plane are said to be parallel if they do not meet.

6. A ray is a portion of line starting at a point and going in one direction endlessly.

7. Any drawing (straight or non-straight) done without lifting the pencil may be
called a curve. In this sense, a line is also a curve.

8. A simple curve is one that does not cross itself.

9. A curve is said to be closed if its ends are joined; otherwise it is said to be open.

10. A polygon is a simple closed curve made up of line segments. Here,


(i) The line segments are the sides of the polygon.
(ii) Any two sides with a common end point are adjacent sides.
(iii) The meeting point of a pair of sides is called a vertex.
(iv) The end points of the same side are adjacent vertices.
(v) The join of any two non-adjacent vertices is a diagonal.

11. An angle is made up of two rays starting from a common end point.
Two rays OA____and OB____ make ∠AOB(or also called ∠BOA).
An angle leads to three divisions of a region:
On the angle, the interior of the angle and the exterior of the angle.

12. A triangle is a three-sided polygon.

13. A quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon. (It should be named cyclically).


In any quadrilateral ABCD, AB & DC and AD & BC are pairs of opposite
sides. ∠A & ∠C and ∠B & ∠D are pairs of opposite angles. ∠A is adjacent
to ∠B & ∠D ; similar relations exist for other three angles.

14. A circle is the path of a point moving at the same distance from a fixed point.
The fixed point is the centre, the fixed distance is the radius and the distance
around the circle is the circumference.
A chord of a circle is a line segment joining any two points on the circle.
A diameter is a chord passing through the centre of the circle.
A sector is the region in the interior of a circle enclosed by an arc on one side
and a pair of radii on the other two sides.
A segment of a circle is a region in the interior of the circle enclosed by an arc
and a chord.
The diameter of a circle divides it into two semi-circles.

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