Short answer

Question 1

1 1
For events A and B, Pr ( A )= , and Pr ( B ) = , evaluate
3 4
a. Pr ⁡( A ' ∩ B ') when A and B are mutually exclusive. (2 marks)
33
b. Pr ⁡( A∨B) when Pr ( A ∪ B )= . (2 marks)
40
Question 2

1 1
For events A and B, where Pr ( A|B )= , Pr ( B| A )= , and Pr ( A ∩ B ) =p .
3 4
a. Find Pr ⁡( A) in terms of p. (1 mark)
b. Find Pr ⁡( A ' ∩ B ') in terms of p. (2 marks)
1
c. Given that Pr ( A ∪ B ) ≤ , find the largest possible interval for p. (2 marks)
4
Question 3

Let p be the probability that James is late to a class. On Mondays, James teaches 3 classes. Find the
value of p, such that the probability of James being late to exactly one class on Monday is at a
maximum. (4 marks)

Question 4

Consider the following probability density function

{
n
f ( x )= a x log e (x),∧1≤ x ≤ e
0 ,∧elsewhere
Where a is a real number, and n is an integer.
k
a. Find the derivative of x log e (x). (2 marks)
3
4(2e +1)
b. Given that E ( X )= , find the values of a and n . (5 marks)
9(e 2 +1)

Multiple choice

Question 5

A bag contains three red balls and six blue balls. Three balls are drawn one at a time from the bag
without replacement. The probability that at least one is red is

15
a.
28
5
b.
21
 16
c.
21
5
d.
28
83
e.
84

Question 6

A fair coin is tossed 20 times. The probability, correct to four decimal places, of getting fewer than 12
heads is

a. 0.1201
b. 0.8684
c. 0.7483
d. 0.1316
e. 0.2517

Question 7

The masses of lollies are labelled as 55 grams, but are actually normally distributed with a mean of
55.1 g and a standard deviation of 0.15 grams. It would be expected that about two-thirds of the
lollies produced would be between

a. 54.65g and 55.55g

b. 55.10g and 55.40g
c. 54.95g and 55.25g
d. 54.80g and 55.40g
e. 51.10g and 55.55g

Question 8

The number of blue whales P, in a colony, varies with time according to the rule

, where t is the time in years, and . The average rate of

change in the number of blue whales over the first two years is closest to

a. 485.5
b. 589.1
c. 47.3
d. 51.8
e. 56.8

Question 9

The discrete random variable X has the following probability distribution where
 X 1 2

a b

is equal to

a. a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

Question 10

It is known that on average 8 out of 20 people listen to music on an Ipod whilst travelling on a train.
On a certain carriage on a train there are 10 people. The probability that exactly 4 are listening to
music on an Ipod is equal to

a. 1

b.

c.

d.

e.

Question 11

An Ipod contains 250 songs. There are 100 songs by artist A, 90 by artist B and 60 by artist C. Three
different songs are played in random order. The probability that the three songs are all by different
artists is closest to

a. 0.1037
b. 0.2099
c. 0.2602
d. 0.03456
e. 0.03498

Question 12
If Z has the standard normal distribution and , where and , then

is equal to

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

Question 13

The speeds of vehicles travelling along a particular section of Citylink freeway are normally
distributed with a mean of 95km/h and a standard deviation of σ . Fifteen percent of drivers are
found to be exceeding the 100 km/h speed limit. The value of σ is closest to

a. 0.150
b. 1.036
c. 4.824
d. 5.182
e. 0.207

Question 14

The continuous random variable X has a probability density function given by

{
2
f ( x )= 3 x ,∧0 ≤ x ≤1
0 ,∧elsewhere

The value of a such that Pr ( X >a )=0.875, correct to 3 decimal places is

a. 0.875
b. 0.540
c. 0.204
d. 0.956
e. 0.500

Question 15

Suppose that in a particular year the percentage increase in the value of stocks listed on the
Australian Stock Exchange was a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 5% and
standard deviation of 10%. The proportion of stocks that would have decreased in value, in that
particular year, is closest to

a. 0.31
b. 0.5
c. 0.69
d. 0.05
e. 0.1

Question 16 (8 marks)

Consider the following probability density function

{
f ( x )= a sin ( n x ) +1 ,∧0 ≤ x ≤ 1
0 ,∧elsewhere
Where a is non-zero

a. Find all possible values of a and n , justifying your answer. (3 marks)

Let a=1 and n=2 π .

b. Find the IQR of X . (3 marks)

c. Find the median of X . (2 marks)

Question 17 (13 marks)

Each day James either drives to work or catches the train. If he drives to work, the probability that he
drives to work the next day is 0.25, and if he catches the train one day, the probability that he catches
the train the next day is 0.65.

a. Suppose that on Monday he catches the train. What is the probability that he drives to work
on exactly two of the next three days? Give your answer correct to four decimal places. (2
marks)
b. When James drives to work, the time spent driving is normally distributed with a mean of 35
minutes. 30% of the time he takes less than 30 minutes. Find the standard deviation in
minutes, correct to one decimal place, of the time spent driving to work. (2 marks)

When Ray takes the train to work, the time, T hours that is spent on the train ride is a continuous
random variable with probability density function given by

{
2
−π t
f ( x )= 2 πt e ,∧t ≥0
0 ,∧elsewhere

c. Sketch the graph of f (t) on the axes below. Label any stationary points with their
coordinates, correct to three decimal places. (2 marks)
 a. find the exact probability that the train ride takes between 20 and 30 minutes. (2 marks)
b. Find the probability, correct to three decimal places, that at least one of the next three times
he takes the train, the ride takes between 20 and 30 minutes? (3 marks)
c. Find a definite integral that gives the mean train travel time and hence, find the mean travel
time. Give your answer in minutes. (2 marks)

Question 18 (9 marks)

At a supermarket, store data indicates that the probability that a customer has one or more bakery
items in their purchase is 0.4.

Angad is an employee at the supermarket and during his shift at a checkout, he serves ninety
customers. Let the random variable X represent the number of customers Angad serves who have
one or more bakery items in their purchases.

a. Find the probability that the first four customers that Angad serves don’t have any bakery
items in their purchase. (1 mark)
b. Find the mean number of customers Angad serves in his shift who have bakery items in their
purchase. (1 mark)
c. Find the probability, correct to 4 decimal places, that at least thirty of the customers Angad
serves have bakery items in their purchase. (1 mark)

Data collected at the store indicates that when an employee at a checkout serves n customers, there
96 n
is a probability of that all but one of those customers will have bakery items in their
15625
purchase.

d. Show the n equals 6. (3 marks)

The supermarket is undergoing renovations and has limited shelf space. As a result, some items need
to be restocked frequently. The number of times T, in a day that toilet rolls are completely sold out
and need to be restocked is a random variable with probability distribution given by
 T 0 1 2 3 4

Pr ⁡(T =t) 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1

The toilet rolls had to be restocked on both Saturday and Sunday.

e. Find the probability that the toilet rolls had to be restocked a total of five times over these
two days. (3 marks)