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Lesson 1 - Formation of The Universe

The document discusses the formation of the universe and the solar system. It begins by outlining objectives to describe how the universe was formed, appreciate its importance, and create a concept map. It then provides a brief history of theories of the universe from Aristotle to Einstein. The main body explains the Big Bang theory that the universe rapidly expanded from an extremely dense singularity around 14 billion years ago. It also describes how, according to the Solar Nebula theory, the solar system formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust that condensed into a disk and planets grew from material in the disk.

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Novee Claire Peregrino Suarez
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37 views

Lesson 1 - Formation of The Universe

The document discusses the formation of the universe and the solar system. It begins by outlining objectives to describe how the universe was formed, appreciate its importance, and create a concept map. It then provides a brief history of theories of the universe from Aristotle to Einstein. The main body explains the Big Bang theory that the universe rapidly expanded from an extremely dense singularity around 14 billion years ago. It also describes how, according to the Solar Nebula theory, the solar system formed from a rotating cloud of gas and dust that condensed into a disk and planets grew from material in the disk.

Uploaded by

Novee Claire Peregrino Suarez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECTIVES

1.Describe how universe was formed.


2. Appreciate the importance of
understanding universe.
3. Create a concept map explaining how
universe was formed.
Aristotle and Ptolemy
• Proposed a geocentric universe
Nicolaus Copernicus
• Theory of heliocentrism
Isaac Newton
*static, steady, infinitive universe
(Gravitational effects)
Albert Einstein
* static and dynamically stable universe; not
expanding nor contracting
Bigbang Theory
*universe as expanding
*matter was not present at
the beginning (14 billion yrs
ago)-compressed single
point (singularity)
Bigbang Theory
*violent explosion- caused inflation
and expansion
*extremely hot that matter cannot
exist
*
Subject Matter: Formation of Universe

Activity: Match Makers


*Draw a picture which will
match with the given
descriptions. (Metacards per group)
1. A rotating cloud
of gas contracts
and flattens.
2. To become a thin
disks of gas and dust
around the forming
sun at the center.
3. Planets grow from
gas and dust in the disk
and are left in orbit
when the disk clears.
Big Question ?
Why does the Solar
Nebula Theory imply
that planets are
common?
Know the Facts:
Over the last two centuries,
astronomers have proposed
two kinds of hypotheses for the
origin of the planets in our
solar system.
1.Catastrophic hypotheses
Proposed that the planets
were formed from
collision of the sun and
another star.
2.Evolutionary hypotheses
proposed that planets
formed gradually and
naturally as the sun
formed.
Evolutionary hypothesis is so
comprehensive and explains
so many observations that is
considered to have graduated
from hypothesis to become a
theory.
Solar Nebula Theory supposes
that planets form in the rotating
disks of gas and dust around
young stars. Many of the young
stars in the Orion Nebula are
surrounded by disks of gas and
dust,
but intense light from the brightest
star in the neighborhood is
evaporating the disks to form
expanding clouds of gas. The large
number of disks shows that planet
construction material around young
stars is common.
The evidence is strong that our own
planetary system formed in such a
disk- shaped cloud around the sun.
When the sun become luminous
enough, the remaining gas and dust
were blown away into space,
leaving the planets orbiting the
sun.
Now you know what is Solar Nebular Theory,
then…

How did the solar system


and planets form?
Exit Tickets!
What are the potential clues
on how solar system and
planets are formed?
( Make an illustration and brief explanation.1/2 c.w.)
Assignment:

Differentiate
revolution from
rotation.
The
Characteristics
of Solar System
Chemical Composition of Solar Nebula
Solar Nebula was a fragment of
interstellar gas cloud that was
mostly hydrogen with some helium
and small amounts of heavier
elements (composition of the sun).
This composition of solar nebula
reflected the in the chemical
compositions of planets
.Inner planets composed of rock
and metal and outer are rich in
low- density gases such as
hydrogen and helium. The
process converted the nebular
gas into solid matter is the
variation in density among solar
system objects. (condensation).
Characteristic Properties of Solar System
1. Disk shape of solar
system
*Orbits in nearly the same
plane
*Common rotation and
revolution
2. two planetary types
*Terrestrial- inner
planets; high density
*Jovian- outer; low
density
3. Planetary rings and large
satellite systems
• YES for Jupiter,
Saturn,Uranus and Neptune
• NO for Mercury, Venus,
earth and Mars
4.Space debris-asteroids,
comets and meteoroids
*Composition, orbits
Asteroids in inner solar system,
composition like terrestrial
Comets in outer solar system,
composition like jovian
5.Common age of
about 4.6 billion years
measured or inferred
for Earth, the moon,
Mars, meteorite and the
sun
Quiz No. 1 (6-7-2019)
 I. Illustrate the following:
 1. planets grow
 2. rotating cloud
 3. sun at the center
 II. Provide answers for the following. Erasure means wrong.
 1. Which type of planet has the composition of metals. Inner/terrestrial
 2. When planets are made up of H and He they are said to be outer/Jovian
 3. The earth moves on its axis. What is the movement? Rotation
 4. When planets move around the sun, it initiates what movement? Revolution
 5. How old is earth, moon, mars and the sun as it is measured ?4.6 billion years
 III. Essay. (10pts)
 1. How did the solar system and planets were formed?

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