2015 JC2 H1 PRELIM EXAM Solution

Marking Scheme
1 To find points of intersection,
set 3x2 – 4cx – 1 = 7x – 4
 3x2 – 4cx – 1 – 7x + 4 = 0
 3x2 + (– 4c – 7)x + 3 = 0
For at most one point of intersection, there is one or no real root,
So b2 – 4ac ≤ 0
 (– 4c – 7)2 – 4(3)(3) ≤ 0
 (4c + 7)2 – (6)2 ≤0
 (4c + 7 – 6) (4c + 7 + 6) ≤ 0
 (4c + 1) (4c + 13) ≤ 0
Alternative method
So b2 – 4ac ≤ 0
 (– 4c – 7)2 – 4(3)(3) ≤ 0
 16c2 + 56c + 49 – 36 ≤ 0
 16c2 + 56c + 13 ≤ 0
Using GC Plysmlt
1 13
 (c + 4 ) (c + 4 ) ≤ 0

13 1
– –
4 4
13 1
 – 4 ≤c≤–4

2(a)  1 2x 1 x 
2
0 e  e  dx
4 2 
2
1 2x 1 x 
=  e  e 
8 2 0
1 1  1 1 
=  e 4  e 2  -   
8 2  8 2 
1 1 5
= e4  2 
8 2e 8
2(b) 1  2  5
2  5  2 x  ln 3  dx where x < 2
1
2 
=  ln(5  2 x )  x ln 3
 2  2
= – ln3 + ln 3 + ln 9 + 2 ln 3

1
 = 4 ln 3

3(i) 1x x1 x+23 3

y=x+2=–x+2=– x+2 =–1+x+2
Hence, V.A. is x = – 2
and H.A, is y = – 1
1
When x = 0, y = 2
When y = 0, x = 1
y

1
2
x
0 1
y=–1

x=–2
3(ii) Let the equation of the normal be y = mx + c
1 4
Then m =  
3 3
4
3
Since normal passes through Q(– 8 , 0),
4 3
so 0 = 3 (– 8 ) + c
4 3 1
 c=38=2
4 1
Hence, equation of the normal at P is y = x +
3 2
3iii) 3
At P, gradient of tangent is – 4
d 1x
So, dx ( x + 2 )
d 3
= (–1+ )
dx x+2
3
=–
(x + 2)2
3 3
 – (x + 2)2 = – 4
 (x + 2)2 = 4
 x+2 =2
 x =–22
 x = 0 or – 4

2
 4 1
Using equation of normal at P, y = 3 x + 2
1
When x = 0, y = 2
16 1 29
When x = - 4, y = - 3 + 2 = - 6
1x
Using equation of curve y =
x+2
1
When x = 0, y =
2
1+4 5 29
When x = - 4, y = - 4 + 2 = - 2  - 6
1
Hence, P is (0, 2 )

4(i)

y
y = x2 – 6x + 2
x
y = ln ( 2 )
B

x
A

Points of intersection:
A = (0.59444024, - 1.213282)
B = (5.841086, 1.0717696)
4(ii)  x
For ln    x 2  6 x  2 ,
2
Using the graphs,
0 < x < 0.59444024 , x > 5.841086
 0 < x < 0.594 , x > 5.84
4iii) 4 12
For ln x   2   2 ,
x x
2
Replace x by x ,

3
 2 4 12
ln     2
 2
 x 2 2
   x 
 x
x
  ln     x 2  6 x  2
2
 x
 ln    x 2  6 x  2
2
Using above result,
2 2
0 < x < 0.59444024, x > 5.841086
Since x > 0,
2
0 < x < 5.841086 = 0.3424020807
2
x > 0.59444024 = 3.364509778
Hence, 0 < x < 0.342 or x > 3.36
Alternative Method
Sketching the graph for y = ln x
4 12
and y =  2   2
x x

4 12
So for ln x    2
x2 x
We need 0 < x < 0.343 or x > 3.36

4iv)
y
y = x2 – 6x + 2
x
y = ln ( 2 )
B

x
A (5.6457513, 0)
x=5 4
 Area
5.841086 x
= 5
ln   dx
2
x  6 x  2  dx
5.841086
 2
5.6457513
= 0.7343237907
 0.734 units2
Alternative Method
Area
 x
5.6457513
= 5 ln   dx
2
 x
ln     x 2  6 x  2  dx
5.841086

5.6457513
2
= 0.7343237907
 0.734 units2

5(i)
h

2x
3x
Volume of the box, V = lbh = (3x)(2x)(h)
 (3x)(2x)(h) = 1800
 6x2h = 1800
300
 h = 2
x
S = 2base + 2ends + 2sides
= 2  (3x)(2x) + 2(2x)(h) + 2(3x)(h)
= 12x2 + 4xh + 6xh
= 12x2 + 10xh
300
= 12x2 + 10x ( x2 )
3000
= 12x2 + (Shown)
x
5(ii) dS 3000
dx = 24x  x2

5
 24x3  3000
= x2
24(x3  125)
= x2
dS
For max/min values, set dx = 0
24(x3  125)
 x2 =0
 x3 – 125 = 0
 x=5
x 5 5 5+
-

dy
- 0 +
dx
Hence, x = 5 cm gives minimum value of S.
5iii) dS
Given dt = 150 cm2 /min (a fixed constant)
dS dS dx
dt = dx  dt
dx dS/dt
dt = dS/dx
x2
= 150 
24(x3  125)
300
When h = 30 cm, 30 = x2
300
 x2 = 30 = 10
 x = 10 (since x > 0)
dx 150 (10)
When x = 10, dt =
24( [10]3  125)
= - 0.6693281051
= - 0.669 cm per minute

6(i) A random sample is obtained when every student in the school has an equal
and independent opportunity of being chosen to be in the sample of 100
students.
6(ii) Take the class lists of every class in the school and number the students
according to the class lists from 1 to 2000 (total number of students).
2000
Calculate the interval = = 20
100

Pick a random starting point from 1 to 20.

Then from this starting point, pick the students in intervals of 20.
OR
Pick a random starting point from 1 to 2000.Then from this starting point,

6
 pick the students in intervals of 20, cycling to the top of the list where
necessary until 100 students are picked.
6iii) Adv – The students chosen are evenly-spread out over the population of the
school.
Disadv
– There may be an effect of periodicity if the namelists starts with girls first
followed by boys and each class is about 20 students, then mostly boys or
mostly girls will be picked.
- OR There will not be a proportionate representation for each class, for
example, if a class has less than 20 students, it may be skipped completely in
the selection process.

7(i)

x  100   30  7  25  18  20
7(ii) 43 7
P  M T  =  or 0.07
100 100
7iii) P  I  T '
30  7  3  9  25  18 92 23
=   or 0.92
100 100 25
7iv) P  M ' T 
PM ' |T  
P T 
13
 100
20
100
13
 or 0.65
20

7
8(i) n Red
n3
n 3
n3 Red n3
Black

n
3 n2 Red
n3 Black
2
n2
Black
8(ii) 3
P(A) = 10
3
 P(both balls are black) = 10
 3  2  3
  
 n  3  n  2  10
n 2  5n  14  0
n  2 , n  7  reject since n  0
Hence, n = 2 (Shown)
8iii) P(B) = P(red, black) + P(black, black)
 2  3  3 2 
       
 5  5  5 4 
27
  0.54
50
8iv) P(A  B)
P(A | B) = P(B)
P(black, black)
= P(red, black) + P(black, black)

3 2
54
=2 3 3 2
 + 
5 5 5 4
0.3
= 0.54
5
= 9  0.556
5 3
Since P(A | B) =  = P(A)
9 10
hence A and B are not independent.

8
 5
Since P(A | B) = 9  0  P(A  B)  0 hence A and B not mutually exclusive.

Alternative Method
3
From above P(A  B) = 10  0, hence A and B not mutually exclusive.
3 27 3
Since P(A)  P(B) = 10  50  10 = P(A  B) hence A and B are not
independent.

9(i) Scatter Diagram for g on t

Per capita in $g

Year, t

9(ii)

t  2009.5 (to 1 dp)

g  764.3 (to 1 dp)

Scatter Diagram for g on t

9
 (2009.5, 764.3)

9iii)

r  0.954
r-value suggest strong, positive linear correlation between Per Capita
Government Expenditure On Health and the years. As the year progresses,
Per Capita Government Expenditure On Health increases fairly
proportionately.

9iv) g  94.879t  189894.624 (to 3 d.p.)

Scatter Diagram for g on t

Per capita in $g

(2009.5, 764.3)

Year, t

10
9(v) Regression line g on t is
g = 94.87878788 t – 189894.6242

If g = $1400,
Then 1400 = 94.87878788 t – 189894.6242
t = 2016.200127
 2016.2 (to 1 dp)
Since g = $1400 is outside given data range,
432 ≤ g ≤ 1374, it is an extrapolation. Hence generally unreliable.

Note: In this case, the year, t, is taken as the independent variable.

10i) unbiased estimate of population mean


  x  30  30
100
45
  30
100
609
  30.45 (exact)
20

2 1  452 
s2 =   2680 
100  1  100 
 26.86616162
 26.9  to 3 s.f.
10ii Let X be the random variable denoting the length of a randomly selected fish
from the pond in cm.
H 0 :   30 cm
H1 :   30 cm
Under H0, since n = 100 is large enough, by CLT
 26.86616162 
X ~ N  30,  approximately
 100 
At 5% level, reject H0 if p-value < 0.05
x  0 30.45  30
Test-statistic, z  
s 26.86616162
n
100
From GC,
z = 0.8681798508
p  value  0.3852957923  0.05 ,
do not reject H0 .
Conclude that there is insufficient evidence at 5% level of significance that

11
 the mean length of the fish is not 30 cm.
10iii Let Y be the random variable denoting the length of a randomly selected fish
from the laboratory in cm.
H 0 :   30 cm
H1 :   30 cm
Under H0, since n = 100 is large enough, by CLT
 32 
Y ~ N  30,  approximately
 100 
Since H0 is rejected at 5% level,
p  value  0.05
 
P Y  k  0.05
Using critical values,
To reject H0 for right-tail test,
Test-statistic, z > invNorm(1- 0.05, 0, 1)
x  0
  1.644853626
s
n
k  30
  1.644853626
3
100
 k > 30.49345609
 least value of k is 31 cm

11i) Expected score of 10 two-point baskets

= 2 + expected score of 10 three-point baskets
 (2)(10)  0.72   2  (3)(10)  p 
 14.4 = 2 + 30p
31
 p
75
11ii Let X and Y be random variables denoting the number of successful two-point
baskets and successful three-point baskets out of 10 shots respectively.
 31 
Then X B 10, 0.72  and Y B 10, 
 75 
P(succeeds in 6 out of 10 two-point baskets and 2 out of 10 three-point
baskets) = P  X  6  P Y  2 
= 0.0193995242
 0.0194 (3s.f.)
11iii The possible outcomes are for 17 points:
 X  7, Y  1 ,  X  4, Y  3 and  X  1,Y  5
P(total of 17 points in 10 two-point baskets and 10 three-point baskets)

12
 = P  X  7   P Y  1  P  X  4   P Y  3
 P  X  1  P Y  5
= 0.0145191857
 0.0145 (3s.f.)
11iv Let W be the random variable denoting the number of successful two-point
baskets out of 50. Then W B  50, 0.72 
Since n  50 is large enough, such that
np  50  0.72   36  5 and nq  50  0.28  14  5
X N  36,10.08 approximately
To get more than 80 points implies success rate more than 40 out of 50.
P  X  40 
c.c.
P  X  40.5
= 0.0781879092
 0.0782 (3.s.f.)

12i Let X and Y be random variables denoting mean speed of a randomly

selected boy and girl in m s-1 respectively.
Then X N  7, 1.4 2  and Y N  6, 1.7 2 
X1 + X2 – 3Y ~ N( 27 – 36, 21.42 + 321.72)
X1 + X2 – 3Y ~ N(– 4, 29.93)
P(X1 + X2 – 3Y > 2)
= 0.1363807696
 0.136
12ii P(three boys each has speeds of more than 6.5 metres per second)
  P  X  6.5 
3

  0.63950751
3

= 0.2615392938
 0.262
12iii 20 X  20Y N  20  7   20  6  , 20 2  1.4 2  20 2  1.7 2 
P  20 X  20Y  40 
20 X  20Y N  20, 1940 
 P  40  20 X  20Y  40 
= 0.5885503964
 0.589
Alternative Method
X – Y ~ N(7 – 6, 1.42 + 1.72)
X – Y ~ N(1, 4.85)

P( |20X – 20Y| < 40)

= P(|X – Y| < 2)
= P( - 2 < X – Y < 2)
= 0.5885503964

13
  0.589
12iv  1.7 2 
Since Y is normally distributed, Y N  6, 
 n 

 
P Y  6  0.6  0.95

 
P 0.6  Y  6  0.6  0.95

P  5.4  Y  6.6   0.95

Using GC table:
n 
P 5.4  Y  6.6 
30 0.94678
31 0.9506
32 0.95412

Least value of n =31

Alternative Method 1
 
 5.4  6 6.6  6 
P Z  0.95
 1.7 1.7 

 n n 
 6 n
2P  0  Z    0.95
 17 
 6 n
P0  Z    0.475
 17 
 6 n
PZ    P  Z  0   0.475
 17 
 6 n
PZ    0.975
 17 
Alternative Method 2
 
P Y  6  0.6  0.95

 
P 0.6  Y  6  0.6  0.95
 
  0.6 0.6 
P Z   0.95
 1.7 1.7 

 n n
 6 n 6 n
P Z   0.95
 17 17 

14
 0.025 0.95

6 n
 1.959963986
17
n  5.553231293
n  30.8383778
Least value of n = 31

15