Laboratory 1: Determination of the Density of an Egg

Purpose of Experiment /2
 To find the density of an egg by using different glassware with sodium chloride
solution and to compare the accuracy of glassware.

Procedure /2
(Give a proper reference to the procedure given in the laboratory 1 procedure posted on SLATE and state
any changes made to the procedure, equipment or chemicals.)

Observations

Part A
Temperature of salt solution ____24.1°C_________________ /1
(Include the appropriate number of significant digits, OC)

Part B

Top-loading balance number __01_____________________ /1

Table 1. Masses obtained for empty glassware and glassware with 10 mL of salt
solution.
Item weighed Mass ( +/- 0.01 g)

Empty 50 mL beaker 29.98 g

Empty 50 mL graduated cylinder 89.83 g

Empty 10 mL volumetric flask. 10.24 g

50 mL beaker + 10 mL salt solution 39.72 g

50 mL graduated cylinder + 10 mL salt 100.26 g

solution
10 mL volumetric flask + 10 mL salt 20.95 g
solution
/4
Table 2. Measured salt solution volumes held in glassware.

Item Volume (mL)

Volume in 50 mL beaker 10. mL

Volume in 50 mL graduated cylinder 10.0 mL

Volume in 10 Ml volumetric flask 10.00 mL

/2
Calculations
Part B: Mass, Volume and Density for 50 mL Beaker, 50 mL Graduated Cylinder
and 10 mL Volumetric Flask

50 ml Beaker
Mass of salt solution in 50 mL beaker (g) /2
= (Mass of 50 mL Beaker contains 10 mL sodium chloride solution) – (Mass of
empty 50 mL beaker)
= (39.72 g – 29.98 g)
= 9.74 g

Density of salt solution in g/mL, at the measured temperature /2

D = m/V
= 9.74/10.
= 0.97 g/mL

50 ml Graduated Cylinder
Mass of salt solution in 50 mL graduated cylinder (g) /2
= (Mass of 50 mL Graduated
Cylinder contains 10 mL sodium
chloride solution) – (Mass of empty
50 mL Graduated Cylinder)
= (100.26 g – 89.83 g)
= 10.43 g

Density of salt solution in g/mL, at the measured temperature /2

D = m/V
= 10.43/10.0
= 1.04 g/mL

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10 mL Volumetric Flask
Mass of salt solution in 10 ml volumetric flask (g) /2
= (Mass of 10 mL Volumetric Flask contains 10 mL sodium chloride solution)
– (Mass of empty 10mL Volumetric Flask)
= (20.95 g – 10.24 g)
= 10.71 g

Density of salt solution in g/mL, at the measured temperature /2

D = m/V
= 10.71/10.00
= 1.071 g/mL

Table 3. Summary of Salt Solution Density Results

Glassware used to Volume of salt Mass of salt Density of salt
measure 10 mL solution delivered solution (g) solution (g/mL)
salt solution (mL)
50 mL beaker 10. 9.74 0.97
50 mL graduated 10.0 10.43 1.04
cylinder

10 mL volumetric 10.00 10.71 1.071

flask

/3
Percent Relative Error Calculation:

Percent Relative Error is a calculation that expresses the difference between an

experimental value (or calculated from measured values) and true value. The closer the
percent relative error is to zero the higher the accuracy of your result because the
measured value is equal to or close to the true value.
In this experiment, the true density of the egg was determined using the 10 mL
volumetric flask.
The density calculated from the 50mL beaker and 50mL graduated cylinder will be
compared to the true density determined by the 10mL volumetric flask. The percentage
can be negative or positive. A negative result indicates that the experimental value is
less than the true value. A positive result indicates that the experimental value is
greater than the true value.

Experimental Value−True Value

% Relative Error= x 100
True Value

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Using the equation above,

a. Determine the percent relative error for the density found from the 50mL beaker.
= 0.97-1.071 * 100
1.071
/2
= (-9.43%)

b. Determine the percent relative error for the density found from the 50mL graduated
cylinder.
= 1.041-1.071 * 100
1.071
= (- 2.801%)
/2
Questions
1. Why the true density value was determined using the 10 mL volumetric flask?
 Density of 10 mL Volumetric Flask is more accurate than the Density of 50
mL Beaker and 50 mL Graduated Cylinder.
 Volumetric Flask measures specific volume of liquid. While, in 50 mL
Graduated Cylinder and Beaker, we must assume last digit of measuring
volume. However, it becomes uncertain. So, it is measured by 10 mL
Volumetric Flask.
/4

2. Compare the percent relative error for the 50mL beaker to the 50mL graduated
cylinder. Which glassware should be most accurate? Does the relative error
calculation agree? Explain your answer.
 The percent relative error for 50 mL beaker is (-9.43%) and for 50 mL
graduated cylinder is (-2.801%). So, according to result, graduated
cylinder is most accurate because it has least percent relative error.
 The accuracy of beaker is about 10 %. While, the graduated cylinder is
more accurate than beaker is about to 1 % of its full scale.
/7

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3. Describe another method that could have been used to determine the density of the
egg.
 It can be determined by using volume and mass of an egg. We can find out
the mass of an egg by using weighing machine directly. While, for volume,
we can measure the width and length of the egg by using the ellipsoids
sketching and scale on the egg. By giving the numbers to the radius as a, b,
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c, we can find the volume of egg by formulaV = π ∙ abc . So, we will have the
3
values of mass and volume. Thus, we can find the density of egg by using
m
the formula of density ρ= .
V
/5

4. Find and write the formula for sample standard deviation. What is this equation
used for? Provide a REFERENCE for the formula source.

 sx=
√Σ( x i−x )2
n−1
 It is used for the spread of a data distribution. It measures distance between
each data point and the mean.
 Reference: [email protected]
/3

Conclusions /3
 It can be concluded that density of egg changes slightly for 10 mL volumetric
flask, 50 mL graduated cylinder, 50 mL beaker. However, 10 mL volumetric flask
is most accurate among the glassware. So, the density of egg is 1 g/mL

References
(n.d.). Retrieved from statistics laerd:
https://statistics.laerd.com/statistical-guides/measures-of-spread-standard-
deviation.php
barclay, s. (1990). Retrieved from sciencing: https://sciencing.com/types-liquid-
measuring-devices-8469307.html
Ophardt, C. E. (2003). Virtual Chembook. Retrieved from
http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/120Adensity.html

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Teacher Evaluation (Students leave this part blank)