Kindom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Transport J Pan II ESTs] wo RK ZON 3 BU eam Sa TRAFFIC CONTROL HANDBOOK 1438 A. H. (2017) Kindom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Transport Directorate General of Road Sale Traffic Engineerning and Safety Dd Riyadh : 11178 aR : 0118744804 abd : 0118744803 Tawari Tel. : (938) website. mot.gov.saPreface A. Traffic Management B. The Temporary Traffic Control Zone C. Advance Warning Area Signing Flags/Warning Lights Rumble Strips Speed Reduction D. Transition Area Tapers Channelizing Devices Chevron Sign Flashing Warning Arrow Panel E. Buffer Area F. Work Area G. Termination Area H. Miscellaneous Removal of Pavement Markings Radius of Curves Steady-burning Lights Opposing Traffic Lane Divider 10 Flagging Procedures 11 . Typical Application Diagrams 12 Symbols used in typical application diagrams 13 1) Work area on shoulder of Two Lane Highway. 14 2) Mobile operation in one lane of Two Lane Highway. 15 3) Work area in one lane of Two Lane Highway 16 flagger option. 4) Work area in one lane of Two Lane Highway 17-18 paved shoulder option. 5) Work area in both lanes of Two Lane Highway 19-20 and use of a temporary detour. DOWODOBRMDHAMMAOUNUAAARWNND 6) Work area in one lane of Divided Highway. 21-22 7) Work area in two lanes of Divided Highway. 23-24 8) Median crossover on Divided Highway. 25-26 J. Installation, Removal and Maint. of Traffic Devices 27 K. Roadside Safety 28 References 28 AWORK ZONE TRAFFIC CONTROL The purpose of this Handbook is to provide guidelines for personnel responsible for designing, installing and operating work zone traffic control on highways. The Handbook summa- rizes engineering knowledge and practices, and provides examples of typical traffic control applications. Traffic management strategies for work zones must include the following fundamental principles: * Make traffic safety an integral element of every project. ¢ Avoid inhibiting traffic as much as possible. * Guide motorists in a clear and positive way. * Perform routine inspection of traffic control elements and traffic operations. * Give constant attention to roadside safety. The traffic management system must be easily understood by the average driver. The system must help drivers make choices. rapidly, and provide adequate response time. The separation of decision points for the driver is important. Insofar as possible, measures should be taken one at a time. For example, lane closures should not be made at the same place where speed is reduced. Uniform traffic management strategies should be followed for similar situations. * Definitions for traffic control applications: “Shall” or “must"- mandatory; “should”- recommended; “may”- permitted AThe temporary traffic control zone includes the entire section of roadway between the first advance warning sign through the last traffic control device. Most temporary traffic control zones can be divided into the five areas shown below. ess] i TERMINATION AREA lets traffic resume normal driving ’ | WORK AREA t BUFFER AREA provides protection for traffic and workers A TRANSITION AREA moves traffic out of its normal path Ao WARNING AREA ao tells traffic what to expect ahead Ao Ay. A.The advance warning system must change the driver’s normal expectation of the roadway situation, and inform him of what to expect. © Signing Advance warning signs are intended to provide adequate time (and distance) for the driver to perceive and react to the con- dition ahead. 1) The first advance warning sign must meet the following criteria: Distance to point where lane closure begins, or flagging position. Divided Highway 1500 m. Two Lane Highway 1000 m. 2) The spacing between advance warning signs must meet the following criteria. Divided Highway 300 m. Two Lane Highway 250 m. The spacing of signs is illustrated in the typical application dia- grams. 3) Standard sign size is 1.1 m., and 1.5 m. signs may be used for multilane and divided highways. ¢ Flags/Warning Lights Red flags attached to a sign attract attention during daytime operations, and should be considered for application on the first advance warning sign. Flashing warning lights add emphasis during nighttime operations.¢ Rumble Strips Rumble strips present vibratory and audible warnings which alert drivers. Except for shoulder work and mobile operations, they must be used with the first warning sign. Rumble strips, Type B, must be located so that the upcoming warning sign is clearly visible as the drivers pass over the rumble strips. Edge of travelled lane Oo 000 0 0 0 © 0 0/0 0/0 0 Oo 0 0 ‘0 0/0 0 oo 0 000 0 oO 0 09 0 0 0 0 o O00 0 0 0 ceramic raised pavement marker (10 cm) 1500 mm. RUMBLE STRIPS, TYPE "B" * Speed Reduction A basic principle of good temporary traffic control is that traffic movement should be inhibited as little as practical. Drivers will reduce their speed only if they clearly perceive a need to do so, and reduced speed zoning should be avoided if possible. Experience shows that drivers will only slow to a certain level regardless of the presence of a speed control treatment. Typically drivers will not reduce their speed by more than 35 km/hr. For example, a driver traveling at 120 km/hr. will usual- ly not slow below 85 km/hr. Stationary Traffic Police patrol cars are beneficial in controlling speed. A© Tapers For a Highway lane closure, the taper length shall be 280 meters. The taper must be accomplished with channelizing devices that will yield if struck by an errant vehicle. Channelizing devices in tapers shall be spaced every 20 meters. © Channelizing Devices Channelizing devices warn or alert drivers of conditions created by work activities, provide guidance, and protect workers. The selection of channelizing devices should be based on the degree of hazard associated with the work area. The selection priority of channelizing devices, in the order of increasing haz- ard, is as follows: 1. Tubular channelizers. 2. Cones. 3. Vertical panels. 4. Plastic traffic drums. © Chevron Sign The Chevron sign should be used on curves and tapers to sup- plement other devices and provide additional emphasis and guidance for the motorist. Spacing shall be such that at least three Chevron signs are always visible to the motorist. Chevron signs shall be mounted on flexible supports.1500 mm 700 mm. Chevron sign mounted on flexible support. € & s Ss 3 900 mm - Tubular Vertical panel channelizer Plastic Barriers Traffic Separator A¢ Flashing Warning Arrow Panel Flashing Warning Arrow Panels attract the attention of motorists, and must be used on all lane closures on multilane roads and divided highways. The Buffer Area separates traffic flow from the work activity. It Provides a recovery space for errant vehicles and safety for workers. Design guidelines for the buffer space include: © The buffer space length must be at least as long as the taper length. * Channelization devices shall be spaced every 40 meters along the parallel portion of the buffer area. For divided highways, it is preferred that a positive barrier be used to separate traffic from the Work Space. Concrete portable crashworthy safety barriers are an example of a positive barrier that prevents vehicles from penetrating work areas, and also minimizes vehicle occupant injuries. A positive barrier should also be considered for all locations where there is a substantial difference between the elevation of the work space and the road. The individual concrete barrier sections must be connect- ed in a continuous manner that assures that the barrier system acts as a single unit. The positive barrier shall be supplement- ed by standard delineators, channelizing devices, or pavement markings. aThe downstream end of the work site may require a closure taper to reduce the chance of a vehicle coming from the opposite direction entering the work site at high speed. The closure distance from the work site, including taper, is usually a distance of 50 meters. Typically, a terminal taper is not required on divided roads. ¢ Removal of Pavement Markings When the work zone will be in place more than one week, conflicting pavement markings must be removed. * Radius of Curves The recommended minimum radius used in horizontal curves. for highway detours is 600 meters. An adequate superelevation rate must be used in accordance with the Design Manual. ° Steady-burning Lights Steady-burning lights may be used to supplement other traffic control devices to delineate the safe path of travel through a work area. They are typically mounted on barriers or marker posts, and a series of lights are used for this purpose.° Opposing Traffic Lane Divider The Opposing Traffic Lane Divider is a traffic control device which helps drivers stay in designated travel lanes through work zones. The purpose of the device is to reduce the chances for one of the most hazardous traffic accidents, the head-on collision. Use of the device is intended for situations where multi- lane operations have temporarily been moved to one side of the road for a short two-lane, two-way operation. As shown in the following temporary centerline diagram, Opposing Traffic Lane Dividers, mounted on flexible supports, shall be placed at intervals of no greater than 150 meters. Tubular channelizers, mounted on flexible supports, shall be installed at intervals not to exceed 30 meters between the Opposing Traffic Lane Dividers. sal Raised reflective plastic Bed pavement marker 10x 10cm 12m. 2m Opposing traffic lane divider Ceramic raised pavement marker 10 cm. G—_ Tubular channelizer 51cm. — [#1 cm. — a Raised reflective plastic pavement marker [|_31 em._| 10x 10 cm. a¢ Flagging Procedures Flaggers must be well trained and must be provided frequent relief during the flagging operation. The flagger must wear a reflective safety vest and should be positioned at least 150 meters upstream of the work site. Illumination must be provided when flaggers are operating dur- ing nighttime conditions. TO STOP TRAFFIC TRAFFIC PROCEED TO ALERT AND SLOW TRAFFIC aTypical application diagrams are presented on the following pages for a variety of highway conditions. These are not intend- ed as a substitute for engineering judgment. Typical applica- tions should be altered, when necessary, to fit the conditions of a particular temporary traffic control zone. In preparing a layout of traffic control devices, the designer should use the distance guidelines shown in the application diagrams. Beginning at the Work Area, the designer should work back through the Buffer Area, the Transition Area and the Advance Warning Area. Upon completion of the above procedure, the designer must inspect, in the field, the location where the initial sign in the Advance Warning Area is to be placed. The initial sign must be visible to oncoming traffic for a long distance. If necessary, additional signs must be placed to assure good visibility. A trained person must be assigned the responsibility for safety at the work site. He must monitor operations when the site is initially opened and at routine intervals, both day and night, and assure that all traffic control elements are effective in pro- viding safe conditions for both motorists and workers. He is expected to implement changes, when necessary, to assure safe conditions.* Symbols used in typical application diagrams. Direction of traffic Sign (shown facing left) Flashing arrow panel Arrow panel support Channelizing devices Chevron symbol Temporary centerline with Opposing Traffic Lane Dividers Barricade Flagger ©P> —— 1] j A 88 Amlosa a 5 a peSell jyreil!) ali. aay iO ADVANGE WARNING AREA TRANSITION AREA s & a = 2 g a ® a 2 a = s 8 5 a < o 8 = = & = s = > q So sl a Jp julML = 10kms Beat Aaa. WORK AREA aan agloa Alea) Atay eS) jy525) Rae BUFFER 260M AREA | TRANSITION AREA ADVANCE WARNING AREA REPEAT SING EVERY 500 M WORK AREA 200M PLASTIC NJB NO SAR W/‘tisHTS. 200m 200M 200m. 200M. 4 som (een) ©Q Op 1 O° BARRICADES TYPE WOH DEIOUR ARROW ‘MOUNTED ON 300m Sant! Falgs Tale TERMINATION ON AREAheal dale WORK AREA \ BARRICADES TYPE Il ‘Witt DETOUR ARROW MOUNTED ONT Sell 5yaell daleie Sesball ayli dhygss alaitials. rudlvils Gapbo pa asig ali pd Joe dibaia alls CASE 3) WORK AREA ON ONE DIRECTION OF SINGLE ROAD USING A DETOUR ADVANCE WARNING AREA ‘500M OP OP REPEAT SING EVERY 500 Maah) alolall BUFFER AREA ayy eal) Ailaie a | 2tGay SeSell Gpaaill Adlaie MAXIMUM L = 10 kms WORK AREA TRANSITION ADVANCE WARNING AREA REPEAT SING EVERY dO. u Beall 4yigs Salas TERMINATION ON AREAcSeall 4:1¢5 Adlie heal) Adlaie TERMINATION WORK AREA ON AREA 30M 20M 500 M. 280M $6 oa se watts tonge Re PLASTIC NJB NO, GAP W/ LIGHTS. TERE PATIERN 2S sans Tenn RETEAT SING OP 200M t 200M 200M 200M 280M ©) 100M. 3 z 3 aalea Sell janesll 4a. ate ADVANCE WARNING AREA TRANSITION AREA q Ss c Ww g 5 . a S = zg a & Q 2 3S = = t x $ = xy q $ 4 4 4 4 4 4 q j 4 gqAgi ago abou ata) eS) _jyaeal) Ales BUFFER Ure TRANSITION ADVANGE WARNING AREA <<) QO < 4 10M 280M 280M 200m 200M 200M | 200M i 100M ‘Salts TAMMY} PATIERN 29 PLASTIO. NB NO GAP Wr tiGHTS. 200M 1 30m Cheat) Aules Adlaie TERMINATION ON AREAQantt Algo Aa Gant) aaa TERMINATION WORK AREA ONUAREA 30M 200M PLASTIC NJB NO GAP W/ LIGHTS. 200 M 200m 200 M va D $62 ate D (—or) a Tay Sia SySall yan) Aides ADVANGE WARNING AREA 4 4 ; 7 4 i CASE 1) AREA ON SHOULDER OF TWO LANE HIGHWAYaah Aad abe aia pySal goed Aas BUFFER TRANSITION "AREA AREA, ADVANCE WARNING AREA 10M 150M 100m 200M 200M 200M TRUCK WITH WARNING, UGHTS AND REO FLAGS ATTENUATOR SHALL BE 200M Gast Soles Sate TERMINATION GNARENSUSI Me abl pe 6 gypghl Koel Litlase jagd ye el Qa ee pe ty el ye tel GUI JRL Joe Sry! 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