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 RMDATON FROM A tALF WAVE DIPDLE ()O ANTENTNA)
(
meadiahm fram
A/a amBen va)
fwaNe dipleCN
memna) is na e
Simples ameuna A 2 smtmna ls h e
.

tdanment vadid omenna meal odor

t a n g ar h i wire KWion has a pmsi c a
lengh A half winmelona espaa at&
frenmey prshs *2 m knna is auo
moon As Wer mMa r half wane tewde
A dpsla amkna mom be.
delmed as.Sqmme
-¥ritl-embana.
-
w i n hfd ends ne. at
s u n Poletial aive b mad Pamt
pents
Tm sinlh-)
d i s t a n tponf

-2h
TmSnh3):850
m anplh+3)

The o r e q q u r e h o w s a SinmROdAR. cwsw

Aisibuhin aREIMLd. m cenre fe dnpsl

amenna. Now e a e o n g u cleulat h.
dpöle..
Vdna hn ald hfWane
CMevnt agSumed amsoda. asgmptshcalm
s b n t d rs 3am alodre f q e

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 Lemce T Im 6iiBlh-3) Z>o

1 Tm sn p(h+3) Z<o

e
peise pspnga
Consmt
I Singh
P

777T77
perfect
refechng pane
-ImSin ph*)
1maqe ankma
- e aoove haime suaw a a Sinmsrndal umteMt
* *

drerilbmho» assimied n dg msmoplle anBemne

here Tm urrent maniwm at ewnmt
sop
Vector polknhal ab povnt P'
me to euvrenl elemest
Ldg i Nen b

Ag H1dy)BR
4-WR
Shere R< dsmce beween
Vdzemd P
Torl vecBor roenidL
a) suen elemu
omt P is ven o,
MTdgeER MTdg R
- 4-R 4TR
A 2 Tm SinB(h+z)e)Rd g +M 1msnp3)e
B
R

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 3+

rm hgme R 2 -3 coso
ce P Aistma s vey l RE
~ 2

densmmnain
hms M heabove egnahu me
R C m he replcal lo- l o n t uot in wmRiath
become R is mvsved mm pase faer amd

R2 ais imphnt
ence

n D is e d m c e d . r s ,

I mSinp(l*3)EJB(A-zcoss)
M(T SinB(h-3)
4-h 4 EJBlAgeoso

S n p h ) eE3as8
d+ p(-3) BBepo
4 dg
tor 2 anenaa,

4
Sn
elhr3) Sin
p (h- 3)
Sn
(phrB)- i n (V2t P)- coss
Sn
slhtg) Snp(h-g)- os s
=

AR- MImeJBAA CosB.B8aso

4A

Cossg as9
4- 2 L 8+CsB3B&coso

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 Since qalsrder

reeses

Ag-hTe
A3 hImeA,
CosB edBgcos9+ e dBgcoso
2casAos3

cos(4-9

MmeB
tospg 2.cos(pgcaso) |dz
4 A

Tmesr N
Lcos B3(1-Coso)+cospg (it aso)4,

Mlme siiP8 Ccoso+SnB cos

i-eosa)
o
MImeP[t1-coso)sinBgUrcoso)+Citcos) Sin B3i-aso
4-RAB I-cose

n-cos
MImes21-ooso)Sin (Tasa)+CITs 2 2

4- 13 - cas Einlto-)
=SncaorO=u

MTmeP-cos o) Cas (coso)+Ctcoso)Cos/Tis)

Sin2
4T8
- MIm
M I m e i R L

Cosceso) (1 - cos + 1 + coso)

4TBh
M I m e U B L

cos (/2 cos)2

sno

Ag-MImeJB2 cos (acos)

2 Sin e

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Magnehe ttel conponent
By Max well qahon. A Ag cose

VxA MH

Mhe 7A) t 0 .i - dhz A =O

tem in induch fed i t csmtm

dAz cs -L d Mwe cos (2coso).cos9

do 2
MImeB
CosC2Coso).Co
59
2 2h de Sin2o
radiahm
Hance whon only distomt ed a r
considered Aa o *******
****

Ag.

= -A2 sm®
L
M L m e J P cos(2cosO) S n 0 :

2 hB Sine

(%cos9
cos L
cos

2 Bsn
eAA)

2 0 BSn

JA1m tos(K cos0) eP

MH
21 Sne

Hl -
Tm eoslC2 cos) Arpen n
2 Sinl
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This reqnired magnehe i
is he nonat
Cx press16n jor hwave aipale

Elecic tield Component

Eo- 12
E -120 A| 120T Tm Cos Ch/acoso)
2 ) SIn o

E - 6olm Cos (M2C05e)

s}céehie
amplimde
This the ex p r e s s i t n f o r 4d0YanN
for
radnab fald
teld nBonsity

BW ER RADATED AND. RADATION RESISTANCE

HALFWAVE DIPOLE (Na ANTENNA)
Pmax Eo[|Hpl

PO. Hd -
£s.td -
Pmax
2 2 2
2

PNg Fo to m . 6olnescoso)
2 2 Sin

Pwg. 15I,2 Costhecoso)) 2-

22 Sno

lu prre h l a Pms ma T m : 2tnns

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 2
'Pwg.
Pag 15( rme) (eas(%cos) Sno
)2

2
2
Pa. 2 l m s cos ccoss w2
1 2 Sn20

expressln or aNarnge powes In Erms

h t s is the

ms CuremE

rthe calenlhó sal power radra hm by1

ammna md emce. t radnahm resIstmii
2
he. same mAnner as
has been
C ftmd in

Mrremt e l e m t Power
adopd jn case. sL
mamod.
Clann hon sMsIVna Bynhiq vector
a-N2amuma
Hence taal pSwer adsra. fram
siven. o ,
W
Po As
30 Tms ) cos*theo5o)2hasn0do 2

6 0 m s CosV2coss) 2caso =I+tasA&

Sn

6olms

W So Ioms 1
+cas Ch oso)
whawe T
ame 1s
This s n nqtr q specal tpe
wumericad 1nkaahov s r pmial
olved uSina
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wenod or ova Simpsns mehnod Tapeziday
Smle: md t is Se t a t he Valma

inkar s21
e I l219
W 6o1%ms x: 21
W43140Tms
W Ims R

Khre Rr =
+3140 13
l22h
diseussad had aleng
h e2 aipole
h=yfdagams
An mlemma 4 a
piysel mgd
condchng- pemp
pevfeet
em
Iniiëy large 2iFs
some chaA. As dpdle mBemna
i l l hawe
wave monpolCMarcsn
Clled z narler
v a o h a l e s Poner ii å k a m sphura
neuun). t
has a bda'ahm
resiimce holfp
sNata ond
Tuis is becanm
th Apde t i 26.54
egt
sbore md
Rs is atwnchers
rnduzk poner
er omtzmva, ( d pa)
kss i ) iau élim
wore ór

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 TUTORIAL -

MoDULE L 2 MoDULE 2
A anemna has wovmaed idd plem i v e
En = cos$. ure s hue palar amge I
sphert cal palar co-ordrnates amd it aries trom
o . F i na the t-P:8 and dieehviy
Salnshs
For En- cos9

IEnlmar 4
o r haf poner ponsS B20

E eos R(max
PaE2
2
coss

ta+° HPBu 2 54
4-
Deekvil b 4
A
Pn( n® dod
-P-d
4
12
E Sm 0 dod
-nOde

Co8 F

4
de

a¢
Coss s1n dô

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 D 4

t1
an sving
D lalegnt 8S4 B
-

C N e l t the durechvi for hhe fsllawma poner

1S pale
,PLr) =
Posin 9srp ,b) POp)- Posiosp

sduhm
we hava

D 4 nd A P-p SinOdedg
vA

we Pa( 6.6)= P¢o.9

Pn 9, a)- Sin 8 snp

4K
D
U,
ane srp dsdp spdp

D 5oa arlooS 0 T-04 de

hhe somme. viay, eget

oeed ma m

b 4 ot or lolesiotof> 8:4a dB

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3 TheAoSMAZa iel palern mlema
m m
v e by
En(9) a Sin (8coso)

Fndhe ansular posihin lle, m

direchn max1mum radiaim

somho
n ) d qivas ha dieetin nulls
SIn ( 8 cosO)
SIn ( 2coso) SInc8 cos)aD

8 cos e = tnn K r e ne9,3,

pnt 1

put 2 oC*A)
38.24, 66.88°, tu3. 12 emd l141 #6

radiahn
aifecho EnlD (s jm m,
maxim vm,
Fos max.
s minimumn Sncoso
denomanahor
har
this cers

o sdose =o
Stn (2 cos 9) - d

CoSo =o

Field Palem- m amemun s

koonaged
Cos26 F i n d HPBN
iven b Enl 0)-
Somno
hedirechm
4 max radnahsn.
-o vec

En AX 1
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 For half poner emglees
Eno os2g . Eo{mar
V2

seluing, I22 S
tPBW 2 0 45.

A mlennA s
fed. winu LoO per. The eheen
hho mdema 8ol. f ne nsrmahges poner
2
e givenby
b p e find he dhshon 1nensly mhe2
Aireehan amaximim adnetin,| md power
densi a a distmte 1 d k m m f e dreedan s
max. adhahi

SAmbn

PE
max D Pmg
Dang- W - 8o
32.422 4-
4-R
ard D- Goa lCalmla
prsbk. v 2)
in
Bmar &0_ *S-0qa
126 2/s thuk do
=
4M
Jw
WA T @max
=

129 63
2

Pd.\216 uWm
u ammna hAs hhe direehvi 2odB. The
m wna excili wth 5oY, amd
s
vadhaisn nensi 90
pradmees
sr. mi me diechm

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 mm radnatm Pu he î'npwt
axi
vesLsm ce.
he omenna.

Solmho

D 20d B = lO lesD = I o 20d

a ons ,V>GovCrm)

Bowg W Wsed hang 4

4-
Wrad. = 4 Axoo5 6.28 waltß

w o n wrad V Rin -502 2a8

6 28
A n omkmna hAs a los reeislme 2,power
22. find radahon easkn
Rom Ao Gnd Pireehvim
R 5n, á 20, D-22
RT -50v
R7 20.
22 RT+5
R

îme
manimwm e c h v e aper
tme -da a

eermune at S00M hawa tPew

omenna
speahna
the
beom
thoganal plamus tnkrseelie
3s° m
a e ° ond nanible
anor sbes.
sSme
bem aris
.

D 4159 41,25
4
= 3 T1o8 0 6m
d
Ad So010

Ae 6x42 l = 21 m
4
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 nalfwave dpolu
halfWae dpil
aa

Fnd he lchie
has a
drehvi l
wmth
pochng
a t doo M
da 3xID&
l'644 em d2 D,
4
XL644 0 2 m
.52
4

tmod4k dpd of omgn

ds eamis peak
cwwut

fadha.
0 A gmal poler
dha.
Omemmt d
mlate
44 l
To4A d l 2Ms
krTrm
o
odratd 9me
er P

8o1 a
T dapdla, RT

*(a!) 4or6xt*
P 45
moauu P 28.0 4
was

it
ombma is
OlA long.f
A t dapd restsenLi
vadahhm
easmea ls An f e
Logs

2 kicienc R! -2
al: o td,

R 4-8av2

Rr
Pin
1t2
M0 & or 8a/.

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 A 3mad dapde 4 ng locm has GA
ms curremta 10o M talomlsta hha K a l

ne adnctidL b ha dpd.
Tms 5A, dl= o. Im, fa t0oml, 7 -1D000 m

P= Tms Rr S xo-88

m ornhma has Au reahigpr Sod8

ha smtmna
Fi he erchye perhre
Soludom

D á D 50de »
lo

An ombuna has duchue gomk 20de. Fmd

eehve apertwa ak loál f als radhahm sthia

lox0
e'03 m

Aem d D 03. 1290 =O m

4

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(15Find the dirchd,, q nd Ae cd e n mbwma
is 13dB
/IE Rr Bo a R! a0 The pmer g
Ad a mEm Sperxun at lOo M

Somháv áld B) 13 l o bgu

ag

D 19a 22 42
=

ard Ae =
b d3eex1oð Bme 24 42
Ac lb 06 on

kat is he theehe lengmralfwae dfila.

deao 13}
poz5 at 56M nd doom.un
Krf3/n ard z 344

at fDMda Ae z
13x 6-4.68m

A =l:Sm 2
3S 0292
at f 2o6M

Le 73x 4-68
4 T3x02
3+*
O44m

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 Sho dpola
_An
) 3t
2) av Cu c codeian Caodi nod
2
L ed adad ucton sad A S A
fo rea cuund dawent Caniduim
a Zain
AA A Coso.
Ao A Sin
elunes

=0 a o
6ACD A)Y cOA
3.d5-
Bo (VxA) 6 0

ISin wlt-Ejat

Sin wlt-X)Jt CAy Cano)

Can Coyw (t-).L
canw(tE)4oa
.(t ).Sha.

4T
Sinti atz)
A u Lu uedut shaucal
CoAcinok slm
Yao
CYA) -YA Sno
a- a kio
xA L a Sino (on(t))
esino

-Sno I o sin ulEE). -

+T
A PAO psine Ae
To.L. Sinw (t).S-

nino
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 - L.
GTC
Sinw(t).sino
Sins Tm()
utotsino -w sin wlt-E)(o wtE)
CY

H to Lsin usiulE) Co w(t)

CY

sin
EEr= (x4)y
-wshwlt-
rsino )He er
rSinD J
Co( . sito
dEo xt) -wsin ut tEx
YSino 47 cr

dty trsinb) u
rSiro
EY y21Lone wsint(t
4TEo c

(on(t)

we gd Eye 2To LO&(-wSin( t - )

cr
xy Co ( t
2TLo s(-o t )
fyxu6 A
Stuw(t-)
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 Radioh' an Pemad ant ohut Din
ale HCeiund Imy

auaye rout dan jun by

AY

Camdeig ha hdd conpan

andlEo Conporents auly
tdt 120TT

S Ea. H y (1of P e 20

E2
H go 71o
Eo214
Sye zH Diseuhuit Sod dipols

Tata pou aoolloue

- lo, ) so do.dq

20 tn lo, 4)- lE ( Lsi

Crt

de dy
/Tk
14 wT, Lsn
4nCY JA
Sia o sino do d
Sub

L
wTLS 15ino dode A o dodq 1
L

ho 32
Sidodo dt
D 4T
4T
fTr

TT

Rosy 12
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 Ey 2T Leas a 4 ) sin w

Simliasy,

TLSinu-wsi w()
CY

+ (onw ( )

T.Lino w shwt) -
ult)

2T.LSino w sinwlt)-Ca )
4TY

T.Lsiwra alt()
4Tr

otE) aolt
-

T Lsia0 wSinul t - |
u TA cr

Eo S uCe - t
c2

Eo = 1.Lsi wsin wlG LE) Sinult )

Y Cr cwy

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 Halue Dinala (1 SoEna)
Cuent dianibuNant uaieal (3n( ) ( )
onkma
Diomatu o nals
Sub SeY 2o-u
hould be oo :00(
Zano)
3, sin Y*2)

T Sin (4Lt2)
3.s)h)e
CJP2cm)
Z 70 -3o Sin ( ) (4-2)

2 IT si ( * )
T.Si())e
The e c sat at a ditant neit
de t CuRend nt Tdz fax hal wone c al L h Alz

lda S mean ha l u ad
d Az TS
Sin ht 2)- Sin b(TA 4)
Td -2) ca (6L)
Sinl

To CPLta
TY p2) e
al 1 dilka ho
and

co9-) e
S Sn(3(4+2)iAs
Cnang
Tos(- Hlo e Lao)

S Y 2 a )
Con (P 2) e
L 2h.
Hokadengh
Sub ad in e aboe
Ean
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 4

62coa

4TYP
t%Cao)
4Tr
()n(auoJa JY
An Toe
2TY a
47Y n (pL (o, 0) dz Sib
20A-C6 AY Azca

4MA C- Zme) t Ao -ALSi0

(bzt b2za,o)) A 0

Me
4TY Can ba-Cte on0) +(ob2utao)dz

? T0
t Sna 1a) Sin bzt-o)
n Ctr ab) CI-Cons)

E (-caya) Suf2 ( ttao)+ (r-a) sinby C-towo)

roo)C -(oo)

doe - ) Si t (terau (1raa) Sin T Ci )

sin-o

-1on) a(T, oa) (+ a) a(aa)

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Can araid Ay

C
Stn
sito

CaCm)
2p
tjs)
Sto

JP 1 , t r

sna

cCaye)
27
Sia

22
T

Eo 12oT e

-I20T lo
2T
sn

Eol 6o7 ao
S tG

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