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Disaster Management System

Using IoT
Kritheshvar.K.R.V. , Mohammed Taufeeq.T

RubanShiju. A , Mrs.Chinchu Nair

Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

[email protected]

INTRODUCTION:
Abstract:
A disaster is a major interruption of a community or
The internet-enabled is a mechanism of embedding society's ability to operate that causes extreme loss
sensors, chips, and tags in IoT consumer devices, and harm to people, property, the economy, or the
heavy machines, remote assets, and a vehicle, that environment. It also exceeds the capacity of the
establishes an internet-enabled connection and afflicted community or society to recover using its
remotely transmits data to the provider. IoT can be a resources.
game changer in the prevention of disasters by
monitoring and detecting earthquakes, tsunamis, and Some of the major disasters like earthquakes,
cyclones. This paper talks about IoT sensing and cyclones, tsunamis, etc
communication action technologies of IoT can
effectively be used in Disaster Management. Huge rocks that make up the earth's surface are
referred to as tectonic plates. An earthquake is a
sudden shaking that occurs on the earth's surface as a
result of the abrupt release of a massive quantity of
Keywords: IoT, Natural disaster, Architecture energy trapped in the rocks beneath the crust.
Earthquakes can be measured in two ways in
magnitude or intensity. A seismograph is an
PROBLEM DEFINITION: instrument usually used to measure the intensity of an
earthquake.
The purpose of the Disaster Management System is to
alert people about the various natural calamities once Most tsunamis are caused by an undersea earthquake
it is detected through message services so that the shake. Tsunami is a large wave that is generated in a
people can make themselves ready to face the scene. water body when a sea floor is deformed by seismic
This also helps the government to make enough safety activity. This activity displays the overline water in
measures for the people. We need a communication the ocean. It is a sequence of waves rather than one
system for early detection of natural calamities to single wave and Tsunami can cause devastating
share the inf m with t the people to escape the grave damage to life and property
concern. That's where IoT plays a substantial role. The An intense depression forming over the open and
IoT is a massive network that connects millions of moving toward the land is called a cyclone. The most
devices text-battery powered. But there are ways destructive and severe atmospheric storms on Earth
through text-based communication. are cyclones.
Text-based communications can occur in the absence The occurrence of these disasters slows down the
of internet and the power. Even a low throughput text- development activities of the area.
based emergency service would help improve
coordination speed and efficiency of disaster res and According to the statistics, 60 percent land area of
the availability of such a service may save lives as a India is vulnerable to earthquakes, 68 percent of the
direct consequence land is vulnerable to drought; 12 percent land is
vulnerable to floods, 8 percent land is vulnerable to
cyclones, and there are cities in India that are also
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vulnerable to industrial, chemical and other man-

made disasters.

prevention, preparation, response, and recovery

phases.

The main objective of IoT is machine-to-machine

communication. Internet-based sensor networks have
recently been gaining attention and have widely
spread. Information from the sensors which detect the
disaster is stored on a server through the Internet. In
addition to low cost and high scalability, the major
issues are security, manageability of sensor
information transmission, and wirelessly
deployability of sensors connecting to the Internet.

IoT applications are frequently based on

manufacturing, managing infrastructure, energy and
environment, medical and healthcare, building and
home automation, and transportation and cover wide
areas. The main objective of the research aims in
developing a system that aids in the collection of data
with the help of interconnected modules consisting of
multiple sensors useful for disaster management. This
approach entails the use of several Wi-Fi-enabled
modules that cooperate to share distributed and
heterogeneous resources, data, and functionalities
offered by real-world physical objects like sensors
and actuators

3. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE:
This design has sensors, an RF transmitter, and GSM
Module, and a PIC controller. An angle or tilt sensor
is used to sense the slope angle if there is any
movement in a landslide and it is also used for
tsunami purposes. The measurement of water depth in
the mountains is done using a rain gauge sensor.
Earthquake sensors are used for earthquake purposes.
Soil drift sensor is used for landslides. The sensor's
output will be sent to the PIC controller for additional
processing if any drift or variation happens. The PIC
2. INTERNET OF THINGS AND controller is attached to each of these sensor nodes to
DISASTER MANAGEMENT: collect data. And obtain the information at the
receiver side by LCD displaced. This serves to inform
Excluding the stereotypical use cases for the industry the populace and protect lives and property. Thus this
that it can offer, the Internet of things also has the project is very important as this is used in our real-
power to provide a dire, possibly life-saving, role in time purpose for saving lives and property. This
sensing natural calamities. The smart digital age in design combines GSM wireless communication
which we live today is paving new opportunities to technology and able e to inform quickly to the user or
mutate traditional emergency and disaster operations the responsible authority if the sensor is activated.
and engage with citizens and allies. Though
RF Module Pair (Transmitter and Receiver) 433mhz
innovators now are imposing plans to make advantage
of this technology, the growth of these innovations is The transmitter Module employs a crystal-stabilized
obvious with inspiration. The Internet of things offers oscillator, ensuring accurate frequency control for
ingenious ability in disaster management's best range performance. Apart from the antenna, there
is no demand for extra RF components. RF
transmitter is connected to pin 25 of the PIC
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controller. The transmitter uses a SAW-stabilized 4. SYNOPSIS AND UPCOMING

oscillator to ensure precise frequency management for WORKS:
top performance across the widest possible range.
When run on 12 volts, the transmitter has a 100-meter
range. The range will be 50–60 meters when powered
by 5V. The PIC controller's PIN 26 is used to connect We originally talked about how loTs can be used to
the RF receiver. The range will also depend on forecast natural disasters and circumvent major grave
receiver sensitivity. The signal is transmitted from the concerns in earlier parts. In the section before that, we
transmitter to the receiver using an RF module. GSM also provided an architectural framework for creating
SIM900 5.4.The baud rate can be changed from 9600 the system. Internet-based catastrophe alarm
to 115200 using the AT command. The modem's messages can be processed and sent using sensors,
default setting is Auto baud. With the help of the processors, and controllers. People would learn about
inbuilt TCP/IP stack in this GSM-RS232 modem, you the calamity through this before the media makes an
can use GPRS to connect to the internet. It works well announcement.
with M2M interfaces for SMS and DATA transfer Future work will place a strong emphasis on warning
applications. To connect to a microcontroller or host people even if they don't have sim cards, much like
PC, the modem only needed three wires (Tx, Rx, and 911 calls. To ascertain whether and what revisions
GND), not including the power supply. will be required, the implementation phase and
A wide range of unregulated power supplies (4.2V– comprehensive testing must be completed.
13V) can be connected thanks to the included Low
5. REFERENCES:
Dropout Linear Voltage Regulator, and 5V is placed
in the middle of the range. You will be able to send
SMS using this modem. Frequencies 850 MHz, 900
MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz are used by GSM  IoT and disaster management in India
modems. It has a small dimension and is simple to use InfotechLead
as a plug-in GSM modem. The modem's RS232 Level  http://www.infotechlead.com/iot/iot-
converter hardware enables direct serial port disaster-management-india-41407
connectivity with a Computer.  How the Internet of Things could become a
critical part of disaster response | IT world
Using the IoT concept, a PIC microcontroller-based
 http://www.itworld.com/article/2696507/n
catastrophe management system is created. By
etworking/how-the-internet-of-things-
gathering data from sensors like tilt, earthquake, etc.,
could-become-a-critical-part-of-disaster-
and sending it to a server over the internet, the
response.html
microcontroller serves as a gateway to such devices.
 .How the Internet of Things Is Improving
The administrator has access to the data, and a GSM
Lives and Livelihoods in Developing
module sends an alert message to the administrator in
Countries- Engineering For a change
17 cases of extreme weather. Those who have signed
 https://www.engineeringforchange.org/ho
up for this system will receive warning alert messages
w-the-internet-of-things-is-improving-
as text messages via a mobile app.
lives-and-livelihoods-in-developing-
countries/
 How the internet of things technology
enhances emergency response operations.
Technological Forecasting and Social
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 Without API Management, the Internet of
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ut-api-management-the-internet-of-things-is-
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