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SADGIME

This document contains 15 multi-part math problems to be solved without calculators over 3 hours. The problems involve sequences, polynomials, probabilities, geometry, and number theory. Integer answers between 000-999 are required. No aids beyond writing tools are allowed.

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ghanesh253
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65 views

SADGIME

This document contains 15 multi-part math problems to be solved without calculators over 3 hours. The problems involve sequences, polynomials, probabilities, geometry, and number theory. Integer answers between 000-999 are required. No aids beyond writing tools are allowed.

Uploaded by

ghanesh253
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SADGIME

Written by squareman & JustinLee2017

Testsolved by v4913, bissue, & naman12

Credits to sotpidot & Catsaway for input in testwriting


May 2021

INSTRUCTIONS

DO NOT OPEN THE TEST BOOKLET UNTIL THE TEST HAS BEGUN

1. This is a 15-question, 3-hour examination. All answers are integers ranging from
000 to 999, inclusive. Your score will be the number of correct answers; there is
neither partial credit nor a penalty for wrong answers.

2. No aides other than writing utensils, blank scratch paper, rulers, compasses, and
erasers are permitted. In particular, calculators, calculating devices,
smartphones, smartwatches, or computers are NOT ALLOWED.

3. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

4. Discussion of any aspect of the test is not allowed until submissions are closed
and discussion is opened.

5. Answers should be submitted to the form linked in the original forum post.

1
Problems

1. Define the sequence of integers Vn such that V1 = 5000, V2 = 4999, and


2 1
Vn = b(Vn−1 ) 3 · b(Vn−2 ) 3 cc

for all integers n > 2. Find the last three digits of V1000 .

2. A monic polynomial Q(x) with degree 4 is defined with positive real number
roots a, b, c, and d such that 2a = 3, 6b = 5, 30c = 7, and 210d = 11. Find
bQ(−1)c .

3. There are N numbers that can be represented as the product as three distinct
divisors of
33333333 .
Find the last three digits of N.

4. Let ABCD be a parallelogram such that AC ⊥ AD. Point P exists inside


ABCD such that the distances from P to lines AB, BC, CD, and DA are 5,
7, 7, and 13 respectively. Find the area of parallelogram ABCD.

5. Justin rolls a fair 6 sided die numbered with the integers 1 through 6
repeatedly until he rolls the same number on three consecutive rolls, at which
point he stops. Given that his first roll is a 6, the probability that his last roll
is a 6 is pq for coprime positive integers p, q. Find p + q.

6. Cherri walks from the bottom left square to the top right square of a 99 × 99
square grid, taking any one of the possible routes with equal probability. She
leaves a trail of integers tracing her path. First, she places 1 in her starting
square. On her nth step, she travels one unit right or one unit up to reach a
new square and places n + 1 in this new square for all integers 1 ≤ n ≤ 196;
provided that she ends on the top right square. Find the expected value of
the sum of the integers Cherri places in the middle row of the grid.

7. Points A, B, C, D, E, F lie on the coordinate plane such that ABCDEF is a


regular hexagon and A, B, C, D lie on the parabola y = 4x2 . The
√
area of
a b
triangle EF O, where O is the origin, can be represented as c such that
gcd(a, c) = 1 and b is squarefree. Find a + b + c.
8. Find the number of sequences of positive integers a1 , a2 , . . . , a14 such that
a1 = 1, 11 divides a14 , and for all integers 1 ≤ n ≤ 13, an+1 may be
constructed by starting with either the integer an or the integer an + 1,
concatenating the digit 0 at the right, followed by an instance of the integer
an at the right. (For example, a2 may either be 101 or 201.)
9. Let ABCD be a trapezoid with AB k DC. Let P be the intersection of AC
and BD, and E and F be the projections from P to BC and AD,
respectively. Let M be the midpoint of EF and O be the circumcenter of
4P DC. If ∠DAC = 50◦ , ∠DBC = 60◦ , and ∠AP B = 70◦ , determine the
degree measure of the obtuse angle M P O.
10. Define the function ω(n) = ki=1 (ai − ai ai+1 ) for all positive integers n, given
P
that n can be written as a1 a2 a3 . . . ak in base 2 where a1 6= 0, and ak+1 is
defined as a1 . For example,
ω(26) = ω(110102 ) = (1 − 1 · 1) + (1 − 1 · 0) + (0 − 0 · 1) + (1 − 1 · 0) + (0 − 0 · 1) = 2.
Find the last three digits of the sum

4100
X
ω(i).
i=1

11. Let x, y, and z be real numbers satisfying y − x − z = xyz. The maximum


value of the expression
2 2 3
P= − 2 + 2
x2 +1 y +1 z +1
p
can be written as q
for coprime positive integers p and q. Find p + q.
12. Define acute triangle ABC with orthocenter H such that AB = 8. Let P be a
point on segment AB and let D and E be the circumcenters of 4AP C and
4BP C respectively. Point F 6= C lies on P C such that CDF E is cyclic. If
CD bisects ∠P CH, DE = 5, and F P = 1, CP can be written as pq for
coprime positive integers p, q. Find p + q.
13. Define ω(n) to be the smallest prime greater than n for all positive integers n.
Define the sequence A0 = 1, A1 = 1, and An = An−1 An−2 · (ω(An−1 )) for all
integers n ≥ 2. Suppose the integer
A512
Q169 2
i=0 (A3i+1 A3i+2 )

has N positive divisors. Find the remainder when the sum of the not
necessarily distinct prime factors of N is divided by 1000.
14. Define circle ω1 centered at point O with diameter AB. Define circle ω2 with
diameter OB. Point P lies on the tangent to ω1 at B, and AP intersects ω2 at
points C and D. Points E and F are chosen on ω1 such that E, F, P are
collinear and lines ED, F C, and AB concur at a point Q. If AE is tangent to
the circumcircle of EF Q and AB = 4, F D2 can be written as pq for coprime
positive integers p, q. Find p + q.

15. Determine the number of permutations P1 , P2 , . . . P21 of the integers 1, 2, . . . 21


exist such that P1 = 1, and for any integer 2 ≤ n ≤ 19, at least one of the
following is true:

• Pn + Pn+1 > 2Pn+2 .


• One of Pn and Pn+1 equals 2, and at least one of Pn−1 + Pn and
Pn−1 + Pn+1 is greater than 2Pn+2 .

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