M I P S Reference Data 0 0

A RITHMETIC CORE INSTRUCTION SET OPCODE

/FMT /FT
FOR- /FUNCT
NAME, MNEMONIC MAT OPERATION (Hex)
CORE INSTRUCTION SET OPCODE Branch OnFP True belt FI if(FPcond)PC=PC+4+BranchAddr (4) 11/8/1/--
FOR- /FUNCT Branch OnFPFalse bclf FI if(!FPcond)PC=PC+4+BranchAddr(4) 11/8/0/--
NAME, MNEMONIC MAT OPERATION (in Verilog) (Hex) Divide div R Lo=R[rs]/R[rt]; Hi=R[rs]%R[rt] 0/--/--/l a
Add actct R R[rd] = R[rs] + R[rt] (I) 0 I 20hex Divide Unsigned divu R Lo=R[rs]/R[rt]; Hi=R[rs]%R[rt] (6) 0/--/--/l b
F P Add Single add.s FR F[fd ]=F[fs] +F[ft] 11/10/--/0
Add Immediate addi I R[rt] = R[rs] + SignExtlmm (1, 2) 8hex FP Add {F[fd],F[fd+l]} = {F[fs],F[fs+l]} +
add.ct FR 11/11/--/0
Add Imm. Unsigned addiu R[rt] = R[rs] + SignExtlmm (2) 9hex Double {F[ft],F[ft+l ]}
Add Unsigned addu R R[rd] = R[rs] + R[rt] O I 2 l hex FP Compare Single c.x.s* FR FPcond = (F[fs] op F[ft])? I : 0 11/10/--/y
FP Compare FPcond = ( {F[fs],F[fs+l]} op
And and R R[rd] = R[rs] & R[rt] O I 24hex c.x.d* FR 11/11/--/y
Double {F[ft],F[ft+l]})? I: 0
And Immediate andi R[rt] = R[rs] & ZeroExtlmm (3) *(xis eq, 1 t, or le) (op is ==, <, or <=) ( y is 32, 3c, or 3e)
if(R[rs]==R[rt]) FP Divide Single div.s FR F[fd] =F[fs] IF[ft] 11/10/--/3
Branch On Equal beq FP Divide
PC=PC+4+BranchAddr (4) div.ct FR {F[fd],F[fd+l]} {F[fs],F[fs+l]} I
=
11/11/--/3
if(R[rs]! =R[rt]) Double {F[ft],F[ft+l]}
Branch On Not Equaibne FP Multiply Single mul.s FR F[fd] =F[fs] * F[ft] 11/10/--/2
PC=PC +4+BranchAddr (4)
FP Multiply F[fd+l ]} = {F[fs],F[fs+l ]} *
Jump PC=JumpAddr (5) mul.d FR {F[fd], 11/11/--/2
Double {F[ft],F[ft+I]}
Jump And Link j al R[31]=PC+8;PC=JumpAddr (5) FP Subtract Single sub.s FR F[fd]=F[fs] -F[ft] 11/10/--/1
Jump Register jr FP Subtract
R PC=R[rs] PC + 4 sub.ct FR {F[fd],F[fd+l]) {F[fs],F[fs+l]}
=
11/l l /--/l
R[rt]={ 24'b0,M[R[rs] Double {F[ft],F[ft+l]}
Load Byte Unsigned lbu LoadFP Single lwcl F[rt]=M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] (2) 311--/--1--
+SignExtlmm ](7:0)} (2)
Load Halfword R[rt]= { 16'b0, M[R[rs] LoadFP F[rt]=M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm]; (2)
lhu 25hex ldcl 35/--/--/--
Unsigned +SignExtlmm](15:0)} (2) Double F[rt+1]=M[R[rs ]+SignExtimm+4]
MoveFrom Hi mfhi R R[rd] = Hi 0 /--1--110
Load Linked 11 R[rt] = M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] (2,7) 30hex
MoveFrom Lo mflo R R[rd] = Lo 0 /--/--/12
Load Upper Imm. lui R[rt] = { imm, 16'b0} fhex MoveFrom Control mfcO R R[rd] = CR[rs] 10 /0/--/0
Load Word lw R[rt] = M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] (2) 23hex Multiply mult R { Hi, Lo} = R[rs] * R[rt] 0/--/--/18
Nor R R[rd] = - (R[rs] I R[rt]) O I 27hex Multiply Unsigned multu R { Hi;Lo} = R[rs] * R[rt] (6) 0/--/--119
Shift Right Arith. R R[rd] = R[rt] »> shamt 0/--/--/3
Or R R[rd] = R[rs] I R[rt] O I 25hex swcl
StoreFP Single M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] =F[rt] (2) 39/--/--/--
Or Immediate ori R[rt] = R[rs] I ZeroExtlmm (3) dhex StoreFP M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] =F[rt]; (2)
sdcl 3d/--/--/--
Set Less Than sl t R R[rd] = (R[rs] < R[rt])? I : 0 O I 2ahex Double M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm+4] =F[rt+l]
Set Less Than Imm. slti R[rt] = (R[rs] < SignExtlmm)? I : 0 (2) ahex FLOATING-POINT INSTRUCTION FORMATS
Set Less Than Imm. R[rt] = (R[rs] < SignExtimm) bhex FR I opcode I fmt I ft I fs fd f�
sl tiu
Unsigned ?I:0 (2,6) 31 26 25 21 20 16 15 II IO 65 0
Set Less Than Unsig. slt u R R[rd] = (R[rs] < R[rt])? I : 0 (6) 0 I 2bhex FI I opcode I fmt ft immediate
Shift Left Logical s11 R R[rd] = R[rt] « shamt O I OOhex 31 26 25 21 20 16 15
Shift Right Logical sr 1 R R[rd] = R[rt] » shamt O I 02hex PSEUDOINSTRUCTION SET
M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm](7:0) = NAME MNEMONIC OPERATION
Store Byte sb
R[rt](7:0) (2) Branch Less Than blt if(R[rs]<R[rt]) PC = Label
M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] = R[rt]; Branch Greater Than bgt if(R[rs]>R[rt]) PC = Label
Store Conditional Branch Less Than or Equal ble if(R[rs]<=R[rt]) PC = Label
R[rt] =(atomic)? I : 0 (2,7)
M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm](l5:0) = Branch Greater Than or Equal bge if(R[rs]>=R[rt]) PC = Label
Store Halfword sh 29hex Load Immediate li R[rd] = immediate
R[rt](15:0) (2)
Move move R[rd] = R[rs]
Store Word M[R[rs]+SignExtlmm] = R[rt] (2) 2b hex
REGISTER NAME, NUMBER, USE, CALL CONVENTION
Subtract sub R R[rd] = R[rs] - R[rt] {!) 0 I 22hex
PRESERVED ACROS S
Subtract Unsigned subu R R[rd] = R[rs] - R[rt] O I 23hex NAME NUMBER USE
A CALL?
(I) May cause overflow exception $zero 0 The Constant Value O N.A.
(2) SignExtlmm { 16{ immediate[15]}, immediate }
=
$at I Assembler Temporary No
(3) ZeroExtlmm = { 16{ lb'O}, immediate }
Values forFunction Results
(4) BranchAddr = { 14{ immediate[15]}, immediate, 2'b0 } $v0-$vl 2-3 No
and Expression Evaluation
(5) JumpAddr = { PC+4[31:28], address, 2'b0 }
(6) Operands considered unsigned numbers (vs. 2's comp.) $a0-$a3 4-7 Arguments No
(7) Atomic test&set pair; R[rt] = I if pair atomic, 0 if not atomic $t0-$t7 8-15 Temporaries No
$s0-$s7 16-23 Saved Temporaries Yes
BASIC INSTRUCTION FORMATS
R I 3I
opcode I rs I rt I rd I shamt I funct
$t8-$t9
$k0-$ki
24-25 Temporaries
26-27 Reserved for OS Kernel
No
No
26 25 21 20 16 15 11 10 65
$gp 28 Global Pointer Yes
[ opcode I rs I rt immediate $sp 29 Stack Pointer Yes

I
31 26 25 21 20 16 15
$fp Frame Pointer Yes
I
30
J �code address $ra 31 Return Address Yes
31 26 25 0
Copyright 2009 by Elsevier, Inc., All rights reserved.From Patterson and Hennessy, Computer Organization and Design, 4th ed.