Scribd
Upload
14 views

Resource Allocation - 082920

This document discusses resource management techniques for project scheduling. It covers identifying resource constraints, developing resource loading tables to detect overallocation, applying leveling heuristics to smooth demand over time, and managing resources across multiple projects. The key steps are to create activity networks, develop resource tables, level resources to resolve conflicts, and prioritize activities based on slack, duration, start time or other factors when leveling project schedules. Managing resources effectively is important for on-time project completion.

Uploaded by

1993richardk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Resource Allocation - 082920

This document discusses resource management techniques for project scheduling. It covers identifying resource constraints, developing resource loading tables to detect overallocation, applying leveling heuristics to smooth demand over time, and managing resources across multiple projects. The key steps are to create activity networks, develop resource tables, level resources to resolve conflicts, and prioritize activities based on slack, duration, start time or other factors when leveling project schedules. Managing resources effectively is important for on-time project completion.

Uploaded by

1993richardk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

BY
ALBERT AGYEI, PHD, CA
Learning Objectives
1 Recognize the variety of constraints that can affect a project,
making scheduling and planning difficult.
2 Understand how to apply resource-loading techniques to
project schedules to identify potential resource overallocation
situations.
3 Apply resource-leveling procedures to project activities over
the baseline schedule using appropriate prioritization heuristics.
4 Follow the steps necessary to effectively smooth resource
requirements across the project life cycle.
5 Apply resource management within a multiproject environment.
Types of Constraints

• Physical
• Time
• Resource
• Mixed
Table 12.2 Activity Precedence Table

Activity Description Duration Predecessors Member Assigned


A Assign Bids 5 days None Tom
B Document Awards 5 days A Jeff
C Calculate Costs 5 days A Jeff
D Select Winning Bid 1 days B,C Sue
Develop PR
E 4 days D Carol
Campaign
Sample Activity Network with Conflicts
Resource Usage Table Demonstrating
Overallocation
Resource Loading

The amount of individual resources a schedule


requires during specific time periods.
• Once the Work Breakdown Structure and activity
networks are developed, create the resource loading
form (or resource usage calendar)
• The resource usage table shows:
– Project team members
– Tasks they are assigned to
– Time each activity is expected to take
Resource Usage Table
Example of Resource Usage Table with
Overallocation
Resource Leveling

A process that address the complex challenges of


project constraints (AKA resource smoothing).

Objectives:
• To determine the resource requirements so that they will
be available at the right time
• To allow each activity to be scheduled with the
smoothest possible transition across resource usage
levels
Resource Leveling Heuristics for
Prioritizing Allocation
1. Activities with the smallest amount of slack. The decision rule is
to select for resource priority those activities with the smallest
amount of slack time.
2. Activities with the smallest duration. Tasks are ordered from
smallest duration to largest, and resources are prioritized
accordingly
3. Activities with the lowest activity identification number. (e.g.,
those that start earliest in the WBS). This heuristic suggests that,
when in doubt, it is better to apply resources to earlier tasks first.
4. Activities with the most successor tasks. We select for resource
priority those tasks that have the most tasks following behind them
5. Activities requiring the most resources. It is common to first
apply resources to those activities requiring the most support, and
then analyze the remaining tasks based on the availability of
additional resources.
General Procedure for Resource Leveling

1. Create a project activity network diagram.


2. Develop resource loading table.
3. Determine activity late finish dates.
4. Identify resource overallocation.
5. Level the resource loading table.
Construct a Resource-Loading Chart
To construct a time-limited resource-loading chart for resource
scheduling, there are six main steps to follow:
1. Create activity network.
2. Produce table for each activity, resource requirements, duration,
early start time, slack, and late finish time.
3. List activities in order of increasing slack.
4. Draw an initial resource-loading chart with each activity scheduled
at its earliest start time.
5. Rearrange activities within their slack to create a profile that is as
level as possible.
6. Use judgment to interpret and improve activity leveling.
Figure 12.17 Sample Project Network
Creating Resource Loading Charts:
Resource Staffing
Table 12.7 Resource Staffing (Hourly Units) Required for Each Activity

Activity Resource Duration Early Start Slack Late Finish


A 6 4 0 0 4
B 2 1 4 0 5
C 2 3 4 4 11
D 7 4 5 0 9
E 3 2 9 0 11
F 6 1 11 0 12
Resource-Loading Chart
Figure 12.18 Resource-Loading Chart for Sample Project
Figure 12.19 Modified Resource-Loading
Chart When Splitting Task C
Managing Resources in Multiproject
Environments
• Schedule Slippage
• Resource Utilization
• In-Process Inventory
• Resolving Resource Decisions in Multiproject Environments
– First In Line
– Greatest Resource Demand
– Greatest Resource Utilization
– Minimum Late Finish Time
– Mathematical Programming

You might also like