Question Bank

Topic 1 Planet Earth Mastering Chemistry

Suggested answers to in-text activities and unit-end exercises

Topic 1 Unit 4

Practice
P4.1 (page 85)
a) calcium carbonate heat calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
→

calcium oxide + water  calcium hydroxide

b) The solid flakes and expands and eventually crumbles.
c) Adding more water

P4.2 (page 91)

Limewater reacted with carbon dioxide in the air to give calcium carbonate.
calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide  calcium carbonate + water

Discussion(page 85)
Carry out a flame test on eggshells.
A brick-red flame is observed, showing that eggshells contain calcium.
Add dilute hydrochloric acid to eggshells.
Effervescence occurs, showing that eggshells contain carbonate.

Decision Making(page 87)

Advantages
• Provides jobs
• Provides essential raw material
• Boosts local economy
Disadvantages
• Noisy
• Dusty / smoke
• Extra traffic on roads
• Damages tourist industry
• Affects quality of life for local people
• Adverse effect of property values
• Quarry land cannot be used for farming
• Destroys original landscape
• Damages natural habitats

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 Question Bank
Topic 1 Planet Earth Mastering Chemistry

Unit Exercise (pages 94 – 100)

1 a) physical
b) heating
c) carbon
d) electrolysis
e) calcium carbonate
f) slaked lime / calcium hydroxide
g) carbon dioxide
h) milky

2 A

3 C silver oxide heat silver + oxygen

→

Oxygen relights a glowing splint.

4 D Magnesium is extracted by electrolysis of its molten ore.

5 A

6 C

7 C Heat is released when water is added to a lump of calcium oxide.

8 D On heating, calcium hydrogencarbonate decomposes to form calcium oxide, carbon

dioxide and water vapour.

9 B

10 D

11 B (3) calcium carbonate + dilute hydrochloric acid  Calcium chloride + water +

carbon dioxide

12 A (2) Slaked lime is calcium hydroxide.

13 C

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Topic 1 Planet Earth Mastering Chemistry

14 B (2) Quicklime is calcium oxide. It does NOT produce carbon dioxide when heated
strongly

15 B (2) Mixing aqueous solution of silver nitrate with sea water gives a white precipitate,
silver chloride.

16 D (1) sea water electrolysis chlorine gas + hydrogen gas + sodium hydroxide solution
→

(2) calcium carbonate heat calcium oxide + carbon dioxide gas

→

(3) silver oxide heat silver + oxygen gas

→

17 a)
Metal Extraction method
Aluminium electrolysis of molten ore (1)
Gold panning (1)
Iron heating with carbon (1)
Mercury heating alone (1)

b) zinc oxide + carbon  zinc + carbon dioxide (1)

18 a) i) calcium carbonate  calcium oxide + carbon dioxide (1)

ii) Carbon dioxide gas escapes. (1)

b) calcium oxide + water  calcium hydroxide (1)

19 a) i) Chalk / limestone / marble (1)

ii) The other product is a gas. / Carbon dioxide escapes. (1)

b) calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid  calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide

(1)

20 When carbon dioxide gas was passed into limewater, the limewater turned milky due to the
formation of insoluble white calcium carbonate. (1)
calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide  calcium carbonate + water (1)
Then the limewater became clear because the white calcium carbonate reacted with carbon
dioxide gas and water to form a solution of calcium hydrogencarbonate. (1)
calcium carbonate + carbon dioxide + water  calcium hydrogencarbonate (1)

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Topic 1 Planet Earth Mastering Chemistry

21 a) Test: a flame test (1)

Results: Copper(II) chloride gives a bluish green flame.
Potassium chloride gives a lilac flame. (1)

b) Test: Add dilute hydrochloric acid to each substance. (1)

Results: Magnesium carbonate gives effervescence.
Magnesium chloride gives no observable change. (1)

22 Many sea creatures have shells, teeth or other parts made from calcium carbonate. When they
die, their remains settle to the sea bed. (1)
Over millions of years, sediment builds up on top of the layers of remains. The bottom layers
are subjected to pressure and heat, and changed into chalk. (1)
Earth movements may also cause the chalk to sink further. Higher pressure and heat cause the
chalk to turn into much harder limestone. (1)
Buried limestone that is caught in an active part of the Earth’s crust can suffer huge increases
in pressure and temperature. These can turn the limestone into a very hard rock — marble. (1)
Communication mark (1)

23 a) i) Clean a nichrome wire. Dip the wire into concentrated hydrochloric acid and then
hold it in a non-luminous flame. (1)
Moisten the clean wire by dipping it into the acid again. Dip it into the solid sample.
(1)
Hold the wire in the hottest part of a non-luminous flame and observe the colour of
the flame. (1)
Communication mark (1)
ii) Brick-red (1)

b) i) Carbon dioxide (1)

ii) Pass the gas into limewater. (1)
Limewater turns milky. (1)

24 a) Any one of the following:

• The church has disappeared / reduced in size. (1)
• The cliff has fallen / The sea is nearer to the church. (1)

b) Carbon dioxide / sulphur dioxide (1)

25 a) i) potassium is present (1)

ii) no effervescence occurs (1)

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Topic 1 Planet Earth Mastering Chemistry

iii) chloride is present (1)

b) Potassium chloride (1)

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