Mapua University

School of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering

Muralla St. Intramuros, Manila, Philippines

Experiment 1:
Familiarization with Electrical Measuring Instruments

Submitted by:

Brosoto, Christian Lorenz S. 2022104523

EEA101L/E06

September 17, 2023

Submitted to:

Engr. Marianne Sejera

1. To determine the characteristics and proper connection of common electrical measuring

devices.

2. To be able to learn how to read measurements of basic electrical measuring devices.

3. To become familiar with the basic circuit training kit and learn the proper connection of

the trainer kit devices.

Laboratory Equipment

Quantity Apparatus

1 pc Circuit 1 trainer kit (EEC471-2 and EEC470)

1 pc Circuit 1 trainer power supply (Feedback Power supply PS445)

1pc Analog D.C. milliammeter (100mA dc)

1 pc Analog D.C. Voltmeter (20V dc)

1 pc Electronic V.O.M.

1 set Connecting wires

1. Using your downloaded Tina Pro, follow the circuit diagram below (Fig. 1)

Fig. 1

2. Provide screenshot of your own circuit in TinaPro in Fig. 2 (with Vs=5V) and R as in Table 1

Fig. 2
Table 1

R (TRIAL 1)

50

70

102

120

144

203

75

90

125

156

209

221

107

127

142

208

227
 Table 2

TRIALS VL IL PL GIVEN RL VL/IL PL/IL2 vL2/PL

1 5V 41.67mA 0.208W 120Ω 119.99 119.79 120.19

2 5V 35.71mA 0.179W Trial 1 + 20Ω 140.02 140.37 139.66

3 5V 33.33mA 0.167W Trial 1 + 30Ω 150.02 150.33 149.70

4 5V 29.41mA 0.147W Trial 1 + 50Ω 170.01 169.95 170.07

5 5V 26.32mA 0.132W Trial 1 + 70Ω 189.97 190.55 189.39

6 5V 23.81mA 0.119W Trial 1 + 90Ω 210.00 209.91 210.08

7 5V 22.73mA 0.114W Trial 1 + 100Ω 219.97 220.65 219.30

8 5V 21.74mA 0.109W Trial 1 + 110Ω 229.99 230.63 229.36

9 5V 20.83mA 0.104W Trial 1 + 120Ω 240.04 239.69 240.38

10 5V 19.23mA 0.096W Trial 1 + 140Ω 260.01 259.60 260.42

3. Record all the meter readings (VL and IL) in Table 2 for each trial. Complete the table by computing the
power PL= VL x IL and the rest of the other columns.

VL = voltage measured by voltmeter V

IL = current measured by ammeter A

*Include screenshots for VL and IL measurements in Fig. 3a (using Analysis > DC Analysis > Calculate nodal
voltages), in Fig. 3b (using Analysis > Analysis > Table of DC Results), in Fig. 3c (T&M > Multimeter >DC
voltmeter), in Fig. 3d (T&M > Multimeter >DC ammeter)

Fig. 3a
Fig. 3b

Fig. 3c
Fig. 3d
Questions and Problems

1. Describe the type of meter movement used in analog meters.

2. What device is used to extend the range of a DC ammeter and how is it connected to the basic

meter?

3. What device is used to extend the range of a DC voltmeter and how is it connected to the basic

meter?

4. Why is it necessary that an ammeter be a low resistance instrument? Why must a voltmeter be

a high resistance instrument?

5. What type of basic meter is configured as a wattmeter?

6. Two 150V voltmeters are being compared; meter A has 5K𝛺/V while meter B has a total meter

resistance of 750K𝛺. Which is the more sensitive meter? Why?

7. What current is required for full scale deflection of a galvanometer having a current sensitivity

of 50𝜇A per scale division? The meter has exactly 50 divisions on either side of the mid-scale

index.

8. What potential difference appears across the galvanometer described in problem 6 when the

pointer is fully deflected? The meter resistance is 10𝛺.

9. Determine the series resistance needed to convert a galvanometer to a voltmeter reading 15V

on full scale deflection if a current of 2.5mA causes full scale deflection and the resistance of the

coil is 10Ω.
10. Determine the shunt resistance needed to convert a galvanometer to an ammeter with a full

scale reading of 10A if the scale requires 2.5mA to cause full deflection with a coil resistance of

10𝛺.

Answers:

1. Analog meters, such as analog voltmeters and ammeters, often employ a sort of meter

movement known as a "moving-coil meter movement" or a "d'Arsonval movement." This style

of movement is extensively used in analog meters due to its precision, simplicity, and reliability.

2. A device that enables the majority of the current to bypass the ammeter and travel

through the shunt resistor, resulting in a voltage decrease proportional to the measured current.

This device is known as a "shunt resistor" and is a low-resistance resistor connected in parallel

with the ammeter. Connect the second terminal of the DC ammeter to the current-carrying side of

the circuit. In this configuration, the ammeter is in series with the multiplier resistance and the

circuit.

3. The device used to extend the range of a DC voltmeter is called a multiplier resistor

(resistors connected in series). A resistor must be added in series to adjust its voltage of the

circuit without affecting its current.

4. In order to ensure accurate readings when measuring current and voltage in a circuit, it is

important to consider the resistance of the instruments used. An ammeter, which measures the

flow of current through a circuit, should have low resistance to avoid affecting the current being

measured. Conversely, a voltmeter, which measures the voltage across a component, should have

high resistance to avoid drawing current away from the component being measured. Utilizing

Ohm's law can provide a mathematical understanding of these principles. Specifically, an

circuit, while a voltmeter that draws current away from a component would provide a lower

voltage reading than the actual amount. By considering these factors, accurate measurements can

be obtained, providing valuable insights into the operation of electrical circuits.

5. A wattmeter is a type of basic meter that is used to measure electrical power in a circuit.

Watt meters are intended to measure the true power (in watts) consumed by a load in an

alternating current (AC) circuit. There are various varieties of watt meters, but the

Electrodynamometer Wattmeter is the most prevalent.

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Attachments