Reading and Use of English Paper 1 Part 4 Training Usetllnguage: cllocations 1 make: a mistake anos, fiends, fun, progress, nots. time Fae: pra shower fa ime, ek jb, ends Spr shopping, swimming. skins ding fake apo, the Beak ots howe: time job th: pets sone homework, ajo, the dishes ‘Stagesed anners oad: uk coffe suggestion. dessin, a pone cal have an acide shock, an ea, a meeting foreyeling. sing bing. climbing fake an exam, the trun, dechon, 8 £008 the coking, serch, an English couse acroswoed Suggeted answers et thereon ab opponent cape, the ai Sct cold atin Bsa gps ‘Sm: money, espe sala. living Fr: he recor, han, a meting cence eo te change secret, di. 8 promise lose ajob, mone}, a game, interest rms: the tthe pot an oppor. end pps: a eam, et the sal te ball Play the piano, a oe, cats, ens ‘Sete money energy, penalty Sper ime, money, the might fortune Snare, supper, match make 0 Zea + win 3spend-thave lowe miss Spse-ohive catch > take Twon beat 8iuke + do Stake play 10 ave + Keep ofa wate, care, jealows ‘depend rely, heen, aoe ‘Snmerestd, involved, sueced, belong ‘Sagi, belong. ound, object ‘apse, belong. pleased fla, involved Sregesed answers ad: for respon wal, known ‘capable, approve proud ‘on: insist, cme, based in re specialise, lacking te: wed, posed, sensitive is dap, sits, popular SI 2¢ 3B 4A SC 6D 7A 8B 9D Exam practice Advice beyond 2hnown 3m” and to" Garaly Treched Boome up with Exam task 1 De only ang” and “beyon” can be used diet before a nous Plas, and heyond” has he comet meaning of rsd” “om the ‘terse we high Sesuinated 2 Be inown as means ‘alle by that ame" in his case "space junk 23D range’ completes the tact “om, 4A high completes the comme collocation “high pee 5 Ce both ‘supposed and “sina can be followed bythe perfect nitive, bat oepposed i for somthing tht should have pened bt dd mt {6 Bs none ofthe thers cleat with “increased 17 the only one ofthese wars that collactes wih “apeemen” and ‘ons reach {8 Conky ‘come up with colloctes with “aupestion Part 2 Training ‘Useful language: relative pronouns and tinking expressions 1 twho 2which Swhoe vben Swhere that 7hat sie 2 Lywhose + who 2which + when Bcomect Aho + which ‘Swhich + whol Ghat» when T what hat” 8 which Where Somect 1DAhat > which whose 2who Swhen where S which 6 whose Then Bi whichte 4 llton as wet a, besides in aii to ‘enon: provide hat) unless, a ang ‘omit alow, despite he fact thd, (an) ye, bough whereas, ‘wl, even though, in spac of, evens, however pumps: nde ys, onder tt, 0 a 0 even: because of om acco of, du Yo (the at tha) owing, Since, incase Toccase of 2unkess incase 450 as 5 inorder hat Sowing to 7Even though Baince BAF 10 in spiteot akdtion 3yevevenso spite though ecaise Bolin orderto 10 unless 12 balthoughneaghieven though 6 account Gaelowing 7 well Tews gh’ 10 ai 13 despite the fac that 16 i avour of Exam task 1 anes: second paragraphs: history: st paragraph 29 thoughwhen: though’ completes the link ‘even hough’ which tama the es inthe two pare he sentence "Who iva possible 10 it: competes the expression as which er is se 10 ‘sv saying "andthe Aries chewed ga 1 “ani completes it wasn't uni Maas) 1S whee 1 ail: “ni” connpletes then expression it was’ uni Th informal il rao possible 12 when: re, “when fa eave pronoun that refers hick to 18 despite: itcompletes the link “despite he ft tha whieh onthe Mein he two parts ofthe sentence 14a regard is often followed by the preposition “ae Topather they men considered 15 where: “where? aelative pronoun which here refers back o 1 in‘ competes the expression “in favour of. ere meaing sirvotig or apgeing Answer Key &transeript | 183,Part 3 Training Useful language: word formation 1 azbiesas a ‘er | nouns) adjectives) [adverbis) ‘somfort | comfon), ‘ompeomfoable | (un)eomoraiy discemforis) 7 employ |employeets, Conemployed | ‘employers, (amemployabie {eshemployrent Tape | hops) Topetl, pelos | hopefily hopelessly | nosetsjnoksines | noisyievesd, | ais, oiseles rises Tose [sh keri) [tot oning —_[ X___[ wince), seintsts) | (anjcenuifie | uneentcally rete | eatne) reltions¥ | relative, lated | relatively relationships) susad | sueeste) ‘woanccesfal | ambacceatlly 2 employee — person employed, employer ~ person who employs peopl, employment paid works employe having «pa job, tmpleyable able od pid work; hopetal ~ Feeling poiive shout a fture event, hopeless ~not kel t suseed 0 improve: hopeflly~ ina poscive way: hopelessly —in a negative way noise = sound, noisiness~a lot of nose: noisy ~ people or tings tit ‘make a nose, isles sien; nosly making a kt of ibe ‘vie doing something, noiselessy~ silently lose something Ji loser = person whe loses Tos — ot found br not wo, king — player or team that loses: science ~ the schoo! subject oe academic ‘iscipline, scientist ~ person who studies or works in slences relate and elation family member, relation — connection between two things elitionship ~the way people fel and behave towards eachother: relative compared wo, elated ~ connected 32 scieatiss 3noisy unemployment hopeless ‘Goncomforuble Tunsuscessful”# oss 4 Loosing losing (spelling) 2 unemployments > unemployment (Gingulniplura "3 inacceptale > unacceptable (fix) Feviences evidence (singularplaral) 5 relation -> relationship (ais) scientific» seit (opeling) 7 disagree» disagreement (fix) ® hopeful» hope (spelling) 9 unrepuarly > iregula (axes) 10 Employecrs > Employers (peling/tfix) Advice 17 The eis dropped. 1B negative _ 19 over + "come" 20 The final ‘eis dropped. 24 plural 22 They" changes to. 28 “on tovual! Dé the ing* fora Exam task 1 aca, men” 2 17 imoductons: a plural noun is needed. The “eis dropped the sufi "ton" ands re ade, 18 impolite: the negative prefix “im i added. 19 overcome: ‘over is added to “eam o form a compound verb that collocates with problem’ 20 observation: singular noun s eee. The inal es dropped fd the six ation” ade. 184 | Answer Key & transcript 21 characterises: «noun is required. The sai isis is asi rust be plural beens two characteris are mentioned bis foreheais’ and nartow eyebrow) 22 varity: singular noun msaning “ange” need. The ‘changes o's andthe sls “lis ade 28 visual am adjective is needed. To form ition’ changes ta ‘Db ensuring: the prefix ‘en sade to form the ver er ‘reposition, the ing form is require. fut the fnal “rus iste dropped Part 4 Training Useful language: hey word transformations 11 verbs: enjoy suggest, avoid + admit nish, cant stand prepositions: without ater. despite + abou, upon. against tworpart (and three-part) verb: cary on. give up puto +e keep, end up ‘expressions io we, there's no point (in) 6 not woh pleased about, capable of goat 2 verbs: dave, expect, plan + promise, fe theaten ‘ets + object: lp someone, want something, ell someone + allow someone sk someone each someone adjectives likely eas pleased + possible, dificult, disappinel 3 2 listening wo mae in tennis unt Saturday, school ther stop, Forget. try + remember, mean 20 on yeevening. Stobelate again, 4 plang ‘Sstaying hee, 6 feling il, wen Trocome tomy party. Blo call Emma 3 Ltohave having 2wriing rw write Sto place + ping bearing *tohear Stouse > using to open > opening Tseeing +10 see 8to light + lighting Belling + tue to have seen > seeing 4 Suggested ansvers: ‘ight have done/might not ave done, may have done/may ate ‘done could ave done/could not could) have done, shoul he ‘done/nould ot (should) have Jone. ugh to have Joon ne {oughta te have done, must have done Cr had oda hve will have donewill pot (won't) have done, needed to have dove needed 1 dovneed not (need) ave Joe (or dd tid] ek todo), cant ave done 5 Zhave(ve) been Snothave told shave got Shave boon have got up 7 not (n't) have sent in B10 have told 6 should have begun 2 might have been 3 should stat oui reverhave Sdki aot have to Gshould have been 7 did't nse ould’ have Advice 28 found” 26°put off” 27 the infinitive changes to the ~ing form 28 have been + past puticple 29°it wasn't Becomes "De swan no" 30d have! Exam task 25 found it difcuk | to understand: the noun “difficulty” becomes the jective “dificult, hich follows Tound i, The next verb cans: ftom the -ing form to the" inte 26 tas ben puto: the phrasal verh “put off” means pose rst be usin the passive Yor, alo inthe present pert 27 no intention of | (ever speaking: ve got no intention’, spesial ‘with ‘ever means the same as Tm never eoing Are ‘repositon "othe inform ofthe ver i se28 must have | been stare: if something inthe pest ‘seems certain’. ‘we ean use “must have’. Th objet ofthe fist sentence has become the subject ofthe second, a the passive form ‘must have been’ + ‘ast paticipl is used. 29 there wis | 0 point in: i's not posible to use “it asa’ with ‘points theetctre fas be “there was no point in 230 din’ have to Hook: the negative past form of ‘have to! means “wasn't necessary to", Kis followed bythe infinitive form of the verb Part 5 Training Reading for gist; dealing with distraction 1 Lan extrct from a novel 2to collect a package 2 Asverin autumn the darkening sky D, He thought bout taking ts. nfequeat they were B, Thre vas hardly anyone around 8, “Hi he ai, bat thee was eel / when he gave them a wave. C ‘nay anyone” contradicts “many people" Bs ‘emembered how infrequent they were” indicates this was ‘normal (it didn't surprise him) C: There were two ‘unica’ reactions, and Liam says “it doesn't feel like it Ge, his home town} any more" He recognised” the four teenagers and "was sure he know the young couple so e would be Surprised that they didn’t eply or looked away. Di Ie says “As ever’, st was no surprise. 3 As He dida’t want to be there a moment longer than necesary ‘contradicts the statement impatiently", "i you can give me the package, I'l be on smiy way” and ‘He dh’t want to be there a moment fonger than ‘ccessty”~ all help to show that B is comest Cr Had the plan perhaps become so ambitious that it had seared him off? Carson might be afraid, not Liam i "he was sight on ime’ conrad the statement Exam practice Advice 31 unhappy 32 “Tuning back ino. “Claire worked out 433 her parents M4 She docsn't epi to that comment, but she is fnmoyed. 35 “anew work asignment’ 36 It seemed 08d 10 Claire Exam task P31. Comoctansiter:B: Clare knows Ruth wil want wotlk for Tong time, but manages to avoid Ruth haring her reaction, 2 ‘si’ Incrret answers A Clute "waited or her iste o start Geserbing in detail her latest disaster" means Ruth usually has bad news toe her. C: phone cll frm her sister was never over {quickly indicates that Clare fels Ruth's calls go on o0 long 1B ‘Clare mulled over bow mac to zevel’ shows she was til ‘unsure about what she would say 9 Ruth. ‘32 Correct answer: D: Clare was thinking abou ober things while Ruth was talking, She “tied to catch up" bu ‘was unsire whether vas er sister or her niece” Incorrect answers: A Clie had “missed some key informatioa’, so this is very unlikely to be tw. 'BClaite says her family never sent her Tenet", but doesnot suggest that isthe reason. C: Prom the context, "Her family ‘world have tobe (Od, “she was moving out itis lear her new business asignment has not yet Begun. 138 Cornet answer: D: Cire ‘often wondered whether that was to ensure their tec children didn’t affect thelr festive, rater than to sve their offspring a good start in ile, Le for selfish reasons. Incorestanewers! A: The writer ays thei stand third children both achieved academic succes. Claie mast be ther fst or third, as Ruth s their second. B: Her parents were constancy Aisappoiced with Ruth, not Clare. C: Unlike Ruth, Care ad earned quickly to work hard and stay out of trouble [M Correct answer: A: Cire compares her witha well-known highly succesful lone paren, and believes Ruth “could help herself ‘nly she'd try hirer’, Incorrect answers B: Clare would clearly prefer Ruth to “help herself, C: Claire aooopts that hein alone parent makes i difficult o get certain jobs, D: Claire feels that Ruth is ealoos of her an finds what she says inating. There is no suggestion Cate fels guilty AS Correct answer B: Clair is rfering back 1 her new work ‘assignment, which she says consist of more than “ining out on ‘someone else's credit earl". Tncorect answers: A: The relerence ‘wor that refers hack o “dining ou on someone else's credit ‘ard’ not “i. C: It cana eer to looking afer Sky because Ruth has not yet answered Claire's questions about thal D: Claes i seain tying to avd showing ber emotions, not explaining them to uth [36 Correct answer: C: Claire fels ts “od that her parents seem 10 ‘show more affection towards doi grandchildren than they di to their own children. Incortect answers: A: Ruth (‘You never lsen tome’) and Clie they were twelve and fourtcen again’) indicate that litle had changed. Bs Claie implies the opposite by saying they “had no time for their ova eildre’, D: She believes that her tnother is closer to her grandehildren, no 0 her Part 6 ‘Training rodicting toxt content; finding clues 1 how bees manage to navigate when they ae fying 2 observe their fight paters’ and so" (reference word, avoiding repetition); also "wack al thei movements over seeral kilometres tnd “this (reference word), plus the sccaists' and ‘them’ (reference word) 1338: Aircraft pilots" and “Bees on the oter hand” contrast ink) “ealclate wind speed and diection” und th same thing” (reference ‘phrase; also "them and “they” inthe following sentence (reference ‘word) 3 te researchers. discovered” and they found? (reference ‘vor and word wit similar meaning): ‘On windy days. lower than usta and “This’ (ference word): windy” and “blows ‘more strongly’ (words with similar meaning) "the wind” and it Ufeference words it normally blows moe strongly” and “this's and ‘higher up’ and ‘at greater heights’ Exam practice 1 Am amicle about the new headquarters ofthe World Wide Fund for Nature 2 Suggested answers: Paragraph 1: Who is doing what and where Paragraph 2: The building an the occasion Paragraph 3: Interesting activities and now ideas Paragraph 4 Green features ofthe building Paragraph 5: A quiet place inte ity Paragraph 6: The changing role of the WWE Paragraph 7: What needs o be done Advice 37 thes, “oiling” 38 aiving example’ 39 ‘Other such Tearres include” —40“Eyen so” 41 “hecase the planet is one vast, coosystem’ 42 population ‘Answer Key & transcript | 185Exam task a “They” refers bac to the “ero who were watching, and “highly environmentally fendly hom, which is “hemispherical tas tbe standing above a council carpark, isa building “ofthis Kind? Als, “i near the beginning ofthe next paragraph refers to the building, a does the name ‘Living Planet Centre ther new home” refers back tothe WWE's Living Planet Centre, which they hope will itself be a “ving example” of “attempts to protect animals and the natural Woes which “have boon staed bythe WWF ‘Ober sue indicates there will be more examples similar 10 those “Tears” already menionad inthe previous paragraph. reoyeled concrete, carpets and computers, solar panels. Also, the following paragraph describes the overall impression given by the tullding’s interior. The following sentence indicates ther is “contrast” with the ‘ising sentence, Sentence A begins Even so” and says it (2 reference hack 1 ‘the building" is ina "town centre’. which is vocabulary link to ‘urban’ lt contasts the “ily unattractive” ‘general area and the “ugly” place withthe “anal” and the ‘woods! The fact that ‘the planet sone vast ecosystem isthe reason sven for tating tat "you have to persuade people ofthe worl not fo pollute’. Vocabulary links include "the world” and “the plane’, ‘an people of the word” and everyone here are links to the sentences both before and afer the gap. “Turn the clock back’ means return to a previous situation, i. ‘pot tuck forests and reduce the number of people on Earth. The “ate at which the numbers ar increasing refers to ‘population sie” in the missing sentence. Not use: B Part 7 Training Finding evidence: avoiding incorrect answers, 1 44 ‘ams were cold"; 45 ‘One Monday morning nearest stop 2 3: ie was because of all the pollution it caused” that he gave up ‘diving to work and sated going by rail instead: 48: ut the fares cep going up and up anda this rate I have wo think about using my car Notin E: 46: Although he says the rains are ‘crowd, he says he doesnt mind it, sot would Be wrong to say he “isis” travelling with lots of ether people Exam practice Advice 43D: amount itcosts to visi’ 44 Bike something from a TV commercial" 4S: he air temperature hardly varies’ 46 C. “waist high’ 47 shots’ 48.C: "the sand can feel uncomfortably bot unless you wear beach shoes’ 49 scent 80 B: “inthe lat afteroon and {vening you can have the place almost © youre” SI Tmited to the ‘Sommer moots’ S2 sun cream Exam task 43 De The wrtersays “it is well worth the small amount it costs visi. “44 Ds The tex mentions that “sommercias have been made tet’. 4S-A: Itsayy “At fit sight it almost seems topical, unl dipping your toe in the water encourages you to spend lary day on the each rather than dive infor sim” 46 C: The writer refers “the ocean — which is only waist high even hundreds of metres fom the shore Answer Key & transcript 41 are 7 4s “The writer says “don't forget to get some sbts of your own’ The sand according to the writer, ‘always remain cool ait ofa type tat reflects the sunlight o you won't toed sandals” The writer says you can ‘enjoy" various things, including “he scent of pine fom the nearby woods ‘50 Di The tex advises: ‘mae sue you arive well before the sua starts to eat down aad the sand heats up SSL At The text states tht ‘public access” “limited tothe summer ‘months. ” 2 “There isn't it wars, “much shade, so it is advisable to use plenty of sun cream Writing Part 1 (essay) Training Useful language: ordering points or reasons; adding information 1 foe the fist point: Fiesty, To begin with, Fst of al; for further points: Next, Then, Secondly: forthe lu point: Last but pt east, [astly, Finally: inthe conclusion: In conclusion, To sum up, On ‘balance, To conclude 2 TAlso 2Furthermore 3100 4As well as that 6s well Focusing on the question; text organisation 2-1 Asonly ‘yes; both sides 2A: 2nd, B: 3rd 3.4: 4th B: 2nd 4; 2nd: protected from huntingestnction, B: 2nd: protection from 3. 2Givesan example 3 Expression that inks pons 4 Writer's ‘own opinion Tells the reader what expect 6 Expression that Tinks pois 7 Contras link 8 Givesa reason 9 Writers own ‘pinion 10 Sums op points slready made Exam practice (essay) 11 your English teacher 2 whether tis better attend a concert oF watch the same concer at home 3 convenience, atmosphere Sample ‘Sn sition Treating, people have a choise: whether go ta concert of ‘watch it at home. Both have their advantages ~ and disadvanages. Fil, concert tickets con to mich, especialy for young people “Ther is als the bas fare wand rom the concent and the Food and inks thee are expensive. Watching at home, though is ree as are the snacks ‘Secon, watching on your TY or computer is far more comfortable ‘tha traveling othe concer, queuing o get in and hen having 2 lng. slow journey home atrwards- If you go thst or unary at home you jst goto the fide. Aad ther sno quee fr the bathroom. ithe. (On the other and, to really experience a concert you have o be there. The etcitementof thousands of people lapping, singing and ‘ven dencing creates an atmosphere that just eanot be appreciated at ‘home, Nothing can compare to seeing and hearing a big stron stage. ‘On balance therefore, Thlieve its worth the cos and inconvenience ‘of going to we your favourite singers of musicians live. tis an experince you will ever forgetNotes + Conmer length + Uses a balanced, Jor and gains approach. Fully answers the ‘question + Uses the frst paragraph to introduce the opie and indicate the + Uses a paragraph for each main point ‘+ Writes in an appropriate syle (between neural and formal) + Uses inking expressions to orderpoins, eg. “Fra. Secondly’ ‘On balance. + Adds tformarion using als" And” + Uses conta links ‘though’ (On she ser hand” + Summnarses the main point in she concluding paragraph, giving ‘ovo opinion + No language errors Writing Part 2 (email) ‘Training Useful language: formal and informal expressions 1 TA formal informal 2A informal B formal 3. informal BB formal 44 informal formal» $A formal B informal 6A informal B formal 7A formal B informal 8 formal B {informal A informal B formal 40 A formal B informal Understanding instructions 1 Lyour English-speaking classmate Sam 2. party is being ‘organised for he end of the course 3 whether they shoud Re = band forthe occasion, order some fod fom local estaurast mae starfaney dress party 2.1Yes_ 2Yes. Food and the band inthe sevond paragraph, fancy dress inthe forth, Bes 4 Deur + fst name, Very best wishes to ply o Sam's ema asking for her opinion 6 She ‘ays she is happy to her that and sas wh. 7 Looking forward to hearing fra you. & fist of all, ax far as. is concerned, in addition 9 oe offs name, contracted forms, eI’ Comersational expressions, es how happy Fam, have more fan, exclamation mark, trong adjectives, eg. wonderful fontastic, some Shor sentences, eg J hope his has helped. Exam practice 1 informal 2-They ate planing to spend next week n your are. ‘and during their stay they would like wo travel aound ait. 340 suggest somewhere interesting they could go for a day rip, what “would be the best means of transport, what ime they should set ff inthe morning and when they should begin the reur journey. 2 Sample Hida, “Many thanks for your message, Soy not o get buck to you 2 sooner ut this weck I've hay had any time to go online. me [aaa Tmrealy pleased 1 ear tha Jessica and the cher willbe Welk et fore Hermon staying not fa from here and seeing something of he surrounding Te was reat to gt your ena infomaesining eurieyside 1 abolbtly gorgeous at this tie ofthe yea? Thave recived your eter dated he S| fomalbepinning Tstrogly advise ther to vist Silver Bay, I's a really beau “Thanks (ery much) for your let informatesining ‘po. From the top of the chil there are marvellos Vews 10 This is just quick noe wo sy: ‘nformaoesining sea, and be unspl whie sy beach te perf plas have formallend ae eer “There's a sth aves thre from just outside the aly ston, Bex wists: informaend lemving every hou Ke takes about 90 minutes, pasing though Dear Sian Formalfbegining some delight cen on he way. Lots of ove: “Toavoid he rsh-hour afi, dhe best o leave onthe 9.30 bos, Tink On the way back. Tsuzzet they catch the 6pm oe 0 ‘Dear Stefan: that they et bck before dark Hi Sica informaVbeyining Lexie know if here's anything else Tan help with. Tapologie forthe delay inepbing: | fornal/eginning | est wishes, ‘Give my love eveyone informatend Jessica Took forward bearing fom your | formalend Notes Sony tote so slow geting back wo your __|iformalbegining 3-1 format: | would like w apologise for ‘2 Requesting information, formal: | would be grateful if you could {3 Advising, formal: My advice to you 8 44 Changing the subject formal: With reference 8 Expressing surprise, formal: Iwas mos surprised to discover that (6 Expressing enthusiasm, formal: Iam extremely enthusiatc about 4 Suggested answers: 1 Thanks very much for your leer 2T'm delighted 3it'sa reilly 41edbe a good deat § By the way 6 Well hall, for now, 7 Don't forget to write soon $ Best wishes + Comect length Suitably rend begining and ening + Opening paragraph hanks friend for their email and apologises fordelay in repving + Responds to the background information inthe email, using diferent words ‘+ Deals with the writer's questions in three main paragraphs + User various expressions to give advice: Td strongly aise, “itd be best t's Td sugnest + Good use of expressions for expressing enthusiasm: ‘t's cbolaelygorgcour, a really Deautfl spo’, ‘marvellous view + Writes in an appropriately informal se Final sentence clases the eter and informally request reply + No language errors “the perfect place’, ‘eligh ‘Answer Key & transcript | 187Writing Part 2 (article) Training Usoful language: strong expressions 1 Lexhawsted 2furious 3 freeing 4 fanatic Steriod Genormous 7filthy Sawful essential 10 fascinated Focusing on Instructions 1 ive reasons why he/she enjoys it so much: say what people who ‘want to take it up should do 2 Sugpesed answers: 2A YexB Yes 3A.No~ te introduction sto long, and this is followed by series of single sentences: B Yes — paragraphs ‘develop from the topic sentence” 4A Yes — really fantastic” BYes~ "you'll love it) 8 Yes — ‘Fist ofall Als’: B Yes ~ ‘otherwise’ 6A Yes ‘combine’ ‘fantastic’, “cooperative B ‘Yes "tertied’ 7A Yes "advice to anyone who Would lke 0 tay tis sport isto protec’ B Yes If nt go diving ~ youl lone it) 8A'No; BYes~ ‘such asa shark swimming’ 9A Yes~ "For tc, this game i's B Yes — “Lust know that" 10 A No; BYes— ‘I's ‘wonderful whea you discover" TTA Yes — which kindof spor ‘Sits you?"; B Yes - Are you too seated t uy something new.” IZA No although it ends ona positive note i's far too shor; B Yes —it sums up the content ad the writer's opinion 3 Anicle B Exam practice (article) ‘Sample (written by a very strong First candidate) Fashion of the Future Have you ever thought about what clothes wil ok ik in 100, ‘years fom now? Probably not To most of us fasion st sucha big deal. You walk into a depariment store ce houtie ad ou buy ‘whatever the fasion industry offers his season. Aaything berween ‘elegant nd casual wil be all ight according 1o you personal style ‘and taste, That's how it has heen forage. ‘But recently the industry ha developed new materials, which ‘enable them to ereate new clothes cots that proteet you from the ain but won't make you sweat. In 100 years people will wear high practical clothes that include communication tols which «enable thm to see and talk one another. Maybe someday in the future there wil be overalls that “beam” you fom one place to another in a matter of seconds. As ime progresses scientists wl create technologies that will pen ‘upamazing new opportunities for mankind. Tay no-one can know cetacly what ‘the sie ofthe future" will be like Jus ike 100 years ‘ago nobody had any idea what clothes would be like toy Notes + Correct lengih 1+ Begin with a question, encouraging the eader to carry on reading forthe answer + Keeps 10th topic and deals with bork parts of he ask + Uses three main paragraphs + Uses the final poragraph 1 sam up and get he reader to hink about he content + Writes na fairly informal syle, a in @ magazine aricle + Varies sentence length for dramatic eect, the stand second sentences + Uses strong adjectives and adverbs “highly + No language errors “amazing 488 | Answor Key & transcript Writing Part 2 (report) Training Useful language: report 1 Introduction ‘The aim ofthis repr is wo. This report looks a The purpose (ofthis repoet iso; This reports intended to show that Description and findings thas been suggested that. (possibly also in Incroduction; Tere would seem tobe. t would appear that: 1s felt that, (possibly also in Conclusion) Iisa tbe Recommendations and believe we should. T (would) suggest: would recommend that. Tstrongly recommend Conclusion Incooclason, To sum up, ‘Suggested exra answers: I The imetion ofthis report i to. This report sets out wo examine... 2 thas heen observed that. The findings appear prove that... 3 fel itis mesessary to. MY recommendation that... 4To conclude, To summarise. Understanding instructions 1 Key wonds: teacher asked, you, suggest, sport could played ollegs, Describe, sport ve tried, 539 why, popular {Alice discussing sports incase, you have fo sugges porto play at your college. 2 Your teacher, formal cr neutral it epends on ‘what your teacher prefers 3 describe a spot you've trod, say why ‘you think it would be popular with ther stadents ‘recommendationvsuggestons 2 Snggested answers: °A spor forthe college" / “Waterpolo for everyone! 31C 2D 3B 44 410 (approximately 180 words) 2yes, five 3 yes, second and hind and four paragraphs say why would be popular yes its quite formal in tye (eg. inking txpressons such as ‘thorefre' and ‘in ation’) use ofthe posive CGitis suid tobe"), a0 contrasted forms S06 the am of this is said tobe it Would appar that, to sum up strongly suggest T yes Exam practice (report) 1 1 The Director of acollege 2 the current condition of part of a college, ways it could be improved 2 Sample (written by 2 fairly strong First candidate) Report on the reception area “The reception area inthis College isa small, nwelcoming place Which oud become quite spacious and enjoyable witha few changes. In this report I will make some suggestions on ow it ‘ould be improved forthe students, staff and visitors who wse it Firstly, it feels rather old-fashioned. | would suggest renovating the room, changing the wallpape and repainting iI would also ‘change the old fate that takes up too mach space and gives. ‘an impression of heaviness. I woul also suggest puting some flowers there inorder to make the room happier. ‘Secondly, 1 would give vistors and students more space by roving them witha wating room, oat east seats so they ‘dont have to sand when they have to wait It would be easier for the staff as well, so they could move around easily and quickly. Finally, Ishould point out the reception sta are always fiendly and help In conclusion, I Believe that if few improvements could be ‘made to change the genera atmosphere of te reception are, it ‘would appear mor feendly and welcomingNotes + Clear organisation: nraduction, description and suggestions, conclusion Correct length and appmpriate ste for College Director Ansyers both parts of the question ‘Some good language (e.g ‘quite spacious’, ‘gives an impression (of, ‘change the general amesphere') + Good re of linking expressions (eg ‘firsts, “in conclusion’) + No language erors Listening Paper 3 Part 4 Training Understanding distraction 1 B*.. very well looked afer means it was inexcllet condition, and It was afew years od, but you really could’ tel” gives the impression it looked quite new. [Az Both ‘rdinary” and “nothing remarkable indicate it hed no special Features. ": He fel the pice was“ bit igh’ and wanted the seller to ‘op! it $0 it coulda’ t have been the price that ‘most tracted him’ ‘2a C+ She blames it ona problem with the battery in her mobile, also Ipecause she could’ find the spare one. She would have called him otherwise : Hvas Emily's number she'd lst, not his ‘umber 3: He suggests i was too lat, but she says she did't think he'd ‘minal how late twas "I did’ think you'd mind how Tate it was, really’. Exam practice 1B 28 3A 4B SC 6A 7B BA Advice 1A: ‘perhaps you'd like to ty on another kind’, C: or return your money” 2B: th rest ofthe county’, clear skies, “right “Tunchime .. jt the early evening” 3.A:‘a light woskout in a gym’ 4A: a seventcen-year-od’, ust sixtcen’ § B: in my student days T went through a phase but. my tases bave changed” 6B: ‘L ‘would take too sch notice ofthe comments’ C: “bu it's not the ‘same as soeing iton the big seeen"” 7A & C both happened on ‘previous joumeys tothe airport C: it wasn't the fact that it wwas.."B: ‘though thats never.” Part 2 Training ‘Thinking about possible answers: listening for cues 1 Here, tuher than’ has a similar meaning “instead os “hidren” {is possible although its always beter o use the words from the recording; they might ot ‘an adult or ‘a teenager’ as these words ‘come just Before ‘a chil: possibly also the other nouns ‘pais’ ot "groups" which follow 2b “house plants"howseplans’Phouse-planis’ {€ “keep them inthe house with you" isthe eve; “eletric cables’ — these need to be “protected ot removed b Teelost hor Exam practice signs WOuide UN helmet 12.confidence 13 jumps ‘landing 18 panic 16 wrists) 17 (smal) device 18 parce Advice 9"y0u won't see any’ 10 you should never, "it's essential 10" ‘LIC the guide who ‘may wear a Backpack containing supplies 12 "people say to me it must ake alot of courage’ 13 “doa sees of jumps’ Cdscisions' doesn't collocate with “do") 14 “landing not ‘take-off 15 ‘when you lose your balance’ 16 arms’, elbows" ‘wists! 17 safety experts recommend als taking a medical it 18 ‘competition snowboanlin’, teaching soowboarding' Part 3 Training Dealing with distraction 1 C:The speaker mentions being worried about the time and knowing she was going tobe late, then says tat would mean losing herjob. ‘A: Tis was what she thought at fist, but she changes her mind — it is important olsen to the end, She mentions train —hut she dt miss 2B: was flly expecting to pas this time’, have to ake it again’ “TIL have to pay for more lessons" “Thada't made any serious mistakes or had an accident’. There ‘was no accident, and no suggestion that the speaker was hur. G+ eating. on alway platforms’. This efers othe future, not {a post event and there's no suggestion of missing tins Exam practice 19C 20E 218 2D BH Advice ‘A Litends up inthe bin’ 2: 'm quite i 3: “jut don't fel Fight if T'm nt working on my fitness level 4: “doing sports every ‘excning’ 5: Tend up hterally running” C1 “Bling up my basket ‘whether [actually need any of them is relevant, “shopping hough [rarely end up buying anything’ 3: “hard to find in the shops DI: “Sometimes I'm watching TV", 4: Tm wally hooked S:evena TV programme’ K-4: most people of my generation spend all heitime on the Internet” 2:"Lalways gett the ofice on time” 3:°T. getup early’ 4: Tm up reasonably ealy”5:"Tve tied ging ‘up cacirin the moming” G3: working on my Biness level’, that needs finishing off” H12 & 3: goto bed late, 4: wsed to getup ae. she caught. Part 4 Training Understanding distraction; listening for cues 1A: She says her present work is “always teresting” and “no Wo ‘ays are ever the sme, You never know what o expect next explaining why. adding ‘that's peat B: She accepts the need to dea with hve people snd indicates ste uit kes iby saying "'d probably mis iif she had to work chewhers (Cx The word “that in find that ely dl boring) refers back toa desk job’ in other words, Working in an fice. ‘2a: Cis core, because she suggests ‘Td strongly recommend. “working in something else ist, Le. before "becoming police oie Answer Key & transcript | 189The cue is Daye's question (what would you say to somebody ‘who, sa, about to leave shoo! and considering becoming police oiet”) A i wrong Because she says ‘many (of thone “considering becoming & police ofcer”) would benefit from doing degree i. going to university B is wrong because she indicates that its impossible wo work part-time i he police when she says ‘everyone hs 0 work “long Hours" when they sr. Exam practice UC 2A 26B 27B 2A 29C WB Advice 224: rom the hepinning’-.B: before ny fst year at primary School" 25 B & C: ‘some profesional musicians give private lessons to. orperhaps to." 26 ‘moreso than those who 227A: "the media sometimes tlk. but aot cominced, C:'a general Shift away from. think tha’ w be weleomed” 28 afraid of doing ‘Soin public besuse of what other people may say or think 298: that it didn't actually happen” 30: that wast an issue" A: ‘1 found it much easier make up my mind about that one” ‘Speaking Paper 4 Part 4 Training Useful language: baste expressions 1 To give an example: ike, such a, for instance ‘opine a reason the reason is, because 0 ‘To add information: also, as well a that, and often “Tosh for sepettion:Pardon?, Could you say tha again, pease Serr. dat catch that 2 Hanif no, Yara yes 3 Hanif no, Yama yes 4 Hanif Hanif yes, Yara yes 6 Hanif no, Yara yes 3 50,28 lke, Pardon? 8 walla that Part 2 Training Useful language: comparing and contrasting 11. Saying which picture you're taking about 2 1Yarayes ro, Yara yes 2 Guessing ‘3 Comparing the pietures 4 Contrasting the pictures 5. Saying which you'd prefer todo 2 Sofa: compare the photographs; say why the two different kinds of relationship are important 1 teenagers: Riccardo: say whether be ‘prcer to spend his ice ime with family or with ends Ba 7:2, 3,4,6,7,9, 10¥:1 You dot have to desrbe every “etal.” $ You don't have talk shoot what might appen inthe frre, 8 You must kep othe topic ofthe question yes 4 From Useful language: in both photos, maybe Cooks a if inthe ‘rst picture, probably, while, nthe other one, older) than, coulé ‘be ook, bas ater, ike. mach more than Reusensfxamples: ‘becase Keone reason is that, for example, another reason i suchas ‘Answer Key & transcript Part 2 Exam practice 1 1 Compare the photos Say why you think people choose to sop these diferent places. 2 Say which place he/she would rather buy fruit and vegetables in {51 Compare the photos. Say how important yeu think the relationship isto the diferet people. 2 Say whether he/she spends more of hil her fee time with family or wit friends. Part 3 Training Useful lmguage: suggestions 1 Making 2 Asking ifsomeone agrees with 3 Agrecng with 4 Disagreing politely with 8 Giving reasons fr dsagrecing with Focusing on instructions and pictues; listening for expressions 11 things you often find around the house 2 say how useful each ‘object sto peopl decide, with you partner, which two are mest important to you 2 2Yes 3¥es4Yes although candidates don't automatically lose marks for not doing so) SYes Yes 7Yes, but only the fridge. (reaching a decision tno esentialto succesfully complet the task) ‘3 Expressions used: What do youthink?, Wel, I'm no so keen on, don’t you think s?, Right How about not cally sre about that think so too, Would you agre?, think I'd rather, For one thing don't relly agree, That's tr, hink it might be beter Part 3 Exam practice 1A restaurant is uying to ateact more eastomers 2 Talk about why these ideas might attract more customers. Decide which idea might atract most customers. 3 Five: reduced procs, excellent customer service, extensive meni, relasing backzround music, prize-winning chef, Part 4 Training Useful language: opinions 2 think, feel 3feelings, views feel Sopinion, views See, think 7 say —B seems opinion 10 eling opinion M1 possible 12 hand 13 think, feel 14 mishe 18 way Predicting points; listening for expressions 12.4, 5,6:% I: not really felevant othe topic; 3: most stants ‘Soul no be expetel to Koos his 2-1MarsolT 2Han F, Marisol T 3 Han T.MarisolT 4 Han T, Mariol T §HanF, Marisol T 6 Hon T, Marisol T 23 In my opinion, think, What do you think about, it ses to me, ‘Yes, but ati tre that Psy that, My own view is, What's your opinion of Part 4 Exam practice see exam questions in Frese 2Woman: Well yould've given you a ng, but thera was ‘something wrang withthe batery my mobil, ft was really ‘annoying because | was expecting @ cll rom Emly and ve lost her number eo can't call her back. ‘Man: doesn't matter. twas probably getting quite ate by then anyway, Woman: Well actually | was going to cal you when | got home Jest right | aidnt tink you'd mind now late it was, really. But L ‘couldn’ find the spare batten left somewhere in my room so. ‘couldnt do that eather. OSS) Parr You wll hear peopl tating in eight different siwarions, For ‘questions 1-8, choose the best answer. A. Bor C. 1 Youe hear a customer talking o a shop assistant about a coat she bought. ‘Assistant: Can |help you? ‘Customer: Yes, | bought this coat here yesterday but when | ‘vied tron at home {found it was too tight on me, sod ike to ‘exchange fora larger one, Assistant: | don’ think we have one in stock. Perhaps you's ike to ty on another kind of coat, ora jacket? Actually we've got seme lovely winter jackets, just in. ‘Customer: No, that's not relly what I'm looking fo: ‘Assistant | could order the one you mentioned if you like. Or return your money, whichever you profor (Customer: Could you order it please? Assistant: Fine 2 You hear a weather forecast on the radio. rm afraid it looks like there's qute a storm heading towards western and north areas, and that wil rive about dain tomorrow. The rest of the country wil start off cloudy wth afew ‘eather l ast well nfo the early evening, apart from inthe South where there might be a few fogay patches once the sun | ‘goes down. At around the same timo, bad weather will each ‘easier regions, bringing high winds an heavy rain, with the ‘Boseiblltyof loading in towing areas. 43 You hear an office worker talking about eyeling 10 work. | 2omatimes think back to when | used to drive to work in the ‘morning, ooking at my watch and worrying in case the trafic ‘ede me late, an though | stil have to de through it and I stil, {et hold up by the ight, | much prefer going on two wheels. By tho time | arive I feel pleasantly tked, almost asf fc been fora. light workout atthe gym, and that’s a good way to start the day. | hardly give any thought to my work until actualy at down at my esk, because nowadays | fel much more relaxed and able fo ‘cope with whatever might come up during the day 4 You hear a radio announcer talking about « competion RE writers of short stories ‘We're looking for good short stores to read out on next ‘week's programme, 90 you thnk you're capable of wring an interesting tale in less than 750 words, ether send tin as an ‘email attachment or post It to us and you may be one of the lucky five prizewinners. Unlike in some competitions, as long thes are original pisces of writing you can send in 2s many as you ‘and there's no upper o lower age limit in fact, last year's frst prizo was won by a seventeen-yearold, andthe winner of he Second prize was just sixteen. 5 You hear a conversation about reading Woman: So what sort of books do you lke to read in your spare time? ‘Man: Wol In my student days | went though a phase of reacing rovele that could realy make me laugh out loud, but although | stil ke entertaining storie my tastes have changed alti. Woman: Te what kind of thing? ‘Man: Action stories tha! lake place in remote pars of the word The ‘The kinds of location my grandiather vied in is younase days ‘bt Lean only dream of traveling to | particulary Uke those with We're! characters, quite unike anyone you've ever met 6 You hear two people talking abou watching fms onthe Invern. Man: srtit much simpler 10 look at some ovine reviews, choose ‘move. pa. tl to download it and then soto down to waten it rather than go into town, queue up for tickets and then sin a crowded, uncomfortable cinema? ‘Woman: i ‘glting ths one vou wants easy. too, but i's never the same as ecg it on the big sreen. An | would take too much notice ofthe comments made by other buyer: they're even less reliable than the ars eis in the newspapers. 7 You hear a woman at an airport talking om the phone Yes, i's an ail feting and 've been kicking myself here. {es never happened fo me befor, though Ive hada few near ‘misses, Like the te gt suckin afc on the oad othe Sport and only just made tin te; or when I got ofthe ‘Underground at Terminal 5 rather than 4, and had to race back to the station wen | eventually realised my mistake. On this. ‘Sacasion | got here on tim but thre ware jus 9 many people. ‘wating ahead f me, and when nay raachad the dask yas. {od the font had closed, 8 You hear a man talking about his new job ‘When frst saw the adi the employment section ofthe paper, ‘wasn the fact’ be earring far more than am now tet caught my attention, twas the chance to achieve my full potential doing, ‘Something relevant tothe experience anid before! ook Up my curent post. n fact, though tho job description inthe 235 talked about good prospects of sing win the company Structure, that’s never really Been an ambition of mine. Answer Key & transcript | 191Part 2 Training A “Most rabbits are equaly happy living autcoors oF indoors, but f you decide to keep them inthe house: with you, there are some safety measures you should {ako Frsty, make sure that al electric cables are ‘propery protected, of else your pots might ote ‘through ther, with disastrous results. Also, (10) never ‘eave house plants Wing around, as these might be ‘poisonous. AD rawr You will hear an expert snowboarder called Brad Michell talking abou the spor of extreme snowboarding, For questions 9-18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. \When you go extreme snowboarding, you head forthe highest ‘peaks and the steepest slopes, taking tle more than a map and ‘dome basic survival equipment with you. Unik in ski resorts, (@) you won't ase any signa talina you there re rocks, oc tots. und, 80 it upto you and your gue to make sure your route is as sale 2s possible. Of course, you should never attompt to {9° down a slope on your own. I's essential tobe accompanied by (10) a.quide, who must. go fst everytime as there may bene clear route down through the rocks and other dangers. ‘They'l also shon you the way up to your starting point, which ‘may involve along. dificult climb, anc! may wear a backpack centaining supplies. | know some snowboarders ike to take ‘a halcopter up tothe top, and that’s quick and easy - though ‘expensive ~ but (11) Latays prefer to.g0.on foot. wth helmet ‘on. course. When you finaly getup tere, the view is always. ‘completly diferent from the way it looked fom below. People ‘say fo me i must tako alot of courage to start going down such «a steep slope, but If you ve reached that point then you must be «2 pretty experienced snowboerder and (12) what's really equired. ‘saltemendovs amount of confidence. You never know exactly ‘whieh way you'e going to go or what you'e going to encounter ‘on your way down, and you often find yourself having to make ‘soltsecond decisions, but thats part ofthe fun. (13) Thera. fool aftrwards, The abit todo that is cbviously something ‘that takes those new to extreme snowboarcing quite some te tole And whereas doing a reasonably good take-off seems. ‘10.come fay natural o most of us, (14 landing is amore. ‘complex lio arquie a found in my early days out onthe. ‘movntan sie Fling comectly i also something you need to practise, nay at low speed and on gente slopes. and lator in conditions more similar to those youll encounter on tho mountain (18) Rule ‘one when vou isa vour balance not 19 panic or else you't (get tense and be far mor kel o inure yourself than you're Telaxed and jst lt yourself go withthe fl. ten the best thing ‘0.40 ol cut of the fall, butts natural to ty to use your arms ‘0 ty to slow yourself. down and f you do so remember that (16) elbows. you fal. on them, are much atonger and eas. ‘kly tobe injured than wists. Following a high-speed fal you might find yourself covered by some ofthe white stuff thal has fallen with you. There may be ust afew fet oft and you can usualy pul ourself upto the surface, but if you can't you're In ‘bg touble and that's wy (17) the rescue sanvicas foe! buried. | know some safety experts recommend also taking a medica kl but somehow I think that 192 | Answer Key & transcript 141 wate buried uncer ice, my pity would be to gt out or get rescued. Im always looking for new challenges. Competition ‘snowboarding was something | looked at, but there were ust {co many guys showing off. Teaching snowboarding s certainly ‘something might do one day, but (18) what. really cream about {s.parachute snowboarding: going straight down a mountain, fying off cif and then floating downto the valley below. Now that's what | call extreme. Part 3 Training AS tt oomed to me that eveything had gone quite wal. was realy nora of couse, Buta gone taba he ht sed tnd hadnt made any serious mistakes ora on accident or anything ike tat, 0 was ly expecting a pass time, But when was over end let goofs steerng wee I noticed the ‘pression on the guy's face ajo know Lahm tt again afew mnths. So ntl then be back to wating at us ops and on raway platforms, o asking tends to ove me ai ‘Andon op ofthat have oa formar lesson, whieh realy cant ator. EA) parts You will hear fve short exacts in which people tll about deciding to take up new interests. Fr questions 19-23. choose from the list AH) the main reason each speaker gives for deciding to take up their new interest. Use the leters only once. There are three extra leters which you do not need 1 use You now have thirty seconds to look at Part 3. Speaker 1 It stats as soon as! get home inthe early evening. have a quick. ‘snack and then lag onto one of my favourite ses Soon 've lest ‘up. basket with allkinds of things — whether actually need a its fl so quick and easy. Sometimes 'm watching TV and there's an ad fora tasty-looking ready meal and it log back on fora minute {and order that. 00, though when i's actualy delivered it usualy tums out tobe just junkfood and it ends up n the bin. Speater 2 | fest eased something wasn't quite right when | kept fling asleep at all hous of the day. Getting up around seven isn't easy when you've been up tl two the night efore, but somehow | ‘newer manage to logoff unl hen, Thera ust s0.many area. ‘alas, parteuiary news and sports and also shopping, though [rarely end up buying anything. According toa qui Iai, | do ‘seem to have an adicton, though compared to things ike ‘overeating I don't think t's a particularly harmful one. sean tm ‘uit ft and - unike some of my colleagues ~! always get tothe office on te. Speaker 3 | always fo! have to be doing something. Lust don’ fas ight ‘Limnot working on my fitness level and the possible long-term. an be rather expensive and hard to find inthe shops. At east though, the fact that | go everywhere round town on foot means that Fm never held up by Wate!Speakers {twas on all the tin in my parents’ home and its ke that here, the its 00d na ‘Way, Because most people of my generation spend al thir time {nthe Internet, orn the case ofthe fiter ones, doing sport every ‘evening and weekend. | know my oun Ifestio isn't particularly ‘healthy, though at laast nowadays I'm up reasonably early, unike ‘back in my student days when I often had trouble getting out ot bed before noon. Speaker 5 ‘here aay seams to be something that holds me up. may be {a ob that neods finishing off, an eral that has to be answered ‘or even a TY programme that hasnt quite ended. Then | en up Inerally running to wherever I'm going, aways the ast to turn un ‘and alo often the most stressed one, to. I've tried getting up ‘earl in the morning 90 that | have more hours in the day to get ‘everything dono, but the lack of step just makes me feel tired later on and doesn't halp ata Part 4 Training as Dave: So (cue) what would you say to somebody whe sa 8. ‘bse fit.) Many would benefit rom doing degree. perhaps: in Law ~ and the starting salary would be higher. Tere are some (teat careers n the police fore these days, though (8) everyone. has to start. as an octinary office, working ong hours and often fincing themselves in dificult stuaions, But i's a great challenge! DD panes You will hear Leone Steiner talking to an interviewer about her work ax a music teacher ina school. For questions 24-30, ‘choose the best answer (A, B or C). Interviewer: Ihave with me Leonie Steiner, who's had a dltinguished career both as a pianist and as a music teacher, Leonie, who was your first-ever piano teacher? Leonie: There's lang piano-playing tradition in my family {and from aver early age | was keen to start playing. ln earlier ‘Generations fathers and mothers had taught daughters and sons, ‘but both of mine were working full-time, so from the beginning (24 they had me taught at home by atutor That would have ‘been shortly before my fist year at primary school, where | also had lessons. Interviewer: And when did you actualy start giving lessons? Leonie: In my ate teens, by which time | was giving solo ‘perfoemances. Some professional musicians gve private classes {to make enough to ve on, or perhaps to find out whether they ‘would make good teachers, but forme it was never a conscious decision to become a teacher, (25) Lo always enjoyed working: auth younger students, doing what Looud to help them develop. her ‘And ever since then, that ~ together with performing ~ is what I've one, Interviewer: And what kind of students do you prefer? becormars, Moe so than those who seem fo have been born fo play atthe highest level, or students who've been taught the wrong way and need to get rid of bad musical habits. That can ‘be erg work for both pupil and teacher Interviewer: And wnat do you thnk of te standard of music ‘education in our schools nowadays? ‘Leonie: It varies widely. | got the impression there's been a general shit away trom puting pressure on students to achieve ‘9xam auccess to a more skills-based approach, and | thnk thats tebe welcomed. The modia sometimes tk about a shortage ‘of qualfled music teachers but 'm not convinced. (27) say. 0.00, ensuring they‘ top quality so that students realy le the ‘ound they make. Because the key to success is making sure pups enjoy their music lessons, both in terms of playing and singing Interviewer: Do school music lessons normally include singing these days? Leonie: In the msjorty of cases thay sill do, and i's generally ‘popular among pupils, but (28) alot of them ae ataid of donna, tt fn Je may 889 of think. ‘Thala grea pil. thik and if child wants to sing, | fee! ‘strongly that they should always be encouraged to do so. Interviewer: You're very highly regarded by your ex students ‘many of whom have gone on to have successful caroors. What ‘40 you thnk has made you such a good teacher? Leonie: Wel, that’s tue (29) it probably has something 12 ‘oa diffrent generation, whether they're at primary schoo), ‘Secondary school or university In that respect I don think would've benefited from actualy bel trained at colege as @ music teacher Interviewer: Looking back over your career, what big decisions have you had to make? Leonie: Welln my lato thities | wondered whethe stil have the energy needed to keep doing lessons as | got older, but once, into my fortis | foune thal wasnt an issue. Also around then, (@0) Lwas offered ine poston of assistant head, and [nad to. ‘ighersalay. butin the end Leaid no. It would also have ‘meant | had lass time for doing lessons, and for perforring. My response to an offer of work in ancther country was the same, though I found much easier to make up my mind about that ‘ona. 've never regretted staying her. Interviewer: Thank you Leonie, ‘Speaking paper Part 4. Training aE) Interlocutor: Good morning Hanif & Yara: Good morring, Interlocutor: My name is Jennifer and this is my colleague, ‘Stephen. And your names are? anit: 'm Han. Yara: My name's Yara. Interiocutor: Can | have your mark sheets, please? Answer Key & transoript | 193Yara: Here you are, anit: Please. Interlocutor: Thank you, Where are you from, Hani? Hanif Er, trom Rabat. Is capital of Morocco. Interlocutor: And you, Yara? Yara: | come from Brazil and my town itis called Santos. fs n the ‘coast, not fa of S80 Paulo. Interlocutor: First, we'd like to know something about you. Yara, ‘what do you tke about ving In your home town? Yara: Wl, itis much smaller that Sd0 Paulo so is more quit, andthe people is more friendly too, Also there isthe wonderful ‘beaches, whore you can do sur, Interlocutor: And what about you, Hanif? Hanif: There is a many beaut, er, buildings, And the ‘ronuments, But is town modem, to, Interlocutor: OK. And what sort of things do you do in your fee time? Hanif: Pardon? Interlocutor: What sort of things do you do in your free time? Hanif: Oh, ke stay with trends. We go sometimes for sport. Or seeing any movie in, er, cima. Interlocutor: And what about your fee tine, Yara? What sort of things do you do? Yara: lice best 10 go to nice places with my friends, ke the cgarens by the beach, is think the most longest inthe word, Many people enjoy taking the bicycle ther, though | profor go by ‘oot. 1s realty lovely. Interfocutor: OK. Now, thinking about the future, in what ways 00, ‘you tink you wal use English? ‘Yara |'l do business studies atthe university, and for that | need ‘to know English well. As well as that | want to travel in Europe land North Amerie, thet are counties where English is very important, Interlocutor: And you, ant a what ways do you think you wil use English? Hanif: Same, rally. For study and the travel Is very important the English for me. Interlocutor: OK. Thank you. Part 2 Training aD Interlocutor inthis part of he test 'm gong o ge each of you two photographs. 'd tke you otk about your photooraps Son your on for about amine, and oo answer a question {bout your parne's photographs. Sofia its your urn frst. Here are your photographs They show young people with others wh 22 Gove ther ike you to compare the photographs and Say why the two clferent kinds of relationship are impertat fo teenagers Al ight? Sofia: Wel in both solos there ae some young people, mavse bout 15 of 18 years od, and looks asf theyre hang good ‘ime in cferent ways, In the rat picture, thre ar a group ot them. probably Fiend tink becaus they have abou the same ‘age, and tere laughing for someting. Aloke or one thing ke ‘hat. Wie her, nth ater one. het, enages are wih Wo ‘people cider than them; these could be their grandparents. They ‘so lock happy, though smiling, not laughing, Theelatonship 194 | Answer Key & transcript vith the frends is vary important, | think, because everybody ‘needs to be with other people that has the same intorosts. Things like music and films and clothes, and also to talk about the problems. But the family i realy important too and one reason Fethat all poopie sponds alot of tine with them, especially tho ‘evenings and the weekords, And celebrations. for example the ‘weddings and partes. Another reason is most of teenagers know ‘thatthe famiy always will ave help i you ask them. Interlocutor: Thank you. Riccardo, do you prefer to spend your free time with family or with fiends? Riccardo: Normal, [rather be with, er, the ends. because ‘of the age and because we do alot of sport together such as {ootball and basketball fs also bette to eat the meals with the fiends. keto eat the er fast food much more than the meals that | eat at home with my fail, i have some money of course ‘because to buy food in the restaurant itis very expensive, Intorlocutor: Thank you. Part 3 Training Ae Intertocutor: Now I'd like you to tak about something together for about two minutes, Here are some things that you often fing in the home, First, talk to each other about how useful these things are to people. Eleni: Shall we start withthe cshwasher? ‘Stanislaw: Yes, fine Eleni: OK, thi is vary usoful because you can putin ial the dirty plates and things, for example after a meal with al the fami What do you think? Stanistaw: Wel. im not 20 keen on having a dishwasher The ain reason is that | ive by my own so that | can wash by hand ‘the cups and plates very fast. But avery apartment must have a fridge, con't you think sa Eleni: Bight. Especially in hot counties tke mine, bocause it not the food goes Dad very quicky, and the drinks they are not nce. ‘So the fridge definitely everyone needs, ‘Stanislaw: So how about this one, the freezer? Wit that you can keep food for much longer than inthe fridge, Eleni: Hmm, | not really sur about that. Yes, it's handy for aways having the ice cream and things like that, but fresh food. taste much better than the frozen food, and frozen vegetables is ‘not s0 heal. The next thing though ~ the washing machine is something always useful ‘Stanislaw: | think 0, 100. It must have beon tere, in the old days, to have to wash al the famiy's clothes by hand, Eleni: Or go out all the time, to the... the place were they wash the clothes, ‘Stanislaw: The laundry? The laundrette? Eleni: Yes, that. And you need too the on, for to make the clothes look smart. Would you agcea? Stanislaw: Er, think 'd rather have clothes which don't need Iron. Foc. one thing, for met is quits dificult to use the ron Eleni: think you can learn, s very easy! Interlocutor: Thank you, Now you have a minute to dacido whieh tho things are most mportant to you. Eteni: Wel, for me one of the most important ones is deftly the washing machine. That makes a rally big dference in the home:‘Stansta: | don't ren agree. For single people tke students lve alone. you don't use often. I mean, you have. few ‘socks and things 1 lean you don't noed a washing machine {or them. | Wink 's OK, but not an essential hing, Te freezers ‘more vl ely Elen: Min. So do you choose tha, for one of the two tings most important? ‘Stanislaw: Yes, because it makes the fe more aay. You can 90 to the supermarket, do all shopping for some weeks, and Keep. ‘evrything the freezer ut you need ‘lent: Tha is possible, | suppose. And which other would be est, for you? ‘Stanislaw: The ge. Especially for things ke mk and salad wrdish. ‘ten: That's nue So we are agree about that. But think the ‘washing machine ls more important that the reazer. Ae you sure you don change your mind? ‘Stanislaw: No, {think might be better a have different things in liflerent Kind ot home. Shall we lave iat that? [loni: Ye, lot's agree to cisagree about hat one. Part 4 Training aS Imeriocutor: Han, do you Ike doing housework? Han: No realy n my opinion tis Something you must do but nobody enoys it. Intertocutor: OK .. um .. Mars, do you tke doing housework? Mariso: No, hate doing the housework jobs. hap my ether and my father at home, but sways | do the things ike that as fast ‘as possibe. think everyone fel the sare Interlocutor: Who usualy does obs such as washing and cleaning in your nome? Han, fan do some cleaning and washing. And cooking, of course, Inthe microwave. Because lam alone! must do al obs oteouree Interlocutor: And who usualy does jobs such as washing and cleaning in your hore? Mariso: We, my dad does ate but roma itis my mother that have to do the most ofthe work. The things ave changing in ‘my country, but too much slow. 4) For example the woman ‘these days can get the good jobs, but aso they have to make all the housework and that is completely wrong. Wat do you think. about har? Han: don't know, ready. The soley has changed alt and now ‘the young men, it seems to me, do some housework to, and ‘ake turns look aor tho chien Marisol: (6) Yes, but font it true that the major of the work ang tho timo wth the ds stl for the woman’? The man he ‘does a fom jobs and thinks everything is rih and than he sits ‘downto watch the TV, or go out wit the fends. That ls the realtyno? Han: Yes, probaly you're right. Things have to change much Interlocutor: OK €, do you think machines wi ever do al the housework for us? Mario!? Marisol (1) Sorry, could you say it again, please? Interloeutor: Do you thirk machines wil ever do athe housework ors? ‘Morisot OK. sa that wil akea lot of years before the ‘machines wil o everyting inthe use, (9) because many of these job's you must do by hand, tke clearing the wins er ‘making toy the room| Intertocutor: Han, do you think machines wal ever do ll the housework for us? ans My oun view s that finaly t wit happen, and (3) the. rason ls the tachnology moves so fast. let years a0 who Imagined, (for instance, that now every home has a ‘Computer to do many things for us? Interiocutor:Ub-huh. Ex, some people say we use too many slectncal things at home. Bo you agree? “Marisol: Maybe. 'm no sure. Perhaps we can use some things less foro waste lss electricity. So agree party. (2) What's ‘your opinion of that? Han: Wall some things probably erent realy essential. ke the llectic mixers and electric can-openers. Or something I 2 on ‘TWother day: wectic curtain. |rmmdn,fyou'e go lazy you don't fea ke to open the curtains so, yes, I agree there ae too ‘many tings ke that. Intertocutor Fight, thank you. That's the enc of the test. Paper 1 Reading and Use of English Part 2. Training Useful language: collcations 1 1in 2foe 3with 4of $1 Gon with Hof 2 Amised 2won 3play 4heep Spas Gholdinghaving Teaught Beam 31 Ds set completes the phrasal verb set up 2 Dr itcompletes the expression “a if you were” 3: “ins” floes bythe preposition “on ‘ud forms collocation with noise ar completes the expression “as fara Th frm a colloation with “ff” te mean ‘postpone! aids often followed bythe preposition"! on follows the ver age Exam practice Advice Uocal 2recently Simages Sextemely Scombined G increase the chanes of” Tinuence Bunlkely Exam task this completes the expression loa resides the expression “recently pubisho” (with or without x hyphen) ‘ofc used with books, tis, esearch et 3A: “satellite images isa common phase also sein, for example weather forecasting one ofthe others can be we with the aver “apy the preposition “wih often follows ‘combine to mean "opether swt ‘Answer Key & transcript | 195{6C: {8D can al be floes by “but on the likelihood of something happening incresed "Forecast cant be 7B: only this one bo ollcsts wih “have” ands floes by the preposition on" SC: thiisthe omy one that s followed dtetly by the to" ifitive Part 2 Training Useful language: relative pronouns, auxiliary verbs and relerence words Vibe 2did Swhat Aduring Sround 6 whereas Tony 8x Puespite Wit 2 Twhich Dove Seorreer ddecauselan § despite/in spit of Ghose Teomeet Bwhere Ythere 10 which Advice foe 10° many” 1 the to infnitve 12 unlike" 13 on wp of that” which? 15 les ‘hy contrast 16 whether Exam task 1 Toshow tha cycting is les expensive than diving ar esponsible' Here 2-9 or: this depemlontproposiin often Follows they mean “to blame 10 ny this completes pase that means “ew people 1 to/and: top cam be fll bythe “to nnitve of ako they cane Tnke by and 12 unlike the rapid sin val of cass comtrated with hoses 13 tope his completes he stin ink “ontop of tha’ whic rods futher pnts to that nthe prvions senonce 14 whic it completes he phrase “al of which’, which refers Baek to running cots sok a repr bills, cw and insurance” 1S ess the elaive costs of baying and runing car, and Prchasng snd wintaning a biyele ae const. Those of ra seem go up every yea so fr bicycles they must be “Far lesseapensive 16 whether: the conjunction suse ere to mean tht this happens in| Part 3 Training Useful language: word formation 11 lighted ~ ‘deg s forthe cause of eoings 2 vistors — this isthe nn for people cpr ss they ae coumable and there isnoa) highest” superlative form .eaer comparative form, 'y" changes tS lishke negative, wih peli (Guminabitable ~ negative meaning oun prix and able” sui fotormadstive 7 growing ~ the ing’ form of the veri sed heres am adjective Ratractive "beat inicaten postive ‘meaning the ative is formed y ang ie" 9 fashionably ‘the coment inate poitive meaning, the adjective is formed byadding able” and dhe adver “ly to that roping the Binal ©), WU wealty “extremes” soften followed by an adjective, whi inthis ene is Formed y adding wonderful 2 casily inexperience imprensive Sorsparaions 4 sari S complaint idetermined 9 impolite 196 | Answor Key & transeript Advice 17+ wok” U8 The 9" changes". 19 stesso stressed” 20-un’ and able’ 21.A"is added 22 The tinal indmpped, 23"en' ing’ and noe” 24°) becomes "ands ‘topes Exam task 1 The increasing number of emails we receive ad ways of del swith them 2 aver noun with on” ale final‘! because itis poral 317 actworkineworking: noun is needed to cleat with bth oa al 'sites"” Adding “et 10 "woek” forms a compound ‘Networking’ ialvo posible, with similar meaning. 18 steadily: an aver is required. They" changes 0 andthe Solis Ty" ane added 19 stressful: The adjostive required means something hat use. Stress. The sufi TU (with ame only) i ade. 20, unbearable: An ajective meaning too unpleasant for them ‘caminae experiencing” is eure. The neglive pei nd the shy able” i added, 2 shy: An adjstive mood, so the sui “yy ade 22 commercial ‘Th inal eis dropped and the sufi “il i ‘alld to form the colocation “sammercal organisations 23 enabling: A ve formed fom “able” need, The prefs {Sade the ss drop andthe ing Form is used asthe present pail i regued ere 24. decision: A plural noun is nookd, The “s°becomes an he “e's dioppe. The suffix “ion” is ade, an then an Part 4 Training Useful language: reported speech, linking words, conditional, 11 any owas underlined: by myself) on ay own 2 thovgh I was carrying an bela: undertined: Despite the fren though 3 ha go wp earlier yesterday morning: undesindi sory. diet set / wines had 300 4 have ben the worst storm in history: underindbaiee, was believed to have ben § our house pinted: unertned: Somebody has / We have hab 6 swum inthe sea for years: underined: R's, since, swam haven't sss for 7 thwhether 1 was going to the party underlined: Ave you i fohether). was would have writen to him underline: could’ fi, so, dn ‘nti, hadnt lost. sould have wren 2 Lior 2woukl hulbeen 4evenif Stohave Gon Thal my haircut” Beven though Advice 28 "aslong ay’ 26 havelget something done’ 27 blame. .o¥ DB te pst perfect 29s believed” and to have heen writer” [30 iF thade't ben for? Exam task 1 28ityou're 26repuiring 77 sak ha fallen, on account of 2k epreted. spending, s0 much 29 People believe was BW Withowts/o Jong as 1 was; the second sentence is in ported speech, Le So youre changes to was" The structure is also condition, ‘vith “if becoming either as long a’ or ‘so longa 26 get my old bike repaired: gv is used an alternative wo have” {hihi causative strctae, in which the pst participle follows the abject, the alin profits on: the ver had fallen” besomes the now “all, with the preposition “on used after blame’ 28. wished (that) she adshe'd [spent the idea of regret is expressed as “wished + post perfect” inthe second sentence. Remember that ‘she'd counts as two words. is believed | io have been: the answer uses the repot structure “is believed + pasive perfect infinitive’ for something that ‘people n general think was what happened, when the object. {Gin this case the poer) i more impertant than the subject (who ‘wrote, 30 it ha not been | To: this form expresses the same idea os ‘without your hep’ or the ed condiona, fe. if hadnt had your help’. Part 5 Training 1 antcle 2-1 University of Berkeley in California, University of Edinburgh 2 Sarah Morison, student 3To deserie her experience ofan international student exchange; to encourage otbers to take part in Advice 31 ‘a deciding factor’ 32th hit paragraph 33 my stay there ‘abled me to retuen to Edinburgh with an increased sense of Srwareness about what I wanted fo gun fom my English erature degree” 34 I begins withthe contrast Tink ‘while and says the texpease “ght seem Lik" problem, but dben adds that ‘in reality” {inemational exchanges ‘san setallysave a student mone’. 235 anexchange’ 36 She is using an idiom. Exam practice 31 Comect answer: C: Sarah says ‘a deciding factor” for choosing Edinburgh was “the fact offered more than 230 exchange places at overseas universes’ Lncortect answers: A: She explains that Studcis ‘swap place” for «semester or year ‘during’ their degree, ‘ot before it and first she was going to Edinburgh University. B ‘er sistr had done an Ingemational Exchange, but there is 00 ‘evidence she had studied at Ediaburgh. D: She says that deciding 10 Spend a year abroad was something ofa novelty, i. it was sill a relatively new idea ‘32 Conrect answer: B: She says “you are aware thatthe time you ave in your new country i limited and not to be wasted” and says the fined starting and Finishing dates ‘increases the significance ‘ofthe time inbetween’. Incorrect answers: A: She explains how Fidiglous “holding on to any stereotypes | might have about ‘Americans’ would be by ming a comparison with stereotypes of ‘Buropeans,C: She worked on a student newspaper but continued tora student D: She aks aout her tay there having 3 ‘predetermined start and end, but does no suggest she wanted that say to be any shorter: 83 Correctanswer: A She says ‘my stay there enabled me to return to Bdinburgh with an increased sense of awareness about what ‘wanted to gan from my English itrature degree’ Incorect answers B: By saying she ‘signed up for student-led seminars’, ‘he means she agreed o take pat in academic discussions run by ellow stadents.C: The fact that she “studied under a PliterPrize- winning poet” doesnot necessarily mean tha she bere became {ter poet D: She explains that hor grads a Berkley “Ss'y fctally count towards" her “depree classification a Edinburg ‘34 Correct answer: C: She claims that imerationl exchanges "cam actually save a student money’, giving the examples of lower fees, larger loans and grans. Incorest answers: A: She points out that ‘al insurance "wil ave to be bought’ and does not mention any reduction, B; A student may oly be chargod S0% oftheir home tnivesty’s fees, but that s only ding the exchange year, not throughout the whole degree course, D: She says that lights to the ‘chosen country will have to be bough’, with no mention of cheap flights abroad. [38 Correct answer: A: The expression before (‘a place on’) olloates ‘with an exchange’, and “he grades required in the frst year makes it eleritforms part ofa longer course. Incorrect answers [B: Here, the word “esearch” isa verb that means to find out ahout something inthis case courses. C: The word ‘exchange’ inthis paragraph is used generally, not just with reference 0 those a instutions which offer grams, D: The ‘st yea is only ‘mentioned a the time when qualifying eades nee tobe obtained. [36 Correct answer: B: She uses the idiom If had a pounddllar ete for every time .. would be very wealibylrch et’, meaning bere that she had often heen told his, Incoreet answers: A: She isnot talking Iierally aboot becoming rch, C: Shes not refering tothe svealth of students’ families D She isnot complaining about how Tittle money she earns, she is using an idiom, Part 6 Exam practice 1 anicle 2 [37 Di The phrase “this information’ refers back to what he his learned from his phone, social media and news programmes. The dea ‘of planing sso links forward to the aim, expressed in the next Sentence of geting “his journalists" news presented abzad! ofthat of other. [38 Fe The pias “i oes so" refers back othe story being ‘ready to ‘rn om air on time’ and one eason for this is that hei in friendly ‘Competition with other TV networks. There i also a vocabulary Tink with another broadcaster in the nxt sentence, when he explain what can sometimes happen if he succeeds in beating the “other networks” 39 Gs The verb reply’ refers back o “applications, He gives his own, ‘opinion "its Dest fo keep ying’, and inthe next sentence talks shout “people in this business” who “admire people who don't give upeasiy’. ‘The missing sentence continues the use ofthe second person *You' in this paragraph, and gives an example of the kind of “uck mentioned in the previous sentence 41 Cé The missing sentence says what the people mentioned inthe previous sentence caried, The reference word “the inks back to "one crew” andthe verb form ‘would + infinitive” is often used ina sentence following one that contains ‘used to + infinitive. There js also contrast between the use ofthe past here and the present form “Now there's." inthe next sentence. “The device’ refers back to ‘a smartphone”, and ‘live broadcasting into the sme programme’ forma link with “going straight on ai’. The tex then says “this. whats described Sentence B "has already started to happea’ and there is a vocabulary Fink between device" and ‘the technology’ Notused:E Answer Key & transcript, | 197Advice [37 he then decides om the news priorities ofthe day” ‘38-Making sure t does so mater” 39 keep ying” “40 jose the ight persona the right time? 41 “woul? 42 (an electronic) device Part 7 Exam practice 1 TA single text consisting of five people talking. Five pans 2 School rend these people have met up with again thanks 0 Social media websites. Five adults who have met up again with School friends, 3 which person saye whet Advice 43 she was prety hopeles at maths" 4A: fis and lat sentences 48 amore serious tite’ 46 "quite like’ 47 “were bound 0" 48 should have + past participle 49 ‘st’ ‘cautious’ $01 expressed my sympathy’ $1 ‘Natalia til ooked much the sare" $52 Ttook it for granted Now it turns ou’, “mistake” 2 Exam task 443 D: Maite sys “hack then she was the last person T would have ‘gin becoming en onomist reatse she Was prety hoses 444 C: Olivia alts about ten-year gap in thee lends, and goes ‘onto say ‘we woulda’ ever fet anything like that happea again” 45 D: Maite sys ‘she might be having an influence on me, Ever since ‘we met up again, I've found myself aking a more serious atu tomy caee, with promotion now areal possibly” 46 B: Julia says ‘se remains as sociale as she ever was and 1 suppose we're quite alike in that respect: 47 E:Yan tates ‘Td always known that one way or another we were ‘oun orm into each ther some pint |48 A Nadia says “Thnow I should have made more ofan effort to tay Jn ooeh with Amina hecause we always got on wel together’ 49 C: Ovi admits she was being rather cautious sbout responding ‘when she fist got in touch with me’. 50 Yan tells us “Lexpressed my sympathy when she hear her friend's "news $1 Bs Julia says ‘the fist ting thar struck me was that Natali ti looked mach the same as she had ten years earlier ‘52 C: Olivia says“ sort of tok it for granted that she would end ‘up doing jb that didn’t require qualifications. Now it tums ‘ut she went onto do relly well academically and is curently Philosophy lecturer at top university, and refers back this as 2 ‘mise’ Writing Paper 2 Part 4 (essay) ‘Training Understanding the task; ordering points or reasons; adding Information 1 Topinion 2140 Snotes idea Sagsinst 6both Town Sformal linking Orange M1 plan 12 cach 21 Fintly, To begin with, Fist ofall 2.Next, Theo, Secondly 3 Last but not least, Lastly, Finally 4 In conclusion, To sum up, On To conclude 3 Can: als, aswell as that, besides, furthermore ination, Cannot as wel. too. 44 1 whether cars shoul be banned fom city centres 2 noise and pelluon, anspor bb forthe statomom 2 note 1 in the second paragraph, note 2 in the fourth paragraph 3 making cities less plesant places to ve inthe third paragraph —4 qulifed/conditional agreement wth the satement, stated in the fist paragraph and again inthe Sih €¢1 Firsly/First of allTo begin with 2 Punbermore In addon, AS wwellas hit, Alo 3 Secondly. Nex! 4 In addition, thermore, Aswellasthat, Alo tao 6 Finally, Lasly, Last but not least 7As ella that, Aso, Furthermore, nation To sum ‘up. In conclusion, To conclude Exam practice 1 L which is more important: impeoving people's standard of living ‘or protecting the envizoament.” 2 your English teacher ‘employment, housing Sample ‘Standards of ving have been ising for many years, but at tremendous costo the environment. The question is, his this eavironmenta price been too high? Fis, there isthe huge rise inthe number of houses. As fumes become able afford beter homes. and sometimes also second homes, residential areas have spread from the cities into previously unspoilt county “Then there isthe growth in employment in services paicolaly shopping. tourism and transport Although jobs are essential for pople to live wel these industries are especially harmful tthe ‘avironment a they often involve building huge malls, destroying ‘eau coastal areas and increasing pola Last bt not least, peopl are creating moce waste, for example when they buy rots sold in plastic packaging. get rid of old ‘computers and motile phones, ce teow ot ocaten food, Most of ‘his is ether burnt or dumped, which pollute the atthe land snd the oceans. ‘To conclude rising ving standards ar clearly causing Severe environmental damage. In my view, we shoul concentrate on ‘preventing this rather than tying wo earn bigge salaics, consume ‘more and live in bigger houses. Notes + Uses the first paragraph 1 introduce the rpic and indica the + Covers the tree main points in a paragraph each + Uses arguments support a particular point of view + Writes in an appropriately new 0 formal syle ‘Uses inking expressions wo onder points: fist, the, lst but not least. 1 conclude + Adds information by using also Uses conta link although. Gives examples: 4. bulding huge mall, when they buy product, {Uses in my view to imimedace en opinion in final paragraph [No language errors Fully answers the question Correct lengthWriting Part 2 (letter) Training Useful language: formal expressions Tasaw bopply ewrting deply 2 aexperience good esultable d knowledge 3 disappointed beompisin ecomplaint d pleased 4 a grateful please must dike Text layout; formal & informal language; error correction 11 You went to the theatre to watch a musical, but dd mot enjoy it. 2top-lass musical entertainment with famous artists, excelent restaurant, discount for young people 3 formal a [ Dees, copia ‘5p Tam wing you compli so be 7 |e wags lg fed msc | sting yout bet Th wy al wae ia | xed ameaanl ened cei | Cerigia eo la, Meee ea come ‘ing given. In addition, the show shoutd_| HOW have stared 1930 sctsidinthe ee rnewspeper not 20.15, retee | 138 ett discon wer avaiable ig | Soca Thad ed ut ez wee ithe | pag pre ti i ot ST es ‘apie’ pay ul pce forthe ike nd 1 was ol at all pleased about that. | polite Afr te show Twas nr 01 went Upstairs oe est Tw ery serine oid it was ch 7 com | TOPS yo Urn how feel about his lector It certainly was not a perfect evening out and ‘mark Lot therefore cae ‘Yours faithful, aes formal Enuilo Ric Note: despite these mistakes, the candidate's tet follows the exam {instructions in terms of length and content, and overall cam be anderstood. 316s (approximately 180, yes the uses foemal phrases like “L-wish apply Tor the posto, Tenelose ete) inthe second paragraph 3 He lives nearby and be enoys cooking. 444 curculum vita’ (CV), which sa writen recon of his ‘education and previous jobs: be hopes this will demonstrate his suitability” $ They enn contact im if they nood more information Exam practice (letter) 1 Lan achertsement fra jb nan English language magazine 2 «holiday job working wih young peopl ina summer carp inthe ‘countryside 3 wheter you enjoy worRing with youne peopl ike Sports and speak English pls at east one other lange foal 2 Sample, (written by a strong First candidate) rrr Dear Me Tah ] Thave ead with iret your advertisement in the atest eon ‘of Tneretng Job’ and {wou ike to ppl for the pot 4am 21 years of age and Tha resent finished my statin For | teat athena ich ring acim | con he coat [My father is English and therefore speak English vent. Four | eas ago also stared to ean French, and have now reached « fairly high lve bth in speaking and writing. In ado, Tam intrested in all kind of sports, especialy vlleybal, “My reason fr applying is that enjoy working wth young ‘People nd would ike ows my orig languages. 1 hal be gd to supply ay fue information you may require 1am abet attend an interview at any tine convenient o you. "ook: forward o bearing from you Your sively Notes + Corres begining ond ending + Opening scent ses. clear reason for writing 2 Answers the tre questions in v0 man pragraphs + Wires ina stably formal ste * Good use of linking expressions ‘therefore’ aso and ‘In anion * Good range of verb forms and grammatical scans, with some god yoeebular know my way around, thnoupy nose Weep nach + Gives reasons for appli for the job ‘Shows hebfdess, wing aprorit anguae: shal be glad {0 apply an farther information vo may rege: + Shoes wilingnss wo be interviewed. wing the pole expression + Polite fal semence, rain the fare + No language errs, + Conrect length Writing Part 2 (review) Training Useful tanguage: review 1 1Pausing 2Crtcising 3Recommending 4 Advising not todo something 2 LAlthough 2Deypite 3 However spite Seven 3 A though it was ate at night. 2of dhe heavy trafic, ofthe fact (hat) the trafic was heavy, we arived on time. 3 we asked twice forcolfee, the wate didn't bring it. 4 though we were along way from the stage, I could ear every word they sd. Ste fact (that) the bed was/ the bed being to short, 1 would stil recommend this ote Understanding instructions, 1 Key words think of, holiday home, review hows, apartment, website, travellers, tourists describe, why 4 staying ina holiday home 2 website for travellers and tourists rly formal 3 describe the pace where you stayed and give reasons why you did or diet enjoy being there 4 recommendation or advice against staying thee Answer Key & transcript | 1992 Yes, the writer and hisher family enjoyed staying there. 13 comfortable, closet facilities, spotlessy clea: to check frst thatthe building work has finshed next door 2 hee-bed#oom, tractive, beautifl, well equipped. spacious, cory twin, nosy. ‘comforable, spodesly clean 3 Although In spite of, but and, In ‘dition, also, as, if 4 Although the flat was advertised as, we were ‘isappointed to discover tht, too noisy to, we had an enjoyable stay at, Wo were als pleased o find, Ifyou have the opportunity 10, would advise Exam practice (review) 11 The college English language magazine 2 desctbe the stmospher, describe the food, explain why you think {your class would enjoy being tere. 2 Sample review (written by a strong Frst candidate) eudietds cassis seamed [Review of restaurant fier considering many oer possible places, believe the most ‘stable restaurant is the ‘Waterill Inn. is 2 medium-sized festarant loeated near the city centre, and as its mame suggests it ‘esembles a old-fashioned watermill 1 can easily be accessed by a variety of means of wanspot. For instance, there i a public ‘us service anda subway station nearby. [belive this restaurants suitable for the cass forthe following reavons, Fn, the fod served is carefully prepared snd cooked bilan. This restaurant is krowa to employ some of the best chefs the city — perhaps the country 35 well ‘There is also a variety of choices. The dishes vary from ‘egctarian meals to traitonal ones, Furtbermere, the waiters are friendly, always kind and help Although tis ater expensive, I think tis definitely a good ‘option, and we should not forge that thee are redced ates for groups of people. Fially, it mst be pointed out that this restaurant is nether crowded nor cramped, and the atmosphere is what everyone needs in order to relax after imtensve study. Notes 1+ Well onanised into paragraphs, with good introduction and clear recommendation ‘Answers all thre parts of the question + Correct length and appropriate sie fora review probably read by young people + Use of addition and contrast Uns (eg “irs, Furthermore’ “although’) + Goed deseripnive expressions (e.g, ‘neither crowded nor cramped’) + No language errors Writing Part 2 (article) Training Understanding the task 1 1topic 2magarine Sinterest 4tile Sinroduction informal Trong Bopinions Sexperencrs 10ending Useful language: strong expressions 2 Lusty 2hot 3small beautiful Surprising unhappy Told” Shungry Yclean 1crowded Understanding instructions 1 Key words: college newslewer, travel articles, tkad, describing. hy. recommend, best published 1 college newslencr” 2 Ic wil published in the newslete. 200 | Answer Key & transcript 2-1Yes2Yos 3 Yes: the fest four paragraphs include description. the ith gives reasons for recommending it wo diferent types ‘of pople and the sixth says why the wniter recommends it for everyone 31 frst, moreover, in alton, to sum up 2 that meant, therefore, so. 3 marvellous, a paradise fantastic, scorching, breathtaking, ‘ure, dead simple, an absolute deam "4 exclamation mats, uses of dashes, "the thing Tike, “dead simple’, lots of” Exam practice (article) 1 an online magazine how wo remain heathy how to keep fi 22 Sample (written by a very strong First candidate) premier he bia eee Stay healthy, stay it “There slot people can do in today's world to keep themselves bealthy and it f you are aware ofthe comection between food and beth you can start changing your eating habits. “Try toca es junk fod and dink water instead of cola with your dinner Improve your cooking by using less eear,buter ‘and salt. Don't forget the imporance of vegetables and fruit ‘Tokeep fit there are also lot of things you ean do. [Fyou don't like going othe gym. you can always go fora walk People in today’s world tend obe lazy. You could walk when ‘you g0 © work and when you ae doing your shopping instead taking the car. A twenty-minute fast walk a day is enough 10 keep yo ft. For those who live along way from their work, there are other ‘options. Try dancing, horse-riding or swimming, whatever you find enjoyable, Just ty to make an effort and you wil keep ft and healthy fo longer! Notes + Tile catcher the reader's atention + Well organised into paragraphs 1 Deals with both part ofthe task '+ Correct length and appropriate se foranaricle + Good idiomatie expressions, eg. ‘Don’ forget the Importance of. People in today's world nd 0..." whauever You find’ ‘Sst. and you will. + ‘Stable tapi setences in mot paragraphs + Good use of conditional forms, e. ‘Ifyou are aware of. ‘can. Ifyou dow’ lke. you can always." + Final sentence encourages te reader to tke ation + Nolanguage errors Paper 3 Listening Exam practice Part 1 1 people talking in a watch repair shop, two speakers 1 someone talking on a tai, one woman 1a judge ona talent show, one woman 1 a talkin «community centre, one person ~ gender not stated 1 a conversation about saving money, one man 1 someone talking about a concer being cancelled, one woman 1 someone talking shout thei ablet computer, one woman