ELICIT

ELICIT
Speed vs Velocity
SPEED is simply “How fast?” whereas
VELOCITY is “How fast, and in which
direction?”
 What is acceleration?
When there is acceleration?
When there is NO
acceleration?
Motion 1
40 kph 20 kph 0 kph

10 s 5s 0s

Speed Direction Velocity Acceleration

CHANGING CONSTANT CHANGING YES

Motion 2 40 kph

40 kph

0s
40 kph 10 s

Direction Acceleration
Speed Velocity
15 s CONSTANT CHANGING CHANGING YES
Motion 3 0 kph

20 kph

0s
40 kph 10 s

Speed Direction Velocity Acceleration

15 s
CHANGING CHANGING CHANGING YES
Motion 4 50 kph 50 kph
50 kph

10 s 5s 0s

Direction Velocity Acceleration

Speed
CONSTANT CONSTANT CONSTANT NO
Motion 5 0 kph

0 s-10s

Direction Acceleration
Speed Velocity
ZERO/NONE NONE NONE NO
Describing Acceleration
Speed Direction Velocity Acceleration

Changing Constant Changing Yes

Constant Changing Changing Yes

Changing Changing Changing Yes

Constant Constant Constant No

Zero None Zero No

When there is acceleration?
•There is acceleration when the
speed changes while the direction
is constant.
•There is acceleration when the
direction changes while the speed
is constant
When there is acceleration?
•There is acceleration when
both speed and direction
change.
•There is acceleration when the
velocity changes.
When there is NO acceleration?
•There is No acceleration when
both speed and direction are
constant.
•There is No acceleration when
the velocity is constant
What is acceleration?
•Acceleration or Average
acceleration is the rate of change of
velocity.
•In equation:
a = ΔV / Δt
a = Vf - Vi but ti = 0 so a = Vf – Vi
tf - ti t
ACCELERATION is
caused by a NET
FORCE.
 Most Essential Learning
Competency
❑Investigate the relationship
between the amount of force
applied and the mass of the object
to the amount of change in the
object’s motion. (Week 1 S8FE-Ia-
15)
Objectives:
❑Define Force
❑Identify the effect of force
on an object.
❑Describe the effect of an
object’s mass and the
amount of force applied on
the object’s motion
ENGAGE
4 PICS, GUESS THE
WORD

O C
ENGAGE
4 PICS, GUESS THE
WORD

F O R C E
ENGAGE
a)Will this object move by itself?
b)How can we make this object move?
c)While it is moving, how can we make
the object speed up or slow down?
d)How can we make it stop?
e)How can we make it change its
direction?
So what can we conclude from
here?
A push or pull to an object is known as force.
In order to make an object move starting from rest
position, force is needed.
Force can make a moving object stop.

Force can change the direction of a moving object.

Describing a FORCE
•Force can be operationally
defined based on observed
effects. This means that a
force can be described in
terms of what it does.
However, forces do not
always cause motion. It does
not necessarily follow that
forces acting on an object
will always cause it to move.
FORCE CAN BE A CONTACT AND A NON CONTACT
 Examine the ball on top of the table (see
figure 6). Choose the letter of your
Most of the motions we come across in answer to the given conditions below:
our daily life are caused primarily by
FORCE.
To better understand the topic, perform
the simple activities that follow:
To accurately describe the forces acting on an object, let us examine the figure
below:
MAGNITUDE
It refers to the size or strength of the
force. It is commonly expressed in
Newton (N) for Meter-Kilogram-Second
(MKS) system.
DIRECTION
The points to where the object goes.
The direction of the arrowhead
indicates the direction of the force. The
length of the arrow represents the
amount of force (relative magnitude).
POINT OF APPLICATION
The location of where the force is
applied.
LINE OF ACTION
It is the straight line passing
through the point of application and
is parallel to the direction of force.
 MOTION WHAT CAUSES
MOTION?
FORCE

BALANCED FORCE UNBALANCED FORCE CONTACT FORCE NON CONTACT FORCE

APPLIED FORCE GRAVITATIONAL

NORMAL FORCE FORCE

FRICTONAL FORCE ELECTRICAL FORCE

TENSIONAL FORCE MAGNETIC FORCE

SPRING FORCE
AIR RESISTANCE
FORCE
There are two types of force,
namely:
Contact Forces
These are forces where objects
touch or contact with each other.

Examples of Contact Forces:

APPLIED FORCE
A force given to a person
or object by another
person or object. Its
symbol is F depending on
who or what applies force
to the object. If a boy
applies a force to a wall, we
denote it with FBOY.
NORMAL FORCE
It is the force that acts perpendicular to the
surface of the object in contact with. Its symbol is
FN.

Figure 10. Normal force (FN) acts perpendicular to the surface.

FRICTION FORCE
It is the force acting against
or opposite an object in
contact with which makes
the movement of the object
slow down. Friction always
Figure 9. Frictional force (Ff) acts opposite to
the force applied

opposes the motion of an

object. Its symbol is written
as Ff.
TENSION FORCE
It is the force applied to string, rope, chain or
cable. Its symbol is T.

Figure 11. Tensional force or simply tension (T) that acts on the rope of a hanging ball
SPRING FORCE
AIR RESISTANCE FORCE
Non- Contact Forces
These are forces where objects do
not touch or contact with each other.

Examples of Non- contact Forces:

GRAVITATIONAL FORCE
It is the force of attraction between two objects. In the
case of the Earth, this gravitational force causes
objects to fall down to the ground.

Figure 12. Gravitational force Figure 13. Illustration of the weight of a book
between the Earth and the Moon. (WBOOK) on the table with normal force (FN).
MAGNETIC FORCE
These are forces
exerted on a field
of attraction or
repulsion as in the
case of magnets
and other magnetic
materials.
 MOTION WHAT CAUSES
MOTION?
FORCE

BALANCED FORCE UNBALANCED FORCE CONTACT FORCE NON CONTACT FORCE

APPLIED FORCE GRAVITATIONAL

NORMAL FORCE FORCE

FRICTONAL FORCE ELECTRICAL FORCE

TENSIONAL FORCE MAGNETIC FORCE

SPRING FORCE
AIR RESISTANCE
FORCE
Balanced Forces
Forces that are equal in magnitude but opposite
in direction are called balanced forces.
Balanced forces do not cause a change in motion.

Figure 15. A representation of balanced forces in a tug-of-war game

ACTIVITY 2
BALANCED FORCES
CONDITION # 1
•An object experiences a balanced force, if it has
a net force of zero which indicates that all
forces cancel each other’s effect.
CONDITION # 2
•If no changes in the state of motion are
produced. (CONSTANT SPEED/ VELOCITY)
CONDITION # 1

F1=10 N F2=-10 N

Fnet=F1+ F2
= 10N + (-10)
=0N
CONDITION # 2
Constant
Speed

Constant
FA direction

Constant
velocity

Zero
acceleration

Balanced
Force
Unbalanced Forces
Forces that cause a change in the motion of an
object are unbalanced forces. Unbalanced forces
are not equal and in opposite direction.

Figure 16. A representation of unbalanced force in a tug-of-war game

UNBALANCED FORCES
CONDITION # 1
•An object experiences an unbalanced force, if it
has a net force which is NOT EQUAL to ZERO (0)
CONDITION # 2
•If there are changes in the state of motion are
produced. (CHANGING SPEED/ VELOCITY)
CONDITION # 1

F1=10 N F2=-5 N

Fnet=F1+ F2
= 10N + (-5)
= 5 N (RIGHT)
CONDITION # 2
Changing
Speed

Constant
direction

Changing
velocity

Acceleration
Fk is Not zero

Unbalanced
Force
Net or Resultant Force
➢Net force or resultant force is the
sum of all forces acting on an
object. Two or more forces in the
same line of action exerted on an
object are balanced if their effects
cancel each other.
Net or Resultant Force
➢When an object is at rest, a zero
net force would make the object
remains at rest. Moreover, when the
object is moving, a zero net force
would make the object maintain its
velocity at a given time interval.
Net or Resultant Force
➢When the net force is not zero, the
object’s velocity will change. A net
force exerted to an object at rest
may cause the object to move.
Net or Resultant Force
➢In a moving object, a net force will
increase its velocity when the force
is in the same direction of its
motion.
Net or Resultant Force
➢If the net force is in the opposite
direction of the object’s motion, the
force will reduce the object’s velocity.
When the net force acts sideways on a
moving object, the direction of the
object’s velocity changes.
Net or Resultant Force
➢When the net force acts sideways
on a moving object, the direction
of the object’s velocity changes.
RESULTANT/NET FORCE
•The single force that acts and causes a change in the
state of motion of an object.
F1=10 N
F2=10 N

Fnet=20 N
RESULTANT/NET FORCE
•The vector SUM of all the forces acting on an object.

F1=10 N
F2=-20 N

Fnet=F1+ F2
= 10N + (-20) Fnet=-10 N
= -10 N
QUIZ
1-5. 1. An applied force is given to a crate to push it to the
right across the floor at a constant speed. Consider
gravitational force and normal force. Ignore air resistance
and frictional force.. Draw an FBD.
QUIZ
Solve for the RESULTANT/NET FORCE.

An 80N of force is applied by a male student to a table

going to the right, while a 35N of force is also applied by
another male student to the table going to the left. Solve
for Net Force. Draw an FBD.

A 50 N of force is used to move a karaoke machine from

rest position going to the right. Another force is applied to
the right with a magnitude of 55N. Solve for the net force.
Draw an FBD.