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Exp - 01

This document describes an experiment to determine the turn ratio of a single-phase power transformer. The experiment involves measuring the voltage and current ratios between the primary and secondary windings when different voltages are applied to the primary. The voltage ratio is determined by measuring the primary and secondary voltages. The current ratio is determined by measuring the primary and secondary currents while adjusting a rheostat to vary the load current. Data from the measurements will be recorded and analyzed to calculate the turn ratio using defined formulas. The results will be discussed to identify any discrepancies and determine which method of measurement is more accurate.

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Antor Khan
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20 views

Exp - 01

This document describes an experiment to determine the turn ratio of a single-phase power transformer. The experiment involves measuring the voltage and current ratios between the primary and secondary windings when different voltages are applied to the primary. The voltage ratio is determined by measuring the primary and secondary voltages. The current ratio is determined by measuring the primary and secondary currents while adjusting a rheostat to vary the load current. Data from the measurements will be recorded and analyzed to calculate the turn ratio using defined formulas. The results will be discussed to identify any discrepancies and determine which method of measurement is more accurate.

Uploaded by

Antor Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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University of Asia Pacific (UAP)

Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EEE)

EEE 222: Electrical and Electronics Engineering II Lab


Experiment No- 01

Study of a Single Phase Transformer and Determination of Turn Ratio

Introduction:
A transformer is a static device comprising coils coupled through a magnetic medium connecting
two ports at different or same voltage levels in an electric system allowing the interchange of
electrical energy between the ports in either direction via the magnetic field. The most important
tasks performed by transformer.
1. Changing voltage and current levels in electric power system.
2. Matching source and load impedance for maximum power transfer in electrical and
communication system.
3. Electrical isolation, isolating one circuit from another.
A transformer is its simple form consist essentially two insulated windings interlinked by a
common or mutual magnetic field established in a core of magnetic material. When one of the
windings termed the primary is connected to an alternating voltage source an alternating flux is
produced in the core with amplitude depending on the primary voltage and number of primary
turns. This mutual flux links the other windings called the secondary. A voltage is induced in this
secondary and its magnetic will depend on the number of secondary turns if the secondary voltage
is greater than the primary value the transformer is called a step up transformer. If it is less it is
known as a step down transformer. If primary and secondary voltage is equal, the transformer is
said to have a one to one ratio. One to one ratio transformer is used so electrically isolate two parts
of a circuit. Any transformer may be used as a step up or step down depending on the way it is
connected. The turn ratio of a transformer is defined as in this experiment we shall determine the
turn ratio of a power transformer.
𝐍 𝐄 𝐈
a= 𝟏 = 𝟏= 𝟐
𝐍 𝟐 𝐄 𝟐 𝐈𝟏
Apparatus:
1. Two AC voltmeters ( 0-300 V)
2. Two AC ammeter (0-10 A)
3. One single phase transformer.
4. One rheostat (current rating greater than or equal to 5 A)
5. Auto transformer (Variac)
6. Wires and cords.
Experimental Setup:
H1 X1

Variable
AC V V
Supply

H2 X2
(a)

H1 X1
A A

Variable
AC V V Load
Supply

H2 X2
(b)
Procedure:

A. Voltage Ratio:-
1. Connect the primary (H1 – H2) terminals of the primary to 220 volt AC supply as shown in
the figure- a.
2. Measure the voltage at the supply and also across secondary (X1 – X2).
3. Find the turn ratio using this formula:-

𝐕𝟏 (𝐇𝟏 − 𝐇𝟐 )
a=
𝐕𝟐 (𝐗 𝟏 − 𝐗 𝟐 )

4. Repeat step-1 to step-3 for supply voltage 160 V, 180 V, 200 V, 220 V.

B. Current Ratio:-
1. Connect two ammeter in the primary and secondary circuit as shown in the figure- b.
2. Adjust the rheostat such that the reading of any ammeter does not exceed the current rating
of the ammeters and the rheostat. Take three readings of both meters by adjusting the
rheostat.
3. Find the turn ratio using the formula:-
𝐈𝟐 (𝐗 𝟏 − 𝐗 𝟐)
a=
𝐈𝟏 (𝐇𝟏 − 𝐇𝟐 )
Data sheet:

A. Voltage Ratio:-

E1 (V) E2 (v) 𝐄𝟏
a=
𝐄𝟐

160 V
180 V
200 V
220 V

B. Current Ratio:-
E1 (V) I1 (A) I2 (A) 𝐈𝟐
a=
𝐈𝟏

160 V
180 V
200 V
220 V

Report:

1. Show all the data in tabular form.


2. Determine the turn ratio (a) of the transformer from the voltage and current readings using
the appropriate formula. Discuss the discrepancies if any.
3. Which method of determining turn ratio is more accurate and why?
4. Define the terms ideal transformer turn ratio, step up, and step down transformer.
5. Why transformers are rated in KVA instead of KW.
6. What will happen if we apply DC voltage in the primary winding?
7. Why current rating is important for rheostat?

Revised by: Md. Abdullah-Al-Kaiser, Subbir Reza, dept. of EEE, UAP

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