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LECTURE

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NOR EJATI BINTI DORA STUDENT
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LECTURE

Uploaded by

NOR EJATI BINTI DORA STUDENT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AMJ30203/3

REINFORCED CONCRETE
STRUCTURE DESIGN 1
BY: TS. DR. NORLIA MOHAMAD IBRAHIM
LECTURE #2
INTRODUCTION TO
REINFORCED CONCRETE
STRUCTURE DESIGN
LO01: INTRODUCE THE NEW EUROPEAN CODE
OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN OF CONCRETE
STRUCTURES, EC2.
LO02: EXPLAIN THE BACKGROUND TO THE
EUROCODES AND THE MAIN DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN THEM AND THE EQUIVALENT
STANDARD CODES OF PRACTICE
What is reinforced concrete
structure?
◦It is a composite material consisting of steel
reinforcing bars embedded in concrete.
◦These two main materials complement each
other. Concrete is very good in compression
resistance, meanwhile steel bars, can resist
high tensile stresses.
◦However, steel are very expensive, therefore
it is more economical to only provide steel
bars predominantly in those zone within a
concrete member which will be subjected to
tensile stresses with minimum number of
steel at compressive zone.
REBAR
Properties of steel and concrete
STEEL CONCRETE
◦ Fair compressive strength ◦ Very good in compressive
but slender bar will buckle strength
◦ Very good to resit tensile ◦ Poor tensile stress
strength resistance
◦ Provides shear strength ◦ Good in providing fire
◦ Corrodes if unprotected resistance and durability
◦ Poor in fire resistance
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
It is a process of determination of reliable
structural system, selection of suitable materials
and obtaining the optimum member sizes for the
structure to be built.
Here are the basic requirements for a good
structural design:
1)Function and aesthetic: The arrangement of span,
ceiling height, access ability, and traffic flow must
complement the intended use.
2)Safety and reliable: a structure must be strong enough to
support all anticipated loadings safelyand it must not
deflect, overturn, tilt, vibrate or crack in any manner
that impair its usefulness.
3) economical and cost effective: the overall cost of the
structure should not exceed the budget and at the same
time it will not jeopardize its safety.
◦4) Maintainability and sustainability: A
structure should be designed to require
minimum maintenance and be able to be
maintained with ease.
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
COLUMN
Vertical
members
carrying
primarily axial
loads but
generally
subjected to
axial loads and
moment.
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
WALLS
Vertical plate
elements
resisting
vertical, lateral
or in-plane
loads.
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
SLAB
Horizontal plate
elements
carrying lateral
loads
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
BEAM
Horizontal
members
carrying lateral
loads
REINFORCED
CONCRETE
STAIRS
Plate elements
consisting of a
flight of steps,
usually with one
or more
landings
provided
between the
floor levels.
INTRODUCTION TO
EUROCODE 2
What is CODE OF PRACTICE ?

◦Document that gives recommendations for


the design and construction of structures.
◦Contains detailed requirements regarding
loads, stresses, strengths, design formulas
and methods of achieving the required
performance of complete structures.
Function of the Codes
◦The codes function at least four distinct
functions. Firstly, they ensure adequate
structural safety by specifying certain
essential minimum requirements for design.
◦Analysis is produced in the form of a simple
formula or chart.
◦The codes ensure a measure of consistency
among different designers
◦Will help to protect the structural engineers
from any liability due to structural failures
cause by inadequate supervision, defective
materials and construction faults.
◦The structural Eurocodes are European
suite of codes for structural design
developed over twenty years (started since
1975).
◦March 2010 they have basically replaced the
current British Standard as the primary basis
for designing buildings and civil engineering
structures in the UK.
◦.
◦EC is claimed to be the most technically
advanced structural design codes in the world. It
is actually a performance code which has more
advantages over British Standards which is a
descriptive code.
The main comparison between EC and BS
EC BS
◦Action ◦Force or imposed
◦Verification
displacement
◦Check
◦Resistance
◦Capacity
◦Execution
◦Construction
◦Permanent action ◦Dead load
◦Variable action ◦Live load or imposed load
◦Isostatic ◦Primary
DESIGN
REQUIREMENTS
Basic requirements
◦A structure shall be designed and executed in
such a way that it will, during its intended life,
with appropriate degrees of reliability and in an
economical way sustain all actions and influences
likely to occur during execution and use, and
remain fit for use for which it is required.
◦A structure shall be designed to have adequate
structural resistance, serviceability and durability.
◦In case of fire, the structural resistance shall
be adequate for the required period of time.
◦A structure shall be designed and executed
in such a way that it will not be damaged by
events such as explosion, impact and the
consequences of human errors to an extent
disproportionate to the original cause.
◦ See page 9 for design working life.

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