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Lesson 1B Activity

The document contains examples of using truth tables to determine if logical statements are equivalent. It also contains examples of determining the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of conditional statements. Finally, it provides examples of using logical equivalence laws to simplify compound statements and prove statements logically equivalent.

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julianmicomagsino11
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22 views3 pages

Lesson 1B Activity

The document contains examples of using truth tables to determine if logical statements are equivalent. It also contains examples of determining the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of conditional statements. Finally, it provides examples of using logical equivalence laws to simplify compound statements and prove statements logically equivalent.

Uploaded by

julianmicomagsino11
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Magsino, Jullian Mico M.

BSIT-BLK3

ASSESSMENT:
A. Determine whether the following statements are logically equivalent using truth
tables.

1. (p ˅ ~q) ˄ ~p and ~ (p ˅ q) _________________________________

p q ~p ~q (p ˅~q) (p ˅ ~q) ˄ ~p (p ˅ q) ~ (p ˅ q)
T T F F T F T F
T F F T T F T F
F T T F F F T F
F F T T T T F T

2. ~ (p ↔ ~q) and (~p → q) _________________________________

p q ~q ~p p ↔ ~q ~ (p ↔ ~q) ~p → q
T T F F F T T
T F T F T F T
F T F T T F T
F F T T F T F

B. Given the following conditional statements, determine the converse, inverse, and
the contrapositive.

1. If the sky is blue, then desserts are dry.

Converse: If the desserts are dry, then the sky is blue.


Inverse: If the sky is not blue, then desserts are not dry.
Contrapositive: If the desserts are not dry, then the sky are not blue.

2. If Pluto is not a planet, then sun is the center of the solar system.

Converse: If the sun is the center of the solar system, then the Pluto is not a planet.
Inverse: If Pluto is a planet, then the sun is not the center of the solar system
Contrapositive: If the sun is not the center of the solar system, then Pluto is a planet.

3. If Superman is the man of steel, then Batman is the Dark Knight.

Converse: If Batman is the Dark Knight, then Superman is the man of steel.
Inverse: If Superman is not the man of steel, then Batman is not the Dark Knight.
Contrapositive: If Batman is not the Dark Knight, then Superman is not the man of
steel.
APPLICATION:
A. Simplify the following compound statements using the laws of equivalent.

1. ~ (~p ˄ ~q) ˄ (~p ˅ q) ˄ (p ˅ ~q) ˄ (~ p ˅ ~q)


Steps Reasons
≡ [~ (~p) ˅ ~(~q)] ˄ (~p ˅ q) ˄ (p ˅ ~q) ˄ (~ p ˅ ~q) Double Negation law
≡ (p ˅ q) ˄ (~p ˅ q) ˄ (p ˅ ~q) ˄ (~ p ˅ ~q)
≡ [(p ˅ q) ˄ (~p ˅ q)] ˄ [(p ˅ ~q) ˄ (~ p ˅ ~q)] Distributive law
≡ [(p ˄ ~p) ˅ q] ˄ [(p ˄ ~ p) ˅ ~q] Inverse law
≡ (F ˅ q) ˄ (F ˅ ~q) Identity law
≡ q ˄ ~q Inverse law
≡F

2. (p ˅ ~r) ˄ ~ [(q ˅ r) ˅ ~ (r ˅ p)]


Steps Reasons
≡ (p ˅ ~r) ˄ ~ (q ˅ r) ˄ ~ [~ (r ˅ p)] Double Negation law
≡ (p ˅ ~r) ˄ ~ (q ˅ r) ˄ (r ˅ p) De Morgan`s law
≡ (p ˅ ~r) ˄ (~q ˄ ~r) ˄ (r ˅ p)
≡ [(p ˅ ~r) ˄ ~r] ˄ ~q) ˄ (r ˅ p) Absorption law
≡ ~r ˄ ~q ˄ (r ˅ p) Commutative law
≡ ~q ˄ ~r ˄ (r ˅ p)
≡ ~q ˄ [~r ˄ (r ˅ p)] Distributive law
≡ ~q ˄ [(~r ˄ r) ˅ (~r ˄ p)] Inverse law
≡ ~q ˄ [F ˅ (~r ˄ p)] Identity law
≡ ~q ˄ (~r ˄ p) Commutative law
≡ ~q ˄ (p ˄ ~r)
≡ (~q ˄ p) ˄ ~r) Associative law
≡ p ˄ ~q ˄ ~r
B. Prove that the following compound propositions is logically equivalent using the
laws of logical equivalence
1. ( p ∧ q)∧ ( p ∨ q ) ¿ ≡ p

( p ∧ q)∧ ( p ∨ q ) ¿ ≡ p Given

q pV q q
(p ) (p ) ≡p Associative Law
q ¿
(p ) ≡p De Morgan's Law
p ^ p V p ^ q ≡p Idempotent Law
p V p ^ q ≡p Idempotent Law
p V q ≡p Domination Law
p≡p Identity Law

Type equation here .

Example: Prove the following compound propositions are logically equivalent


using laws of logical equivalence.
a. [ p ∨ ( p ∨q ) ]≡ p ∧ q
[ p ∨ ( p ∨q ) ]≡ p ∧ q Given
¿ Distributive Law
[T ∨ ( p ∨ q )]≡ p ∧ q Inverse Law
( p ∨q ) ≡ p ∧ q Domination Law
p∧ q≡ p∧ q De Morgan’s Law

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