UI Proceedings on Science and Technology, Vol.

2 2019

Comparative Study of Circular Plate Displacement Based on MITC3

Finite Element Formulation

Ika Wulandari*, Imam Jauhari Maknun

Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia

*e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract— This paper presents a comparison of MITC3 plate element with different mesh directions.
MITC3 is a three-node triangular element with three degrees of freedom proposed by Lee and Bathe. The
circular plate problem with left and right mesh directions is used in the numerical test to verify the
performance and show the convergence of three-node triangular elements.

Keywords—Finite element method, MITC3 plate element, triangular element

3
I. INTRODUCTION x   N i xi , (1)
The finite element method has been used in the past i 1
3
several decades to approximate the exact solution of a
mathematical model. Two plate theories have been y   Ni yi , (2)
i 1
described. Kirchhoff–Love plate theory, which is used
where the shape function of node-i is
C1 continuity, neglects shear deformation and can be
used in thin plates; Reissner–Mindlin plate theory N1  1     , N 2   , N3  
considers shear deformation and uses C 0 continuity [1].
Reissner–Mindlin theory is simpler and more efficient
than Kirchhoff–Love plate theory and can be used to
analyze thick and thin plates. However, this element
encounters shear locking in thin plates, causing
overstiffness. Several techniques were developed to
alleviate shear locking. Assumed natural strains (ANS)
was proposed by Hughes et al. in 1981 [6]. The Mixed
Interpolation of Tensorial Component (MITC3) element
is a three-node triangular element developed based on Fig. 1. Geometric aspect of triangular element
Reissner–Mindlin plate theory and independent shear
strain field proposed by Lee and Bathe in 2004 [2], and B. Displacement of Plate Element
this development is still being improved [8-10]. The key MITC3 is a three-node element with three degrees of
role of the MITC3 element is to interpolate displacement freedom [12]. They are one translation in the z direction
and strain independently and connect at the tying point. (w) and two rotations in the z-x plane (  x ) and z-y plane
The interpolation of shear strain is based on the ANS [7-
(  y ). The displacement interpolation of the MITC3 plate
8].
The purpose of this paper is to compare the element can be expressed as
performance of the MITC3 element with different mesh 3
directions. The numerical test of the circular bending plate w   Ni wi , (3)
with left and right mesh directions is used to compare and i 1
evaluate the performance.
3
MITC3 methods and finite element analysis in
 x   Ni  xi , (4)
FEAP8.3 software are used in this study. i 1
A. Geometry of Plate Element 3
The geometry of the three-node triangular plate  y   Ni  yi , (5)
elements is interpolated by i 1

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where, D. Shear Strain Matrix

 xi : Rotation in z-x plane of node-i The shear deformation field is assumed linear in each
element [11]:
 xi : Rotation in z-y plane of node-i
   
   x    Ni  xi  .
3
(11)

 
y i i 
 
yi 

Fig. 2. Degrees of freedom of triangular element

C. Bending Strain Matrix

The relation of bending and curvature is given by
Fig. 3. Tying points of MITC3 element
 x   x 
    . (6)
 y   z  y  The interpolation of the transverse shear strain field
    can be expressed as
2 xy   xy 
The relation of curvature and rotation is given by   a1  b1  c1 , (12)

 x    x , x    a2  b2   c2  , (13)
    . (7)
 y     y , y     , (14)
    s 
 xy   x, y   y , x  2

The relation between curvature and nodal where  is assumed constant along the  direction
displacement is given by and  is assumed constant along the  direction
   Bb un  . (8)
  a1  c1 , (15)
The first derivation of rotation of Equations (4) and (5)
can be expressed as   a2  b2  . (16)
3

x, x 
  N  N  N  N  ,
i 1
i,x xi 1, x x1 2, x x2 3, x x3 At nodes 1 and 2

3
  0, 0   a1 ;  1, 0   a1 . (17)
 y, y   Ni , y  yi  N1, y  y1  N 2, y  y 2  N3, y  y 3 ,
i 1 At nodes 1 and 3
  0, 0   a2 ;   0,1  a2 . (18)
3 3
 x , y   y , x   Ni , y  xi   Ni , x  yi . (9)
i 1 i 1
The constant shear deformation along the edge is as
The bending strain matrix for the MITC3 element can be follows.
expressed as:
At node 3:
0 N1, x 0 0 N 2,x 0 0 N3, x 0 
  0,1  a1  c1 (19)
 Bb   0 0 N1, y 0 0 N 2, y 0 0

N3, y 
0 N1, y N1, x 0 N 2, y N 2,x 0 N3, y N3,x  At node 2:

(10)  1, 0   a2  b2 (20)

and s 1, 0    s  0,1 (21)

un  w1  x1  y1 w2 x2 y2 w3 x3  y3 1
2
 1,0   1,0  1
2
 0,1   0,1 (22)

 a1    a2  b2   a1  c1    a2  (23)

2 2

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b2  c1  c (24)

Thus,  and  can be expressed as

  a1  c ;   a2  c (25)

At point C ( = 1/2, = 1/2),

Cs 
1
2
C  C  , (26)

1  A 1   B 1   , (27)
Cs     c      c   Fig. 4. Mesh direction of circular plate
2  2   2 

c  ( B)  (A)  (C )  (C ) , (28) Tables I and II present the central displacement of
circular plates under simply supported and clamped
where boundary conditions. Fig. 5-12 shows the convergence of
displacement.
A 
1

  2
2 1
 ; B 
1

  3
2 1

TABLE I. CENTRAL DISPLACEMENT FOR THE SIMPLE SUPPORTED
C 
1

  3
2 2
 ; C 
1

  3
2 2
 CIRCULAR PLATE UNDER UNIFORM LOADING

MITC3 MITC3 EXACT

  
  w,   
   w2  w1   
  
    R/h NELT (L) (R ) [4]
 
   
 ,
w   
 3
w  w1   6 678.03 1502.7
The shear strain in parametric space can be expressed 24 35321 35305
as 54 37521 37785
  

96 38525 38612
 , (29) 50 39831
    Bs  un  216 39120 39141
 
  
384 39287 39294
 1
  

     w2  w1  2  x21    x1   x 2    y21   y1   y 2  c 
600 39355 39358
   2400 39435 39435
 2

     w3  w1  1   x13   x1   x3    y13   y1   y 3  c 
 

6 8.6516 12.124
, 24 39.251 39.415
54 40.359 40.451
(30)
96 40.75 40.808
2 1    2 1  0  0  ,
5 41.599
 Bs   1  (31) 216 41.031 41.06
  2  2  1   0

0  2  1  384 41.13 41.147
and the transverse shear strain field in Cartesian system 600 41.176 41.188
can be expressed as 2400 41.238 41.242
6 2.1641 2.5506
.   x      , (32)
    j   24 5.5482 5.5999
  y     
54 5.6991 5.7276
where  j  is the inverse of the Jacobian matrix 96 5.7535 5.7716
2.5 5.87
216 5.7931 5.8024
 x 
 
    Bs un  ;  Bs    j   Bs  . (33) 384 5.8073 5.8129

 y  600 5.8139 5.8178
2400 5.823 5.8241
II. NUMERICAL RESULT 6 1.4058 1.6266
A circular plate problem with different mesh 24 3.0849 3.1233
directions is used to study the convergence behavior of the 54 3.1682 3.1893
MITC3 element. A simple supported (SS) and clamped
96 3.1985 3.2118
circular plate of radius R = 5 are modelled with eight 2 3.262
meshes of 6, 24, 54, 96, 216, 384, 600, and 2400 216 3.2207 3.2275
elements. The thickness variations are h = 0.1, h = 1, h = 384 3.2286 3.2328
2, and h=2.5; the modulus of elasticity is E= 10.92; the 600 3.2324 3.2352
Poisson ratio is 0.3; and the uniform load is fz = 1. The
mesh distributions vary with the right and left directions.
2400 3.2375 3.2383

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TABLE II. CENTRAL DISPLACEMENT FOR THE CLAMPED CIRCULAR

PLATE UNDER UNIFORM LOADING

MITC3 MITC3 EXACT

R/h NELT (L) (R ) [4]
6 467.86 371.55
24 4475.5 4841.9
54 7793.9 7894.5
96 8913.3 8934.7
50 9784
216 9471.1 9478.7
384 9598.9 9604.2
600 9645 9648.9 Fig. 6. Convergence of wc for simply supported problem with R/h = 5
2400 9693.5 9694.6
6 6.5774 6.6123
24 10.148 10.299
54 10.883 10.968
96 11.139 11.193
5 11.551
216 11.321 11.348
384 11.385 11.401
600 11.415 11.426
2400 11.455 11.458
6 1.4371 1.5327
24 1.9099 1.9609
54 2.0128 2.0406 Fig. 7. Convergence of wc for simply supported problem with R/h =
96 2.0502 2.0677 2.5
2.5 2.114
216 2.0776 2.0865
384 2.0875 2.0929
600 2.0921 2.0958
2400 2.0984 2.0995
6 0.95439 1.0352
24 1.2218 1.26
54 1.3022 1.3013
96 1.2806 1.3152
2 1.339
216 1.3022 1.3248
384 1.3239 1.328
600 1.3266 1.3294
2400 1.3303 1.3312
Fig. 8. Convergence of wc for simply supported problem with
R/h = 2

Fig. 9. Convergence of wc for clamped problem with R/h =50

Fig. 5. Convergence of wc for simply supported problem with R/h =
50

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REFERENCES
[1] Katili, I. (2004). Metode Elemen Hingga untuk pelat lentur.
Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia.
[2] Bathe, K.J. (2014). Finite Element Procedures. New York:
Prentice Hall
[3] Katili, I. Maknun, I.J., Hamdouni, A., Millet, O. Application of
DKMQ element for composite plate bending structures. Comput
Struct 2014;134:128–142
[4] Katili, I. (1993), A New Discrete Kirchoff-Mindlin Element Based
on Mindlin Reisnerr Plate Theory and Assumed Shear Strain
Fields-Part I: An Extended DKT Element for Thick-Plate Bending
Analysis. International Journal for Numerical Methods in
Engineering. 36, 1859-1983,
[5] Katili, I. (1993), A New Discrete Kirchoff-Mindlin Element Based
on Mindlin Reisnerr Plate Theory and Assumed Shear Strain
Fig. 10. Convergence of wc for clamped problem with R/h = 5 Fields-Part II: An Extended DKQ Element for Thick-Plate
Bending Analysis. International Journal for Numerical Methods in
Engineering. 36,1885-1908.
[6] Hughes, T.J.R., Taylor, R.L., (1982), “The Linear Triangle
Bending Elements”, The Mathematics of Finite Element and
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triangular shell finite elements. Computers and Structure, 82, 945-
962.
[8] Lee, Y., Lee, P.S., Bathe, K.J.(2014) The MITC3+ shell element
and its performance. Computers and Structure, 138, 12-23
[9] Ko, Y., Lee, P.S., Bathe, K.J.(2017) A new MITC4+ shell
element. Computers and Structure:182:404–418.
[10] Jeon, H.M., Lee, Y., Lee, P.S., & Bathe, K.J. (2015). The
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[11] O.P. Gupta (2015), www.researchgate.net/ profile/
DrOPGupta/contributions/ May 2015
Fig. 11. Convergence of wc for clamped problem with R/h = 2.5 [12] Dian Rahmawati, Imam Jauhari Maknun, Irwan Katili. An
Evaluation on the performance of two simple triangular bending
plate elements. MATEC Web of Conference 192. 02046:2018

Fig. 12. Convergence of wc for clamped problem with R/h = 2

III. CONCLUSION
The element shows good convergence toward the
exact solution. The right direction of the mesh provides
faster convergence than the left direction and is clearly
visible on thin plates. The clamped circular plate requires
more meshes to reach convergence than the simple
supported plate.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support
from the Indonesian Ministry of Research, Technology,
and Higher Education (KEMENRISTEKDIKTI)

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