Reach Out 0000 Student Book 4 Ben Wetz Diana Pye OXFORD ‘UNIVERSITY PRESSaVero collections | ps Present tenses spend time, ply spots, pass tests ee Iwnneetog iio Key phrases: Taking about your interests Wectnr READING tates VOCABULARY Daa Nera cles AND LISTENING 8-9 Past decades lO Comparing generations | pl Past perfect and lz Uses of get economy, cri, poverty, Buldyourvocabulary, | *Plepast | get maid, get upset etc used to ‘Adjectives + prepositions | | Reviews Unit 1 pl6 Project: An interview summary: teenage years pT 5 Ea ae eo nee p coe es ee ee _ Si iisegy ing aon eeibeateaosaladad = Present perfect + just, til, Build your vocabulary: Verbs ahead snd ye | prepoations Review: Unit 2 p26 Cumulative review Starter-Unit2 p27 (23-29 Medica science pB0Altemative therapy | pBi may, might, could, | p22 Phrasal verbs ‘operate, transplant,cure.etc. | utd your vocabulary: Noun | US ca’ {give up, cut down, tke up, ete could, can, vill beable to suffixes ‘Study strategy: Previewing the questions Reviews Unit 3 p36 Project An information leaflet: health and well-being p37 Ay 738-29 Travel nouns ‘pO Vacation advice alwilland begoing to | pad Travel: verbs | guidebook travelagert, ound: gua your vocabulary: broord checkin, setoffetc. | ‘ip ticket et, Words which are oRen | | Study strategy: Extending your confused | vecabulary be going to | ee Review: Unit 4 pa6_ Cumulative reviews Starter-Unit4 p47 A829 Body decoration 50 Fashion PSlActiveor passive: | pSzComnmerce T beard, chon, dreadocts etc. | aiid your vocabulary: Introduction grower, exporter, impart, SM cliscs segs | attra bgaraeeeetcer ce ee Review: Unit 5 p56 _Project: Awebpage:an urban tribe p57 'BSE-S9 Nations and government | p60 Micronailons él Fist conditional +if | p62 Government polices borders, citizens curenay, ete. study strategy: Guessing > UES. | ban electives, ec ‘make and let ‘meaning from context | ‘Build your vocabulary: Prepositions + nouns Review: Unit 6 p86 Cumulative reviews Startor-Unit 6 p67 5 pee-#9 buen po THEY Non Tiihdeondiionat | pra Fealngs Heir renoretty uid your vocab | toned fected, haf, BRUM roe coe, generate, leur ocala eo creping aleve and | | Stat seabegy Cider coves | | Review: Unit7 p76 Project: A personality game p77 A 78-73 Morals, 0 Honesty ET Reported speech: | pea Reporting verbs T BN breot promise, hort someone’ tense changes Inve, onder refs, anes Build your vocabulary: | i Feelings tell ae, ee Collocations with moke and study strategyslearningver> | Indirect requests % | patter | {ae | Review: Unit $86. Cumulative raview: Starter-Unit 8 p87 ‘Reach Out Options: pB Extra listening and speaking; p96 Curriculum extra plOs Cultuo [Vocasutary | P6 lereguiae verbs Key phrases: Asking about the past p7Simple past TTiwemnaroes | ‘Object and subject questions | SPEAKING Pewee Boer Raecmeeaon [pagar [psOseibngedeace [oR Eta steringandspeatng:itngabovta | past continuous vente eae cigs family tenes | 96 Curriculum extra: History The Serfn Wall | Rlgbianting examples of) a past event | language point:Giving | pr12_ Vocabulary banks Acjctves anc prepostions iene | examples Generations | Key phrases: Memories | | ]p23 resent periectand | pat tnattons |fBaremaltositens [ois etalterngandspeting Caines don | | simple past | Key phrases: Making and | Key phrases: inviting a friend | PS oer Language | Present peretsimple | respndingtainvtations | sansa point, bow ana osc ene fae | | neither | pT Vocabulary bank Vetbs nd prepeitons, | | | Extreme adjectives | 13 Past modals | p24Exchanging opinions | p35A discussion essay [p90 a litening and speaking Sing shen | | wases: Presenting on | lence) eee Ve cere meeeny orn | Nene sean plO6 Culture: Snack culture in the U.S. 1 | anguage point: shoul, 21 Yabba noi ste semecaats | | must have to | | [p43 simple present and | p4a Asking for and giving | pasine-mallaboutavisit | p91 sea listening and peaking Checkinginat | fie ee Hee ents ag crieteaea rye eereheneay, | is | Key phrases: Asking forand | plans Setalites and spacecraft | eae eee) | !anguage point: Linkers | ona7 Culture: Volunteer vacations | ea | language point: witfor | | pls Vocabulary bank: Words which ere often pies | spontaneous decisions | __ confused; Methods of transportation | T mi 7 pS5A formal letter 192. Extra listening and speaking: Discussing musie [pss Passive: past ] pSteachanging something | PSEA rs ng | Pesenc.anafuture | inastore | Keyphrses:Fomaletes_| P02 Curlum esta: toy Cd bor a ear eon Reyphrsses:Exchamging | Language point: Adverbs of PIG Vocabulary bank: Negative prefixes; Fashion | eothes ES | persed cndtoal Tpstaedegigand —[psavoprionesny | Eta Kewingad pang Dane een | | Fist anasecond [eae [ieee Coiione PE ee ee conditionals, eypirases APOE | Language point: References. | 99 Culture: High school elections | aha Sorina ieee and pronouns: PITT. Vocabulary bank: Prepositions and nouns; Protest | Languagepoint:Regrets | | | | about pastand present. | I 7B Defining and non- | pra Reacting to news ond | p75 An experience [p84 Ext listening and speaking Taina on 1 Cmneesiccss artes Feira | oka aii eeet ae etic | | fey hsesSmpaticing | personal expeience B10 Culte:The Bits and American senseathumor| | language point: Modifying | pri Vocabulary bank: Antonyms; Expressions | | | | comparatives ‘with up and down | | 1 ] pB8Reportedand | pe biplaining and p85 Ararrative ] P85. Extra stening and speaking: Oealingwith | | incivect questions | darfingstuations. | Ea ope cing as money tae oe PES Eres sco bona l canteen eet eee || Key phrases: Explaining and | anguage pont sare | | peatyng Punctuation indalogues | 5mm _cuiture: Boot campsin the US. | j 9. Vocabulary bank Eolcstions wth moteand do; Honesty and moralsStarter unit 1 @& 12 Complete phrases 1-10 with the verbs in the box. Then listen and check. play go send download pass get getup spend earn stay watch spend time text messages bored —sports —late music from the Internet 6—_wv 7 home 8 tests 9 online 10 __money wun Complete the sentences with phrases in exercise 1. 1 like surfing the Internet. |__ every day. | often and listen to it on my MP3 player. Sally always carries her cell phone so that she can__to her friends, She's sending one now! Tim doesn’t _ on the weekend. He plays soccer at 9 a.m.on Saturday mornings. Rob needs to__ some He isn't in good shape! Do you when you're on your own, or do you have some interesting hobbies? 'm doing my homework right now. | want to__my__ @)*®)) Listen to Lisa and Sam doing the Your lifestyle questionnaire. Who likes studying, Lisa or Sam? 2 ACTIVATE Do the Your lifestyle questionnaire with a partner. How similar or different are your lifestyles? Who has a more active lifestyle? (How much time do you spend watching TV each day? ‘About an hour. Tusually watch a sports program in the evening. ‘don't watch much TV on weekdays, but [watch about two hours on Saturdays. Gi Starter unit VOCABULARY @ Verb collocations I can talk about my lifestyle. YOUK LIFESTYLE BD How much time do you spend doing these things each day? a Playing sports. b Doing homework. ¢ Doing nothing. Which of these activities do you enjoy most? ‘a Going shopping. Watching TV. Playing sports. How do you spend your time on Saturdays? Choose the statement which is most true for you. a usually stay home with my family. b get up late and then | watch TV. ¢ L usually play sports. How often do you send text messages? _b go swimming? read a book? When you get bored, what do you usually do? a | watch TV. ¢ I go online. TERI you ever make dinner for your family? ‘a No, never. | hate cooking. b Yes, sometimes. ¢ | sometimes make a meal, but only for me. Which of these things do you dislike most? ‘a Cleaning my room. _ Getting up early. € Doing nothing TID hich of these'things is most important in your life? a Passing tests b Eaming money. ¢ Having fun, bb | get something to eat.LANGUAGE FOCUS @ Present tenses « Wea Ute etre aes Simple present and present continuous Complete the sentences from exercise 2 on Verbs + -ing / to 4 Match the sentence halves. Which verbs are page 4. Then answer questions a-c. 1 She's __one now! 2 Tim __ get up late on the weekend, 3. |__my homework right now. 4 |__online every day. 2 Which sentences are simple present and which are present continuous? b Which sentences refer to actions happening now? ¢ Which sentences refer to repeated actions or routines? ‘More practice 5 Workbook page 2 Complete the e-mail using the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. followed by to and which are followed by -ing? 1 I'm really tired. need... 2 Lenjoy sports, but hate... 3 I'm pretty lazy. can’t stand. 4 fm into math.| don’t mind... 5 Ineed to get into a good college. | want... 6 I like watching DvDs and | love... 7 I'm into cooking. l enjoy . 8 I'm having a great time. | don’t want... going to the m to be a lawyer when I'm older. doing algebra, cleaning my room, togo home yet. playing basketball. to goto bed early. ‘making dinner for my family sa rwance (ore practice 5 Workbook pages) njoy) your How are things? Are you enjoying (you / enjoy) vacation? =~ (you / like) Spain? 1? — (have) 2 fantastic time here in Greece. We *__ (not stay) in an apartment. We decided to camp this year instead.’ ing, 1*_ (go) It’s much more fun. Every morning, I *__ (9 my own on swimming very early. I enjoy being on my the beach, Most people * (not come) until later. Of course, my brother Scott * (not swinn) wi me, He never 7 (get up) before lunchtime! b He °_ (cook) Thave to go now. Dad *__ (call) me. dinner on the barbecue and I think it’s ready. Kathy 3 Write questions for 1-6. Then look at the e-mail and ask and answer the questions with a partner. Kathy / have a good vacation? | Kathy having @ good vacation? 1 Kathy's farnily / stay in an apartment? 2 Kathy /like camping? 3 when / Kathy / go swimming? 4 what / Scott / do in the morning? 5 Kathy's dad / cook lunch? 6 they /have a barbecue? |s Kathy having a good vacation? Yes, she’s having @ fantastic time. 5 Complete the sentences with your own ideas, 1 Hike. 5 Ineed 2 Ilove.. 6 I don't mind 3 Ihate.. 7 Idon't want 4 Lenjoy.. 8 I'minto.. 6 ACTIVATE Study the key phrases. Then interview people in your class and find someone with the same interests as you. Use the key phrases, the words in the box, and your own ideas. KEY PHRASES Q) Talking about your interests ing? Yes,| (really) love it. 15. OK. / | don’t mind it. No, | (really) hate it Doyou like /enjoy.. Are you into ..-ing? read get uplate play video games goonline watchTV play sports O Finished? Write sentences about things your partner likes or doesn’t like doi He likes playing video games. Starter unit @ 5Look at the verbs in biue in the Memory quiz. Put them in the correct column below and then complete the table. Do the Memory quiz with a partner. Who has the best memory? What was the last movie that you saw? When was the last time that you ate in a restaurant? When did you last go to a theme park or zoo? Where and when did you first ride a bike? Who taught you in elementary school? How old were your parents on their last birthdays? What was the last song that you heard? When did you last make your bed? ‘What grade did you get on your last English test? ‘At what age did you first have a cell phone? ‘Who spoke to you first at school today? What did you do on your last birthday? Who gave you a present for your last birthday? What was it? Who did you last buy a present for? What was it? ® Starter unit @ 0s Study the key phrases. Then listen to four dialogues and answer the questions. 1 What was the last (test) that you (took)? 2 When did you last (go to New York)? 3 At what age did you first (ride a horse)? 4. What did you (do) on (Saturday)? ‘Test your partner’s memory again. Write six new questions using the key phrases and your own ideas. (Atwhat age did you first see a movi was fourLANGUAGE FOCUS @ Simple past » Object and subject questions can talk about things I did in the past. Simple past 1 Complete the sentences from the listening on page 6 with the words in the box. Then answer questions a, b, and c. bought wasn't didn’t were did started "__ scared, but | was nervous. 12__ some new clothes. You?_ young! She ¢__when she was only six. What *__ you do on Saturday? |¢_ see you at the sports center. 2 Which of the verbs are regular and which are irregular? b How do we form the simple past of regular verbs? © Which verb do we use to form negatives and questions? ‘More practice <> Workbook page? 2 @105 Listen to Tina talking about a soccer game and answer the questions. Write complete sentences. When was the game? What did Jim give Tina? How did they get to the game? Did a lot of people watch the game? 5. Did Chelsea win the game? 6 How many goals did Torres score? 7 Why was Jim sad? = 3. Write true affirmative and negative sentences about you. (goto soccer game] last year I went to a soccer game last year. | didn't go to a soccer game last year. 1 (watch TV) last night 2 (listen to music) yesterday 3 (meet friends) on Sunday 4. (do homework) yesterday 5 (play video games) this morning 6 (cide a bicycle) last week 7 (buya present) last weekend 8 (be home) on Saturday night Object and subject questions 4 Look at structures a and b. Find three more examples of structure b in the Memory quiz on page 6. When do we not use did in a question? a question word + did + subject + main verb ‘Who did you visit? | visited my aunt. Which did you take, the bus or the train? | took the bus. (The question word refers to the object) b question word + main verb Who visited you? My grandfather visited me. ‘Which cost more? The train cost more. (The question word refers to the subject.) 5. Complete the simple past questions with object or subject question forms. Then ask and answer with a partner. 1 Who — (sit) next to you on your first day at school? 2 What (you / talk) about? 3 Who — (teach) you to read? 4 What books — (you / read)? 5 What toys (you / have) when you were young? 6 What (happen) to those toys? 7 Who (cook) dinner last night at home? 8 What (they / cook)? 6 ACTIVATE Find out about things your partner did in the past. Use the ideas in exercise 3 and the question words in the box. Ask object and subject questions. when what who where why ‘When did you last go toa soccer game? Write a paragraph about a great day out. Last month, | went...age) eS Snap ack us as a 1 goo0oo0c 1 Check the meaning of the words in blue. Think of examples for each. Then compare with a partner. TVis.a great invention. 1 a great invention 6 aplace where there's 2 apopic 7 aplace where there's a war 3 current crs 8 a protest group 4 arecent craz 9 a booming world economy 1 What King of hairstyles and clothes were 5 agadg 10 amodern w popular i entieth 2 When were cell phones i 3 When nfirst walk on the moon? Aims Communication: | can .. + talkcabout my habits when Iwas younges + understand a text comparing generat ons + talk about events at different times in the past, + understand people talking about memories. talk about past events and memories. > falkcabout events inthe past. + write an account ofa decade. Vocabulary + Past decades * Uses of get Language focus + used to. + Past porfect ard simple past + Simple past and past cantiaueys Talking about a family likeness History: The Serlin Wall (> Page 96 i TheUS.and the UK. in the 1960s, (> Page 104 Generations (Qragem ) & Generations (106 Do the Generations quiz with a partner, Then listen and check your answers. L) the generation born between the 19405 andthe 1960s was called “baiby boomers” because... 4 the economy was booming there were allot of bits, € there was an energy css, 2) there were lot cf protestsin the 950s and 960, Wa ithe symbol on this flag mean befor i became the universal symbol of peace? @ End poverty b stop the war, Ban nuclear weapons 3) ther re mov, asion, ond mus icons in evety generation. Both before and ater her death in 1962, people adored Maryn Monroe. She was a h @ movie str and mode b Woresenter. fashion designe. A thshaitsyo used abe pooulain the 1950s and 1960s. ifs colled a Q mosquito net. b beehive © spiders web,used to 3° Complete the sentences from the Generations quiz. Then choose the correct words in the rules. 1 This hairstyle _ be popular. 2 Most teenagers __ have them. 3 When people to wear them? Orutes a We use used to when we talk about a Past / present habit ot state which is the same / different now. b The negative form is didn’t use to / wasn’t used to, © We form questions with was / did. ‘More practice <>) Workbook page 3 5) these boots re calle platorm boos. When did people use fo wear hem? 4 The 1960s. b the 1976s, © The 1990s, ) this gadget tom he 970s and 19805 was portable and played music on cassettes. It was caleda G Runboy, Boom Box. © Wikman 7) cetphones were anew imentonin ‘the 1960s. But unt the end of the 1990s, ‘Most teenagers didn't use to have them because hey were. @ too expensive. ' illegal for teenagers under eighteen, ¢ dangerous 8 inthe ate 190s, here was @ craze for Tamagotchi These were 4 electronic pets b digital watches, € video games. 4 Complete the sentences using the correct form of used to and the verbs in the box. send listen wear (x2) play have (x2) exist carry be Inthe 1950s Video games didn’t use to exist. 1 People to the radio a lot. 2 TVs__ black-and-white 3 people e-mails? No, there weren't any computers! 4 People _ phones in their pockets. 5 families __ games together? Yes, they did. Not many households a TV. 6 Children electronic toys. 7 young people _ more formal clothes? Yes, young people __ jeans in the 1950s. 5 Complete the text using the correct verbs and the correct form of used to. My parents were very anti-TY, so | didn't use to watch TV when | was young. In fact, they were “anti” a lot of things. They often ‘__to protests, but |1__with them. | stayed with my grandma, She was a hairdresser and she?_ my hair. 4__ a really cool hairstyle in those days. It was great at her house. *__ bored. She §__ the piano and sing for me 6 ACTIVATE Find out about your partner's habits when he / she was seven years old. Ask questions using used to and the ideas in the box. O Finished? Think of changes in your life in the last ten years. Write sentences using affirmative and negative forms of used to. ' didn’t use to send text messages when | was younger, but do now. Generations @ 9READING @ Comparing generations Deuei ee eke] 1 @iq7 Which of these things do you think were common in the 1950s? Which are common now? Read, listen, and compare your answers with the text, ballrooms big bands cell phones clubs computers jobs for women black-and-whiteTV bad language 2 Read the text again. Write true or false. Correct the false sentences. 1. Movies weren't popular in the fifties. 2 Alice's family bought a TV. 3 Alice thinks that teenagers are spoiled today. 4 Becky thinks that the fifties style of clothes was awful 5 Alice doesn't like the violence on TV today. 6 Alice thinks that life is better for women today. 7 People get married earlier now than in the fifties. 8 Becky is respectful to older people 3 BUILD YOUR VOCABULARY Complete the sentences with prepositions. Then check your answers in the text. 1 Most teenagers aren't crazy jazz. 2 She's sometimes shocked the bad language and violence on TV. 3 She's cool__ most things 4 She's really interested — that. 5 I'm polite older people. 4 Complete the sentences with the prepositions inthe box and your own ideas. of about for with from at 1 I'm not very fond _.. 2 Inever get bored _.. 3 These days people are crazy 4 I'm not very good 5 Marilyn Monroe was famous 6 ... today are very different those in the fifties. 10 @ Generations see eens sue 5 YOUR OPINIONS Ask and answer the questions. 1 How was life different for women in the fifties in your country? 2 Do parents spoil their children more now than in the past in your country? 3 Doyou think people should respect the older generation? Why? 4 What does the older generation think about the younger generation in your country? 5 Doyou think it’s better to bea teenager now than in the fifties? Why? How different was a teenager's life fifty years ago? Alice and her granddaughter, Becky, share their ‘experiences and compare life today and in the fifties. “Lwas a teenager in the fifties. They were exciting times, A lot of difficult things had happened in the 1930s and 1940s ~ the Great Depression and World Wer ll and people needed te have some fun. Every Saturday, Lused to go to a ballroom where a big band played live jazz. There was a craze called swing dancing, which we loved. We went to the movies a lot, too. It used to cost, twenty-five cents then. Nowadays, there are so many machines and gadgets. | remember that a family on our street | bought 2 black-and-white TV and we all went to | their house to watch it. 'd only seen them in stores before that. And, of course, in those days we hadn't seen a computer ora cell phone | 1 find mast young people today are respectful, | but they want everything now. Maybe their perents buy them too many things.”LANGUAGE FOCUS @ Past perfect and simple past can talk about events at different times in the past, 1 Study the timeline and the sentence. Write the events in the correct place oa the timeline. Then choose the correct words in the rules. Ivisited my grandma last weekend and sheid found some of her old pictures. Oruies a We use the past perfect to talk about an action that happened before / after another action in the past. b We use the simple past / past perfect for the more recent action. © We form the past perfect with have / had and a past participle, ‘More practice 2) Workbook page 9 “visited my grandma last weekend and she'd found some of her old pictures They were interesting. | ‘eally liked the hairstylos end fashions, especially 2 big skirts and teenage Suys in suite! Things are different nove We go to clubs, but we Gon‘t dence to live music there. Most teenagers sren't crazy about jazz today and nobody watches | Black-and-white TV anymore. My grandma is sometimes shocked by the bad language and | wolence on TV, but she’s cool about most things. She thinks it's good that more women study end work now. She says women have more pportunities now. | want to do media studies 2nd she's really interested in that. My grandma left schoo! when she was sixteen and got married when she was twenty. | think people wait longer these days. By the time she was twenty-two, she ead my grandpa had bought a house. ‘don't think we're all spoiled. Some teenagers, can be rude, but | try to be nice and polite to alder people because, like my grandma says, I'll Complete the sentences. Use the past perfect and the simple past in each sentence. ''d seen (see) the movie before, but | watehed (watch) it again yesterday. 1 Alice — (tell) me that she __ (not study) in college. 2 When her neighbors (get) a TV, she _. (g0) around to watch it. She {not seen) one before. 3 They (not invent) personal computers when Alice _ (be} young. 4 Bythe time he (be) eighteen, he _ (leave) school and (find) a job. 5 The band [not start) playing when we — (arrive), 6 Inthe 1950s, people __ (want) to enjoy themselves because they (have) a hard time during the 1930s and 1940s. ‘Complete the sentences using the past perfect and your own ideas. The girl was in the hospital because .. The gil was inthe hospital because she had broken her leg. 1 We were tired because ... 2 By the time we arrived, 3 We went home after 4 Before Icame to this school, ... 5. When | got into town | realized . 6 My friend became crazy about... after ACTIVATE Work in pairs. Find out what your partner had or hadn't done before arriving at school today. Thad eaten breakfast before | arrived at school today. O Finished? Look again at the sentences in exercise 3. Think of different ways to complete each sentence. The girl was in the hospital because her mother had hada baby. Generations @ 11Complete the diagram with the words in the box. adriver’slicense better abus up upset the flu along with become Phrasal verbs get married get together get better gets get! get*__(like) obtain { receive / buy” Others get ajob get home (arrive) geta present for/from _get*_ (an illness) get*__ (use transportation) 2 Complete the questions with expressions in exercise 1, Then ask and answer with a partner. Do you usually __ early on the weekend? Who do you best in your family? Did you ___a__ for your mom last Christmas? What —_ do you want to when you leave school? Will your English _ or worse this year? 6 Did you on your first day at school or were you happy? 7 Doyou usually walk to school or do you @ 108 Listen to the dialogues. Match two words with each of the people in the pictures 1-4, married upset uncle uniform meney tickets party test 1 Michael - money, ... 12 ® Generations @® 108 Listen again and choose the correct answers. 1. What did Michael do when he got his driver’ license? a He saved up to buy a car b He drove his friends to school ¢ Hewent out and bought a car. 2 What was Maxine doing before she got to school on her first day? a She was getting upset b She was having breakfast and crying © She was talking to her friends 3 What was Clare doing when she first heard the music? a She was going out with Dave. b She was dancing at a party. © She was talking about Bob Marley, 4 How did Joey and his uncle get the tickets? a Joey's uncle got them b They were a present. © They were a prize. 5 Why did Joey miss the goals? a He wasn't paying attention, b He wasn't a fan of Manchester United € He couldn't see the players very well ATE Find out what your partner remembers about the things in the box. Use the phrases in exercise 1. your first day at school journeys vacations when you were young Parties elementary school school trips (What do you remember about Your first day at schoo! remember that | got up realy early because [was so excited.LANGUAGE FOCUS @ Simple past and past continuous. ee ete eee ea io 1 Match sentences 1-3 from the listening on 4 Complete the questions using the correct form page 12 with descriptions a-c. Which tenses do of the verbs in the box. We use in each sentence? meet do eat think wear growup use play get 1 | was watching the clock and I was getting more and more upset 2 | was talking to my uncle when he scored What sports aid you play when you were growing 3. He gave me the money and | bought the car. Ps youn y growing up? a. Two finished actions in the past. 1 What __ you for lunch last Wednesday? b Two past actions happening at the same 2 Where you your best friend? time 3 When you first__a cell phone? © An action which was in progress when 4 What you about while you ready another action happened for bed last night? Capa 5 What _you_— at this time three days ago? Sanna 6 What you when you left the house STUDY STRATEGY © Highlighting examples Hest ssoinayy of tenses 5. Study the key phrases. Which phrases can you 2 Copy five sentences from exercise 4 on page Use for things you have forgotten? 12. Then underline different verb tenses with different colors. This will help you to KEY PHRASES © Memories remember how the tenses are used and TF CNOTE ERENT est formed. I remember ing. ‘As far as | remember, .. 3 (109 Complete the questions in the It was about ... years ago. History quiz with a simple past and a past That's all | can remember. continuous form. Then do the quiz with a | can't remember anything about partner. Listen and check your answers. 6 ACTIVATE Work in pairs. Find out about your partner’s memories using the questions in HISTORY (0) 6) Z exercise 4, the key phrases, and your own ideas. Tremember playing coccer when twas six. Where was Usain Bolt competing (Usain Bolt / compete) when he won (he / win) his fist Olympic medal? O Finished? Write a paragraph describing your earliest memory. Use the key phrases in exercise 5 and the simple past and past continuous. What new invention —_ (Alexander Bell / use) when — (he / say), “Mr. Watson, come here, Twant to sce you"? When — (the Titanic / hit) an iceberg in 1912, where —_ fit / travel) to? When — (Neil Armstrong / say), “That's ‘one small step for man; one giant leap for mankind”, where —_ {he / stand)? Where __ Isaac Newton / sit) when he {iscover) gravity? Where —_ (Mark Zuckerberg / study) when he invent) Facebook? Where (people / celebrate) the new millennium when they (take) this picture?SPEAKING @ Talking about past events I can talk about events in the past. Look at the picture. What do you think the relationship between Colin and Dean is? What are they looking at? 2 @ 100 Listen to the dialogue. Which part of the festival did Colin enjoy most? Colin Did | ever ell you about the Woodstock Festival? Dean No, when was that? Colin Oh, it was around forty years ago now. | have some pictures. Dean Oh, can |see? Were there many people there? Colin Oh yes, thete were over 500,000. Dean That sounds amazing! Did you have a good time? Colin Yes, we did. Fantastic! All the famous bands were there — Jefferson Airplane, The Who, everyone. It was great. But the best part was at the end of the last day. Dean What happened then? Colin My favorite band was playing and a girl started dancing with me. Look ~ a friend took this picture. Dean Isthat you? Colin. Yes, and the girl is your grandma. We got married ‘two years later! 3 @in Complete the key phrases from the 5 Complete the mini-dialogue with the key dialogue. Then listen and check your answers. phrases. Then change the words in blue and Practice the dialogue with a partner. practice the new mini-dialogue. KEY PHRASES © Talking about a past event pose, oF any ee oe ere Did |*__ tell you about... ? Hannah No,?__ was that? When ?__that? Rose It was*__a year ago now. It was around forty years?__ now. Hannah *__ you have a good time? Did you *__a good time? Rose Yes, we did, The 5__ part was at The best §__ was. the end of the pal What °__then? Hannah § happened then? Rose We hired stretch limousine to 4 @i2 > Listen and choose the correct answers. aco 1 a Itwas the best part b twas great! it was around two years age. a I'm having a fantastic time! b What happened then? ¢ Itwasa little boring, actually. a No, when was that? b What happened next? Yes, here itis. a b c 4 a Yes, it was, 6 ACTIVATE Prepare a new dialogue with a Last summer. partner. Imagine that you were at a concert By Spm, ora sports event. Practice your dialogue. Then change roles. 4 @ GenerationsWRITING @ Describing a decade Ican write an account of a decade. 1 Read the model text and answer the questions. 1 What type of text is it? a Ahistorical account. © Anews item. 2. Which paragraph describes fashions in the sixties? 3. Which paragraph describes what had | changed by the end of the sixties? 4 How many bad things does the writer mention? 5. Whatevent did millions of people watch on TV? b Anarrative. many reasons. There were good times and ppy events such as music festivals like Woodstock. There were also difficult times, for stance, the Vietnam War One of the most memorable events of the sixties took place in 1969, when a person walked on the moon for the first time. Over five hundred million people were watching on July 21 when Neil Armstrong took the famous “first step.” A tragic event which shocked the world was the assassination of President Kennedy in 1963. a the world of music, there were a lot of pop artists the charts, for example, The Beatles and The Rolling Stones. In movies. James Bond was a big hit. There were six Bond movies between 1962 and 1969. Fashions were bright and interesting - it was the era of miniskirts, long hair, and hippy clothes. By the end of the decade, the world was a different place. People were more aware of issues such as women’s rights, and inventions like the calculator ind the satellite had changed their lives. 2 Study the key phrases. Which phrases introduce the paragraphs in the text? KEY PHRASES © Describing a past decade was a decade which There were good / bad / difficult ti One of the most memorable... In the world of music / movies / fashion, .... Itwas the era of By the end of the decade, People were more aware of issues such as es, Language point: Giving examples 3. Study the words in blue in the model text. Then complete sentences 1-4 with these words and your own ideas. 1 There are some nice places near here 2 She watches reality shows 3 like some unusual food, 4 Some English verbs are irregular, 4 ACTIVATE Follow the steps in the writing guide. ING GUIDE Write an account of the 2000s (2000-2009) CECT 1 What positive events happened in the 2000s? Were there any difficult or tragic events? What music and movies were popular? What were the fashions like? ‘What issues did people become more aware of? ‘What new inventions changed the world? Paragraph 1: Introduction The 2000s was a decade ... Paragraph 2: Events One of the most memorable Paragraph 3: Music, movies, and fashion In the world of music, Paragraph 4: How the world changed By the end of the decade, ... Pear + phrases for giving examples _- past tenses Generations @REVIEW Q Unit 1 Vocabulary 1 Choose the correct words. 1. During the energy crisis / protest, people had to save electricity. 2 Many people protested against nuclear gadgets / weapons. 3 Approximately 15% of the population of the US. live in poverty / economy. 4 Marilyn Montoe was a fashion craze / icon. People suffer during times of war / economy. 6 My parents went to an anti-war protest / invention. 2. Match the sentence halves. 1 They're crazy 2 with soccer. 2 Tom gets bored b byDan's bad 3. I'm very fond language. 4 Jillisn'tinterested —¢ atskiing, 5 Imnotvery good about jazz. 6 Momwas shocked eof chocolate f inscience. 3 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. job married upset better up present 1 It’s Anna's birthday. | want to get her a 2. Dad got his first___when he was sixteen. 3. Youneed to take your medicine so you get _. 4 She gets when she sees programs about poverty. My sister got___in church last week. I can't get in the mornings. ou Language focus 4 Choose the correct words. 1 When | got home, | realized |'d forgotten / forgot my jacket 2 By the time I'd got /got there, everyone had gone home. 3 We watched Spider-Man I! last night. It’s an old movie, but | saw /hadn’t seen it before. 4 We hadn't eaten /didn’t eat dinner by the time Dad got home. 5. I didn't recognize Liz because she'd cut /cut her hair, 6 I didn't play in the game on Sunday because 1'd broken / broke my leg. 16 @ Review Unit1 5 Complete the sentences. Use the simple past ‘or the past continuous form of the verbs in parentheses. 1 Caroline (go) into the store and _ (buy) a new cell phone. 2 | (get) really bored while |__ (wait) for my friend to arrive. 3 My friend (not give} me a present because he (not have) much money. 4 Jack (not watch) TV when you (call) him. 5 My favorite song (play) on the radio and| — (start) to dance, 6 Lucy — (lose) her key while she (walk) ‘to school. Communication 6 Match sentences 1-7 with responses a~g. 1 What music did you use to listen to? Did you get upset on your first day at school? Did lever tell you about my first vacation? The best part was when we got to New York. ‘When was that? We had a party after our last test. Did you have a good time? Saween What happened then? Itwas around fifty years ago. ¢ Idon't think so. | can’t remember anything, about when Iwas really young, Yes, we really enjoyed it. Did you have a good time? We used to be crazy about jazz. No, when was that? Listening 7 @ 13 Listen to Jenny describing an early memory. Write true or false. 1 Jenny used to live in the country. 2 Her earliest memory is from when she was four. 3. Her cat had caught a mouse. 4 The mouse escaped. 5. Jenny screamed and she and her mom jumped onto the sofa. 6 Her dad thought that the incident was funny.Litell eh rT ears acon ert 1 Read the interview summary. Match paragraphs A-E with the interview questions 1-5 1. What are your special memories? 2 What was different in the seventies? 3. What did teenagers wear then? 4 What music did you like? 5 What did you do in your free time? re was a lot less technology in those days. People didn’t have cell Sones and they didn’t send text messages. They didn’t have the Internet ef, So when he wanted to research something for school, he had to he library! sve was into bands like Led Zeppelin, Queen, and Pink Floyd, He members that The Beatles were breaking up then. There weren't any Ds in those days. People played vinyl records on big record players. e and his friends used to ride bikes and ‘spend time at each other's mes, There were rio video games, so he used to read alot of books! Fashion was fun and very colorful Pants with wide bottoms were trendy, and skirts were all different lengths. It was fashionable for both girls and guys to have long hair. His special memories were of lazy evenings outdoors with his friends during the long hot summer of 76. lewas so dry that there wasn’t enough water and some houses had their supply cut off! OPROJECT CHECKLIST 1 Work in pairs. Think of an older person who you can interview (a relative, a neighbor, etc) Prepare a short questionnaire. Include some of the questions above and your own ideas, Interview the person and make notes of his or her answers Write a summary of the interview. Organize your writing into sections Find pictures on the Internet or in magazines to illustrate the person’s memories. 3 Exchange your interview summary with the rest of the class. Did any other students find out similar information? Project @ 17VOCABULARY AND LANGUAGE FOCUS iO0O00000 Psa eanit ss Teme eee ees 1 Read the situations in the text. Which do you think are the most and least serious problems? Write the base form of the phrases in blue. Then check their meanings. toget her 2 @ 12 Listen to five people giving advice about the problems in the text. Match speakers 1-5 with the problems. Start thinking What advice would you give? 1. What is an arranged marriage? 2. What is the best age to get mattied? 3 Whotis afirst date? Aims « cation: Ian... y 2 pi este Se Pafitas “My family has just moved to a new town and I 2 ae ete don’t know anyone here, I've never felt so lonely. I've 2 eS ated ana an Hee e already joined a gym, but I still haven’t made any new celeste awa ene aie done somnettong: riends. I don’t know how to get to know people. What + use extreme adjectives to describe re a eae | should I do? experiences min ahi si « talk about things that happened or started TATA onthe past /Tastallie “I've just fellen out with my best friend. She’s + make and respond to invitations. met a new group of people, but I don’t get along with + write an email mvitation ts a fiend. them. She goes c ith the others all the time and I feel vestulay left out, Do you think I should make up with her? I don’t | knew what to do.” + Relationships SEAS a aa i ina Ee ices = SET ca : ‘Gemma "My brother got married last month. I really like Language focus his wife Angie, but now he’s left home I don’t see him ~ Piesentperfect josh, stil already, and yet very often and I really miss him. Has anyone ever had a + Present perfect +yorandsince aimienesciertancae? + Brasent perfect and simple past . ~ Present perfect simple and continuous J Penis "A friend introduced me to Tom a year ago. We "became close friends because we have a lot in common, LS But he's changed recently. He won't go out and he often sounds depressed. He's never been like this before. I haven't talked to him about it yet. Should I be worried?” eee thy | Pesthba “I've just had an argument with my friend. 1 ¥ => Page 9 feel sad because we've never argued before. She says that I’m too young to get engaged. She thinks I should __ concentrate on my studies end not get involved in a Language and literature: ‘The realist novel Getting marriedin the US. Verbs and Srepesitions, Extreme adjectives Page 13 18 @ Happy together3 Complete the questions with the correct form Present perfect + just, still, already, and of the phrases in blue in the text. Then ask yet and answer with a partner. 4 Complete the sentences from the text and answer questions a and b. Then complete the table with sentences 1-4. My family has just moved to a new town, 1 I've joined a gym. 2 |__ haven't made any new friends. 3 Ihaver't talked to him about it __. 4 I've__had an argument with my friend 1 What is the best way to __ new friends? 2 Doyou have with your best friend? 3 Have you ever had witha close friend? How did you up with him / her? 4 When you with someone, do you forget about it quickly? 5. Should young people wait until they have finished studying before they get __? 6 What is a good way to__ people if you @ Which of the adverbs do we use with start a new school? negative sentences? b Which of the adverbs always comes at the end of the phrase or sentence? Pera enact Rau aee epee ee ae My family has just ‘moved toa new town. (Gore practice 5 Workbook page) 5 Rewrite the sentences with the correct adverb in parentheses. Then add them to the table in exercise 4. Has David called you? (still / yet) Has David called you yet? 1 I've met the girl of my dreams. (just / yet) 2 You're lucky. I haven't met mine. (still already) 3 We've arrived. (just / till) 4 Have you seen that new adventure movie? (still /yet) 5. Pat has seen it. (already / yet) 6 Ihaven’t been tothe gym. (just / yet) 6 ACTIVATE Write about things you have or haven't done this week using just, stil, already, and yet. Then find someone in the class who has done the same thing. ve already been to the gym twice this we O finished? Write four more problems for the problem page. Use just, still already, and yet. Then read your problems to your partner and exchange advice. ("ve already falled two Englich teste this year. Happy together @ 19TZUN IVE : Ne ammo me 2 Ga STUDY STRATEGY Q) 1 When you read a text for the first time, try to understand the general sense of it. Look at the title and the picture. Then read the ‘text quickly. Work in pairs. Tell your partner about the text using your own words. Summarize each paragraph in one or two sentences. Reading for gist Read and listen to the text. Write true or false. Correct the false sentences. 1 Inan arranged marriage, the parents of the future couple organize the wedding, 2. Imran hasn't told his parents about the girl he met on vacation 3 Imran got along well with the girl his parents introduced him to, 4 Imran wants to marry the girl he met on vacation when the time is right. 5 Samina thinks that arranged marriages don’t work as well as love marriages. 6 Samina thinks that a relationship needs more than love for it to last. 7 Samina says that perfect relationships only exist in movies 3 BUILD YOUR VOCABULARY Complete each sentence with a preposition. Then check your answers in the text. 1 He sometimes doesn't agree _me. 2 Imthinking going to the party. 3 She comes Rome. 4 My cousin got married _a chef. 5 The game ended __ victory for the Lakers. 6 My brother has fallen love with my best friend. 4 Choose the correct prepositions. Then complete the sentences with your own ideas. 1 We sometimes argue about / to __ 2 It's difficult to concentrate in / on — 3 Itisn’t necessary to pay of / for. 4 lonce dreamed about / with 5 I don’t believe of /in__. 6 Itry to / for... 20 @ Happy together 5 YOUR OPINIONS Ask and answer the questions. 1. What do you think of arranged marriages? 2 Atwhat age would you like to get married? Why? 3. What wedding traditions are there in your country? 4 Are there any wedding traditions which you like or dislike? 5. What's the secret of a happy relationship? | then organize a RIS CMe ec ee reed reel ie em eMC SE me tacts RU | DCU aces Rte Soon um Ma ime omn eel tec STR raceLANGUAGE FOCUS @ Present perfect + for {can talk about how long I have done something, ERI 1a 1 Complete the sentences from the text. Then 2 complete the rules with for or since. 1 T've known her_— August. 2 They've been with their partners __ years. Orutes We use *__ with the present perfect when we talk about the duration of a state or action ‘We use *__ with the present perfect when we talk about the point when a state or action begins. “| want to wait until the time is right.” “There's a girl | like. 've known her since August, when we met on vacation. I'm not thinking of telling my parents yet because it’s nothing serious, but I'm not sure that they will understand if| bring a girlfriend ome. | think thet may be a problem in the future. My parents come from a country where families choose a fertner for their sons and daughters. They introduced me to a girl from a good family’ recently. | hadn't met Fer before, so she came to our house with her mother nd father It was a very formal occasion because they <2 think that this gi will be my future wife, but we ‘Gidn’t have anything in common. I'm sixteen and | on't want to get married to anyone right now. | want x wait until the time is right and choose my future _s=iner myselt. t's difficult because | respect Sy parents and | don't want to upset them.” 5 ‘used to think that ‘love’ marriages were better an artanged marriages, but I've changed my mind ently. I've met people who are happy in arranged srtiages. Maybe they weren't in love when they got srried, but with time they've learned to love and sect their partners. On the other hand, some people 0 ate in ‘love! marriages split up. They've been with =ir partners for years, but they fall out and their =rriages end in failure. | think e relationship needs smmitment. Love isn’t enough on its own. The couple st be understanding and patient and build up their ‘onship over time. People can't just fallin love, martied, and hope that everything will be perfect ever. That only happens in movies.” ina, aged 17, Complete the table with the time expressions in the box. Then think of more examples and add them to the table. tastHhursday Iwasten ages 2009 tenyears the start of the class afew minutes aweek January (PP) act Thureday ca Complete the text with for or since. Add the time expressions to the table in exercise 2. I've known Imran !__ six months. We've been good friends *_ last summer. We haven't had many arguments * _ we met, but we argued last week. He’s been strange with all his friends *__a while now. His parents have lived here 5a long time, but they think Imran should have a wife from their culture. He hasn't spoken to me *__ we fell out. I don’t know what | can do Complete the sentences wit you. Use for and since. (be) friends with .. I've been friends with Marco for six years. 1 (know) my teacher... 4 (live) here... 2 (be) in this class 5 (understand) English... 3 (have) acell phone... 6 (not have) test... information about ACTIVATE Interview your partner about how long they have done things. Use for and since, the ideas in exercise 4, and your own ideas. How tong have you known your teacher? O Finished? Write a short summary of your interview in exercise 5. John has been friends with Marco for ex years... Happy together @ 21Read the ideas for great dates. Tell your partner which things you have and haven't done. Use adjectives in exercise 1, Tve never gone bungee jumping. tt looks terrifying.) 1 @ix Match adjectives 1-9 with the extreme adjectives in the box. Then listen and check your answers. ‘awful outstanding exhausting hilarious gorgeous unforgettable (terrifying revolting furious fascinating lA ‘ isten, Which three activites in interesting fascinating 5 frightening Sfereie:3 db the people mention? 1 tiring 6 bad fanny 7 memorable 5 123. Listen again. Complete the table. 3 angry 8 good 4 good-looking 9 unpleasant (Pranuncation: Word stress Workbook page 50) tauren yesterday 1 ferrting, Work in pairs. Ask and answer 1-6 using = : extreme adjectives. WE Pee Kelly boring, «__ movie / good? No lucinds 4 at (ERG) (WEL) (Was the movie ood?) (No, twas tal) mee) een CTIVATE Find out about your partner's 1 trip / tiring? Yes experiences. Ask about the things in the box 2 class / boring? No or use your own ideas. Use extreme adjectives. B Dae eas (movie dayout meal party night out 4 food / tasty? No (vacation book 5. TV program /funny? Yes here jour test grade / bad? 6: your tee ede cede e Wat's the most hilarious movie you've ever seen? ) Nacho Libre go bungee jumping —_tearn to dance salsa g0 to a funtir limnb a mountain walk in the moonlight watch a horror movie play beach volleyball goto a basketball game g0 to the theater eat sushi eae geLANGUAGE FOCUS @ Present perfect and ee aac isle ie (ta Bee Ronit ees femeest Present perfect and simple past 1 _ Study the sentences from the listening on page 22. Complete the table with the time expressions in blue. Do we use the present perfect with finished or unfinished time expressions? 1 [haven't been out much this week. 2 I've been out with Sam a few times this month, 3 That guy you met a couple of months ago. 4 We went toa play on Sunday. 5 Have you seen Charlie today? 6 Ididn’t see him yesterday either. os Wore} —D Workbook page 19 2 @ 12 complete the text using the present perfect or the simple past form of the verbs in parentheses. Listen and check. Then add the time expressions in blue to the table in exercise 1. I'__(meet) Andy on a diving course when I was seventeen. We (be) together since then, and in the la we (visit) some awesome places on our vacations, Last month, we (decide) to get married. The wedding ®— (be) great, but exhausting because ‘we were underwater and I + (have) a big wedding dress on. Since we got married, we 9__(not have) time to think or relax. These last few weeks *__ (go) very fast. Time flies when you're in love. 3 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions about what you have done this year. Use the time expressions in exercise 1, the phrases in the box, and your own ideas. ride a bike lose some money play any sports the ocean eat foreign food ings that happened or started in the past. Present perfect simple and continuous 4. study sentences a~d and match them with descriptions 1-4. When do we use the present perfect simple and when do we use the ‘continuous? a I'mexhausted. 've been running. b I've run three long distance races. ¢ I've been running for 30 minutes. d I've always liked running. An action that is finished and complete. ‘Averb which describes a state An action that started in the past and is still going on. ‘An action that has recently stopped and which explains the present situation. ‘Complete the sentences with the present perfect simple or continuous form of the verbs in parentheses. 1 |_ (read) one of his books, but | didn't like it, 2 | (try) to calll Anna all day. Is she there? 3 We (drive) for hours and we still haven't arrived. 4 Hurray! We (finish) at last! 5 We (already / see) this movie twice. it’s great. 6 1___ (look) for my keys for ages, but I can’t find them! 7 How long you (learn) English? 8 They‘ terrified. They _ (watch) a horror movie. e ACTIVATE Work in pairs. Give explanations for 1-6. Use the present perfect continuous. 1 You look cold. 2 Her English is good. 3 You're wet. 4 The room’sa mess. 5 The teacher's angry. 6 He's tired, You look cold. ) (I've been waiting for the bus. O finishea? Think of some imaginative excuses for arriving, late to class. Um sorry Tm late. I've been having dinner with Brad Pit. Happy together @ 23SPEAKING @ Invitations Ican make and respond to invitations 1 Look at the picture. Where are Jada and Cole? 2 B12 Listen to the dialogue. Does Jada accept Cole’s invitation? Jada ‘ole. | haven't seen you for a while. How are things? Cole Not bad. How are you? Jada _I'm OK. What are you doing in town today? Cole Oh, I've just returned some books to the library. Jada Hey, I'm going to Tate's for coffee. Do you have time to come with me? Cole | can’t, 'm afraid, | have to get home. Sorry! Jada No problem. | don’t have much time anyway. Cole Have you seen that new horror movie yet? it’s at the movie theater downtown this week Jada No, | haven't, but I've heard it’ terrifying Cole I'm going to see it with some friends tomorrow. Would you like to come? Jada _ I'd love to. What time? Cole I'm not sure. I'l text you, OK? Jada That would be great. See you later, then, Cole. Cole OK. Bye, Jada. 3 @& 2 Complete the key phrases from the dialogue. Which phrase is used to refuse an invitation politely? Listen and check. Then practice the dialogue with a partner. KEY PHRASES C) Making and responding to invitations Do you have |__ to come with me? Ican't, rm 4@__. Would you *__ to come? (a4 to. Wil you, OK? That <_ be great. Order sentences a-d to make a different ending for the dialogue. Then practice the dialogue again. Cole I'm going to see it with some friends tomorrow. Would you like to come? a Oh, | see. OK then. Bye, Jada. b Oh well, maybe we can go out next week © Icar't, 'm afraid. I'm going out with my sister, 4 I don’t know. I'm pretty busy next week, too, 24 @ Happy together on 5 Work in pairs. Accept or refuse your partner's invitations to 1-5. Use phrases from exercises 3 and 4, 1 a sushi restaurant 2 asalsa class 3 acomedy movie 4 the new shopping mall 5 aclimbing wall ‘Would you like to come to a taurant with m Toan't, Um afraid, [al 6 ACTIVATE Prepare and practice a new dialogue with a partner. Use the information below or your own ideas, Decide if you want to accept or refuse the invitation. Then change roles. The Twin Monkeys at the Central Auditorium Saturday Novenser 34 (vormn\* aa Sc0"ose” ee at ==WRITING @ An e-mail to a friend Ican write an e-mail See caen 1 Read the model text and answer the questions. 1 Who is Carly writing to? Why is she writing? 2 Which paragraph gives Carly’s news? 3 Where did Carly go last week? 4. Which paragraph gives details of the course? 5 How did Carly hear about the course? Hi Paul, 1. How are things? T hope you had @ good time in Spain. Did you make any new friends? 2 haven't done much since the start of my vacation. I've been relaxing at home most of the time, Things are quiet here because most of my friends are gone. I’ve been out with Jan a few times. We went to a music festival in New York last weekend. It was fun, but it rained on Sunday. 3 Have you made any plans for August? Would you like to go on a four-day surfing course with me in the first week? Neither of us has been surfing before, so it would be a new ‘experience, The course is on Ortley Beach, here In New Jersey, and it doesn’t cost a lot. Apparently there's a surf store near the beach and everyone is very friendly. My cousins told me about it. Both of them have been there and they say it’s great. I've attached a link to the course website so you can have a look. 4 What do you think? I think it sounds like fun. [really hope that you can come. Let me know, then. Carly ec 2. Study the key phrases. Whi make an invitation? phrase is used to KEY PHRASES © Inviting a friend Have you made any plans for...? Let me know, then, | really hope that you . What do you think? Would you like ..? Language point: both and neither 3 Study the examples. Then write sentences with both or neither. Include the pronouns in parentheses. Both of them have been there. = plural verb Neither of us has been diving. = singular verb Paul is happy. You're happy. (you) Both of you ate happy. 1 He can't dive. | can’t dive. (us) 2 Tom doesn't eat meat. Jo doesn’t eat meat. (them) 3 Sandra is laughing, David is laughing. (thern) 4 She isn’t going. He isn’t going. (them) 5. I've been on vacation. She's been on vacation. (us) 4. ACTIVATE Follow the steps in the writing guide. WRITING GUIDE Write an e-mail to a friend, Give your news and invite him / her to a music festival or another event. CECI Where are you? What have you been doing lately? What did you do last weekend? What happened? What do you want to do with your friend? When do you want to do it? Where could you stay? What is it lke? Who told you about it? Paragraph 1: == Uhope you Paragraph 2: Your news ve / haven't ... Paragraph 3: What you want to do Would you like to go ... ? Paragraph 4: Conclusion What do you think? Introduction peor + both and neither + simple past + present perfect simple and conti Happy together @ 2REVIEW Q Unit 2 Vocabulary 1 Complete the dialogue with the words in the box. ets met common made fell out introduce know Dan Have you__ many new friends? Zoe No, | haven't got to?. and I don't have a lot in *_with the ones | have met. I really miss my old friends! Dan Have you‘ Sally? She's nice. Everyone 5__ along with her. |can °_ you to her if you like Zoe Sally Fieldman? I've already met her. 17__with her on the first day! 2 Reorder the letters to make extreme adjectives. ‘Then write definitions of the adjectives. 1 yigfiterrn — 5 rifusuo__ 2 einrgttvo__ 6 eougrogs - 3 scfaitinang 7 rgfounetletab 4 hrioiusla_— 8 tsoutanngdi__ Language focus 3. Complete the sentences using the present perfect simple or simple past form of the ver parentheses. 11 late to school twice this week. (be) 2 |__Sam since last February. (know) 3 Wea fantastic vacation in Orlando last year. (have) 4 Sam_—to the soccer game yesterday. (not go) 5 When — your parents married? (get) 6 She herlunch yet. (not eat) 4. Complete the sentences with the words in the box, ‘yet (x2) just (x2) for already since i 1 David hasn't told his parents _. 2. He's really happy. He’s — heard that he’s passed the test. 3 ve been here now — an hour and Jim hasn't come 4 Have you met Ella? 5 They've been friends they were little 6 No, I'm not coming. 've — seen that movie. 7 I've been introduced to Vicky. | didn't know her before. 26 @ Review Unit 2 many people yet, Choose the correct words. 1. You look very hot. Have you been running / run? 2. How many times has he been playing / played this CD? 3 Imexcited because 've never been visiting / visited the US. before. 4 Have you been waiting / waited for a very long time? 5. We've been seeing / seen three movies today. 6 Ihaver’t been listening / listened. What did you say? Communication 6 Complete the dialogue with the phrases in the box. I've heard Would you Ii loveto time fora while Sue Hi, Mark. | haven't seen you". Where have you been? ‘Mark Nowhere. I've just been busy. Sue Doyou have? for a cup of coffee now? Mark Sorry. | have to get back, Maybe another time. Sue No problem.*__ to goto a concert tomorrow? I'm going with some friends and there's a spare ticket. Mark Who's playing? Sue It’s a band called Spikes. 4 they're really good. Mark Vd * What time? Sue Itstarts at 8:30. |'Il meet you at the bus stop at 8:00. Listening 7 @ 2 Uisten to four people talking about their friends. Match speakers 1-4 with sentences a-e. There is one extra sentence that you do not need. Speaker? — Speaker 2 — Speaker 3 Speaker 4 ‘a. My best friend didn’t know anyone at school. b I've never fallen out with my best friend. ¢ Mybest friend is very different from me. d My best friend is getting married to my brother. e Iwas angry with my best friend.Listening 1. Look at the pictures and answer the questions. 1 Which activities are dangerous? What risks are the people taking? 2 Why do people do these activities? 3. How do you think the people feel? 4 Which activity would you like to try? 2 (128 Listen to a conversation. What new sport has Max tried? 3 (28 Listen again and complete the sentences. 1 Annie was going too fast to see a lot of — when she was on the canopy zipwire, 2. Max went climbing with — other people. 3. Max met Dan when he went — last summer. 4 _ hasalready climbed Mount Kilimanjaro. 5 They started the climb at _in the morning. 6 The view from the top of the mountain was 7. Annie went sailing with her brother and 8 __had never been sailing before. Speaking 4 Work in pairs and prepare a conversation. Imagine you are going on an “extreme weekend.” One of you has been ona weekend like this before and is describing the experience. Answer the questions. 1. What extreme activity did you do last time? 2 When and where did you do it? 3. What was it ike? How did you feel? 4 What did you enjoy most / least? 5 When are you planning to goon the trip? 5 Havea conversation. Use your ideas in exercise 4-and the chart below to help you. One of you is A and one of you is B. Change roles. A Did fever tell you about ..? B No, when was that? A Give details ofthe <==" event = B Ask whatit was like A Describe your eer feelings. == B Comment onthe experience A Invite B. ae Would you like t0 90. ? me B Accept. A Suggest a date. —— => B Suggest another date. A Agree. << Writing 6 Write an e-mail toa friend. Describe your extreme weekend. include details of the weekend and describe one exciting or frightening incident. Begin like thi I did something really amazing. (was... with... Wewent ... twas the most exciting / terrifying / amazing thing I've ever done. Cumulative review Starter—Unit 2 @ 27VOCABULARY AND LANGUAGE FOCUS eel terre Se oe ee Check the meaning of the verbs in blue in the Health quiz, Which words are similar in your language? Complete the table with the base forms of these verbs and nouns 1-12, 1 operation 5 prevention 9 treatment 2 transplant «6 cause 10 development 3 suffering 7 discovery 11 experiment Start thinking 4 cure 8 research 7 clone 1 When did doctors first use anesthesia? [12 Ginn Reo 2 What do you think zootherapy is? 3. Whatare the secrets of long iife? operation ae pins 2 @ 1B othe Health quiz. Decide which sentences are Communication: Ican .. true and which are false. Then listen and check. + talk about ability and possiblity ~ understanda tex! about altemative tnedicine * talk abour things that are possible or certain, + talkabout a healthy lifestyle + speculate about the pase > exchange opinions with other people + varitea discussion essay, Vocabulary + Medical science + Phrasal verbs eae Health’quiz ‘tad — true or false? + Post modals + should, must, haveto Before the 19th century, doctors could operate on people, but they didn’t have anesthesia. Many patients, Reach Out Options q z suffered terrible pain and died. ‘Surgeons can transplant human brains now. ¥ Joining & health club ! « =) Millions of people every year suffer from colds, but we I> Page 90 } _ yo eee ! still can’t cure this common iliness. In the future, we will probably be able to prevent people from getting colds, but we probably won't be able to cure them. Bie Tcaitvess ce [Bd Between 1918 and 1920, medical science couldn't / prevent a flu epidemic which caused the deaths of | approximately 50 million people. In 1928, Marie Curie disco ered ar radiation, Snack culture jn the Us, | | IE Before the invention of X-rays, doctors couldn't treat People with broken legs or arms, a | BED Scientists are now developing nanobots. These | microscopic robots will be able to prevent and cure Dou aties: ! diseases from inside our bodies. Althe doctors Scientists experimented with the first animal clones in the 19th century. In the early 20th century, they could | clone humans. | 28 @ Health matters3 Choose the correct words in the Top ten could, can, will be able to medical advances. Which do you think are the most and least important? Which are the most recent? 4 Complete sentences a~c from the Health quiz. Then answer questions 1-3. a We still cure this common illness. LO oueitaker hee b Doctors operate on people, but they didn’t have anesthesia, BB) A suliering / cure for malaria ¢ Robots _ prevent and cute diseases. i BD The cause / CTS) of antibiotics 1 Which sentences express ability? HB Developing / Suffering 2 vaccine for the flu 2. Which sentence expresses ability and possibility? BE) Clones / Operations to treat obesity 3 Which sentence refers to the HBB Drugs which prevent / discover depression a past?_b present? ¢ future? WD Heart transplants / developments (More practice <> Workbook page 25) BBD Research / Cures into the causes of cancer WWD Genetic therapy and causes / experiments with clones THE) The development / prevention of the jefe ina bubble common cold WED A treatment / transplant for headaches 5 Complete the text with affirmative and negative forms of can, could, and will be able to. When Rob Thompson was born he had a defective immune system, so his body couldn't fight against diseases, He '__ only survive inside a sterile plastic bubble or room, He 2__play outside with fiends. But thanks to a new treatment, Rob >__now do most of the things that he wants to do, although he #__ without special drugs, Inthe future, scientists *__ help other people lke Rob with gene therapy. They *__ improve the treatment for this illness and maybe even find a cure some day, 6 ACTIVATE Make sentences using the phrases in the chart and affirmative and negative forms of can, could, and will be able to. Then interview your partner about their ideas. When I was younger, transplant brains Inthe past, 1 use a computer These days, my best friend explain the universe Soon, myparents treat alot of diseases hope that some people live for 20 years day, scientists speak English Inthe future, run 50 km/h Teould speak English when No, Tcouldn’t, but | twas younger. Could you? could use a computer. O Finished? Write sentences about past, present, and future technological advances. Use could(n’t), can("t), and will / won't be able to. In the 14th century, people couldn't travel by plane. Health matters @ 29READING @ Alternative therapy can understand a text about alternative medicine. 1 Look at the pictures and the title of the text and answer the questions. Then read the text and check your answers. 1. What are the animals? 2 How do you think they're helping to treat people in each picture? 2 @& 1% complete the text with sentences ave, There is one extra sentence that you do not need. Listen and check your answers, a For example, they noticed that people who were sick usually became much happier when they were with their horses. b It can also be a very good cure for other behavioral problems like aggressiveness. ¢ However, doctors who use these treatments are sure they help patients. d They agree that zootherapy can’t cure everything, e Some skin diseases are difficult to treat with modern medicine. 3 BUILD YOUR VOCABULARY Complete the table with words from the text. What suffixes are used to form the nouns? specialize v treat v infect v illa depress v lonely a a Complete the sentences with a noun formed from the words in parentheses. Use the 1 Is there a cure for _? (sad) 2 We can test people's (intelligent) 3 People get a lot of __from animals. (enjoy) 4 There's a strong between humans and animals, (connect) 5 The doctor's _ asked me to wait in the waiting room. (reception) 30 @ Health matters 5 YOUROPINIONS Ask and answer the questions. 1. Which of the treatments in the text would you accept or refuse? Why? 2 Inyour opinion, is it good for people to have pets? Why / Why not? 3. Which do you think is better, alternative medicine or conventional medicine? 4 What other alternative medicines do you know? What's your opinion about them? 5. What alternative medicines are popular in your country? SOT aiieu alte ceo te) Poe a ae eeu ee eee Gren ae gts It was in China that I first saw doctors using bees. A specialist was using the stings from bees ta help people suffering from arthritis. The treatment is called apitherapy and although the stings must hurt, patients say that they feel much better afterwards because the treatment reduces the pain. In another part of the same clinic, a boy had his foot in a bath of small fish. The fish were cleaning an infection of tthe skin on his foot. *_ Research has shown that for people with these skin problems, this fish therapy could be more effective than creams and drugs.LANGUAGE FOCUS @ may, might, could, must, can’t Ican talk about things that are possible or certain. Study the modal forms in blue in sentences 1 Then choose the correct options in the rules. 1 The stings must hurt. 2 This fish therapy could be more effective than creams and drugs. 3 Some people may find it difficult to believe. 4 They can’t be imaginary. 5 tt might be good for you. Orutes a Wecan use may, might, and could to express possibility / ability b We use must and can’t when we are / aren't certain about things. ¢ Wedo/ don't use to after a modal verb. ‘More practice <2 Workbook page 25 In many parts of the world, we've become more interested in alternative treatments like these jn recent times, but Chinese practitioners have been using methods like apitherapy for thousands years. The Ancient Greeks also understood ‘che benefits of using animals to cure or improve certain medical prablems. ?__ They also believed that dogs could help cure certain ilinesses. This form of zootherapy is still popular. The patients of modern zootherapists spend time with domestic animals such as dogs and donkeys. It’s particularly effective for peaple suffering from depression or loneliness. 3 The scientific reasons for this aren’t 100% clear, but it seems that if we have contact with friendly, gentle, calm animals, wwe also become friendlier, gentler, and calmer. Some people may find it difficult to believe that these unusual treatments work. ‘__ The doctors say that the positive effects of animal treatments are so clear that they can’t be Imaginary, as some people suggest. So, if in the future your doctor ‘wants to treat you with a dog, some fish, or some bees, don’t be surprised — it might be good for you! 2 Choose the correct words. 1 You're improving. You might / can’t play in the school team one day. 2 Her leg can't / might be broken. She can still walk. 3 That experiment must / may work, but I'm not totally confident. 4 The treatment could / must be good. All the patients are better. 5 The weatheris bad, but with luckit can't / might change, 6 Acupuncture might / must help you. I'm not sure; 've never tried it. 3. Make sentences using the modal verbs in exercise 1 and the words in parentheses. Then compare your answers with a partner. Sarah is crying. (in pain) She may be in pain. 1 Your friend looks sick. (Au) 2 Richard is asleep. (tired) 3 They are speaking Spanish. (Mexican) 4 The teacher is laughing. (angry) 5 Lucy has gone to the hospital. (sick) 6 Andy works in a hospital. (surgeon} 4 ACTIVATE Exchange opinions about topics 1-6 using the phrases in the box and the modal verbs in exercise 1. befun be effective relaxyou be healthy be good exercise beboring be difficult bea good idea hurt 1 acupuncture 2 doinga triathlon 3 smoking 4 being with pets 5 doing yoga 6 research into the causes of arthritis think that acupuncture apes O Finished? Choose five pictures in your Student Book and write sentences with the modal verbs in exercise 1 Then swap with a partner and guess which ictures they have described. | think the man might be eighty years old. He must be in good shepe. (page 32) Health matters @ 3}32 Match the phrasal verbs in blue in The eight- point health plan with synonyms a-h. a start © recover from b visit f disconnect © reduce g not have d exercise h stop The eight-point health plan Give up smoking. BB Cut down on suger. Go without dessert sometimes, E9 Take up a hobby or sport ©) Work out in a gym once a week. Turn off your TV and computer more often, i Call on femily and friends frequently. Talk to people. It can help you to got over problems. Before you listen, read exercises 3 and 4 ‘carefully and underline key words. This will help you to understand the dialogue more easily. It will also help you to focus on the answers while you are listening. © Health matters @ 13 Read the introduction to the Live longer, live better article. Then listen. What is a centenarian? @ 155 Listen again and write true or false, 1 The Japanese lady hasn't stopped working. 2 James has to take up waterskiing, 3 Some of the people in the article smoke. 4 We should all give up chocolate. 5 Friends and family help you to feel good. 6 Allofthe people havea similar attitude to life. CTIVATE Work in groups. Talk about how you could improve your lifestyles. Think about the topics in the box and use the phrasal verbs in exercise 1. sports and exercise work social life family food bad habits don't get much exercise. Wy don't vu Take up basetballorswinming? ) or en aaa How can you live longer? This week’s special feature looks at centenarians from around the world.