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/ 93
1. General Provisions
1.0.1 This test method is formulated with a view to accommodate the requirement of highway
construction in China and ensure the highway engineering requirements for the aggregate quality.
1.0.2 This test method specifies the test method of aggregate for cement concrete, asphalt mixture and
roadbases of newly-built and reconstructed highway engineering at all levels.
1.0.3 Technical requirements of various aggregates shall comply with the requirements of current
relevant technical codes.
1.0.4 Instruments for this test method shall be cettified by the national relevant detection mechanism and
comply with the requirements of this test method.
0.5 The testing personnel shall comply with the requirements of safe operation, fire protection, gas,
defense and environmental protection in testing.
1.0.6 Aggregate samples delivered for test shall be labeled with origin, specification, quantity, delivery
unit, test item and delivery date, and they shall be packed to prevent pollution and damage.
2. Terminologies and Symbols
2.1 Terminologies
21.1 Aggregate
Grains for supporting and filling in the mixtures, including rubble, gravel, crushed sand, chips and sand
2.1.2 Coarse aggregate
In asphalt mixtures, the coarse aggregate refers to rubble, crushing gravel, screening gravel and slag with
size of greater than 2.36mm; in cement concrete, the coarse aggregate refers to rubble, gravel and crushing
gravel with size of greater than 4,75mm.
2.1.3 Fine aggregate
In asphalt mixture, fine aggregate refers to natural sand, manufactured sand (including crushed sand) and
chips with size of less than 2.36mm; in cement concrete, fine aggregate refers to natural sand and
‘manufactured sand with size of less than 4,75mn
2.1.4 Natural sand
Rock particles with size of less than 4,75mm and formed by natural weathering, current scouring and
stacking is divided into river sand, sea sand and pit sand by living environment
‘Manufactured sand, synthetic sand
Fine aggregate meets the specification requirements and is obtained by artificial proc
remove most of the soil and fines with vacuum draw method in the stone manufacturing procedure, or clean
fine aggregate obtained by chips water washing, Broadly, it is divided into crushed sand, slag sand and
burning sand which is all manufactured sand.
2.1.6 Crushed sand
Manufactured sand repeatedly crushed with sand making machine by rubble and gravel to that with size
of less than 2.36mm, it is also known as broken concreting sand,
2.1.7 Crushed stone dust, screenings, chips
ing generally When processing rubble in stone pit, the undersize fraction through the minimum mesh (usually 2.36mm
‘or 4,75mm) is also known as screenings.
2.1.8 Blend sand
A general des
chips mixed in a
2.1.9 Filler
Mineral powders in size of less than 0.075mm for filling in the asphalt mixture; generally, it is mineral
filler obtained by grinding limestone and other alkaline stone; sometimes, cement, slaked lime, fly ash and
‘other mineral may also be used as filler.
2.1.10 Mineral filler
Mineral powder, based on the main components of calcium carbonate, obtained by fine grinding the
limestone and other alkaline stone, for filler in the asphalt mixtures
2.1.11 Accumulated density
Mass per volume of substance grains (including the volume of grain solid, enclose, open void and
interparticle void); covering dry accumulated density and wet accumulated density
nation for the fine aggregate formed by natural sand, manufactured sand, crushed sand or
certain proportion
2.1.12 Apparent density
Dry mass per volume of substance grains (including volume of specific mineral component and closed
voids)
2.1.13 Apparent specific gravity
Ratio between the apparent density and the water density at the same temperature
2.1.14 Saturated surface-dry density
Saturated surface-dry mass per volume of substance grains (including all the bulk volume enclosed by the
specific mineral component, closed voids and open voids)
2.1.15 Saturated surface-dry bulk specific gravity
Ratio between the saturated surface-dry den
2.1.16 Bulk density
Dry mass per volume of substance grains (including all the bulk volume enclosed by the specific mineral
‘component, closed voids and open voids)
2.1.17 Bulk specific gravity
Ratio between the bulk density and the water density at the same temperature
2.1.18 Polished stone valve
The capacity for the stone resistance to the tyre polished action by the test method, that is, the friction
factor tested by portable pendulum tester after polished the stone
2.1.19 Aggregate impact value
Capacity for stone resistance to the shock load tested by the specified method, after impact test, it is less
and the water density at the same temperature
than the stone mass percentage of the specified size.
2.1.20 Weared stone value
Capacity for stone resistance to the abrasion effect tested by the specified method, and the measuring
method covers respectively Los Angeles abrasion test, Dodgers abrasion test and Dory abrasion test.
2.1.21 Crushed stone value
Capacity for stone resistance to crushing tested by the specified method, after crushing test, it is less than
the stone mass percentage of the specified size.
2.1.22 Percentage of voids in aggregate
Intergranule void space percentage of aggregate accounting for the total aggregate volume
2 2.1.23 Alkali-aggregate reaction
The phenomena that the cement concrete damaged due to the adverse reaction between the excessive
alkali in the cement or admixture and some active aggregate in the cement conerete
2.1.24 Sand pereentage
‘Sand mass to the total sand and stone mass of cement concrete mixtures, denoting by percentage
2.1.25 Flat and elongated particle in coarse aggregate
It refers to the elongated acicular particle and flat flaky particle in the coarse aggregate. When the ratio
between the minimum thickness (or diameter) of directions and the maximum length (or width) of the particle
shape is less than the specified ratio, it belongs to flat and elongated particle in coarse aggregate
2.1.26 Standard test sieves
Series sample sifter for sieve test of granularity materials that comply with the standard shape and
dimensions; the standard test sieves mesh is square (square mesh sieve), the sereen sizes are 75mm, 63mm,
53mm, 375mm, 315mm, 265mm, 19mm, lémm, 13.2mm, 9.Smm, 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 0.6mm,
0.3mm, 0.5mm and 0.075mm in tum, The dimension and technical requirements of various standard test
sieves shall comply with the requirements of Appendix A of this test method.
2.1.27 Maximum size of aggregate
‘The least screen size of standard test sieves requires 100% passing of aggregate
2.1.28 Nominal maximum size of aggregate
The minimum screen size for standard test sieves allowing all passing or slight non-passing aggregate
(generally, the allowed sieve residue is no more than 10%); usually, it is one grade less than the maximum,
size of aggregate
2.1.29 Fineness modulus
Denoting the thickness degree and category of natural sand grain size
2.2 Symbols
‘Symbols and meanings see Table 1
‘Table 1 Symbol and Meanings
‘Symbolfteaning ymbolfeunings
[Bulk specific gravity oF agaregate ym fiaturatcd wurfacondry bulk specific gravity of
ps
Put donsty of aggregate p_|pecumulatod densiy of aggregate
‘a. [Apparent density ofagarezae fwaterraio of aggregate
1 [Appareatapecie gravity oF aggregate o_ RWateraborption oF aggregate
(strated aurtce-dry densiy of aggregate co, Brtace water ati oF aggregate
cr [Coretion ctr inmpat of water empersture upon the water specific yravity | SV’ [Abbreviation of weared sone value
1» Pexcontage of voids in aggregate AAV [aggregate abrasion vlus (Dory method)
{@.__[atand elongated particle content comse agar
2. [Siteoment of aggregate A1¥- [Abbreviation of aggregate impact value
2, [etad content oF agaregate
Q, [Crushing value of couse agarezate ‘SE |Abreviaton of sand equivalent value
PSV [abbreviation of polished ston value MAY [Abrevation of methylene blue valve
1M Fineness modulus of sand 3. Coarse Aggregate Test
T 0301-2005 Sampling Method of Coarse Aggregate
1. Scope
This method is not only applicable to sampling of coarse aggregate, but also applicable to sampling
methods of such coarse aggregate mixtures as graded gravel and natural gravel,
2, Sampling method and sample copies
‘T0301-1 Sampling Method on Belt Conveyer
2.1 The materials through the belt conveyer such as production line of stone pit, cold burden conveyer belt
of asphalt mixer plant, stable aggregate of inorganic binder and graded gravel mixtures shall be sampled from
the belt conveyer. When sampling, one segment of materials (figure TO301-1) may be cut while the belt
conveyer stops suddenly, or be obtained from the end of the belt conveyer continuously in certain time,
‘compose the samples cut for more than every three times into one group of sample as the representative ones,
2.2 When sampling form the stock pile of the same batch of incoming materials from the yard of material,
the unrepresentative parts at the stock foot shall be rooted out first, and then, obtain some approximately equal
samples from the different evenly distributed parts on the top, middle and bottom of the stock pile, as one
group, and make sure that all the samples obtained could represent the condition and quality of this batch of
incoming materials.
2.3 When sampling from train, automobile and cargo ship, abstract some copies of approximately equal
samples from different parts and depths to compose a group of sample. The specific copies hereof shall be
determined by the representative samples composing this batch.
‘Nate(D By the observation, i ts beieved thatthe eubble or gavel quality discrepancy of tain wagons, automobile o cago ship are not 0
atone tran wagon, one automobile and one cargo sip samples (namely one group of samples) are allowed toe taken to be wed
the representative sample ofthat bath of agsregate.
1 bythe observation, its eee thatthe Batch of bbe or gravel quality deviate great tbe quality skeptcl buch of aggrezate sal
be sample and acer respectively.
2.4 When sampling from the hot bunker of asphalt mixer plant, it shall be sampled from the gross section of
4 the drain hole. Generally, the pots (at least 5 pots) charged according to formal production proportion at the
very start should be rejected, and then, discharge the hot bunkers to the loader, slump into cement ground, mix
properly, and sampling from more than 3 parts, mix evenly, sampling according to the quantity requested.
3. Sampling quantity
For each single test, sampling quantity of each group of samples should be no less than the minimum
sampling quantity specified in Table T0301-1. When several tests shall be made, if the sample after one test
could be ensured to finish the other test without affecting the result, the same group of samples may be used
to make several different tests.
‘Table 0301-1 the Minimum Sampling Mass of Coarse Aggregate Required for Test Items
Mina sampling (eve he allowing nomianaximon size a gpm)
me ams os B2 eo} 19} 265 31S. 378, 53 6 78
Siew » fo] 2s [sf] » | » | » | » | wo | w
Apc easy ote] « fefe] « [| 2 fw fw» fa fo
ater >t?) 2 f2f2]2]> 3 f4fele
Water arpton > fz) 2 f2fe|«[«fe«f«lfels
Acuna density w fo] » [wfo| » | » | w» | ww] | w
siamo sts] os [sla] = [wo fw | «fw fo
Chait s fel s [elm] = fw fw | fw |»
Mutanicoopacipuniceconen | 06 [12] 2s fas] s | » | w | —| — | —
sa at o
‘oes: Organic conten, consstoney and crising index value tests shal be sampled by the specified grade roqirements andthe sample
«quantity quired forthe test shall comply with he relevant regulations ofthis test method
2 When testing te apparent density with wide-mouth bottle mod, that with the maximum size of agregate of no greater than 40mm
shal be sample test ke
4, Sample division
Figure T0301-2 Distributor
Is 2ereveiving hopper
5
I-separatory funnel 4.1 Distributor method: mix the sample, see Figure T0301-2, it is divided into two equal copies
approximately through the distributor, and then, take one copy thereof, divide into two copies, divide into the
required quantity.
4.2 Quartation: sce Figure T0301-3. Place the samples on the flat slab, mix evenly in a state of nature,
spread frat approximately, and then, unfold the samples from the middle to the side
directions, divide it into four equal copies approximately, take the two diagonal copies, mix again, repeat the
above process, until the divided materials is more than that required for the test.
in two orthogonal
el
Figure T0301-3 Quartation Schematic Diagram
4.3 The divided sample quantity shall comply with the requirements of specified quantity by tests.
5, Sample packing
Each group of sample shall be packed by container preventing the fines dissipation and pollution, and it
See
shall be carried out with card to indicate the sample number, sampling time, origin, specification,
representative sample quantity, sample quality, required test items and sampling method,
T 0302-2005 Sieve Test of Coarse Aggregate and Aggregate Mixtures
1, Purpose and scope of application
1.1 Composition of particles for the determination of coarse aggregate (rubble, gravel and slag); the coarse
aggregate for cement concrete may be sieved by dry-sieve method; while the coarse aggregate for asphalt
‘mixtures and bases must adopt water washing test.
This method is also applicable to sieve test of aggregate mixtures containing coarse aggregate, fine
aggregate and mineral filler at the same time, such as crush run stone, graded gravel, natural gravel, graded
grit gravel, stabilized base material of inorganic binder, cold burden mixtures of asphalt mixer plant, hot
bunker material and solvent extracted mineral aggregate of asphalt mixtures.
2. Tools and materials
(1) Test sieve: specified standard test sieves shall be adopted upon request.
(2) Sieve shaker
(3) Balance or platform balance: sensibility is no more than 0.1% of the sample mass
(4) Others: plate, shovel, brush and so on,
3. Test preparation Divide the incoming material with distributor or quartation into volume required for the sample specified
in table T0302-1 according to the requirements, air day for standby. Sift it with mesh size of the maximum
size of aggregate upon request to remove the grains greater than the specified size, and then sieve.
‘Table T0302-1 Sample Mass for Sieving
[Nominal maximum size of aggregate (on) 1s| 63] ars | as | 265 | 19] 16) 95] 475
Sample ms, es than (ke) wl sf} os | 4 | 2s fatal] os
4, Dry-sieve method test procedure of coarse aggregate for cement concrete
4.1 Take one sample, place it in the 105'C::5'Coven, dry to the constant wei
dry aggregate sample (m0), accurate to 0.1%.
4.2 Use the enamel tray as the screening container; sereen the aggregate one by one according to screen size
order. When adopting artificial screening, it is necessary to make the aggregate do nonstop sport in horizontal
direction and above-below direction at the same time, so that the aggregate with size less than the mesh may
pass through the mesh hereof, until the aggregate mass passing through the mesh within Imin is less than 1%
of the screen residue; when screening with sieve shaker, it shall be artificially screened in addition after the
sieve shaker screening. Merge the passing grain into the next sieve; screen it together with the next sieve of
sample orderly, until all sieves are screened. Make sure that the mass of aggregate passing through the mesh
within Imin is less than 0.1% of the screen residue.
ght, weigh the total mass of the
[Note since the 0075mm mesh dry sieving can hardy sereen out the rock flour less than 0.07Smm on the coarse aggregate surface, and for the
course aggregate for coment corte, .075mm pasing ate has no consequence, 50 it may not he Steen, andthe undrsize action of 0.8mm
mesh shall bused a 0.075 for sieve residue calculation, suppose the 0.07Smum passing ate ofcourse ager is
4.3 If the aggregate on some sieve is so much that it affects the screening, it may be sereened in twice,
When the size of sieve residue aggregate is greater than 19mm, particles could be shifted with figure slightly
in the screening process, but it shall not screen out one by one.
4.4 Weigh the sieve residue on each sieve, accurate to 0.1% of the total mass; the difference between the
total dry mass m0 of the sample before screening, and the sum sieve residue of each sieve shaker and screen
bottom stock shall not exceed 0.5% of m0.
5. Water washing test procedure of coarse aggregate for asphalt mixture and base
5.1 Take one sample, place it in the 105°C5°C oven, dry to the constant weight, weigh the total mass of the
ry aggregate (m3), accurate to 0.1%,
Note: the constant weight refers tothe former and later weighing diference sess than the weighing ecuracy roguied by the test in ease hat
‘he two adjacent weighing intervals are renter than 3h nelly no es than 6h)-The same below
5.2 Place the sample in a clean container, add adequate volume of uncontaminated water, submerge the
aggregate completely, but shall not use any wash, dispersant or surfactant
5.3 Sufficiently stir the aggregate with stirrer to wash clean the aggregate surface, so that fines suspend
under water, but shall not crush the aggregate or spill any aggregate from water.
5.4 Select aggregate by sizes to form a set of sieves, and its bottom is 0.075mm standard test sieves, top i
2.36mm or 4.7mm sieve. Pour out the suspension mixed with fines from the container, which flows into
another container through the set of sieves; never spill the coarse aggregate as far as possible lest damaging
the standard test sieves surface.
Note it is unncsisary to ail all the aggrogate fom he container, but only suspension. And it eanot be diretly poured on 0.075mm sens to
vi aparegate droping out ofthe dnaged secon src.
5.5 Repeat process 5.2~5.4, until the water poured
it slowly
clean, if necessary, water flow may be adopted to flush 5.6 Reclaim all the aggregate in screens and containers of the set of sieves into the enamel tray, and the
container shall not carry any aggregate particle
‘Nove: ines chung othe 0.07Sram sere sure i hard to be eeaimed int the enamel a; by then, backof the sree on the ena! ay, fash
nt bras he ines im the enams ay, shall not be dssipated
5.7 To ensure that fines are not subject to loss, filter the water accumulated in the enamel tray carefully,
place the enamel tray together with the aggregate in 105'C+5'Coven, dry to the constant weight, weigh the
total mass of the dry aggregate sample (m4), accurate to 0.1%. The difference between m; and m4 is the
0.075mm undersize fraction.
5.8 Screening the reclaimed dry aggregate into sieve residue more than 0.075mm sieve by the dry sieving
method, by then, 0.07Smm undersize fraction shall be 0; if it can screen out, it shall be merged into water
‘washing 0.075mm undersize fraction, and it shows that water does not clean the aggregate.
6. Caleulation
6.1 Computation of screening result with dry-sieve method.
6.1.1 Calculate the difference between the sieve residue and screen bottom stock sum and the total dry
mass of sample before screening mp, use it as the loss when screening, and calculate the attrition rate,
recording in Colum (1) of Table 0302-2; if the attrition rate is greater than 0.3%, it shall retest again,
msm Sms boson) (70302-1)
‘Where: m;—Loss resulted from screening ();
‘my —Tetal mass of dry aggregate for dry sieving (g);
m-—Sieve residue of sieves in different numbers (2);
i —Order of 0.075mm and 0.15mm to the maximum size of aggregate;
‘yore —Total mass of aggregate at the screen bottom (less than 0.075mm) (2)
6.1.2 Sieve residue percentage of dry sieve shaker
Sieve residue percentage of various sieves after dry sieving is calculated by formula (T0302-2), recording
in Column (2) of Table T0302-2, accurate to 0.1%.
(0302-2)
Where: P’;
‘ms —Loss resulted from sereening (g);
‘mg —Total mass of dry aggregate for dry sieving (g);
m,—Sieve residue of sieves in different numbers (2);
i — Order of 0.075mm and 0.15mmto the maximum size of aggregate;
6.1.3 Sieve residues percentage of dry sieving
Sieve residue percentage of various sieves is the sum of all the sub sieve residue percentages on the sieve
of that number, recording in Column (3) of Table T0302-2, accurate to 0.1%.
6.1.4 Mass passing rate of various dry sieves
jeve residue percentage of various sieves (%);
Mass passing rate of various sieves Pi is equal to 100 subtracts sieve residues percentage of that sieve,
recording in Column (4) of Table T0302-2, accurate to 0.1
6.1.5 0,075mm sieve passing rate is calculated by screen bottom stock being divided by loss-free total dry
aggregate mass.
6.1.6 Testing results is denoted by the average value of the two tests, recoding to Column (5) of Table
0302-2, accurate to 0.1%. When difference of two testing results P0.075 exceeds 1%, the test shall be made
again. Table T0302-2 Screening Records of Dry Sieving Method of Coarse Aggregate
Tota mas of dry Group | Group?
sample m0 (x) 3000 3000 _—_
Mastonithe | Subsicve | Steve Paningrax Massonthe | Subsieve | Siew PassinzrndPassingrate
Mesh sizecnm) | sieve mite) | residue) 06) _| sicvemicey | residue %) [residues ) ©,
@ @ @ o @ 8 o | 6
0 o 0 ° 100 o 0 ° vo | 100
6 63 na nr | rs | ova as aa | sor | 167
2 419 M44 se | os | ato Ms sis | a2 | m3
os smo 267 ots | as6 | ans 268 ois | asa | oss
478 998 3.0 va | 26 | oss ax | oa | 26 | 26
236 v4 a3 oor | os os a3 7 | ox | os
Lis 82 03 so | 00 8 03 woo | oo | 00
a6 as 00 roo | oo 02 00 woo | oo | 00
a3 a0 00 ooo | 00 oo 00 re a
01s a0 oo oe oo 00 oe a
oms 00 oo 0.0 | 00 00 00 wooo | 00 | oo
Sereenbottom mana] 00 00 1000 oo oo woo | oo
Total mas afer
zens | 1000 282 | too
screening Bi (@)
oss 5 (@) 22 1
Atriionrae =) | 007 0.06
6.2 Wet sieving result calculation
6.2.1 Calculate 0.075mm undersize fraction mass m0.075 and content P0.075 of coarse aggregate by
formulas (0302-3) and (0302-4), recording to Table T0302-3, accurate to 0.1%, When the difference of two
testing results P0.075 exceeds 1%, the test shall be made again.
Mons = My ~My (0302-3)
MBM 109 (0302-4)
ms
Poors
Where: Pao2s —Content of coarse aggregate less than 0.075mm (passing rate) (%);
‘mag7s—That with mass less than 0.075mm obtained by water washing in the coarse aggregate (z);
m;—Total mass of dry coarse aggregate for water washing (g);
‘m,—Total mass rear dry coarse aggregate after water washing (g);
6.2.2 Calculate the difference between the sieve residue and screen bottom stock sum and the total dry
‘mass my of sample before screening, use it as the loss when screening, and calculate the attrition rate,
recording in Colum (1) of Table T0302-3; if the attrition rate is greater than 0.3%, it shall retest again.
ms-msALonctmigars) (70302-5)
Where: ms——Loss resulted from sereening (2);
m;—Total mass of dry aggregate for water sieving (g);
iy —Sieve residue of various sieves (2);
Order of 0.075mm and 0.15mmto the maximum size of aggregate;
‘mags —Mass of aggregate with size of less than 0.075mm after water washing (g), namely (m3-m4)
9 6.2.3 Calculate the sieve residue percentage, sieve residues percentage, mass passing rate of other sieves,
and the calculation method is identical to dry-sieve method. When the dry sieving losses some screening, it
shall subtract the loss from the total mass specified in the method of 6.1 (see report example), record the
results respectively into Columns (2), (3 and (4) of table T0302-3.
6.2.4 The testing result is denoted by two test average, recording in Column (5) of table T0302-3
‘Table T0302-3 Screening Records of Wet Sieving Method of Coarse Aggregate
Group ‘Group?
“Total mass of dry sample (e)
3000) 3000)
“Tonal mass onthe ewe afer water washing
a 2868 Average
mie)
(.075mnm undersize mas 0.075 aller wate
a 1
washings)
(0.075mm passing rate POOTS a) “o aa 2
Sieve
Mass om ie Passing Moni) Susie] "| Paine | Panne
Mesh size (om) sieve oc rate (7) [ive ni aesive¢ ree | ater
{| | |
of eflefelolelolele
18 so | 02 | 02 | 998 | 00 | 00 | 00 | 100 | 999
6 os | 22 | ma | m6 | ows | 27 | 27 | m3 | 709
2 waa [4 | soe | a2 | x2 [2x0 | so7 | wa | 2
35 m2 | 28 | mo | 24 | res | 260 | m7 | 233 | 2a
a5 ssa] ns | wr | io | v7 | te | ss | no | ite
236 voi] 23 | va | 96 | os | 23 | v0 | 94 | 95
Lis s7s_| 29 [a3 | a7 | 91 | 26 | 32 [| os | a7
Dry-sieve method
06 as | 23 | 96 | aa | 3 | 20 | 952 | ae | a6
screening ater wat
, 03 ae | oa [97 [as | a3 | or | oss | a7 | as
washing
01s se | o2 | 99 | 41 [ 38 | 01 | oss | as [ a3
0075 23 [01 | wo | 40 | « | 01 | ose | aa | a2
Seen
Cs :
Dovtom 7 on
“Total mass afer ry
amet | 960 ass | 956
sieving Bude)
Toss a) 0 35
‘Aton rate) 005 09
Tota massa subaetingtheloss(@)_| 2999. 20075
"Note: Ifthe sereen bottom m boom isnot (it shal be merged ito 0.075, and P0075 shall be recall,
7. Report
7.1 The screening result is denoted by mass passing rate of various meshes, it should be recorded in the
form of Table T0302-2 or Table T0302-3.
7.2 The aggregate for asphalt mixture and base material mix design should draw aggregate grading curve,
of which its horizontal coordinate is 0.45 orders (see Table T0302-4), its longitudinal coordinate is ordinary
coordinate, see Figure T0302-1 “Table 10302-4 Horizontal Coordinate of Grading Curve cae
Mesh dra) coos [01s [03 7 18 475
Hoviconeoontinate a2 | oa | ose | o7s | 107 | iam | 2006
Mesh dd) 98 132 16 9 26s | sis [as
Horizontal coorinats armas | siss [sae [a0 | asm [ars [sto
100 s
” ¥ r
%»
z= 70
2 @
E
a 9
S «
5»
g
< »
10
°
ors 03 06 «118236 475 9s 26
Mesh size (mm)
Figure T0302-1 Aggregate Grading Curve and Mineral Aggregate Grade Design Curve
73 The same aggregate takes at least two samples to make parallel test, take the average as the testing
result of sieve residue on each number of sieve and report the aggregate grading composition passing rate and
grading curve,
T 0303-2005 Sieve Test of Soil-containing Coarse Aggregate
Purpose and scope of application
This method is applicable to determine the particles composition of clay soil-containing coarse aggregate.
Note: For the natural gravel soil, soil aggregate, and materials of middle and low-grade pavement, the
clay soil particles cover the gravel (rubble) and sand particles. The method of T0302 does not applicable to
such materials,
2. Tools and materials
(1) Test sieve: specified standard test sieves shall be adopted upon request.
(2) Balance or platform balance: sensi
lity is no more than 0.1% of the sample mass
(3) Oven: it may maintain temperature of 105°C£5°C
(4) Container: it may vigorously stirring samples in this container and the sample or water may not lose
(5) Others: plate, shovel, brush and so on.
3. Test preparation
Divide the incoming material with distributor or quartation into volume required for the sample specified
in table T0303-1 according to the requirements, drying or air dry for standby.
n ‘Table T0303-1 Mass of Sample for Sieving
‘Nominal mania size of aggregate ea) 75[ 3] 375 [315 [ 265 [v9] te] os] 475
‘Sample mass es than (kg) wi s[ s | 4 | 2s
05
4, Sieve test process of soil-containing coarse aggregate
4.1 Place the sample in the tray, and put them together into 105°C-+5'C: oven with constant temperature,
drying for 24h+1h
4.2 Take out sample from the oven, cooling, weighing, and accurate to 0.1% of the sample mass, denoted
by ml (g)
4.3 Place the sample in the container, inject water in the container, and submerge the sample.
4.4 Vigorously stir the sample and water in the container, so that the particles cling to the coarse grain less
than 0.07Smm separate completely and suspend under water.
4.5 When testing the liquid limit and plasticity index of the fine-grained soil, slump suspension in the
container on 0.6mm mesh sievé
, a container is placed under the sieve for receiving suspension.
4.6 Reclaim the residue on the sieve into the cleaning container.
4.7 Repeat the above process, until the water in the cleaning container is clean
4.8 Place the clean aggregate into the tray, and place them together into 105'C+5'C oven with constant
temperature, drying for 8h~12h,
4.9 Take out the sample from the oven, cooling, weighing the mass, accurate to 0.1% of the original sample
mass, denoted by m2 (g). Screening (dry sieving) the sample with methods specified in T 0302,
4.10 Clarify the suspension in the container, so that the fine-grained soil precipitates. In the precipitation
process, spill carefully the fresh water on the top layer by several times, please not to spill precipitate.
4.11 Air drying the fine-grained soil on the container bottom, take out and shatter it, mix evenly, take out
part of it therefrom to make liquid limit and plasticity test.
4.12 Take part of air dried fine-grained soil, place in the 105°C5°C oven, dry for 24h=1h, cooling,
weighing 100g, denoting by m3 (z)
4.13 Place the drying fine-grained soil in a container, inject water into the container, vigorously stir the
water and soil in the container, so that the particles less than 0.075mm may separate from the
0.075mm~0.6mm particles
4.14 Dump suspension on the 0.075mm mesh sieve; continue to clean the residue on the screen, until the
undersized lotion is clean,
4.15 Back put the sieve, carefully flush it with water into the tray, place it in the 105 ‘C5°C oven, drying
for 8h~12h, cooling and weighing the mass, denoting by m4 (2)
4.16 When it is unnecessary to test the liquid limit and plasticity index of fine-grained soil, suspension may
be directly dumped onto 0.075mm mesh sieve, repeatedly clean the aggregate in the container, until the water
in the container is clean,
4.17 Reclaim the cleaning material on the sieve by methods specified in 4.15, dry them together with the
cleaning material in the container, weighing the mass, denoting by mS (g)
4.18 Screening the dried aggregate by methods specified in T 0302
5. Sieve test process of aggregate mixture
Determine the 0.07S5mm undersize fraction content (passing rate) by methods specified in T 0302
6. Caleulation
6.1 Calculate the content of particle less than 0.6mm by formula (T0303-1) c= 4 x10 (70303-1)
my
Where: C——Content of particle less than 0.6mm (%);
my—Mass of dried sample (g):
m:——Dried mass of aggregate on 0.6mm mesh sieve (g)
6.2 Calculate the content of particle less than 0.075mm in the fine-grained soil by Formula (T0303-2)
(0303-2)
Where: F —Content of particle less than 0.075mm in the fine-grained soil (%);
m;—Dried mass of fine-grained soil (g);
m;—Dried mass of 0.075mm~0,6mm particle (g)
6.3 Calculate the content of particle less than 0.075mm in the whole aggregate by Formula (T0303-3)
F=CxF (0303-3)
Where: F —Content of particle less than 0.07Smm in the whole aggregate (%);
6.4 Calculate the content of particle less than 0.07Smm in the whole aggregate by Formula (T0303-4)
mM 5100 (10303-4)
m,
G
Where: G—Content of particle less than 0,075mm in the whole aggregate (%);
‘ms—Dried mass of all the aggregate on 0,075mm mesh sieve (2)
T 0304-2005 Coarse Aggregate Density and Water Absorption Test (Wire-Mesh
Basket Method)
1. Purpose and scope of application
This method is applicable to determine the apparent specific gravity, saturated surface-dry bulk specific
gravity, bulk specific gravity, apparent density, saturated surface-dry dens
absorption of various coarse aggregates.
2. Tools and materials
bulk density and water
(1) Balance or soaking balance: suspensible hanging basket determines the aggregate mass in water, the
weighing shall meet the requirements for weighing sample quantity, and the sensibility is no greater than
0.05% of the maximum weighing.
(2) Hanging basket: made of rust protection materials, the diameter and height are about 150mm, it is
made of Imm~2mm sieve mesh in the surroundings and bottom, or it is provided with dense eyelet,
(3) Overflow trough: it may maintain a certain water gage height when weighing the mass in water.
(4) Oven: it may control temperature to be 105°C+5°C
(5) Towel: made of purified cotton, clean, and it may also be replaced by purified cotton singlet cloth
(6) Thermometer (7) Standard test sieves
(8) Water container (such as enamel tray)
(9) Others: brush
3. Test preparation
3.1 Remove the
screening with 4.7Smm sieve, for 2.36mm~4.75mm aggregate, or coarse aggregate mixed in the 4.75mm or
below chips, they shall be screened by 2.36mm standard test sieves, divide with quartation or distributor
method into two copies by the required mass for standby. It shall test respectively the coarse aggregate for
asphalt pavement in different specifications, but shall not mix, the aggregate sample taken thereof shall
basically maintain the original grade, When testing the 2.36mm~4.75mm coarse aggregate, the test process
shall be careful, but shall not lose aggregate.
3.2 The mass of divided coarse aggregate for density and water absorption testing shall be in accordance
with those specified in Table T0304-1
‘Table 03041
ine aggregate from the sample with standard test sieves, for the coarse aggregate,
imum Mass of Sample for Testing the Density
e(oam) 475 | 95] 16 19] 265 | sis | azs [os] 7s
‘Nominal maximum sizeof agg
“Mininamn mass fpr share of ample (ke) os fr falif as] as} 2 fats
3.3 Soak all the aggregate samples into water, stir properly, carefully scour off the dust and rock flour clung
to the aggregate surface, repeatedly rinse it until the water is clean. Cleaning process shall not dissipate
aggregate particles.
4. Test procedure
4.1 Take one copy of sample, load in a clean enamel tray, inject clean water, the water surface shall be at
least 20mm tower above the sample, stir slightly to make the air bubble attached to the stone spill completely
Soaking 24h at room temperature
4.2 Hang the hanging basket by the balance hook, immerge the overflow trough, inject water in the
overflow trough, the spout hole with gage height reaching the trough shall adjust the balance to zero. Sieve
mesh of the hanging basket shall ensure that the aggregate will not run off through the mesh, the
2.36mm~4,75mm coarse aggregate shall be screened by pinhole sieve mesh or a tray shall be put into the
wire-mesh basket
4.3 Regulate the water temperature within 15°C~25'C. Move the sample to the hanging basket. The gage
height in the overflow trough is controlled by the spout hole of the trough, stable, Weigh the aggregate mass
in water (mw),
4.4 Lift the hanging basket, dribble a little, the coarse aggregate may directly slump into the wring out wet
towel. Take out the thinner coarse aggregate (2,36mm~4.7Smm) together with the tray, slightly ineline the
enamel tray, carefully spill the surplus water, slump the coarse aggregate into the wring out wet towel, absorb
the free water leaked from the aggregate with towel. This process shall pay special attention to be free of
particle loss, or finely ground particle attaching to the hanging basket, Slightly wipe dry the surface water of
aggregate particles with wring out wet towel, until the surface
saturate-surface-dry condition of aggregate, When the coarse aggregate size is larger, it should be wiped dry
one by one. Note: for the thicker coarse aggregate, it shall not be exerted when twisting the wet towel to
imperceptible to bright water trace, namely,
prevent too dry; for the thinner and water contained coarse aggregate, the towel may be twisted drier. When
wiping surface water on the particles, it shall not only erase the surface water, but shall not suck out the water
inside the particle. The whole process shall not lose any aggregate, and the dried aggregate shall not be placed
in the air continuously to prevent aggregate from drying.
Note; for 2.36mm-4.75mm agree itis cay to atach Fine arain aggregate when toweling, and thereby, esting in agstegt os, by then,
16 loan purified coton singlet lth shoud be se instead wipe dy tthe saturated suriee-ryconon
4.5 Weighing the saturated surface-dry mass (mf) of aggregate immediately in the saturated surface-dry
condition,
4.6 Place the aggregate on a tray, put them into the 105 ‘C-45°C oven, drying to constant weight; take out the
tray, place it into a covered container, cooling to room temperature, weighing the drying mass of the aggregate
(ma)
Note the constant weight refer othe former a later weighing dilfeenc ses thn the weighing curacy et equrement bythe etn
case hat the wo aacent weighing ftervaare less than the acewaey requied bythe tet namely 0
belo than heh,
rally, the baking time in oven shall ot
4.7 For aggregate of the same specification, it shall make twice the parallel test; take the average as the test
result,
5. Calculation
5.1 Apparent specific gravity ya, saturated surface-dry bulk specific gravity 7s, bulk specific gravity yb are
calculated to be 3 decimal places by formulas (T304-1), (T0304-2) and (T0304-3)
—— (T0304-1)
(0304-2)
(703043)
m,—m,
Where: ys Apparent specific gravity of the aggregate, zero dimension;
e, zero dimension;
ys Saturated surface--—Total mass of sample and container after drying (2);
ms——Container mass (g)
5. Report
Use the arithmetic mean value of the two parallel test results as the measured value
6 T 0306-1994 Water Ratio Short-time Test of Coarse Aggregate (Alcohol
Combustion Method)
1. Purpose and scope of application
Rapid determination for water ratio of rubble or gravel
2. Tools and materials
(1) Balance: weighing 1000g and the sensibility is no greater than 1.0g
(2) Container: iron or aluminium tray
(3) Graduated cylinder or graduate greater than SOmL,
(4) Alcohol: ordinary industrial alcohol
3. Test procedure
3.1 Take a clean container, weigh the mass (1)
3.2 Add about 500g sample into the clean dirt-free container, wei
(m)
3.3 Add about SOmL alcohol into the sample in the container, mix evenly, ignite for buming, and mix the
sample continuously, wait for the flame extinguishing, Imin later, add about SOmL. alcohol again, and
gh the total mass of sample and container
continue the above processes.
3.4 Wait for the flame extinguishment for the second time, weigh the total mass of the dry sample and
container (ms)
‘Note: The sample surface shal be dey colored fer the ro buming otherwise, shal be burnt again by adding alesho.
4, Calculation
Water ratio of coarse aggregate is calculated by formula (0306-1), accurate to 0.1%
o= 74 «100 (10306-1)
mm,
Where: «Water ratio of coarse aggregate (%);
‘my—Container mass (g)
‘mr—Total mass of sample and container before burning completely (g);
‘m;—Total mass of sample and container after drying (2);
5. Report
Use the arithmetic mean value of the two parallel test results as the measured value
T 0307-2005 Water Absorption Test of Coarse Aggregate
1. Purpose and scope of application
Test the rubble or gravel water absorption, that is, test the water ratio of saturate-surface-dry condition of
aggregate based on the drying mass
2. Tools and materials
(1) Oven: it may control temperature to be 105°C45°C
(2) Balance: weighing Skg and the sensibility is no greater than 5g
7 (3) Standard test sieves: mesh diameters are 4.7Smm, 2.36mm
(4) Others: container, tray, wire brush and towel
3. Test preparation
Screen the selected sample, adopt 4.75mm sieve for the cement concrete aggregate, 2.36mm sieve for
the asphalt mixture aggregate, respectively sift out the particles less than the mesh size; And then, prepare
sample according to methods specified in T 0301, divide it into two shares, and for standby after being
cleaned by seratch brush
4, Test procedure
4.1 Take one share of sample, place it in a water-contained container, make the water surface be about Smm_
higher than the
iface, after 24h, take out the sample from water, and slightly wipe dry the water content on.
e with wring out wet towel, namely, the s
the particle surfa the
turated surface-dry sample. Immediately pl
sample hereof in the tray for weighing (m2); in the whole test process, the water temperature must be kept to
be 20°C45°C
4.2 Place the saturated surfa
dry sample together with the tray into the 105'C5°C oven, drying to
constant weight; take out the tray, place it into a covered container, cooling for more than 1h, weighing the
total mass of the drying sample and tray (m1),
5. Calculation
Water absorption is calculated by formula (T0307-1), accurate to 0.01%
(0307-1)
m,—m,
Where: «2, Water absorption of aggregate (%);
‘m,—Total mass of drying sample and tray (g);
‘m;—Total mass of saturated surface-dry sample and tray before drying (g);
m;——Mass of tray (g);
6. Report
Use the arithmetic mean value of the two parallel test results as the measured value
T 0308-2005 Coarse Aggregate Density and Water Absorption Test (Volumetric
Flask Method)
1, Purpose and scope of application
1.1 This method is applicable to determine the apparent specific gravity, saturated surface-—Total mass of graduated cylinder and sample (kg);
V— Capacity of graduated cylinder (L);
5.3 Voidage of coarse aggregate for cement concrete at vibration compaction condition is calculated by
formula (0309-3),
1-2) x100 (70309-3)
Po
Where: ¥—Voidage of coarse aggregate for cement concrete (%)
,—Apparent density of coarse aggregate (t/n');
p-—Accumulated density of coarse aggregate tested by vibro-compressor method (t/m*)
5.4 Voidage of coarse aggregate for asphalt mixture at framework tamping condition is calculated by
formula (T0309-4).
VCA,
=(-2)x100 (0309-4)
Po
Where: VCApac—Percent air voids in coarse aggregate at tamping condition (%);
ps ——Bulk density of coarse aggregate tested according to T0304 (t/m*);
p-——Natural accumulated density of coarse aggregate tested according to tamping method (t/m3)
6. Report
Use the arithmetic mean value of the two parallel test results as the measured value
T 0310-2005 Silt Content and Clod Content Test of Coarse Aggregate
1. Purpose and scope of application
Test the total content of dust, silt and clay less than 0.075 in the rubble or gravel and content of clod
particles over 4.75mm,
2. Tools and materials
(1) Balance or platform balance: sensibility is no more than 0.1% of the sample mass
(2) Oven: it may control temperature to be 105°C+5°C
(3) Standard test sieves: when testing the clay content, use two square mesh sieves, one with mesh
diameter of 1.18mm and the other with diameter of 0.075mm; when testing the clod content, use two square
mesh sieves, one with mesh diameter of 2.36mm and the other with diameter of 4.75mm,
(4) Container: barrel or enamel tray with capacity of about 10L,
(5) Tray and brush
3. Test preparation
Sampling according to T 0301 method, divide the sample into the mass specified by table T0310-1 with
quartation or distributor method (pay attention to prevent fines from losing and clay chunks ftom crushing),
place ina 105°C5'Coven, dry to the constant weight, cool down to the room temperature, and then, divide
into two shares for standby,
Table T0310-1
inimum Mass of Sample Required for the Silt Content and Clod Content Test
Nominal maximum size of garegate (rum) 495 [95] 16] 19] 265 | sis | 37s | 63] a5
Minimum mas ofthe sample (ks) is [22
0 4. Test procedure
4.1 Silt content test procedure
4.1.1 Weigh one share of sample (m0), load into the container, watering, soak 24h, elutriate particles by
hand in water (or scrub by brush), so that the dust and clay may be separate from the thicker particles, so it
suspends in water; slowly pour the turbid liquid into the 1.18mm and 0.075mm set of sieves, filter the
particles less than 0.075mm,Both sides of the sieve before testing shall be wet by water, in the whole test
process, it shall pay attention to not loss the particles greater than 0.075mm.
4.1.2 Add water into the container again; repeat the above process, until the water is clean.
4.1.3 Wash the remained granule on the sieve, place the 0.07Smm sieve in water (make the water surface
be higher above the particle a bit), shake to completely clean the particles less than 0.075mm, and then, load
the remained particle on the sieve and clean sample in the container together into the tray, place in a
105'C5'Coven, dry to the constant weight, take out it, cool down to the room temperature, weigh the sample
sass (11).
4.2 Clod content test procedure
4.2.1 Take one share of sample
4.2.2 Screen the sample with 4.7mm sieve, sift out the particle less than 4.7mm, and weigh the sample
mass (m:)
4.2.3 Spread the sample in the container, watering to make the water surface tower above the sample
surface, after 24h, drain the water, press the clod with hand, and then, wash the sample on a 2.36mm sieve by
water, until the water is clean
4.2.4 Carefully take out sample on the 2.36mm sieve, place in a 105'C+S'Coven, dry to the constant
weight, cooling to the room temperature, take out the sample and weigh it (m3)
5. Calculation
5.1 Silt content of rubble or gravel is calculated by formula (T0310-1), accurate to 0.1%.
(T0310-1)
Where: Qy—Silt content of rubble or gravel (%);
‘nig —Mass of dried sample before test (2);
m;—Mass of dried sample after test (g);
Take the two tests’ arithmetic mean value as the measured value, when the difference between two results
exceeds 0.2%, it shall be re-sampling to make test again. The silt content of the aggregate for asphalt
pavement is recorded as the content of particle less than 0.07Smm,
5.2 Clay clod content of rubble or gravel is calculated by formula (T0310-2), accurate to 0.1%
(70310-2)
Where: 0; —Clay clod content of rubble or gravel (%);
m>—Residue of 4.75mm sieve (g);
‘Mass of dried sample after test (g);
Take the arithmetic mean value of the two test results for the two samples as the measured value, when
the difference of the two results exceeds 0.1%, test shall be made again by re-sampling. T 0311-2005 Flat and Elongated Particle Content Test in Coarse Aggregate for
Cement Concrete (Gauge Device Method)
1, Purpose and scope of application
1.1 This method is applicable to determine the flat and elongated particle content of coarse aggregate over
4.75mm for cement concrete, calculating by percentage,
1.2 The flat and elongated particle in coarse aggregate tested by this method refers to the particles with ratio
between the dimension in minimum thickness (or diameter) direct
on of coarse aggregate particle tested by
special gauge device and the dimension in the maximum length (or width) of less than a certain propor
1.3 Flat and elongated particle content in coarse aggregate tested by this method may be used for evaluating
the shape of aggregate and its applicability in engineering
2. Tools and materials
(1) Flat and elongated gauge device of cement concrete aggregate sees Figure TO311-1 and Figure
T1031 1-2; thickness of steel plate substrate of flat gauge device is 3mm, the dimension shall be in accordance
with those specified in Table 0311-1
Figure T10311-2 Flat Gauge Device (Dimensional Unit: mm)
‘Table TO3LI-1 Grade Classification and the Width or Interval of Corresponding Gauge Device Hole of Flat and Elongated
25 Particle in Coarse Aggregate Test of Cement Concrete Aggregate
Grade (square mesh sieve) (mm) 478-9.5]9.5-16] 16-1] 19-26.5] 265-315] 31.5375
171 [206] 20] se | coe | ms
Comesponding upright poss interval width onthe elongated gauge device (om)
®) |e }eo| oe |e |e
2a [si fro{ or | ue | as
Corresponding bok width onthe lat gauge device (mm)
aw) Las fas} a | ao | a
(2) Balance or platform balance: sensibility is no more than 0.1% worth the sample mass
(3) Standard test sieves: bore diameters are 4.7mm, 9.5mm, 16mm, 19mm, 26.5mm, 31.5mm, 37.5mm
respectively; adopted upon request when testing
3. Test preparation
Air dry the sample indoors to dry tack fre
ide it to the mass specified in Table TO311-2 with
quartation or distributor method, weigh the sample thereo (m0), and then, screen it into grade specified by
‘Table TO311-2 for standby.
‘Table T0311-2 Minimum Mass of Sample required for the Flat and Elongated Particle Test
‘Nominal maximum size of aggregate (mim) 95] 16] 19] 265 | 315] 375] 375] 375
Minimum mass ofthe sample (ke) ofifefs [s | wo] | w
4. Test procedure
4.1 Sought out the regular particle similar to cube by visual measurement, verify elongated piece of the
aggregate sample which may belong to flat and elongated particle in coarse aggregate with gauge device
according to grade specified in table T0311-2 one by one, sought out the particle with length of greater than
corresponding interval on the elongated gauge device, it is the elongated particles thereof.
4.2 Verity the flat particles of sample which does not belong to elongated particles through the
corresponding interval on the elongated gauge device one by one, sought out the particles with thickness of
less than the corresponding hole width on the flat gauge device, itis the flat particles thereof.
4.3 Weigh the sought elongated particles and flat particles by grades, and the total mass is m1
5. Calculation
Flat and elongated particle content of rubble or gravel is calculated by formula (0311-1), accurate to
0.1%
o,="x100 (T0311-1)
My
Flat and elongated particle content in coarse aggregate (%)
‘my Total mass of elongated and flat particles in coarse aggregate (2);
‘my—Total sample mass (2)
Note: if required, elongated particle and flat particle content percentage may be calculated respectively.
T 0312-2005 Flat and Elongated Particle Content Test in Coarse Aggregate
(Vernier Calipers Method)
1. Purpose and scope of application
L.1 This method is applicable to determine the acicular and flaky particle content of coarse aggregate,
6 calculating by percentage.
1.2 The flat and clongated particle in coarse aggregate tested by this method refers to the particles with ratio
between the dimension in minimum thickness (or diameter) direction of coarse aggregate particle tested by
vernier calipers and the dimension in the minimum thickness (or diameter) of greater than 3 times, When
other proportions shall be adopted upon special requirement, it shall be indicated in the test report.
1.3 The flat and elongated particle content in coarse aggregate tested by this method may be used to
evaluate the aggregate shape and resistance to crushing, so as to evaluate the production-level and material
applicability in the engineering of that stone manufacturing plant.
2. Tools and materials
(1) Standard test sieves: mesh diameter is 4.7mm;
(2) Vernier calipers: accuracy is 0.1mm.
(3) Balance: sensibility is no greater than Ig:
3. Test procedure
3.1 Collect coarse aggregate sample according to method specified in T0301 of this test method.
3.2 Select about Ikg sample by distributor method or quartation; for each size coarse aggregate, samples
shall be taken respectively for test in accordance with different nominal grain size.
3.3 Screen the sample with 4.75mm standatd test sieves, take the sample on the sieve for test, weigh the
total sample mass m0, the sample quantity shall be no less than 800g and be no less than 100 granules,
Note: 236mm-4.7Smm course agezals is gsnerally not ested because the clips hard o measure
3.4 Spread the sample on the desk, firstly measure by eyes to sought out the particles similar to cube, the
rest may belong to flaky (flat) and acicular (elongated) particles,
3.5 Place the would-be tested particle on the table according to Figure T0312-1 into a stable state, the
‘maximum length of the particle plane direction in the figure is L, maximum size of the side thickness is t, the
maximum width of particle is w (t
