1.

Create Database using MS Access

1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following equipment

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
MS Access MS Access 2007 or To Create database.
1
Software Later versions
Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install MS Access software.

3. Procedure

Screen shots

1. Open MS Access and Click on New , Then click on the Blank database to create a new
database.

2. Select the location where you want to store the file and give the file name as
Databse2.accdb.

3. Then click on Create button

4. Click on the table.

5. Then click on the Click to add to insert a new field

6. Select the data type of the field

7. Enter data into the fields

8. Click on the File and select Save button to save the table

9. Give the file name as Student

10. Right click on the Student table and Select Design view
11. In the design view you can find the field names and its data type

12. Click Create menu and Select the Table option to create a new table into the database
13. Now a new table appears in the database with name Table1

14. Double Click on it view the fields of the table

15. Click on Create and then click on Query Design , you can find the Update option. Update the
marks=88 where PIN=1.
16.Deleting data from table, where ID=1. Right Click on the Query Design and select the Delete
option.

After deletion , we have only 3 rows

 2. CREATING TABLES with and without constraints
1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following minimum requirements

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
MS-Access 2007 or latest To Implement relationships
1 between tables
Software version
Personal Computer
To install MS-Access 2007 or
with windows 7 or P-IV with 1GB RAM 1 latest software
above

2. Procedure

A. Writing Procedure

1. Start Access by click on the Start button, then the Programs menu, then move to the

Microsoft Office menu and finally click on the Microsoft Access menu item.

2. Create or open an already created Database

3. Create the unique key by Selecting the pinnumber filed from the student table and
set the 'Indexed' value to 'Yes (No Duplicates)'
4. Create primary table emp with primary key is empno field
5. Create secondary table student with branch as field
6. Go to relationship option and apply suitable relationship between above two
tables on branch field/column
7. Open primary table and add records
8. Open secondary table and add records and observe outputs
9. Open primary table and delete records and observe outputs
10. Open secondary table and delete records and observe outputs
11. Open primary table and update records and observe outputs
12. Open secondary table and update records and observe outputs
13. Finally check referential integrity satisfied or not
14. Create the check constraint for marks field in the student table by Specifying the
validation rule = <=100 , Specify the validation text as Validation text = Enter marks
between 0 to 100.
 15.Create the unique key constraint by Specify default value of state in the student
table is given AP.

B. Sample screens

1. UNIQUE KEY

You can create a unique key constraint by setting the field properties of the desired field that
you want to set as the unique key.

1. Right Click on the student table and select design view.

2. Select the pinnumber filed and set the 'Indexed' value to 'Yes (No Duplicates)'.
2. PRIMARY KEY

1. Right Click on the emp table and select design view.

2. Select the field empno and Click on primary key to create the primary key.
3. FOREIGN KEY

1. Click on the Database tools and select the Relationships.

2. Select the two tables emp and student and then Click add.

3. Click on the Design tools and Select Edit Relationships

4. Click on Create new button and below screen will be displayed

5. In the left table name Select the emp table and select the column name branch.

6. In the right table name select the student table and select the column name branch

7. Select the option “Enforce Referential Integrity”

8. Then the relationship between the two tables will be established
4. CHECK CONSTRAINT

1. This constraint helps to validate the values of a column to meet a particular condition

2. Right Click on the student table and select design view.

3. Specify the validation rule = <=100 , Specify the validation text as Validation text = Enter marks
between 0 to 100

5. DEFAULT CONSTRAINT:

1. Right Click on the student table and select design view.

2. Specify default value of state in the student table is given AP
 3. INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE RECORDS
1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following minimum requirements

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
MS-Access 2007 or latest To Insert,delete,Update records
1
Software version
Personal Computer
To install MS-Access 2007 or
with windows 7 or P-IV with 1GB RAM 1 latest software
above

2. Procedure

A. Writing Procedure

1. Start Access by click on the Start button, then the Programs menu, then move to
the

Microsoft Office menu and finally click on the Microsoft Access menu item.

2. Click File menu. Select New option. Enter a new database name under File
name and store it in a particular location. Now click on create button.
3. Right click on table and click on Design view. Enter the following fields ID, sname,
marks, address.
4. Insert the data into the above fields and click on save.
5. Inorder to perform delete operation ,first select that particular record which you
want to delete. Right click on that record and click Delete record. The record will
be deleted.
6. Update the field by changing its value and save it.
B. Sample screens
 4. To Implement queries in MS ACCESS
1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following minimum requirements

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
MS-Access Software 2007 or latest version 1 To Implement queries
Personal Computer
To install MS-Access 2007 or latest
with windows 7 or P-IV with 1GB RAM 1 software
above
2. Procedure

A. Writing Procedure

1. Start Access by click on the Start button, then the Programs menu, then move to the

Microsoft Office menu and finally click on the Microsoft Access menu item.

2. Click File menu. Select New option. Enter a new database name under File
name and store it in a particular location. Now click on create button.
3. Right click on table and click on Design view. Enter the following fields ID,
sname, marks, address.
4. Insert the data into the above fields and click on save.
5. In database window, Click create menu and double click on Query Design.
The Show Table dialog box appear. Here you have to select the table or query
you want to use.
6. Click Student and click Add.
When you have finished adding the tables and/or queries to your new query,
you can close the Show Table dialog box.
7. Click Close.
The Query window appears in Design view, as shown in figure. Notice that the
window is split. The top half contains a box labelled student, which displays all
the fields in the student table. The bottom half of the screen contains a design
grid, which is where you will add the fields you want to appear in your query.
You can add fields to the design grid in two ways:
o By double-clicking the field in the field list.
 o By clicking and dragging the field down to the design grid.
8. Double-click PIN,SNAME,BRANCH,PLACE AND MARKS in the student field
list.Access adds the fields PIN,SNAME,BRANCH,PLACE AND MARKS to the
design grid.Often you will have to use the field list's scroll bar to scroll up or down
the list in order to find a field.
9. Now you need to specify any criteria for the query. You enter the criteria in the
design grid's Criteria row. For this exercise you want to see only the records
whose marks >=85 and Place “KADAPA”. move on to the next step to add this
criteria to the query.
10 .Now in the criteria of Place field enter = ” KADAPA” and in OR operation of
marks field enter >=85.
11.Now right click on query and click on Datasheet view and the output will be
displayed on the screen.

4. Sample screens
 5. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TABLES
1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following minimum requirements

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
2007 or latest To Implement relationships
MS-Access Software 1 between tables
version
Personal Computer
To install MS-Access 2007 or latest
with windows 7 or P-IV with 1GB RAM 1 software
above

2. Procedure

A. Writing Procedure

1. Start Access by click on the Start button, then the Programs menu, then move to the

Microsoft Office menu and finally click on the Microsoft Access menu item.

2. Create or open an already created Database

3. Create primary table student with primary key is PINNO field
4. Create secondary table with PINNO as primary key field
5. Go to relationship option and apply suitable relationship between above two
tables on PINNO field/column
6. Open primary table and add records
7. Open secondary table and add records and observe outputs
8. Open primary table and delete records and observe outputs
9. Open secondary table and delete records and observe outputs
10. Open primary table and update records and observe outputs
11. Open secondary table and update records and observe outputs
12. Finally check referential integrity satisfied or not

Note: 1. Primary and secondary tables may be change based on the different
scenarios.
2. Relationship types may be change based on the different scenarios.
 3. Observations

Input Tables

a)Student

S.NO PINNOPINNO
S.NO
Workingdays
Name Attended days Percentage
DOB

11 22018-CM-001
20010-CM-001 RAMESH
25 20 28-12-2006
80.00

2 22018-CM-002
20010-EC-005 SURESH
22 19 22-05-2007
86.36

b)
3 Attendance
20010-EE-010 20 18 90.00

4 20010-CM-002
PINNO 23
Workingdays 15
Attended days 65.22
Percentage
S.NO

1 22018-CM-001 24 22 91.66
Now perform Delete records in student table and Attendance table
2 22018-CM-002 22 18 81.81
S.NO PINNO Name DOB
Apply Relationship
1 20010-CM-001 AAA 01-12-2016

2 20010-EC-005 BBB 01-05-2020

3 20010-EE-010 CCC 07-03-2018

4 20010-CM-002 GGG 01-09-2021

perform add PINNO

NowS.NO records in studentWorkingdays Attended
table and Attendance table days Percentage

S.NO
1 PINNO
20010-CM-001 25 Name 20 DOB
80.00

12 22018-CM-001
20010-EC-005 RAMESH
22 19 28-12-2006
86.36

23 22018-CM-002
20010-EE-010 SURESH
20 18 22-05-2007
90.00

34 22018-CM-003
20010-CM-002 VEERESH
23 15 08-03-2005
65.22

4 22018-CM-004 DHEERESH 12-04-2004

 PINNO Workingdays Attended days Percentage
S.NO

1 22018-CM-001 24 22 91.66

2 22018-CM-002 22 18 81.81

3 22018-CM-003 20 18 90.00

4 22018-CM-004 23 20 86.95

Now perform Delete records in student table and Attendance table

S.NO PINNO Name DOB

1 22018-CM-001 RAMESH 28-12-2006

2 22018-CM-002 SURESH 22-05-2007

3 22018-CM-003 VEERESH 08-03-2005

4 22018-CM-004 DHEERESH 12-04-2004

Delete

PINNO Workingdays Attended days Percentage

S.NO

1 22018-CM-001 24 22 91.66

2 22018-CM-002 22 18 81.81

3 22018-CM-003 20 18 90.00

4 22018-CM-004 23 20 86.95
Delete

Now perform Update records in student table and Attendance table

S.NO PINNO Name DOB

1 22018-CM-001 RAMESH 28-12-2006

2 22018-CM-002 SURESH 22-05-2007

3 VEERESH 08-03-2005
22018-CM-012 Update

PINNO Workingdays Attended days Percentage

S.NO

1 20010-CM-001 25 20 80.00

2 20010-EC-005 22 19 86.36

3 Update 20 18 90.00
22018-CM-012
 6. Creating visiting card in Adobe PageMaker

1. Description
The setup for this experiment requires the following equipment

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Microsoft publisher Microsoft publisher
or Adobe Page or Adobe Page 1 Creating visiting card
Maker application Maker 2010
Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 Creating Visiting Card

2. Theory

Microsoft Publisher 2007/Adobe PageMaker 7.0 is a desktop publishing program that

can be used to create a variety of publications. Using Publisher, you can easily create

business cards, greeting cards, calendars, newsletters and much, much more.

Features of Adobe PageMaker:

✓ Technical-level effects for texts, shapes, and images.

✓ Capability to use high-quality image backgrounds.
✓ Mail merge tools.
✓ Personalization tools.
✓ Drag-and-drop picture importing and interchanging.
✓ Detailed ruler and guides for correct measurements.
✓ Document-sharing abilities.

.
a. load the data of offset SI into CL register and load value 00 into CH register.
3. Procedure

Opening Adobe PageMaker:

Turn on the computer and log in.

Locate the Adobe PageMaker icon and double-click to open the software.

Creating a New Document:

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "New" and choose "Document."

Specify the document size for the visiting card (standard dimensions are typically 3.5 x 2
inches).

Set the orientation to "Portrait" or "Landscape" as per preference.

Adding Text:

Use the text tool to insert your name, title, and contact information on the card.

Adjust font style, size, and color as needed for a professional look.

Inserting Images or Logo:

Import your company logo or any relevant graphics by selecting "File" > "Place."

Browse and select the image file, then click "Open" to place it on the card.

Resize and position the image as desired.

Formatting and Styling:

Apply formatting options such as bold, italic, underline, or text color to enhance the text.

Adjust the alignment and spacing for a neat layout.

Adding Background or Color:

To give the card a background color, go to "Element" > "Background" and choose a
color or pattern.
Adjust the opacity if needed.

Review and Proofread:

Carefully review the card for any errors or inconsistencies.

Check spelling, contact details, and overall design.

Saving the Project:

Save the visiting card project by clicking on "File" > "Save" or "Save As."

Choose an appropriate location and file name.

4. Sample Procedure Screens:

 7. Creating Invitation Card in Adobe PageMaker

1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following minimum requirements

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Microsoft
Publisher/Adobe
Page Maker. Adobe PageMaker 1 To create Invitation Card

Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install PageMaker

2. Procedure

Opening Adobe PageMaker:

Start the computer and log in.

Locate the Adobe PageMaker icon and double-click to open the software.

Creating a New Document:

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "New" and choose "Document."

Specify the document size for the invitation card (9 X 11 inches).

Set the orientation to "Portrait" or "Landscape" depending on your design.

Designing the Front of the Invitation:

Use the text tool to add event details (Event title, Date, Time, Venue).

Format the text by selecting fonts, sizes, and colors that match the event theme.

Insert images, graphics, or decorative elements as needed.

Designing the Back of the Invitation (Optional):

If you want information on the back of the card (RSVP, Additional details), create a new
page.

Repeat the text and image insertion process for the back.

Formatting and Styling:

Apply formatting options to text (bold, italics, underline) and adjust spacing and
alignment for a polished look.

Adding Background or Color:

To add a background color or pattern, go to "Element" > "Background" and choose a

suitable design.

Adjust the opacity for the background if necessary.

Review and Proofread:

Carefully review the invitation card for errors, typos, or design issues.

Ensure that all event details are accurate.

Saving the Project:

Save the invitation card project by clicking on "File" > "Save" or "Save As."

Choose a location and file name.

3. Sample Procedure with diagrams
 8. Creating HOTEL MENU CARD in Adobe PageMaker

1. Description

The do this exercise requires the following software tools

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Microsoft To create Hotel Menu Card
Publisher/Adobe
Adobe PageMaker
Page Maker. 1
7.0

Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install Adobe PageMaker

2.Procedure:

Open Adobe PageMaker 7.0:

Start your computer and launch Adobe PageMaker 7.0.

Create a New Document :

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "New" and choose "Document."

Specify the document size for your menu card (e.g., 8.5x11 inches) and select the
orientation (portrait or landscape).

Click "OK" to create the new document.

Set Up the Page

Go to the "File" menu, choose "Document Setup," and adjust margins and other
document settings as needed.

Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Design the Front of the Menu Card

Use the text tool to add menu items, descriptions, and prices. Format the text by
selecting fonts, font sizes, colors, and alignments that match your design.

Insert images or decorative elements if desired. Go to "File" > "Place" to insert image
files.

Arrange and position the menu items, descriptions, and images to create an appealing
front design.

Formatting and Styling

Apply formatting options to text, such as bold, italics, or underline, as needed.

Adjust spacing and alignment for a polished look.

Review and Proofread

Carefully review the menu card for errors, typos, or design issues.

Ensure that all menu items, descriptions, and prices are accurate.

Save Your Project

Save the menu card project by clicking on "File" > "Save" or "Save As."

Choose a location and provide a suitable file name.

Print or Export

To print the menu card, ensure your printer settings are correct and select "File" >
"Print."

3. Sample Output Screen:

 8. Creating HOTEL MENU CARD in Adobe PageMaker

1. Description

The do this exercise requires the following software tools

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Microsoft To create Hotel Menu Card
Publisher/Adobe
Adobe PageMaker
Page Maker. 1
7.0

Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install Adobe PageMaker

2.Procedure:

Open Adobe PageMaker 7.0:

Start your computer and launch Adobe PageMaker 7.0.

Create a New Document :

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "New" and choose "Document."

Specify the document size for your menu card (e.g., 8.5x11 inches) and select the
orientation (portrait or landscape).

Click "OK" to create the new document.

Set Up the Page

Go to the "File" menu, choose "Document Setup," and adjust margins and other
document settings as needed.

Click "OK" to apply the changes.

Design the Front of the Menu Card

Use the text tool to add menu items, descriptions, and prices. Format the text by
selecting fonts, font sizes, colors, and alignments that match your design.

Insert images or decorative elements if desired. Go to "File" > "Place" to insert image
files.

Arrange and position the menu items, descriptions, and images to create an appealing
front design.

Formatting and Styling

Apply formatting options to text, such as bold, italics, or underline, as needed.

Adjust spacing and alignment for a polished look.

Review and Proofread

Carefully review the menu card for errors, typos, or design issues.

Ensure that all menu items, descriptions, and prices are accurate.

Save Your Project

Save the menu card project by clicking on "File" > "Save" or "Save As."

Choose a location and provide a suitable file name.

Print or Export

To print the menu card, ensure your printer settings are correct and select "File" >
"Print."

3. Sample Output Screen:

 9.Creating Book cover page in Adobe PageMaker

1. Description

The setup for this experiment requires the following equipment

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Microsoft publisher Microsoft publisher
or Adobe Page or Adobe Page 1 Creating book cover page
Maker application Maker 2010
Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install Microsoft Publisher

Adobe PageMaker is a desktop publishing program that can be used to create

a variety of publications. Using Adobe PageMaker, you can create business cards,

greeting cards, calendars, newsletters and much, much more.

Features of Adobe PageMaker:

✓ Technical-level effects for texts, shapes, and images.

✓ Capability to use high-quality image backgrounds.
✓ Personalization tools.
✓ Drag-and-drop picture importing and interchanging.
✓ Detailed ruler and guides for correct measurements.
✓ Document-sharing abilities

2. Procedure

1. Opening Microsoft Publisher/Adobe Page Maker application.

2. Creating new page, new .pub file.

3. Creating book cover page with font and color scheme.

4. Inserting business information

5. Selecting proper layout

6. Entering the text into Text box and change color with formatting options.

7. Aligning the text

 8. Previewing the Print setup

9. Previewing the publication and paper settings

10. Printing Visiting Card

3. Sample Screens :

FRONT COVER :
 10. Creating Visiting card and Brochure in Telugu using ANU script Manager

1. Description

The setup for this exercise it requires the following equipment

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Adobe PageMaker To design Visiting card and Brochure
WINDOWS 7/10 1 in Telugu
7.0
Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install Pagemaker &Anu script
Anu script Version 7.0 1 To type in Telugu

2. Description of packages or softwares

Adobe PageMaker:

PageMaker makes it easy to produce effective business cards, whether you create your own
design or use one of the Publisher designs. You can use color schemes and font schemes to
select the colors and fonts that reflect your requirement.

ANU Script manager:

Anu Script Manager is a Software Program developed by Anu Graphics Systems in the category
Audio and Multimedia. The company has been involved in the development of high-quality
Indian fonts. Anu Script Ver is available for the Latest Version 7.0.

How To Download Anu Script Manager 7.0?

Step 1: Download Anu Script Manager 7.0 RAR file.

Step 2: Extract and open the RAR file.

Step 3: Right click > View > Select huge icons.

Step 4: Select set-up TTF from extracted files.

Step 5: Right click on properties > compatibility > Run.

Step 6: Click apply and hit ok.

Step 7: Double click on set-up TTF > Yes > Next > Next > Next > Next.
Step 8: Hit Install.

Step 9: Restart desktop.

Step 10: Click on finish.

How To Use Anu Script Manager 7.0?

Once Anu Script Manager 7.0 is downloaded and installed go through the below steps and see
how the software functions.

Step 1: Go to the desktop.

Step 2: Double Click The Anu Script Manager 7.0.

Step 3: Hit Yes.

Step 4: Select the desired language, for instance, Telugu.

Step 5: Select the keyboard Apple.

Step 6: Hit OK.

Step 7: Open MS Word.

Step 8: Go to text font.

Step 9: Select fonts such as Bhavya or Anusha etc.

Step 10: Type your content in Telegu.

ANU Script manager compatibility settings

Step1: Right-click on Anu script manager icon.

Step2: Select “Properties” from the popup.

Step 3: in the property box select “Compatibility” tab then change the settings as given below

Step4: In Compatibility mode, tick the mark in “Run this Program in Compatibility mode for” and
select “Windows XP (Service Pack 3)”
Step5: In Privilege level, tick the mark in “Run this program as an administrator”.Then click OK.

ANU Script Telugu Apple keyboard Layout

3. Procedure for Visiting card and Brochure:

1. Design visiting card and brochure on a paper.

2.Open Anuscript manager.
3.Set Keyboard layout to Apple
4.Set font to Telugu
5.Open Adobe PageMaker 7.0
6.Select a blank sheet and place the objects like draw text and logo as per the
design.
7. Select a Telugu font family as per the requirement
8. Type the content in Telugu in the visiting card and brochure in PageMaker

Sample screens
 11. Creating Invitation in Telugu using ANU script Manager

1. Description

The setup for this exercise it requires the following equipment

Name Specifications/ No Purpose

Range
Adobe PageMaker To design Visiting card and
WINDOWS 7/10 1
7.0 Brochure in Telugu
Personal Computer Windows 7/10 1 To install Pagemaker &Anu script
Anu script Version 7.0 1 To type in Telugu

2. Description of packages or softwares

Adobe PageMaker:

PageMaker makes it easy to produce effective business cards, whether you create your

own design or use one of the Publisher designs. You can use color schemes and font

schemes to select the colors and fonts that reflect your requirement.

ANU Script manager:

Anu Script Manager is a Software Program developed by Anu Graphics Systems in the
category Audio and Multimedia. The company has been involved in the development of
high-quality Indian fonts. Anu Script Ver is available for the Latest Version 7.0.

How To Download Anu Script Manager 7.0?

Step 1: Download Anu Script Manager 7.0 RAR file.

Step 2: Extract and open the RAR file.

Step 3: Right click > View > Select huge icons.

Step 4: Select set-up TTF from extracted files.

Step 5: Right click on properties > compatibility > Run.

Step 6: Click apply and hit ok.

Step 7: Double click on set-up TTF > Yes > Next > Next > Next > Next.

Step 8: Hit Install.

Step 9: Restart desktop.

Step 10: Click on finish.

How To Use Anu Script Manager 7.0?

Once Anu Script Manager 7.0 is downloaded and installed go through the below steps

and see how the software functions.

Step 1: Go to the desktop.

Step 2: Double Click The Anu Script Manager 7.0.

Step 3: Hit Yes.

Step 4: Select the desired language, for instance, Telugu.

Step 5: Select the keyboard Apple.

Step 6: Hit OK.

Step 7: Open MS Word.

Step 8: Go to text font.

Step 9: Select fonts such as Bhavya or Anusha etc.

Step 10: Type your content in Telegu.

ANU Script manager compatibility settings

Step1: Right-click on Anu script manager icon.

Step2: Select “Properties” from the popup.

Step 3: in the property box select “Compatibility” tab then change the settings as given

below

Step4: In Compatibility mode, tick the mark in “Run this Program in Compatibility mode

for” and select “Windows XP (Service Pack 3)”

Step5: In Privilege level, tick the mark in “Run this program as an administrator”.Then
click OK.
ANU Script Telugu Apple keyboard Layout

3. Procedure for creating Invitation Card:

1. Design invitation card on a paper.

2.Open Anuscript manager.

3.Set Keyboard layout to Apple

4.Set font to Telugu

5.Open Adobe PageMaker 7.0
 6.Select a blank sheet and place the objects like draw text and insert pictures as

per the design.

7. Select a Telugu font family as per the requirement

8. Type the content in Telugu in the invitation card in PageMaker

4. Sample Output Screens:

 12. Working with Basic Selections in Adobe Photoshop 7.0

Aim:

To learn and practice basic selection techniques in Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Materials:

Computer with Adobe Photoshop 7.0 installed

Procedure:

Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0:

Start your computer and launch Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Open an Image:

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "Open" and choose an image you want to work with.

Selecting with the Elliptical Marquee Tool:

Select the Elliptical Marquee Tool from the toolbox.

Create an elliptical selection on the image, such as around an object or face.

Practice adjusting the size and position of the selection.

Using the Magic Wand & Free Transform Tool:

Select the Magic Wand Tool from the toolbox.

Click on a portion of the image to select a specific color area.

Use the Free Transform Tool (Edit > Free Transform) to resize, rotate, or move the
selected area.

Selecting with the Regular & Polygonal Lasso Tools:

Select the Regular Lasso Tool from the toolbox.

Draw a freeform selection around an object.

Switch to the Polygonal Lasso Tool and create a polygonal selection around another
object.

Combining Selections:

Use different selection tools to select multiple areas on the image.

Combine these selections into a single selection. (Select > Modify > Expand/Contract)

Using the Magnetic Lasso Tool:

Select the Magnetic Lasso Tool from the toolbox.

Trace along the edge of an object, and the tool will automatically snap to the object's
edge.

Close the selection to complete it.

Using the Quick Selection Tool & Refine Edge:

Select the Quick Selection Tool from the toolbox.

Click and drag over an area you want to select, and the tool will automatically detect the
edges.

Use the Refine Edge option to fine-tune the selection.

Modifying Selections:

Select any of the existing selections you made.

Use modification commands like Add to Selection, Subtract from Selection, Intersect
with Selection, and Feather to refine your selections.

Save and Review:

Save your edited image with selections by clicking on "File" > "Save As."

Examine your selections and practice refining them using different tools and techniques.
 13. Working with Layers in Adobe Photoshop 7.0

Aim:

To learn and practice the basics of working with layers in Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Materials:

Computer with Adobe Photoshop 7.0 installed

Procedure:

Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0:

Start your computer and launch Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Create a New Document:

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "New" and choose "Document."

Specify the document dimensions (e.g., 800x600 pixels) and select a white background.

Understanding the Layers Panel:

Locate and open the Layers panel (usually on the right side of the screen).

Familiarize yourself with the Layers panel and its features.

Create a Background Layer:

By default, a "Background" layer is already present. Rename it to "Background."

Use the Paint Bucket Tool to fill the "Background" layer with a color of your choice.

Create a New Layer:

Click on the "New Layer" button at the bottom of the Layers panel.

Rename the new layer (e.g., "Text Layer").

Add Text:

Select the Text Tool from the toolbox.

Click on your canvas and add some text to the "Text Layer." Experiment with different
fonts, sizes, and colors for the text.

Duplicate the Text Layer:

Right-click on the "Text Layer" and select "Duplicate Layer."

Rename the duplicated layer (e.g., "Text Shadow").

Move the duplicated text slightly to create a shadow effect.

Create Another New Layer:

Click on the "New Layer" button in the Layers panel.

Rename the new layer (e.g., "Shape Layer").

Add Shapes:

Select the Shape Tool (e.g., Rectangle, Ellipse) from the toolbox.

Draw a shape on the "Shape Layer." Adjust the shape's fill color, stroke color, and stroke
size.

Experiment with Layer Order:

Drag and rearrange the layers in the Layers panel to change the stacking order.

Observe how the order affects the composition.

Save Your Project:

Save your layered composition by clicking on "File" > "Save As."

Choose a location and provide a suitable file name. The project will be saved in PSD
format to preserve the layers.
 14. Exercise on Photo Retouching in Adobe Photoshop

Description:

To learn and practice comprehensive photo retouching techniques in Adobe Photoshop

Materials:

Computer with Adobe Photoshop 7.0 installed

A digital image for retouching

Procedure:

Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0:

Start your computer and launch Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Open the Image:

Click on "File" in the top menu.

Select "Open" and choose the image you want to retouch from your computer.

Duplicate the Background Layer:

In the Layers panel, right-click on the background layer and choose "Duplicate Layer."
This allows you to work non-destructively.

Crop and Straighten (Optional):

Use the Crop Tool to adjust the composition and straighten the image if necessary.

Basic Color Correction:

Use the "Image" > "Adjustments" menu to apply basic color corrections such as
Brightness/Contrast, Levels, or Curves to enhance the overall image.

Removing Blemishes and Imperfections:

Use the Healing Brush Tool, Clone Stamp Tool, or Patch Tool from the toolbox.

Zoom in on areas with blemishes, spots, or imperfections.

Use these tools to sample nearby clean areas and retouch the imperfections.

Whitening Teeth:

Use the Lasso Tool to make a selection around the teeth.

Go to "Image" > "Adjustments" > "Hue/Saturation" and adjust the Lightness to whiten
the teeth.

Removing Red-Eye (if applicable):

Select the Red Eye Tool or using brush tool from the toolbox.

Click on the red pupils to remove red-eye effect.

Save Your Edited Image:

Save your edited image by clicking on "File" > "Save As."

Choose a location and provide a suitable file name.

Review Your Retouched Image:

Take a moment to review the retouched image and compare it to the original. Ensure
that the enhancements are subtle and natural.
 15.Exercise on Quick Mask Mode in Adobe Photoshop

Description:

To become familiar with Quick Mask Mode in Adobe Photoshop

Quick Mask Mode in Adobe Photoshop 7.0 is a helpful feature that allows you to create
selections with a brush-like tool.

Materials:

Computer with Adobe Photoshop 7.0 installed

Procedure:

Step 1: Open an Image

Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Open the image you want to work on by going to "File" > "Open."

Step 2: Access Quick Mask Mode 3. To enter Quick Mask Mode, press the "Q" key on
your keyboard. This will activate the mode, and your image will appear with a red
overlay.

Step 3: Select the Brush Tool 4. To create selections, select the Brush Tool from the
toolbar. You can press the "B" key to quickly access it.

Step 4: Paint Your Selection 5. With the Brush Tool selected, use your mouse or
graphics tablet to paint over the areas you want to select. You'll see a red overlay
indicating the selected area.

Step 5: Refine Your Selection 6. If you make a mistake while painting, you can switch
to the Eraser Tool (press "E") and correct the selection.

You can adjust the brush size and hardness in the options bar at the top of the screen to
refine your selection more precisely.

Step 6: Exit Quick Mask Mode 8. Once you've created your selection using the red
overlay, press the "Q" key again. This will exit Quick Mask Mode, and your selection will
be turned into a selection outline (marching ants) on your image.
Step 7: Apply Edits or Filters 9. With your selection active, you can apply various edits
or filters to the selected area, such as adjustments, filters, or retouching.

Step 8: Deselect 10. To deselect the area, press "Ctrl + D" (Windows)
 16.Creating a Simple Shape with the Pen Tool in Photoshop 7.0

Description:

To become familiar with the Pen Tool and practice creating a basic shape.

Materials:

Computer with Adobe Photoshop 7.0 installed

Procedure:

Open Adobe Photoshop 7.0:

Start your computer and open Adobe Photoshop 7.0.

Create a New Document:

Click on "File" > "New" to create a new document.

Set the document dimensions to your preference (e.g., 800x600 pixels) and select a
transparent background.

Select the Pen Tool:

In the toolbox, select the Pen Tool by clicking on its icon.

Creating the Base Shape:

Click on the canvas to create your first anchor point.

Move your cursor to another location and click again to create a second anchor point. A
straight path will connect the two points.

Continue clicking and creating anchor points to form a simple shape (e.g., a triangle,
star, or any basic shape you prefer).

Creating Curved Paths (Optional):

If you want to create a curved path, click and drag the mouse after creating an anchor
point. This will create direction lines, allowing you to create curves.
Closing the Path:

To close the path, click on the first anchor point you created. A complete shape is
formed.

Adjusting Anchor Points:

Select the Direct Selection Tool (white arrow) from the toolbox.

Click on anchor points to move them or adjust the direction lines to change the curve's
shape.

Fill and Stroke (Optional):

In the Layers panel, right-click on your path and choose "Fill Path" to fill your shape with
a color.

You can also add a stroke to the path by selecting "Stroke Path" and choosing a line
style and color.

Save Your Path:

In the Paths panel (usually located alongside the Layers panel), right-click on the path
you created and select "Save Path." This allows you to reuse the path later.

Deselect the Path:

To remove the path from your canvas, select another tool, such as the Move Tool, or
press "Ctrl + D" (Windows) to deselect the path.

Save Your Project:

Save your exercise project by clicking on "File" > "Save As."

Choose a location and provide a suitable file name. The project will be saved in PSD
format.