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Muscular Tissue

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13 views5 pages

Muscular Tissue

Uploaded by

dmods7890
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Muscular Tissue

They are made up of muscle cell.They are elongated and large size,so they
are called as muscle fibre.They contain special protein called contractile
protein.
This protein help in the movement of body or limbs by contraction and
relaxation.They are arranged parallel to each other so that they can work
together.
a)Striated muscle:They are called as striped or skeletal or voluntary.
The entire muscle show alternate dark and light strips and therefore called
stripped muscle.
They are attached to bones and are responsible for body movement,and
therefore called skeletal muscles.
These muscles work according to our will,they are called as voluntary
muscles.
Striated muscles fibres are long or elongated,unbranched,have many
nuclei.Each muscle cell is enclosed in a thin but distinct plasma membrane
called sarcolemma.These muscles are present in
limbs,face,neck,tongue,pharynx,diaphragm.

It help in smooth contraction and movement.

b)Smooth muscle
They occur as a bundle or sheets of spindle shaped cells.They have single
centrally located nucleus in the centre of cytoplasm.
Delicate,contractile thread called myofibrils run longitudinally through the
cell.They are found in walls of alimentary canal,internal organs,ducts of
glands,stomach,bronchi,iris of eyes.

Function
1)They do not work according to our will,so they are called involuntary
muscles.Movement of food in alimentary canal,opening and closing of tubes
are involuntary movement.
2)Help in contraction and relaxation of blood vessels.

c)Cardiac muscle
They are made up of branched,cylindrical and uninucleate cell.
Each cell is surrounded by sarcolemma,has cytoplasm with longitudinal
myofibrils,intercellular spaces are filled with loose connective tissue and
blood capillaries.
They have stripes or light and dark bands.They occur in heart.

Function
1)They contract and relax rapidly,rhythmically and tirelessly throughout life.
2)Relaxation and contraction of these muscles helps to pump and distribute
blood to various body parts.

NERVOUS TISSUE:

Nervous or the nerve tissue is the main tissue of our


nervous system. It monitors and regulates the functions of
the body. Nervous tissue consists of two cells: nerve cells
or neurons and glial cells, which helps transmit nerve
impulses and also provides nutrients to neurons. Brain,
Spinal Cord, and nerves are composed of nervous tissue,
they are specialized for being stimulated to transmit
stimulus from one to another part of the body rapidly.
The nerve tissue or the nervous tissue is the chief tissue
component of the two major parts of the nervous tissue –
Central nervous system(CNS) formed by the spinal cord
and the brain and the branching peripheral nerves of the
peripheral nervous system (PNS) that control and regulate
the functions of the body and their activities.
Structure of nervous tissue:
• It is made of nerve cells or neurons, all of which
consists of an axon. Axons are long stem-like
projections emerging out of the cell, responsible for
communicating with other cells called the Target
cells, thereby passing impulses
• The main part is the cell body which contains the
nucleus, cytoplasm and cell organelles. Extensions of
the cell membrane are referred to as processes.
• Dendrite is a highly branched processes, responsible
for receiving information from other neurons and
synapses (specialized point of contact). Information
of other neurons is provided by dendrites to connect
with its cell body.
• Information in a neuron is unidirectional as it passes
through neurons from dendrites, across the cell body
down the axon.
Characteristics of Nervous tissue:
• Nervous tissue makes up for the CNS and PNS of the
nervous system
• It consists of the dendrites, cell body, axon and nerve
endings.
• Neurons secrete chemical neurotransmitters which
are responsible for stimulating other neurons as a
result of a stimuli
• Presence of specialization at axonal terminals called
synapsis
• Nerve cells live long, cannot be divided and
replaced(except memory cells)

Function of nervous tissue:


• Neurons generate and carry out nerve impulses. They
produce electrical signals that are transmitted across
distances, they do so by secreting chemical
neurotransmitters.
• Responds to stimuli
• Carries out communication and integration
• Provides electrical insulations to nerve cells and
removes debris
• Carries messages from other neurons to the cell body

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