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Chapter 1-4

This document provides definitions and explanations of medical terminology related to anatomy and physiology. It defines terms related to specific body systems and organs like the circulatory, respiratory, and urinary systems. It also defines anatomical locations, directions, and planes of the body. The document is organized into two units, with the first unit defining over 100 medical prefixes, suffixes, and root words, and the second unit defining structures of the human body and its organization from the cellular level up.

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Vy Thach
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
99 views

Chapter 1-4

This document provides definitions and explanations of medical terminology related to anatomy and physiology. It defines terms related to specific body systems and organs like the circulatory, respiratory, and urinary systems. It also defines anatomical locations, directions, and planes of the body. The document is organized into two units, with the first unit defining over 100 medical prefixes, suffixes, and root words, and the second unit defining structures of the human body and its organization from the cellular level up.

Uploaded by

Vy Thach
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 1:

1. Adenitis: inflammation of a gland


2. Adenoma: tumor of a gland
3. Adenopathy: disease condition of the gland (pathy- disease condition)
4. Anemia: condition of low numbers of erythrocytes (red blood cells) or
deficient hemoglobin in these cells. Notice that the root in this term is em, which
is shortened from hem, meaning blood.
 Anemia is a decreased number of erythrocytes or an abnormality of the
hemoglobin (a chemical) within the red blood cells. This results in decreased
delivery of oxygen to cells of the body. Anemic patients look so pale that early
physicians thought they were literally “without blood.”
5. Arthralgia: joint pain (arth: joint, algia: pain)
6. Arthritis: inflammation of joint (ittis- inflammation, arth: joint)
7. Arthroscopy: process of visual examination of a joint
8. Autopsy: This term literally means “process of viewing by oneself.” Hence, an
autopsy is the examination of a dead body with one's own eyes to determine the
cause of death and nature of disease.
9. Biology: process of study living things
10. Biopsy: process of viewing life (removal of living tissue and viewing it under
a microscope); process of viewing living tissue (using a microscope).
 The suffix -opsy means process of viewing. Living tissue is removed from the
body and viewed under a microscope.
11. Carcinogenic: pertaining to producing cancer
12. Carcinoma: tumor that is cancerous (cancerous tumor)
13. Cardiac: pertaining the heart
14. Cardiology: process of study of the heart
15. Cephalic: pertaining to the head
16. Cerebral: pertaining to the cerebrum, or largest part of the brain
17. Cystitis: inflammation of urinary bladder
18. Cystoscopy: process of visually examining the urinary bladder
19. Cystoscopy: process of visually examining the urinary bladder
20. Cytoscope: an instrument used to visually examine the urinary bladder. The
cystocope is inserted into the urethra and urinary bladder.
21. CYtology: process of study of cells
22. Diagnosis: complete knowledge, a decision about the nature of the patien’s
condition after the appropriate testt are done
23. Dermatitis: inflammation of the skin
24. Endocrine glands: glands that secrete hromones within the body. Examples of
these are the pituiary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.
25. Electrocardiogram: record of the elecicity in the heart
26. Electroencephalagram: record of the electricity in the heart
27. Encephaglopathy: Disease condition of the brain
28. Encephalitis: inflammation of the brain
29. Endocrine glands:
30. Endocrinologist: glands specialist
31. Endocrinology: study of glands the secreate hormones
32. Endoscope: Endoscopy is performed with an endoscope. A common
endoscopic procedure is a colonoscopy (colon/o = colon or large intestine).
33. Enteritis: inflammation of the small intestine
34. Epidermis: This outermost layer of skin lies above the middle layer of skin,
known as the dermis.
35. Epigastric: pertaining to above the stomach
36. Erythrocyte: red blood cell
37. Excision: process of cutting out
38. Exocrine glands: secrete chemicals to the outside of the body. Examples are
the sweat, lacrimal or tear- producing, prostate, and salivay glands.
39. Gastrectomy: excision of the stomach (extomy: excision, removal), process of
cutting out of the stomach
40. Gastric: pertaining to the stomach
41. Gastroenterology: study of the stomach and intestines
42. Gastroitis: inflammation of the stomach
43. Gastrotomy: process of cutting into stomach (tomy: process of cutting,
incision)
44. Gynecologist: specialist in female reproductive system
45. Gynecology: study of women and women’s dieases
46. Hematology: study of blood
47. Hematoma: mass of blood
48. Hemoglobin: blood protein (globin: protein); Hemoglobin carries oxygen in
red blood cells.
49. Hepatitis: inflammation of the liver
50. Hepatoma: A hepatoma (hepatocellular carcinoma) is a malignant tumor of
the liver.
51. Hyperglycemia: condiiton of excessive sugar in the blood
52. Hyperthyroidism: overactive thyroid; Thyroid glands produce too much of the
hormone thyroxine (hyper: excessive, above, more than normal; ism: process or
condition; thyroid: thyroid gland)
53. Hypodermic: pertaining to under the skin
54. Hypogastric: (hypo: deficient, below, under, less than normal)
55. Hypoglycemia: condition of deficient (low) sugar in the blood
56. Iatrogenic: pertaining to being produced by treatment
57. Incision: the process of cutting into
58. Leukemia: Literally, this term means “a blood condition of white (blood
cells).” Actually, it is a condition of blood in which cancerous white blood cells
proliferate (increase in number ).
59. Leukocyte: white blood cells
60. Leukocytosis: This condition, a slight increase in normal white blood cells,
occurs as white blood cells multiply to fight an infection. Don't confuse
leukocytosis with leukemia, which is a cancerous (malignant) condition marked
by high levels of abnormal, immature white blood cells.
61. Nephrectomy: removal (excision or resection) of the kidney
62. Nephritis: inflammation of the kidney
63. Nephrosis: abnormal condition of the kidney (osis: condition, usually
abnormal/ slight increase in numbers when used with blood cells)
64. Nephrology: study of kidneys
65. Neural: pertaining to the nerves
66. Neuralgia: pain of nerves, nerve pain
67. Neurologic: pertaining to the study of nerves(log/o: study of)
68. Neurology: study of nerves
69. Oncologist: specialist in tumors (cancerous)
70. Oncology: study of tumors (cancerous)
71. Ophthalmologist: specialist in the eyes
72. Ophthalmology: study of the eyes
73. Ophthalmoscope: instrument to visually examine the eye
74. Opthmolscopy: process of visual examination of the eye
75. Osteitis: inflammation of bone
76. Osteoarthritis: inflammation of bone and joint
77. Osteogenic sarcoma: a malignant (cancerous) tumor originating in bone,
which is considered a fleshy (connective) tissue of the body
78. Osteotomy: incision of (process of cutting into) a bone
79. Pathogenic: pertaining to diseases (path/o: diasease)
80. Pathologist: A pathologist examines biopsy samples microscopically and
examines dead bodies to determine the cause of death.
81. Pathology: study of disease
82. Pediatric: treatment of children
83. Pericardium: the membrance surrounding the heart
84. Prognosis: before knowledge, a prediciton about the outcome of treatment,
given after the diagnosis
85. Prostate gland: This exocrine gland “stands” (- state) before or in frone of the
male urinary bladder. It produces semen, which contains fluid and sperm cells.
86. Psychosis: abnormal condition of the mind
87. Psychiatrist: specialist in the mind
88. Psychiatry: treatment of the mind
89. Psychology: process of study the mind
90. Radiology: study of x- rays in diagnostic imaging
91. Renal: pertaining to the kidney
92. Resection: process of cutting back (in the sense of “cutting out” or removal)
93. Retrocardiac: pertaining to behind the heart
94. Rhinitis: inflammation of the nose
95. Sacroma: tumor of flesh tissue (cancerous tumor found in connective tissue
such as bone, fat and muscle)
96. Subhepatic: pertaining to below the liver. A combining vowel is not needed
between the prefix and the root
97. Thrombocyte: clotting cell (platelet)
98. Transhepatic: pertaining to across or through the liver
99. Urology: study of the urinary tract
Urologist: specialist in the urinary tract
UNIT 2:
STRUCTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE BODY:
 Cell: anabolism, catabolism, cell membrane, chromosomes, cytoplasm, DNA,
ER, genes, karyotype, metabolism, mitochondria, nucleus
 Human: digestive, urinary or excretory, respiratory, reproductive, endocrine,
nervous, circulatory, musculoskeletal
 Body cavities: cranial, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, spinal
ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONS AND QUADRANTS
 Regions: Right/ left hypochondriac region, epigastric, right/ left lumbar,
umbilical, right/ left inguinal, hypogastric, inguinal
 Quadrants: Right/ left upper/ lower quadrant
DIVISIONS OF THE BACK (SPINAL COLUMN): Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral,
coccygeal
PORITIONAL AND DIRECTIONAL TERMS: Anterior (ventral), posterior (dorsal), deep,
superficial, proximal, distal, inferior, superior, medial, lateral, supine, prone
PLANES OF THE BODY: Frontal (coronal) plane, sagittal (lateral) plane, transverse (axial)
plane
1. Abdomen: space below chest containing liver, stomach, gallbladder, and
intestines
2. Abdominal cavity: cavity below the chest containing the stomach, liver and
gallbladder
3. Adipose tissue: collection of fat cells
4. Anabolism: the process of building up proteins in a cell
5. Anterior (ventral): Front side of the body. Example: The forehead is on the
anterior (ventral) side of the body.
6. Cartilage: flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints
7. Catabolism: complex nutrients are broken down to similar substances and
energy is released
8. Cell membrane: structure that surrounds and protects the cell
9. Cephalic: pertaining to the head
10. Cervical: region of the neck; pertaining to the neck of the body or the cervix of
the uterus
11. Chondroma: tumor of cartilage
12. Chondrosarcoma: flesh tumor of the cartilage
13. Chromosome: rod- shaped structures in the cell nucleus, containing regions of
DNA
14. Coccygeal: region of the tailbone; The coccyx (tailbone) is a small bone
composed of four fused pieces.
15. Coccyx: tailbone
16. Cranial cavity: cavity surrounded by the skull
17. Craniotomy: incision of the skull
18. Cytoplasm: material of the cell located outside the nucleus and yet enclosed by
the cell membrane
19. Deep: Away from the surface. Example: The stab wound penetrated deep
into the abdomen.
20. Diaphragm: muscle separating the abdominal and thoracic cavity
21. Disc: pad of cartilage between vertebrae
22. Distal: pertaining to far from the beginning of a structure
23. Dorsal: (posterior)Back side of the body. Example: The back of the head is
posterior (dorsal) to the face.
24. DNA: chemical found within each chromosome
25. Endoplasmic reticulum: network of canals within the cytoplasm; the site of
protein synthesis
26. Epidermic: pertaining to skin (surface) cells
27. Epigastric region: area above the stomach
28. Epinephrine: substance secreted by the adrenal glands
29. Epithelial tissue: skin cells that cover the outside of the body and line internal
organs
30. Frontal (coronal) plane: Vertical plane dividing the body or structure into
anterior and posterior portions. A common chest x-ray view is a PA
(posteroanterior—viewed from back to front) view, which is in the frontal
(coronal) plane.
31. Genes: regions of DNA within each chromosome
32. Genes chromosomes: rod- shaped structures in the nucleus that contain
regions
33. Histology: process of study tissues
34. Histologist: a scientist who studies tissues
35. Hypochondriac regions: upper region below the rib cartilage
36. Hypogastric region: area below the umbilicus
37. Iliac:
38. Inferior: below another structure. E.g: The feet are at the inferior part of the
body. They are inferior to the knees
39. Inguinal regions: areas near the groin
40. Intervertebral: Pertaining to between the vertebrae (backbones)
(inter- between)
41. Intervertebral disc: pad of cartilage between 2 adjourning cavities
42. Intravenous: pertaining to within a vein
43. Karyotype: a picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell
44. Laryngitis: inflammation of the larynx (voice box)
45. Larynx: voice box
46. Lateral: pertaining to the side. E.g: When in the anatomic position (palms of
the hands facing ourward), the thumb is lateral
47. Lumbar regions: region of the waist
48. Lumbar spine:
49. Lumbosacral: Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions of the back.
49. (lumb/ o: lower back)
50. Medial: Pertaining to the middle, or nearer the medial plane of the body.
Example: When in the anatomic position (palms of the hands facing outward), the
fifth (lile) finger is medial.
51. Mediastinum: space between the lungs
52. Metabolism: the total of the chemical process in a cell
53. Mitochondria: small sausage- shaped structures that are the principal source of
energy for the cell; sausage- shaped cellular structures in which catabolism takes
place
54. Nucleic: pertaining to the nucleus
55. Nucleus: control center of the cell, containing chromosomes; directs the
activities of the cell
56. Pelvic cavity: cavity surrounded by the hip bones
57. Peritoneum: membrane surrounding the abdominal organs
58. Pharyngeal: pertaining to the pharynx (throat)
59. Pharynx: throat
60. Pituitary gland: endocrine organ located at the base of the brain
61. Pleura: Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung
62. Pleural cavity: space between pleural layers
63. Prone: Lying on the belly. Example: The backbones are examined with the
patient in a prone position. A patient lies on his/her stomach in the prone
position.
64. Proximal: Near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning
of a structure. Example: The proximal end of the thigh bone (femur) joins with
the hip socket.
65. Sacral: region of the sacrum (S1 to S5)
66. Sacrum
67. Sagittal plane: vertical plane dividing the body into right and left sides
68. Sarcoma: tumor of flesh tissue (maglignant)
69. Spinal cavity: cavity surrounded by the bones of the back
70. Spincal column: bony tissue surrounding the spinal cord
71. Spinal cord: nervous tissue within the spinal cavity
72. Superficial: on the surface. E.g: Superficial veins can be viewed through the
skin
73. Superior: on the surface of the body
74. Supine: Lying on the back. Example: The patient lies supine during an
examination of the abdomen and, in females, during a pelvic (gynecologic)
exam.
75. Thoracic: region of the chest; pertaining to the chest
76. Thoracic cavity: cavity in the chest surrounded by the ribs
77. Thoracotomy: incision of the chest
78. Thyroid gland: endocrine gland surrounding the windpipe in the neck
79. Trachea: pertaining to the windpipe
80. Tracheal: pertaining to the windpipe
81. Transverse (axial) plane: Horizontal (cross-sectional) plane running across
the body parallel to the ground. This cross-sectional plane divides the body or
structure into upper and lower portions. A CT (computed tomography) scan is one
of a series of x-ray pictures taken in the transverse (axial or cross-sectional)
plane.
82. Umbilical region: area of the navel
83. Ureter: tube from the kidney to the urinary bladder
84. Urethra: tube leading form the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
85. Uterus: womb
86. Ventral: pertaining to the belly side of the body
87. Vertebra: The spinal column is composed of a series of bones that extend from
the neck to the tailbone. Each bone is a vertebra (plural: vertebrae).
88. Vertebrea: plural of vertebra(e)
89. Vertebral: pertaining to the bertebra(e), backbone(s)
90. Viscera: the medical term for internal organs
91. Visceral: pertaining to internal organs
UNIT 3:
1. Abdominocentesis: surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen
2. Achondroplasia: condition of improper formation of cartilage in the embryo
that leads to short bones and dwarfism
3. Acromegaly: enlargement of extremities; an endocrine disorder that causes
excess growth hormone to be produced by the pituitary gland after puberty
4. Acrophobia: fear of heights
5. Acute: Acute is the opposite of chronic. It describes a disease that is of rapid
onset and has severe symptoms and brief duration.
- Characterized by severe symptoms and a short course of illness.
6. Adenoids: The adenoids are small masses of lymphatic tissue in the part of
the pharynx (throat) near the nose and nasal passages. The literal meaning,
“resembling glands,” is appropriate because they are neither endocrine nor
exocrine glands

7. Adipose: pertaining to fat


8. Agoraphobia: fear of open spaces and being away from home alone ( agora
means market place
9. Amniocentesis: surgical procedure to remove fluid from the sac around a
fetus
5. Anemia: condition of low numbers of erythrocytes (red blood cells) or
deficient hemoglobin in these cells. Notice that the root in this term is em, which
is shortened from hem, meaning blood.
- Anemia is a decreased number of erythrocytes or an abnormality of the
hemoglobin (a chemical) within the red blood cells. This results in decreased
11. Angiogenesis
12. Angiography: process of recording (x- ray) blood vessels
13. Arteriole: a small artery
14. Arthroscopy: visual examination of joints
15. Arteriosclerosis: hardening of arteries
16. Arthralgia: pain of joint
17. Atrophy: no development; shrinkage of cells
18. Axillary: pertaining to the armpit (under arm)
19. Basophil: granulocytic white blood cell that increase during the healing phase
of inflammation
20. Biopsy: view of living tissue under a microscope
21. Blepharoptosis
22. Bronchitis: inflammation of the tubes leading from the windpipe to the lungs
23. Blephraisits: inflammation o the eyelid
24. Carcinogenesis: process of producing cancer
25. Carcinogenic
26. CArdiac: pertaining to the heart
27. Cardiomyopathy: disease condition of heart muscle
28. Chemotherapy: treatment using drugs
29. Chondromalacia: softening of cartilage
30. Chronic: pertaining to the time ( over a long period of time) >< acute
31. Colostomy: opening ò the lager intestine to the outside of the body
32. Cystocele: hernia of the urinary bladder
33. Electrocephalograph
34. Electroencephalogram
35. Electroencephalography
36. Eosinophil: leukocyte with reddish- staining granules and numbers elevated in
allergic reactions
37. Erythrocyte: red blood cell
38. Erythropenia: Deficiency of red blood cells

39. Esophagus: tube leading from the throat to stomach


40. Inguinal: pertaining to the groin
41. Ischemia: to hold back blood from cells
42. Hematoma
43. Hemolysis
44. Hemostasis: stoppage of the flow of blood (by mechanical or natural means)
45. Hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver
46. Hydronephrosis: abnormal condition of water (fluid) in the kidney
47. Hydrotherapy: treatment using water
48. Hypertrophy: excessive development of cells (increase in size of individual
cells)
49. Inguinal
50. Ischemia
51. Laparoscope: instrument to visually examine the abdomen
52. Laparoscopy: process of viewing (visual examination) the peritoneal
(abdominal) cavity
53. Laparotomy: incision of the abdomen
54. Laryngeal: pertaining to the voice box
55. Laryngectomy
56. Leukemia
57. Leukocyte
58. Leukocytosis
59. Lymphocyte: mononuclear white blood cell that destroys foreign cells by
making antibodies
60. Mammogram: record (x- ray film) of the breast
61. Mammoplasty: surgical repair of the breast
62. Mastectomy: removal of the breast
63. Metastasis: beyond control; spread of a cancerous tumor to another organ
64. Monocyte: mononuclear white blood cell that engulfs and digests cellular
debris; contains one large nucleus
65. Morphology: study of the shape ( f cells)
66. Mucous membrane
67. Mucus: pertaining to the mucous
68. Myalgia: pain of muscle
69. Myelitis: inflammation of the spinal cord
70. Myeloma: tumor of bone marrow
71. Myoma: tumor (benign) of muscle
72. Myocardial
73. Myosarcoma: flesh tumor (malignant) of muscle
74. Necropsy
75. Necrosis: condition of death (of cells)
76. Necrotic: pertaining to death
77. Nephrologist
78. Nephropathy: disease condition for the kidney
79. Neuralgia
80. Neutropenia
81. Neutrophil: granulocytic white blood cell (granules stain purple) that destroys
foreign cells by engulfing and digesting them; also called a polymorphonuclear
leukocyte
82. Ophthalmology: study of the eye
83. Opioid: the substance derived from opium
84. Osteogenic
85. Osteomalacia: softening of bone
86. Otalgia
87. Paracentesis
88. Pathogenesis
89. Pathologic
90. Pericardium: membrane surrounding the heart
91. Peritoneal: pertaining to the peritoneum (membrane around the abdominal
organs)
92. Phlebotomy: incision of a vein
93. Platelet
94. Pleural: pertaining to the membranes surrounding the lungs
95. Pleurodynia: pain of the chest wall; and the membrane surrounding the lungs
96. Pneumonia: condition of the lungs
97. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
98. Ptosis
99. Pulmonary
100. Radiographer
101. Radiotherapy: treatment using x- rays
102. Rectocele
103. Rhinorrhea: discharge from the nose
104. Rhinoplasty: surgical repair of the nose
105. Spleenomegarly: enlargement of the spleen
106. Staphylococci: berry- shaped bacteria in clusters
107. Streptococcus: berry- shaped bacteria in twisted chains
108. Thoracentesis: surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest
109. Thrombocyte: clotting cell; also called a platelet
110. Thrombocytopenia
111. Thrombophlebitis
112. Tonsillar
113. Tonsillitis: inflammation of the tonsils
114. Tracheostomy: new opening of the windpipe to the outside of the body
115. Tracheotomy
116. Venule: a small vein
UNIT 4:
1. Abductor
2. Abnormal
3. Adductor: muscle that carries the limb toward the body
4. Adrenal glands: glands that are located near (above) each kidney
5. Anabolism: process of building up proteins in cells by putting together small
pieces of proteins called amino acids
6. Analysis: to separate
7. Anoxia: condition of no oxygen in tissues
8. Ante cibum (a.c.)
9. Anteflexion: bending forward
10. Antepartum: before birth
11. Antibiotic: chemical substance, such as erythromycin (-mycin= mold), made
from molds and used against bacterial life
12. Antibody: protein made by lymphocytes in response to the presence in the
blood of a specific antigen
13. Antigen: a foreign agent (virus or bacterium) that causes production of
antibodies
14. Antisepsis: against infection
15. Antitoxin: an antibody that acts against poisons that enter the body
16. Apnea: absence of breathing
17. Autoimmune disease: disorder in which the body’s own leukocytes makes
antibodies that damage its own good tissue
18. Benign
19. Bifurcation: branching into tqo
20. Bilateral: pertaining to two (both) side
21. Bradycardia: slow heartbeat
22. Catabolism: process of burning for (breaking it down) and releasing the
energy stored in the food
23. Congenital anomaly: irregularity present at birth
24. Connective tissue
25. Contraindication: reason that a doctor would advise against taking a specific
medication
26. Contralateral: pertaining to the opposite side
27. Dehydration: lack of water
28. Dialysis: separation of wastes from the blood by using a machine that does the
job of the kidney
29. Diameter
30. Diarrhea: watery discharge of wastes from the colon
31. Dusentery
32. Dysplasia: condition of abnormal formation (of cells)
33. Dyspnea: painful breathing
34. Dystrophy: a group of congenital disorders involving abnormal development
of muscle mass and strength is muscular dystrophy
35. Ectopic pregnancy: pregnancy that is out of place (outside the uterus)
36. Endocardium: structure (membrane) that forms the inner lining of the heart
37. Endoscope: instrument to visually examine within the body
38. Endotracheal: pertaining to within the windpipe
39. Epithelium: surface or skin tissue of the body
40. Euphoria: good (exaggerated) feeling (of well-being)
41. Euthyroid: normal thyroid function
42. Exophthalmos: outward bulging of the eyeballs
43. Hemiglossectomy: removal of half of the tongue
44. Hyperglycemia: blood condition of excessive amount of sugar
45. Hyperplasia: condition of excessive formation (number of cells)
46. Hypertension
47. Hypertrophy: increase in development (size of cells)
48. Hypodermic injection
49. Hypoglycemia: blood condition of less than normal sugar
50. Incision: a cut into an organ or tisssue
51. Infracostal: pertaining to below the ribs
52. Insomniac: inability to sleep
53. Intercostal: pertaining to between the ribs
54. Intravenous: pertaining to with a vein
55. Macrocephaly: condition (congenital anomaly) of large head
56. Malaise: vague feeling of bodily discomfort
57. Malignant: harmful, cancerous
58. Metacarpal bones: hand bones (beyond the wrist)
59. Metamorphosis: condition of change ins shape or form
60. Metastasis: spread of a cancerous tumor to a secondary organ or tissue
61. Microcephaly: decrease development of a infant’s head and brain
62. Microscope: instrument used to view small objects
63. Neonatal: pertaining to new birth
64. Neoplasm: new growth or tumor
65. Pancytopenia: deficiency of all (blood) cells
66. Paralysis: loss of movement in muscles
67. Parathyroid glands: four endocrine glands that are located near (behne)
another endocrine gland in the neck
68. Percutaneous: pertaining to through the skin
69. Pericardium: membrane surrounding the heart
70. Polymorphonuclear
71. Polyneuritis: inflammation of many nerves
72. Postmortem: after death
73. Postpartum
74. Precancerous
75. Prenatal
76. Prodrome: symptoms that come before the actual illness
77. Prolapse: sliding, sagging downward or forward
78. Prosthesis: artificial limb or part of the body (literally to put or place forward)
79. Recombinant DNA: technique of transferring genetic material from one
organism into another
80. Relapse: return of a disease or its symptoms
81. Remission: symptoms lessen and a patient feels better
82. Retroflexion: bending backward
83. Retroperitoneal: pertaining to behind the peritoneum
84. Subcutaneous: pertaining to below the skin
85. Suprapubic: above the pubic bone
86. Symbiosis
87. Symmetry
88. Symphysis
89. Symptom: subjective change of condition as observed by a patient
90. Syndactyly: congenital anomaly in which fingers or toes are webbed (formed
together)
91. Syndrome: group of signs and symptoms that occur together and indicate a
particular disorder;
 Group of objective findings that characterize an abnormal condition
92. Synthesis
93. Tachypnea: rapid, fast breathing
94. Transfusion
95. Transurethral: pertaining to the urethra
96. Ultrasonography: process of using sound waves to create an image of organs
and structures in the body
97. Unilateral: pertaining to one side

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