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Duality in Electric Circuits

This document discusses the principle of duality in electric circuits. It explains that two circuits are dual if their mesh equations are identical to each other's node equations. The key dual pairs are listed, such as voltage/current, series/parallel, resistance/conductance. To form the dual network, nodes are placed in loops and vice versa, and elements like sources are transformed between the original and dual circuits while maintaining the same mathematical relationships. Two examples are provided to demonstrate the graphical process of drawing dual networks.

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Mugdha Udawant
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95 views3 pages

Duality in Electric Circuits

This document discusses the principle of duality in electric circuits. It explains that two circuits are dual if their mesh equations are identical to each other's node equations. The key dual pairs are listed, such as voltage/current, series/parallel, resistance/conductance. To form the dual network, nodes are placed in loops and vice versa, and elements like sources are transformed between the original and dual circuits while maintaining the same mathematical relationships. Two examples are provided to demonstrate the graphical process of drawing dual networks.

Uploaded by

Mugdha Udawant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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7/14/2020 Duality In Electric Circuits

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Post a comment

Duality In Electric Circuits


By Syeda Amna Ahmed - August 18, 2018

It is interesting to know how systems relate to one another. How a


mechanical system can be modelled as an electrical system and
observed. The concept of duality in electrical circuits is of great
importance. Two phenomena are said to be dual if they can be expressed
by same form of mathematical equations. This topic is usually covered
under the network topology or graph theory.

Key Questions:
What is principle of duality in electric circuits?
List of dual pairs and their explanation
Formation of dual networks

Principle of Duality:
Principle of duality in context of electrical networks states that
A dual of a relationship is one in which current and voltage are
interchangeable
Two networks are dual to each other if one has mesh equation
numerically identical to others node equation

List of Dual Pairs:


For evaluating a dual network, you should follow these points
1. The number of meshes in a network is equal to number of nodes in
its dual network
2. The impedance of a branch common to two meshes must be equal
to admittance between two nodes in the dual network
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7/14/2020 Duality In Electric Circuits
3. Voltage source common to both loops must be replaced by a current
source between two nodes
4. Open switch in a network is replaced by a closed switch in its dual
network or vice versa

Elements Dual
Elements

1 Voltage (v) Current (i)


v = iR i = vG

2 Short Circuit Open Circuit

3 Series Parallel

4 Norton Thevenin

5 Resistance Conductance
(R) (G)

6 Impedance Admittance

7 KVL KCL

8 Capacitance Inductance

Formation of Dual Networks:


The principle of duality is applicable to planar circuits only. Carefully read
the points stated below, follow each step and draw the dual circuit

1. Place a dot within each loop, these dots will become nodes of the
dual network
2. Place a dot outside of the network, this dot will be the ground/datum
node of the dual network
3. Carefully draw lines between nodes such that each line cuts only
one element
4. If an element exclusively present in a loop, then connect the dual
element in between node and ground/datum node
5. If an element is common in between two loops, then dual element is
placed in between two nodes
6. Branch containing active source, consider as a separate branch
7. Now to determine polarity of voltage source and direction of current
sources, consider voltage source producing clockwise current in a
loop. Its dual current source will have a current direction from
ground to non-reference node

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7/14/2020 Duality In Electric Circuits

Example#01:

Graphical method of drawing dual network

Example#02:

Reference:
1. Fundamentals of Electric Circuits by Alexander
2. Circuit Theory by A.V. Bakshi and U.A. Bakshi

https://basicelectronicsguide.blogspot.com/2018/08/duality.html 4/8

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