QB Uv Ans
QB Uv Ans
DEPARTMENT OF EEE
QUESTION BANK
EC3301 ELECTRON DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
UNIT I
PART A
2. An a.c voltage of peak value 20 V is connected in series with a silicon diode and load resistance of
500 Ω. If the forward resistance of diode is 10 Ω find the peak current through the diode.
(Nov/Dec 2018)
VF = VPB + (If )peak [rf + RL]
(If )peak = 𝑉𝐹−𝑉𝑃𝐵 𝑟𝑓+𝑅𝐿 = 20−0.7 10+500 = 37.8 mA
4. What is the ripple factor of half wave rectifier? (April/May 2019 R-13)
The ratio of r.m.s. value of a.c. component to the d.c. component in the rectifier output is
known as ripple factor i.e.
Ripple factor = (r.m.s. value of a.c component / value of d.c. component) = Iac / Idc
5. Define the term transition capacitance of Diode. (April/May 2019 R-13)
A capacitance excising at the P-N junction when the diode is reverse biased, where two
regions act as the plates while the depletion region acts as dielectric is called a transition
capacitance of a diode.
6. Determine the dynamic resistance of a PN diode at 300 K with ɳ= 1 and I= 26 mA. (Nov/Dec 2018
R-13)
VT= (kT)
K= Boltzmann’sconstant= 8.62*10-5 eV/oK
VT= 300*8.62*10-5=26mV
Dynamic Resistance(r)= (ɳ VT/ (Ioe V/ ɳ VT))
8. What is diffusion capacitance of PN junction? (April/May 2018 R-13) (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
During forward bias condition, the width of the depletion region decreases and holes from p
side get diffused in n side while electrons from n side move in to p side. As the applied voltage
increases concentration of injected charge particles increases. This rate of change of the injected
charge with applied voltage is defined as a capacitance called diffusion capacitance
10. Find the current I in the following circuit. Assume the diodes to be silicon and forward resistance
of diode to be zero. (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
The conditions of the problem suggest that diode D1 is forward biased and diode D2 is reverse
biased. We can, therefore, consider the branch containing diode D2 as open. Further, diode D1 can
be replaced by its simplified equivalent circuit.
11. Determine the peak output voltage of a half wave rectifier, if the diode has V F = 0.7V and the
ac input is 22V. (April/May 2019)
PART B
1. Outline the charge carrier diffusion phenomenon across a PN junction. Explain the effect of
forward and reverse biasing on the depletion region. (13) (April/May 2019)
2. Explain the principle and operation of Light Emitting Diode (LED) with necessary expressions for
current densities and efficiency of light generation. (13) (April/May 2019)
3. (i) Explain the working of Zener diode as voltage regulator. (7) (Nov/Dec 2018)
(ii) For the following circuit, find the maximum and minimum values of Zener diode current. (6)
UNIT II
PART A
1. FET has lower thermal noise than BJT – Justify. (April/May 2019)
The FET has a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity. In FET, as temperature increases
its drain resistance also increases, reducing the drain current. Thus, unlike BJT, thermal run away
does not occur with FET.
3. State any two differences between JFET and BJT. (Nov/Dec 2018)
Compare JFET and BJT. (April/May 2018 R-13)
S.No BJT JFET
1 Current controlled device Voltage controlled device
Current flows due to both majority
2 Current flows only due to both majority
and minority carriers and hence
carriers and hence unipolar device
bipolar device
3 Type- npn and pnp Type- n- channel and p- channel
4 Configurations- CB, CE,CC Configurations- CS, CD,CG
4. When VGS of a JFET changes from -3.1 V to -3 V, the drain current changed from 1 mA to 1.3
mA. Find the value of transconductance. (Nov/Dec 2018)
Transconductance (gm)=(ΔID/ ΔVGS) = 0.1/0.3=0.33
5. In a CB connection α=0.9,lE =l0mA. Compute IB (April/May 2019 R-13) (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
β= (α/1- α)= (0.9/1-0.9)=9
IC= α*IE=0.9*10mA=9mA
IB= IE - IC= 10mA-9mA =1mA
6. Calculate the intrinsic standoff ratio of an UJT with R B1 = 5kΩ and D R BB = 10kΩ. (Nov/Dec 2018
R-13)
Intrinsic standoff ratio(ɳ)= (RB1/ RBB)= (5/10) = 0.5
7. List the advantages of FET over BJT. (April/May 2019 R-13) (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
Input resistance is high compare to BJT
Size is smaller compare to BJT
More thermal stability compare to BJT
Thermal noise is low compare to BJT
PART B
1. (i) Brief about the operation of an N channel depletion type MOSFET with a neat diagram. (5)
(ii) Enumerate the characteristics of N channel depletion MOSFET with suitable graphs. (8)
(April/May 2019)
2. Outline the structure of a SCR and explain its operation. Also illustrate its V- I characteristics. (13)
(April/May 2019) (April/May 2018 R-13)
3. A germanium transistor is to be operated at zero signal I C = 1 mA. If the collector supply voltage
VCC = 12 V, what is the value of R B in the base resistor method? Assume β = 100. If another transistor
of same batch with β = 50 is used, what will be new value of zero signal I C for same RB? Comment on
the results. (Nov/Dec 2018)
4.(i) Discuss the characteristics of UJT. (7)
(ii) The intrinsic stand-off ratio for a UJT is 0.6. If the inter base resistance is 10 kΩ, what are the
value of RB1and RB2? (4)
(iii) State two applications of UJT. (2) (Nov/Dec 2018)
5. (i) Explain the field effect transistor action and different regions in which a FET operates. (7)
(ii) Explain the construction and Emitter Characteristics of UJT. (6) (April/May 2019 R-13)
6. With neat diagram, explain the structure and characteristics of Thyristors and IGBT. (April/May
2019 R-13)
7. Explain the structure and operation of an N channel depletion type MOSFET with relevant
characteristics. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
8. With a basic structure of an N channel IGBT; explain its characteristics with a simple equivalent
circuit. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
9. With neat diagram explain the working of enhancement MOSFET and depletion MOSFET with its
necessary characteristics curve. (13) (April/May 2018 R-13)
UNIT III
PART A
1. An NPN common emitter amplifier circuit has the following parameters. h fe = 50, hie = lkΩ and Rc
= 3.3kΩ . Find the voltage gain of the amplifier. (April/May 2019)
2. State the need for coupling capacitor in a transistor amplifier. (April/May 2019)
The input coupling capacitor couples the signal to the base of the transistor. It blocks any
DC component present in the signal and passes only AC signal for amplification.
The output coupling capacitor couples the output of the amplifier to the load.
6. Write the expression for amplification factor of JFET. (April/May 2019 R-13)
Amplification factor (µ) is the ratio of change in drain source voltage (VDS) to the change in
gate source voltage (VGS) at constant drain current i.e.,
Amplification factor, µ = ∆VDS / ∆VGS at constant ID.
7. For a CB transistor amplifier driven by a voltage source of internal resistance RS = 1.2kΩ, the load
resistance RL = 1kΩ. The h parameters, hfe=0.98 and hoe = 0.5. Calculate the current gain.
(Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
PART B
1. (i) Draw the circuit of a CE amplifier with DC sources eliminated and deduce the small signal
model for amplifier operation. (8) (April/May 2019)
(ii) Illustrate the steps involved in analyzing a BJT amplifier circuit using small signal model. (5)
2. (i) Explain the high frequency MOSFET model under CS configuration and its simplified
equivalent circuit. (5)
(ii) Derive an expression for MOSFET unity gain frequency (fT) (8) (April/May 2019)
3. For the circuit shown below, find (i) dc bias levels (ii) dc voltages across the capacitors (iii) ac
emitter resistance (iv) voltage gain and (v) state of the transistor. (Nov/Dec 2018)
4. Explain the working of a n-channel depletion MOSFET. Discuss its transfer characteristics.
(Nov/Dec 2018)
5. Draw and explain BJT Small signal model. Compare the performance of CE, CB and CC amplifier.
(April/May 2019 R-13)
6. Explain the working of MOSFET amplifier and discuss the gain and frequency response
characteristics. (April/May 2019 R-13)
or
6. Explain the small signal model of a MOSFET under CS arrangement. Also discuss about its
frequency response. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
7. From the two port model of a BJT amplifier in CE configuration, derive the expressions for input
impedance, current gain, voltage gain and output admittance. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
or
7. Draw the h-parameter model of CE amplifier and derive its voltage gain, current gain, input
impedance and output impedance.
8. Explain the mid band analysis of single stage CE, CB and CC amplifiers (April/May 2018 R-13)
UNIT IV
PART A
1. Determine the input impedance of a differential amplifier (emitter coupled) with R B = 3.9kΩ and
ZB =2.4kΩ. (April/May 2019)
2. A single tuned amplifier provides a bandwidth of 10 kHz at a frequency of 1MHz. Find the circuit
Q. (April/May 2019)
fr= 1MHz, BW= 10 kHz
Q=( fr / BW)= (1MHz/ 10 kHz) = 100
3. A multistage amplifier employs five stages each of which has a power gain of 30. What is the total
gain of the amplifier in db? (Nov/Dec 2018) (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
Total gain of the amplifier in db= Number of stages* 20 log10 30
= 5* 20 log10 30= 5* 1.47 = 7.385 dB
4. Define differential mode signals of a differential amplifier. (Nov/Dec 2018)
An amplifier which amplifies the difference between two input voltage signal is called
differential amplifier
The gain with which differential amplifier amplifies the difference between two input signal is
called differential gain (AD) of the differential amplifier
The gain with which it amplifies the common mode signal to produce outputl is called common
mode gain (AC) of the differential amplifier
5. What are the various coupling schemes used in Cascade Amplifier? (April/May 2019 R-13)
RC coupling
Transformer coupling
Direct coupling
7. For a differential amplifier, CMRR = 10 4 and differential gain Ad=106. Find the common mode
gain. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
CMRR= Ad / Ac
Ac = Ad / CMRR= 106 / 104=100
8. What is cross over distortion? (April/May 2018 R-13)
Crossover distortion is a type of distortion which is caused by switching between
devices driving a load, most often when the devices (such as a transistor) are matched.
Crossover Distortion produces a zero voltage “flat spot” or “dead band” on the output
wave shape as it crosses over from one half of the waveform to the other.
PART B
1. (i) With a neat circuit, outline the operation of a basic BJT differential pair configuration, under
common mode input signal. (8)
(ii) Deduce expressions for Emitter currents in a differential amplifier under large signal operation.
(5) (April/May 2019)
2. Illustrate the behavior of a MOSFET based amplifier circuit with tuned load. Also deduce
expressions for voltage gain at centre frequency, Q and bandwidth. (13) (April/May 2019)
3. (i) A parallel resonant circuit has a capacitor of 250 pF in one branch and inductance of 1.2 mH
and a resistance of 10Ω in the parallel branch. Find (1) resonant frequency (2) impedance of the
circuit at resonance (3) Q-factor of the circuit. (6) (Nov/Dec 2018)
(ii) Draw the frequency response of an ideal and a practical tuned amplifier and discuss their
characteristics (7) (Nov/Dec 2018)
4.(i) Compare voltage and power, amplifiers. (6) (Nov/Dec 2018)
(ii) Explain the working of a single ended input differential amplifier. (7) (Nov/Dec 2018)
5. With neat circuit, explain Common mode and Differential mode analysis of Differential amplifier.
(April/May 2019 R-13)
6. What is power amplifier? Discuss types of power amplifier and mention its applications.
(April/May 2019 R-13)
7. (i) Illustrate the operation of symmetrical emitter coupled differential amplifier with a neat circuit
diagram. (8)
(ii) Deduce the expression for common mode and differential mode (5) (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
8. (i) Explain the operation of a class B power amplifier with relevant diagrams. (8)
(ii) Brief about cross over distortion in power amplifiers. (5) (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
9. i) Explain briefly about working of BJT emitter coupled differential amplifier.
ii) What is CMRR? Derive expression for common mode and differential mode gain of differential
amplifier. (April/May 2018 R-13)
10. What is neutralization? Explain any 2methods of neutralization techniques with necessary circuit
diagram. (April/May 2018 R-13)
UNIT V
PART A
1. What is the condition required for satisfactory operation of a negative feedback amplifier?
(April/May 2019)
May lead to instability if not designed carefully.
Amplifier gain decreases.
Input and output impedances of a negative-feedback amplifier (closed-loop amplifier)
become sensitive to the gain of an amplifier without feedback (open-loop amplifier)-that
exposes these impedances to variations in the open-loop gain, for example, due to
parameter variations or nonlinearity of the open-loop gain.
Changes the composition of the distortion (increasing audibility) if insufficiently applied.
2. An oscillator operating at 1 MHz has a stability of 1 in 10 4. What will be the minimum value of
frequency generated? (April/May 2019)
3. The overall gain of a multistage amplifier is 140. When negative voltage feedback is applied the
gain is reduced to 17.5. Find the fraction of the output that is feedback to the input. (Nov/Dec
2018)
4. In a phase shift oscillator, R 1= R2 = R3 = 1MΩ and C1= C2= C3 = 68 pF. At what frequency does
the circuit oscillate? (Nov/Dec 2018)
5. In a negative feedback, A=100,β=0.04 and V S=50mV, Compute gain with feedback and feedback
factor. (April/May 2019 R-13)
(a) Gain with feedback Af = A/(1+A)= 100/(1+100x0.04)=20
(b) Output Voltage Vo = A x Vs =100x50x10-3 =5V.
(c) Feedback factor (β) = 0.04
6. State the conditions for oscillation. (April/May 2019 R-13)
To start the oscillation with the constant amplitude, positive feedback is not the only sufficient
condition. Oscillator circuit must satisfy the following two conditions known
as Barkhausen conditions:
1. The first condition is that the magnitude of the loop gain (Aβ) must be unity. This
means the product of gain of amplifier 'A' and the gain of feedback network 'β' has to be
unity.
2. The second condition is that the phase shift around the loop must be 360° or 0°. This
means, the phase shift through the amplifier and feedback network has to be 360° or 0°.
7. An amplifier has a mid band gain of 125 and has a bandwidth of 250 kHz. Find the bandwidth if a
4% negative feedback is introduced. Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
AV=125, BW=250 kHz and β=0.04
i) Avf= AV/(1+ β AV) =20.83
ii) BWf= BW*(1+ β AV) = 1.5MHz
8. A crystal has the following parameters, L=0.5 H, C 1=CS= 0.06pF, Ch= 1pF and R = 5 kΩ. Find the
series resonant frequency of the crystal. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
9. Which type of feedback circuit increases gain of amplifier? (April/May 2018 R-13)
Negative feedback reduces the gain of the amplifier. However, the advantages
of negative feed- back are: reduction in distortion, stability in gain, increased bandwidth and
improved input and output impedances. It is due to these advantages that negative feedback is
frequently employed in amplifiers.
10. Write the expression for frequency of oscillation of RC phase shift oscillator. (April/May 2018 R-
13)
11. If an amplifier has a current gain of 240 and input impedance of 15kΩ without feedback. If the
negative current feedback (current attenation=0.015) is applied, what will be the impedance of the
amplifier. (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
12. What are the essential blocks of a transistor oscillator? (Nov/Dec 2017 R-13)
Transistor oscillators consist of three basic parts:
An amplifier. This will usually be a voltage amplifier and may be biased in class A, B or C.
A wave shaping network. This consists of passive components such as filter circuits that are
responsible for the shape and frequency of the wave produced.
A POSITIVE feedback path.
PART B
1. With proper mathematical derivations, Prove that bandwidth increases and output resistance
reduces in a negative feedback amplifier. Assume a series shunt feedback scheme. (April/May 2019)
2. Outline the principle of LC tuned oscillators. With a neat circuit diagram deduce the necessary
condition for oscillation and expression for oscillation frequency in the case of Colpitt's oscillator.
(13) (April/May 2019)
3. (i) A 1 mH inductor is available. Find the capacitor values of a colpitt’s oscillator so that f = l MHz
and feedback fraction = 0.25. (5) (Nov/Dec 2018)
(ii) Explain the working of phase shift oscillator. (8) (Nov/Dec 2018)
4.(i) An amplifier in required with a voltage gain of 100 which does not vary by more that l%. If it is
to use negative feedback with a basic amplifier the voltage gain of which can vary by 20%, find the
minimum voltage gain required and the feedback factor. (6) (Nov/Dec 2018)
(ii) Discuss the advantages of negative feedback in amplifiers. (7) (Nov/Dec 2018)
5. What are the advantages of negative feedback? Explain voltage series and shunt feedback
techniques. (April/May 2019 R-13)
6. Draw and explain RC Phase shift oscillator Circuit. Derive the frequency of oscillations.
(April/May 2019 R-13)
7. Enumerate the characteristics of voltage series feedback amplifier with an example. (Nov/Dec
2018 R-13)
8. Discuss the principle and operation of a Colpitt’s oscillator with a circuit. Also deduce an
expression for frequency of oscillation. (Nov/Dec 2018 R-13)
9. Explain the construction and working of Hartely oscillator and derive the expression for frequency
of oscillation. (April/May 2018 R-13)
10. Explain the construction and working of colpitt’s oscillator and derive the expression for
frequency of oscillation. (April/May 2018 R-13)
PART C
1. An electronic load requires a constant 6.8 V DC for operation. However the supply voltage
available is 10 V ± l V. The load resistance is 2 KΩ. Design a simple shunt circuit with appropriate
components to maintain the load voltage of 6.8V. Choose a proper device and justify your choice,
by indicating its characteristics The circuit diagram for the entire operation should also be
provided. (April/May 2019)
2. Provide a circuit that can amplify AM Radio signals at 800 KHz. A signal occupies a bandwidth of
10 kHz and should be provided a gain of 100. Justify the choice of the circuit and explain the
operation of the circuit. (April/May 2019)
3. Find the Q point of the transistor shown below. Also draw the d.c load line. Give β = 100 and V EE=
0.7 V. (Nov/Dec 2018)