ioe Changes in Mineral if Components and Texture of Rocks (Metamorphism) ‘This part of the module contains topics about metamorphism. Students must describe changes in mineral component and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature by doing the different activities included in this part of the module. Likewise, concept about the metamorphism is available for the students’ reference in doing each activity incorporated in the procedure. &) What’s In Metamorphism is the change that takes place within a body of rock as a result of it being subjected to conditions that are different from those in which it is formed. It is from the Greck word “meta” means change and “morphe” means form. ‘METAMORPHIC ROCK is formed at the surface of the Earth through the process of metamorphism with recrystallization of minerals in rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature conditions. — A. Contact Metamorphism B. Regional Metamorphism Main Factors Heat and Reactive Fluids Pressure ‘The table below shows the scheme of metamorphic rock identification. It includes key points on how to classify rocks depending on its type, texture, and grain size. Specific rock samples are also presented with their map symbol. Likewise, compositions of metamorphic rock are also situated parallel to the type of metamorphism.‘The table below shows the scheme of metamorphic rock identification. It includes ‘key points on how to classify rocks depending on its type, texture, and grain size. Specific rock samples are also presented with their map symbol. Likewise, compositions of metamorphic rock are also situated parallel to the type of metamorphism. Table 1. Scheme of Metamorphic Rock Identification 8 5 [cnansne] —Conposmion —[WEOF mETAMORRUSM] COMMENTS ROCK WANE towgraée metamorphism o| shale Fogional sie Pe foiatlonsuraces shay fom mizasopiemia ysl Tay te RTE (Westanaressure| | fommethanorphsmofelay} schist Inceasewithdepth or feldspars Wh grade metamephim temomia cangedto fed, mgregatdty net type to bands Vatourrcts changedby Varia cea Het heat om nary smagmafava Metanorphionofocls FINE TO id ‘sandstone COMRSE | calc and/or | pegionaorcontact | Metamerphsm oflinestone daonite oc dolostone ‘Various Minerale in Pebbles maybe diterted or pate and matrix testehed ite FOUATED IMINERALALIGNVENT ine To meo1UM, ‘GARNET GUAR AWPHIBOLE cot 10 CONSE feynoxene coun‘The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids. The heat perhaps is the most important factors because it provides the energy to drive the chemical changes which results in the recrystallization of minerals. The heat increases as the depth increases. Pressure just like heat, also increases with depth, and the buried rocks are subjected to the force or stress. Heat and pressure cause physical changes to buried rocks. Chemically active fluids enhanced the metamorphic process. Usually, the common fluid which helps the chemical activity is water containing ions in solution. As the rocks buried deeply, the water is forced out of the rock and becomes available to aid in chemical reactions. ‘The third family of rock is the metamorphic rock formed from either igneous rock or sedimentary rocks that have been changed due to tremendous heat and pressure. ‘Metamorphism does not actually melt the rocks but transforms them into denser, more compact rocks. Mineral may also be rearranged due to chemical reactions involving fluids that enter rocks ‘Metamorphic Rocks are used for variety of purposes. Slate is used commercially for your classroom blackboards and for pool tabletops. Marble is used in the construction of building floors, bathroom walls, and counter parts (Pavico and Faraon, 2007, 224-225). Extreme heat and pressure change the original state of an existing rock. They also change chemical composition and physical structure of existing rocks. Combinations of minerals in rocks are stable only over specific ranges of pressure and temperature. At pressure and temperature not within the ranges, the minerals form different combinations call mineral assemblages (Kasten 2012, 290-291).