What Is A Contactor - Types, Working and Applications
What Is A Contactor - Types, Working and Applications
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Table of Contents
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Micro Switch
Construction of- Contactor
Greetech Switch OPEN
Working of Contactor
stomized Subminiature Sealed Micro Switch Manufacturers & Suppliers &
Types of Contactors
reetech-switch.com
Knife Blade Switch
Manual Contactor (Double Break Contactor)
Magnetic Contactor
Application of Contactors
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Magnetic Contactor
Construction of Contactor
A contactor has three main parts;
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Coil or Electromagnet
Encloser or Frame
Contacts
Coil or Electromagnet
A very small amount of current will flow through the spring from the supply
or external control circuit to excite the core of the electromagnet. For AC
applications, the electromagnetic core is made up of laminated soft iron to
reduce the eddy current. For DC applications, there is no issue of eddy
current, the core is made up of solid steel.
Encloser or Frame
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
contacts and provide protection from the dust, oil, weather, and other
explosion hazards. It avoids direct touching of contact when it is powered.
Contacts
This is the only component from which the entire load current will flow.
Hence, it is a very important component of the contactor. The contacts
are classified as power contact, auxiliary contact, and contact spring.
There are two types of power contact; stationary contact and movable
contact.
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The material used for the contacts has stable arc resistance and high
welding resistance. These materials must withstand mechanical stress,
erosion, and arc. The resistance of this material is as low as possible
because the full load current will pass through the contacts. For the low
current application, these contacts are made up of silver cadmium oxide
and silver nickel and for high current application and DC current, it is
made up of silver tin oxide.
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Working of Contactor
An electromagnetic field produced when the electromagnetic coil is
energized. As we have seen in the construction, the moving contact of the
contactor is connected with the armature (metallic rod) of an
electromagnet.
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Once the coil is de-energized, the electromagnetic force is zero and the
armature pulls back due to the force of spring. And return in the normal
condition (OFF position). The contactors are designed for the rapid ON-
OFF operation.
The contactors are selected base on load current and voltage, the control
range of voltage, and application based on utilization category. If you
want to check the connection of contacts are open or close, you can
check it with the help of ohm-meter. Connect the ohmmeter between the
input and output contacts, if the meter shows infinite reading the contacts
are open and if the meter shows zero reading the contacts are closed.
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Small DC
Gearboxes
Kinmore Motor
Types of Contactors
Knife Blade Switch
This is the oldest type of contactor that used ON and OFF electric motors.
It consists of a metal strip with a lever. The lever is used to pull-up and
pull-down metal strips. This is a manual contactor. And it is very difficult to
fast turn ON and OFF manually. There is also a chance to wear out the
contacts.
The full load current will pass through the contacts and hence for large
motor, the full load current is very high. In this condition, there is a
problem of arc production between the contacts and it is difficult to
quench the arc. The second problem is the power loss. As the current is
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
very high, a large amount of power will drain by the contacts. And the
third problem is safety. Therefore, this type of contactor needs
improvement. The life of this contactor is very short as there is a chance
of corrosion of contacts due to moisture. Due to the problems and risks of
the operation, this contactor is rarely used.
It allows you to work with more current in a smaller space. The double
break contacts divide the connection and create two sets of contacts. As
the name suggests, it cannot control by the remote or wireless, it must
operate by manual control. So, the operator turn-on and off manually.
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Small DC Moto
Kinmore Motor
Magnetic Contactor
The design of this type of contactor is most advanced among all other
types of contactors. This is an electromagnetic type contactor and it can
operate automatically. It requires a small amount of control circuit to turn
on and off the load. Therefore, the operation of this contactor is safe
compared to manual contactor. This is the most used contactor in
industrial applications. It operates electromechanically and hence; it
requires a very small amount of current to make a connection between
the load and power supply.
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
The contactor is used for high voltage switching applications and the
relay is used for low voltage switching applications. Generally, if the
load current is more than 15A, the contactors are used and if the
load current is less then 15A, the relay is used.
The size of the contactor is large compared to the size of the relay.
The maintenance of contactor is easy while in most of the
conditions, the relay cannot repair.
In most cases, the contactors are connected in normally open
contacts and the relays are connected as normally closed contacts.
The switching time of the contactor is slow compared to the relay.
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5/12/23, 9:30 AM What is a Contactor ? Types, Working and Applications
Application of Contactors
The contactor is used in the following applications.
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