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Solid-State 01

This document discusses the properties of solids and different types of solids. It describes how solids have closely packed particles that are not able to move randomly and have a definite shape and volume. It distinguishes between two main types of solids: crystalline solids, which have a regular atomic arrangement, and amorphous solids, which lack a regular structure. The document provides examples of each type and compares their properties such as melting point, heat of fusion, compressibility, and isotropy.

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javeed akthaar s
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6 views

Solid-State 01

This document discusses the properties of solids and different types of solids. It describes how solids have closely packed particles that are not able to move randomly and have a definite shape and volume. It distinguishes between two main types of solids: crystalline solids, which have a regular atomic arrangement, and amorphous solids, which lack a regular structure. The document provides examples of each type and compares their properties such as melting point, heat of fusion, compressibility, and isotropy.

Uploaded by

javeed akthaar s
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solid State

1. SOLIDS
Solids are characterised by the state of matter in which particles are closely packed and held together by strong
inter molecular attractive force.
1.1 Properties of solids
(a)In solid state the particles are not able to move randomly.
(b)They have definite shape and volume.
(c)Solids have high density ..
(d)Solids have high and sharp melting point which is depend on the strength or value of binding energy.
(f)They are very low compressible.
(g)They show very slow diffusion.
1.2 Types of Solids Solids

Crystalline Solids Amorphous Solids


1. 2.1 Crystalline solids
(a) In this type of solids the atoms or molecule are arranged in a regular pattern in the three dimensional
network.
(b) They havewell defined geometrical pattern, sharp melting point, definite heat of fusion and anisotropic
nature.
(c) Anisotropic means they exhibit different physical properties in all directions. eg. The electrical and
thermal conductivities are different in different directions.
(d) They are generally incompressible.
(e) The general examples of crystalline solids are as Quartz, diamond etc. 1.2.2 Amorphous Solids
(a) In this type of solids, the arrangement of-building constituents is not regular.
(b) They are regarded as super cooled liquids with high viscosity in which the force of attraction holding the
molecules together are so great, that the material becomes rigid but there is no regularity in structure.
(c) They do not have sharp melting points.
(d) They are isotropic as they exhibit same physical properties in all the directions.
(e) The general examples of this solids are as glass, Rubber, plastics etc.

1.3 Difference between crystalline and amorphous solids

S.No Property Crystalline solids Amorphus solids


1 Shape They have definite and regular geo- They do not have definite and regular
metrical torm. geometrical torm.
2 Melting point They have definite melting point. They do not have definite melting point.

3 Heat of fusion They have a definite heat of fusion. They do not have definite heat of fusion

4 Compressibility They are rigid and incompressible. These may be compressed to any
appreciable extent.
5 Cutting with a They are given cleavage i.e. they They are given irregular cleavage i.e.
Sharp edged break into two pieces with plane they break into two pieces with
tool surfaces. irregular surface.

\--- ---5,.,,,,,.

Time
Times __,..

6 Isotropy and They are anisotropic. They are isotropic.


Anisotropy

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