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Reviewer P.E. 1 Midterm

There are two categories of physical fitness: health-related and skill-related. Health-related fitness includes body composition, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Skill-related fitness involves components like agility, balance, coordination, power, speed, and reaction time that relate to enhanced sports performance. Physical fitness tests measure components of both health-related and skill-related fitness. Increasing physical fitness provides several health benefits such as increased energy, improved ability to handle stress, stronger muscles and bones, better cardiovascular health, and improved appearance.

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32 views

Reviewer P.E. 1 Midterm

There are two categories of physical fitness: health-related and skill-related. Health-related fitness includes body composition, cardiovascular fitness, flexibility, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Skill-related fitness involves components like agility, balance, coordination, power, speed, and reaction time that relate to enhanced sports performance. Physical fitness tests measure components of both health-related and skill-related fitness. Increasing physical fitness provides several health benefits such as increased energy, improved ability to handle stress, stronger muscles and bones, better cardiovascular health, and improved appearance.

Uploaded by

Habibi Yetemtima
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CATEGORIES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

A. HEALTH RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS


Involves the components of physical fitness that relate to good
health, the components commonly include body composition,
cardiovascular fitness ,flexibility ,muscular strength and endurance.

1. Body Composition: pertains to the relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone


and other vital parts of the body. Ideal percentage for men is between 12 –
16% and for women 15- 20%. People with a high % of body fat are more
likely to be ill resulting to a higher death rate among them.
2. Cardio Vascular Fitness: relates to the ability of the circulatory and
respiratory systems to supply oxygen during sustained physical activity.
Cardiovascular fitness refers to cardio vascular endurance, aerobic fitness
and cardio respiratory fitness.
Field test: mile run, 12 minute run, 1 mile walk, treadmill test
3. Flexibility: refers to the range of motion available at a joint, the quality of
plasticity, body flexibility is achieved through stretching specific segments
of the body.
1. Flexion – bending a body segment
2. Extension – straightening a body segment
3. Abduction – moving a limb away from the body
4. Adduction – moving a limb toward the body
5. Muscular Strength: refers to the ability of the muscle to exert force against
a resistance, the capacity to sustain the application of force without
yielding or breaking.
6. Muscular Endurance: refers to the muscle ability to continue to perform
without fatigue, is the ability to sustain long continued contractions where
a number of muscle group are used.
B. SKILL-RELATED FITNESS
Involves the components of physical fitness that relate to enhanced
performance in sports and motor skills, it includes agility, balance,
coordination, power, speed and reaction time.

The components of fitness included in fitness tests but are not


directly related to improved health are designated as skills-related
physical fitness components. Possession of skills related fitness
abilities enhance ability to keep good health. It is assumed that
people who possess such skills will be more likely to engage in
regular activity. For this reason they will have enhanced health
related fitness and a lower risk of hypo kinetic diseases and
condition. Skills related fitness are assessed with performance
measures, components such as reaction time and speed are
considered to be more related to heredity then healthy lifestyles
especially in children.

1. Agility: pertains to the ability to rapidly change position of the entire body
in space with speed and accuracy, the ability to change direction or position
with quickness and lightness of movement.
2. Balance: the ability to control organic equipment neuro-muscularly pertains
to the maintenance of equilibrium while stationary or moving.
3. Coordination: is a skill-related component of physical fitness that refers to
the ability to use the senses as sight and hearing, together with other body
parts in performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately, like eye and hand
coordination while catching the ball
4. Power: is a skill-related component of physical fitness that refers to the rate
at which one can perform work. Power is considered to be a combination of
strength and speed. It is also defined as the ability to exert muscle force
quickly. For this reason, Power is combination of skill and health-related
physical fitness.
5. Speed: a skill-related component of physical fitness that refers to the ability
to perform a movement within a short period of time. There are many
types of speed such as running speed, swimming speed and speed of hand
or foot movement to name but a few.
6. Reaction time: is a skill-related component of physical that refers to the
time elapsed between stimulation and beginning to the reaction to it. An
example of reaction time is moving one foot from the accelerator to the
brake pedal when reacting to as stimulating.

PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST BATTERY COMPONENT BEING TESTED


1. Standing long jump leg strength and power
2. Curls-up abdominal strength and
endurance
3. 100 m sprint speed
4. Pull-ups arm stretch & endurance
5. Shuttle run agility
6. Sit & Reach trance flexibility
7. 1000m run cardio-respiratory
endurance

HEALTH BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS


Young and adults can avoid the lack of physical activity which may be
considered a major cause of health problems.

John Abdo identified the benefits fitness

1. Increasing fitness improves energy. It is necessary to inform the students


that when they adopt a more physically active lifestyle, gradually, they will
begin to feel better, and their body will tend to burn fat faster and they will
lose weight. This increased energy transfer allows the person to more
productive at work and at home. However, others may disagree because in
the beginning of an exercise program, they usually experience soreness and
tiredness. Thus, they almost want to discontinue the fitness program.

2. Increasing fitness helps a person think better even when stressed. Use the
following information to explain this complex process, when we stressed,
our heart beats faster, we start to sweat band breathe harder. If our body is
not used to those changes, we tend to have a hard time thinking and
handling the pressure. Those who are physically active experience the same
changes in their body. During active play or mental work, the person may
experience increase heart rate or irregular breathing. When a person is fit,
he is more likely to engage in more physical activities which may result to
bodily changes which are favorable to improve one’s health and to cope up
with stress. A physical fit body and healthy state of mind will assure work
performance.

3. Increasing fitness improves body muscle and bones. Strong muscles and
bones are necessary to improve performance and decrease chances of
injury especially to those whose work requires physical exertion.

4. Increasing fitness improves the heart and lungs. If your heart and lungs are
accustomed to physical activities. You can actively and confidently go up a
flight of stairs, walk more than a mile or lift a few heavy boxes.

5. Increasing fitness improves your looks. As mentioned previously, improving


your fitness may lead one to drop a few inches around the waist and look
healthier. This may give a person more confident to continue engaging in
exercise. People who are obese tend to feel uncomfortable when exercising
and lose their motivation. Remember, every little bit helps.

Movement is any change in the position of the body in space.

TWO TYPES OF BODY MOVEMENTS

6. Axial Movements – are movements done by a part or several parts of body


in stationary place.
7. Bend or Flex – to move the body or a part of the body around a wide axis
8. Lift/Rise – to elevate a part of the body to a desired level
9. Stretch, Extend, and Straighten – to lengthen a part of the body
10. Twist – to move a body around a long axis
11. Circle – to move a body around a point
12. Swing – to move continuously from one point to the other
13. Turn, Rotate – to change directions to move around an axis

Locomotor Movements – are movements that bring the performer from


one place to another
14. Walk – is a series of steps in all directions
15. Run – is to walk with longer strides with a push-off by the foot suspends the
body momentarily in the air
16. Hop – is to spring one foot and to land on the same foot
17. Skip – is to step and hop with the same foot in one count
18. Leap – is to spring on one both feet and to land on the other foot
19. Jump – is to spring on both feet and to land on one or both feet
20. Slide – is to glide the foot right and left along a smooth surface

DIRECTION OF MOVEMENTS

There are different movements done in several direction

21. Forward

22. Backward

23. Sideward

24. Upward

25. Downward

26. Diagonal or Oblique

27. Clockwise

28. Counter clockwise

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