More about Trigonometry (II)

續三角 (二)

Exercises(練習)

1. The area of △PQR is 120 cm2. If PQ = 20 cm and QR = 17 cm, find the

possible values of Q correct to 1 decimal place.
在圖中，△PQR 的面積是 120 cm2。若 PQ = 20 cm 及 QR = 17 cm，求 Q 的
可能值，準確至一位小數。

Area of △ PQR  1  QP  QR  sin Q

2
1
120   20  17  sin Q
2
sin Q  0.7059
Q  44.90 or 180  44.90
 44.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.) or 135.1 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

2. Find the area of △PQR correct to 1 decimal place.

求 △PQR 的面積，準確至一位小數。

1 
Area of △PQR    8.5  6  sin 83  cm 2
 2 

 25.3 cm 2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

3. The figure shows a sector OAB with centre O. If OC = 5 cm , CA = 1 cm and

AOB = 55°, find the area of the shaded region correct to 3 significant figures.
圖中所示為一個以 O 為圓心的扇形 OAB。若 OC = 5 cm，CA = 1 cm 及
AOB = 55°，求陰影區域的面積，準確至三位有效數字。
Area of the shaded region
= area of sector OAB – area of △OBC

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 55 1 
=    62    5  6  sin 55  cm2
 360 2 

= 4.99 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

4. Find the values of x in the following triangles.

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
求下列各三角形中 x 的值，準確至三位有效數字。

(a) (b)

(a) By the sine formula,

AB BC

sin C sin A
6 cm x cm

sin 34 sin110
6 sin110
x
sin 34
 10.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) A  B  C  180 ( sum of △)

20  30  C  180
C  130

By the sine formula,

AB BC

sin C sin A
x cm 8 cm

sin130 sin 20
8 sin130
x
sin 20
 17.9 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

5. Find the values of B in △ABC for the following conditions.

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
求下列各 △ABC 中 B 的值。
(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。)

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Question Bank

(a) A = 138°, a = 4 cm, b = 7 cm

(b) A = 138°, a = 9 cm, b = 7 cm
(a) By the sine formula,
a b

sin A sin B
4 cm 7 cm

sin138 sin B
7 sin138
sin B 
4
 1.17 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∵ sin B  1 for all values of B.

∴ There are no solutions for B.

(b) By the sine formula,

a b

sin A sin B
9 cm 7 cm

sin138 sin B
7 sin138
sin B 
9
 0.5204

∴ B  31.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.) or 149 (rejected)

6. Solve the triangle as shown in the figure.

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
解圖中的三角形。
(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。)
A  B  C  180 ( sum of △)
52  68  C  180
C  60

By the sine formula,

a AB

sin A sin C
a 12 cm

sin 52 sin 60
12 sin 52
a cm
sin 60
 10.9 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
b AB

sin B sin C
b 12 cm

sin 68 sin 60
12 sin 68
b cm
sin 60
 12.8 cm (cor. to 3. sig.fig.)

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7. Find the values of B in △ABC for the following conditions.

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
求下列各 △ABC 中 B 的值。
(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。)
(a) A = 45°, a = 6 cm, b = 10 cm
(b) A = 45°, a = 5 2 cm, b = 10 cm
(c) A = 45°, a = 8 cm, b = 10 cm
(d) A = 45°, a = 12 cm, b = 10 cm
(a) By the sine formula,
a b

sin A sin B
6 cm 10 cm

sin 45 sin B
10 sin 45
sin B 
6
 1.18 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∵ sin B  1 for all values of B.

∴ There are no solutions for B.

(b) By the sine formula,

a b

sin A sin B
5 2 cm 10 cm

sin 45 sin B
10 sin 45
sin B 
5 2
1
B  90

(c) By the sine formula,

a b

sin A sin B
8 10 cm

sin 45 sin B
10 sin 45
sin B 
8
 0.8839
∴ B  62.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.) or 118 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(d) By the sine formula,

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Question Bank

a b

sin A sin B
12 cm 10 cm

sin 45 sin B
10 sin 45
sin B 
12
 0.5893

∴ B  36.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.) or 144 (rejected)

8. In △ABC, b = 18 cm, c = 12 cm and A = 100°. Find a correct to 3

significant figures.
在 △ABC 中，b = 18 cm，c = 12 cm 及 A = 100°。求 a 的值，
準確至三位有效數字。
By the cosine formula,
a 2  b 2  c 2  2bc cos A

∴ a  182  122  2(18)(12)cos100 cm

 23.3 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

9. In △ABC, a = 18 cm, b = 13 cm and C = 146°. Solve the triangle.

(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place.)
在 △ABC 中，a = 18 cm，b = 13 cm 及 C = 146°。解 △ABC，
答案須準確至一位小數。
By the cosine formula,
c 2  a 2  b 2  2ab cos C
c  182  132  2(18)(13) cos146 cm
 29.7 cm (cor. to 1 d.p.)

a 2  c2  b2
cos B 
2ac
182  29.6812  132

2(18)(29.681)
B  14.2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

A  180  146  14.179

 19.8 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

10. In △ABC, a = 10 cm, b = 15 cm and c = 9 cm. Find A correct to

the nearest degree.
在 △ABC 中，a = 10 cm，b = 15 cm 及 c = 9 cm。求 A 的值，
準確至最接近的度。
By the cosine formula,

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b2  c2  a 2
cos A 
2bc
15  92  102
2

2(15)(9)
 0.7630

∴ A  40 (cor. to the nearest degree)

11. In △ABC, a = 72 cm, b = 59 cm and c = 86 cm. Solve the triangle.

(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place.)
在 △ABC 中，a = 72 cm，b = 59 cm 及 c = 86 cm。解 △ABC，答案須準確至一位小數。
Method 1 (Applying the cosine formula only)
By the cosine formula,
b2  c2  a 2
cos A 
2bc
59  862  722
2

2(59)(86)
 0.5610
∴ A  55.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

a2  c2  b2
cos B 
2ac
722  862  592

2(72)(86)
 0.7347
∴ B  42.7 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

∴ C  180  A  B
 180  55.875  42.715
 81.4 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

Method 2 (Applying both the cosine formula and the sine formula)
By the cosine formula,
b2  c2  a 2
cos A 
2bc
59  862  722
2

2(59)(86)
 0.5610
∴ A  55.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

By the sine formula,

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Question Bank

b a

sin B sin A
59 cm 72 cm

sin B sin55.875
59sin55.875
sin B 
72
∴ B  42.7 (cor. to 1 d.p.) or 137.3 (rejected)

∴ C  180  A  B
 180  55.875  42.715
 81.4 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

12. In the figure, B is 35 km due east of A. P is a point on the north side

of AB such that AP = 30 km and PB = 25 km. Find the true bearing of
(a) P from A,
(b) P from B.
(Give your answers correct to the nearest degree.)
在圖中，B 位於 A 的正東面 35 km 處，而 P 則位於 AB 的北面，
且 AP = 30 km 及 PB = 25 km。求
(a) 由 A 測得 P 的真方位角；
(b) 由 B 測得 P 的真方位角。
(答案須準確至最接近的度。)
(a) By the cosine formula,
AB 2  AP 2  BP 2
cos PAB 
2( AB)( AP)
352  302  252
 .
2(35)(30)
∴ PAB  44.415

∴ The true bearing of P from A

 090  044.415
 046 (cor. to the nearest degree)

(b) By the cosine formula,

AB 2  BP2  AP 2
cos ABP 
2( AB)( BP)
352  252  302
 .
2(35)(25)
∴ ABP  57.122
∴ The true bearing of P from B
 270  057.122
 327 (cor. to the nearest degree)

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13. Find the area of △ABC correct to 3 significant figures.

求 △ABC 的面積，準確至三位有效數字。

abc
Let s .
2

20  29  13
∴ s cm  31cm
2

s  a  (31  20)  11 cm
s  b  (31  29) cm  2 cm
s  c  (31  13) cm  18 cm

∴ Area of △ABC  s ( s  a)( s  b)( s  c)

 31 11 2  18 cm 2
 111cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

14. In the figure, △ABC is a triangle with sides 10 cm, 14 cm and 7 cm.
Find
(a) the area of △ABC,
(b) the altitude BD.
(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place.)
在圖中，△ABC 的邊長分別是 10 cm、14 cm 及 7 cm。求
(a) △ABC 的面積；
(b) 高 BD。
(答案須準確至一位小數。)
abc
(a) Let s .
2

14  7  10
∴ s cm  15.5 cm
2

s  a  (15.5  14) cm  1.5 cm

s  b  (15.5  7) cm  8.5 cm
s  c  (15.5  10) cm  5.5 cm

Area of △ABC  s ( s  a)( s  b)( s  c)

 15.5  1.5  8.5  5.5 cm 2
 33.0 cm 2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

(b) Area of △ABC  1  AC BD

2

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1
32.969 cm 2   7 cm  BD
2
BD  9.4 cm ( c o tr 1o. d . p . )

15. The angle of elevation of the top A and the angle of depression of the bottom B of a
building AB from the top C of another building CD are 30° and 40° respectively. If the
height of AB is 50 m, find the height of CD correct to the nearest m.
如圖所示，從一座大廈 CD 的最高點 C，測得另一座大廈 AB 的最高點 A 的仰
角為 30°，並測得最低點 B 的俯角為 40°。若大廈 AB 高 50 m，求大廈 CD 的
高度，準確至最接近的 m。
CAB  90  30
 60

By the sine formula,

AB BC

sin BCA sin CAB
50 m BC

sin (40  30) sin 60
50 sin 60
BC  m
sin 70

DCB  90  40

 50

In △BDC,
CD
cos DCB 
BC
CD  BC cos DCB
 50sin60 
  cos 50  m
 sin 70 
 30 m (cor. to the nearest m)

16. In the figure, boat X leaves a port A and sails N42°W at 12 km/h. At
the same time, boat Y leaves another port B where the bearing of B from
A is N75°E and AB = 15 km. In order to meet boat X in 100 minutes,
find the course and speed of boat Y correct to 3 significant figures.
在圖中，船 X 離開港口 A，並以 12 km/h 的速率沿 N42°W 的方向航行。
與此同時，船 Y 則離開港口 B。已知 AB = 15 km，及由 A 測得 B 的方位
角是 N75°E。若船 Y 須在 100 分鐘內與船 X 會合，求船 Y 的航行方向和速率。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
Let C be the point where boat Y meets boat X in 100 minutes.

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CAB  42  75  117

100
AC  12 km/h  h  20 km
60

By the cosine formula,

BC  152  202  2(15)(20) cos117 km
 29.9565km

100
∴ The speed of boat Y  29.9565km  h
60
 18.0 km/h (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

By the cosine formula,

AB2  BC 2  AC 2
cos ABC 
2( AB)( BC)
152  29.95652  202

2(15)(29.9565)
∴ ABC  36.503

EBA  75 (alt.s, DA// BE)

∴ FBC  180  75  36.503 (adj. on a st.line)

 68.5 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The course of boat Y is N68.5ºW.

17. The figure shows a rectangular block. Name the angles between
(a) line AG and plane BFGC,
(b) planes BEC and BFGC.
根據圖中的長方體，寫出下列各交角的名稱。
(a) 直線 AG 與平面 BFGC 的交角。
(b) 平面 BEC 與 BFGC 的交角。
(a) ∵ AB is perpendicular to plane BFGC.
∴ B is the projection of A on plane BFGC.
∴ BG is the projection of AG on plane BFGC.

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∴ AGB is the angle between AG and plane BFGC.

(b) ∵ BE  BC and BF  BC.

∴ EBF is the angle between planes BEC and BFGC.

18. The figure shows a right triangular prism ABCFDE, where AE = 10 cm, AD = 8 cm,
AF = 14 cm and EAF = 60°.
(a) Find EF and leave your answer in surd form.
(b) Find the angle between the planes ABED and ACFD, correct to the
nearest degree.
圖中所示為直立三棱柱 ABCFDE，其中 AE = 10 cm，AD = 8 cm，AF = 14 cm 及 EAF = 60°。
(a) 求 EF 的長度，答案以根式表示。
(b) 求平面 ABED 與 ACFD 的交角，準確至最接近的度。
(a) Consider △AEF.

By the cosine formula,

EF 2  AE2  AF 2  2( AE)( AF ) cos EAF
EF  102  142  2(10)(14) cos 60

1
 100  196  280  cm
2
 2 39 cm

(b) The angle between the planes ABED and ACFD is EDF.
Consider △AED.
AE 2  AD2  ED2 (P yth.theorem)
ED  AE 2  AD2
 102  82 cm
 6 cm

Consider △ADF.

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AF 2  AD2  DF 2 (P yth.theorem)
DF  AF  AD2 2

 142  82 cm
 132 cm

Consider △EDF.
By the cosine formula,

ED2  DF 2  EF 2
cos EDF 
2( ED)( DF )
62  ( 132) 2  (2 39 ) 2

2(6)( 132)
EDF  85 (cor. to the nearest degree)

∴ The angle between the planes ABED and ACFD is 85.

19. The figure shows a triangular prism where ABCD, CEFD and ABEF are rectangles.
ABCD is perpendicular to CEFD. If EC = 20 cm, EBC = 35° and DAC = 55°, find
(a) EA,
(b) the angle between EA and plane ABCD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
圖中所示為一個三棱柱，其中 ABCD、CEFD
和 ABEF 均是長方形，而平面 ABCD 與 CEFD
互相垂直。若 EC = 20 cm，EBC = 35° 及 DAC = 55°，求
(a) EA 的長度；
(b) 直線 EA 與平面 ABCD 的交角。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
(a) Consider △BEC.
20 cm
tan 35 
BC
20
BC  cm
tan 35

Consider △ABC.
CAB  90  55
 35

BC
sin 35 
AC
BC
AC 
sin 35
20
 cm
tan 35 sin 35

Consider △ACE.

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EA2  AC 2  EC 2 (P yth.theorem)
2
 20 
EA     202 cm
 tan 35 sin35 
 53.7 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △ACE,
EC
sinEAC 
EA
20

53.664
EAC  21.9 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between EA and plane ABCD is 21.9.

20. The cross-section of the right prism shown is an isosceles trapezium, AB = 4 cm, CD = 8 cm,
AD = BC = 5 cm and AF = 14 cm. Find the angles between the planes
(a) ADEF and CDEH,
(b) FDCG and CDEH.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
圖中所示為一個直立棱柱，其橫切面是一個等腰梯形。已知 AB = 4 cm，CD = 8 cm，AD = BC = 5 cm
及 AF = 14 cm，求下列各平面之間的交角。
(a) ADEF 與 CDEH；
(b) FDCG 與 CDEH。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
(a) The angle between the planes ADEF and CDEH is ADC. Consider the isosceles trapezium
ABCD.

∵ ADM = BCN (property of isos. trapezium)

AMD = BNC = 90
AD = BC (given)
∴ △ADM △BCN
∴ DM = CN

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∵ DM + MN + CN = 8 cm
2DM + 4 cm = 8 cm
DM = 2 cm
DM
cos ADC 
AD
2

5
ADC  66.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the planes ADEF and CDEH is 66.4.

(b) Let P, Q and R be the mid-points of FG, DC and EH respectively.

The angle between the planes FDCG and CDEH is PQR.

From (a),
AM  AD2  DM 2 (Pyth. Theorem)
 52  22 cm
 21 cm

PR = AM = 21 cm
QR = AF = 14 cm
PR
tan PQR 
QR
21 cm

14 cm
PQR  18.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the planes FDCG and CDEH is 18.1.

21. The figure shows a rectangular block, AM = MB = 3 cm, AF = 8 cm and FE = 5

cm.
(a) Find EM and leave your answer in surd form.
(b) Find the angles between
(i) the planes MEH and GFEH,
(ii) ME and plane GFEH.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
圖中所示為一個長方體，其中 AM = MB = 3 cm，AF = 8 cm 及 FE = 5 cm。
(a) 求 EM 的長度，答案以根式表示。
(b) 求
(i) 平面 MEH 與 GFEH 的交角；

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(ii) 直線 ME 與平面 GFEH 的交角。

(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
(a) Let N be the mid-point of FG, i.e. FN = NG = 3cm.

EN 2  FN 2  EF 2 (Pyth. theorem)
∴ EN  32  5 2 cm
 34 cm

EM 2  MN 2  EN 2 (Pyth. theorem)
∴ EM  8  ( 34 ) cm
2 2

 7 2 cm

(b) (i) Let P be the mid-point of EH.

The angle between the planes MEH and GFEH is MPN.

MN
tan MPN 
NP
8

5
MPN  58.0 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the planes MEH and GFEH is 58.0.

(ii) The angle between ME and plane GFEH is MEN.

MN
tan MEN 
EN
8

34
MEN  53.9 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between ME and the plane GFEH is 53.9.

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22. In the figure, VABCD is a right pyramid with a square base

ABCD.
VA = VB = VC = VD = AB = 10 cm. O is the point of intersection
of diagonals AC and BD. Find the angles between
(a) VA and plane ABCD,
(b) the planes VAB and ABCD,
(c) VO and plane VBC.
(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place if necessary.)
在圖中，VABCD 是一個直立棱錐。正方形 ABCD 是棱錐的底，其中 VA = VB = VC = VD = AB = 10
cm，而 O 是兩條對角線 AC 和 BD 的交點。求
(a) VA 與平面 ABCD 的交角；
(b) 平面 VAB 與 ABCD 的交角；
(c) VO 與平面 VBC 的交角。
(如有需要，取答案準確至一位小數。)
(a) The angle between VA and plane ABCD is VAO.
AC  102  102 cm (Pyth. theorem)
 10 2 cm

1
∴ OA  AC  5 2 cm (property of square)
2

Consider △VAO.

5 2
cos VAO 
10
VAO  45

∴ The angle between VA and plane ABCD is 45.

(b) Let M be the mid-point of AB.

∵ △VAB is an isosceles triangle.

∴ VM  AB
∵ △OAB is an isosceles triangle.
∴ OM  AB
∵ AB is the line of intersection of the planes VAB and ABCD.
∴ The angle between the planes VAB and ABCD is VMO.
10
OM  cm  5 cm
2

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From (a),
VO  102  (5 2 )2 cm (Pyth. Theorem)
 5 2 cm
Consider △VOM.

5 2
tan VMO 
5
VMO  54.7 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

∴ The angle between the planes VAB and ABCD is 54.7.

(c) Let N be the mid-point of BC.
The angle between VO and the plane VBC is OVN.
ON = OM = 5 cm (by (b))
5
tan OVN 
5 2
OVN  35.3 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

∴ The angle between VO and plane VBC is 35.3.

23. An aeroplane flies eastwards at a speed of 150 km/h at a constant height along
the path AB as shown. At noon, the aeroplane is at A and at 12:20 p.m., the
aeroplane is at B. H and K are projections of A and B on the horizontal ground
respectively. The angle of elevation of A from C is 25°. Find
(a) the height of the aeroplane from the ground,
(b) the angle of elevation of B from C.
(Give your answers correct to 2 decimal places.)
一架飛機以 150 km/h 的速率，並以固定高度沿航線 AB 向東飛行。在正午時，飛機正位於 A，而
由 C 測得 A 的仰角是 25°；而在下午 12:20，飛機則位於 B。已知 H 和 K 分別是 A 和 B 在地
面上的投影。求
(a) 飛機航行時的固定高度；
(b) 由 C 測得 B 的仰角。
(答案須準確至二位小數。)
20
(a) AB  150 km/h  h  50 km
60

∵ H and K are projections of A and B on the horizontal ground respectively.

∴ HK = AB = 50 km
Consider △HCK.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

HKC  90  62

 28

By the sine formula,

HK HC

sin HCK sin HKC
50 km HC

sin (47  62) sin 28
50 sin 28
HC  km
sin109

Consider △AHC.
AH
tan ACH 
HC
AH  HC tan ACH
50 sin 28 tan 25
 km
sin109
 11.58 km (cor. to 2 d.p.)

∴ The height of the aeroplane from ground is 11.58 km.

(b) Consider △HCK.

KHC  90  47  43

By the sine formula,

HK KC

sin HCK sinKHC
50 km KC

sin (47  62) sin 43
50 sin 43
KC  km
sin109
 36.0648km
Consider △BCK.
BK
tan BCK 
KC
11.5767
 ( BK  AH )
36.0648
BCK  17.80 (cor. to 2 d.p.)

∴ The angle of elevation of B from C is 17.80.

24. From the top L of a lighthouse LO of height 50 m, a man observes that the
angle of depression of boat A, due west of O, is 50°, while the angle of
depression of another boat B, with true bearing 126° from O, is 35°. Find
(a) the distance between A and B,
(b) the true bearing of B from A.
(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place.)
圖中所示為一個高 50 m 的燈塔 LO。一名男子位於燈塔的最高點 L，測得

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Question Bank

位於燈塔正西面的船 A 的俯角為 50°；此外，他又測得方位角為 126° 的船 B 的俯角為 35°。求

(a) A 與 B 之間的距離；
(b) 由 A 測得 B 的真方位角。
(答案須準確至一位小數。)
(a) Consider △LAO.
ALO  90  50
 40

AO
tan ALO 
LO
AO  50 tan 40 m
 41.955m
Consider △LBO.
BLO  90  35
 55

BO
tan BLO 
LO
BO  50 tan 55 m
 71.407m
Consider △AOB.
AOB  270  126
 144

By the cosine formula,

AB  AO2  BO2  2( AO)( BO)cosAOB

 41.9552  71.4072  2(41.955)(71.407) cos144 m

 108.2 m ( c o tr 1o. d . p . )

∴ The distance between A and B is 108.2 m.

(b) By the cosine formula.

AB2  OA2  OB2
cos OAB 
2( AB)(OA)
(108.197) 2  (41.955) 2  (71.407) 2

2(108.197)(41.955)
 0.9217
OAB  22.824

 90  22.824
∴ The true bearing of B from A  112.8 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

25. Find the area of the triangle as shown in the figure.

(Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
求圖中三角形的面積。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)

A  B  C  180 ( sum of △)
62  75  C  180
C  43

By the sine formula,

AB BC

sin C sin A
6 cm BC

sin 43 sin 62
6 sin 62
BC  cm
sin 43
 7.7679cm

1 
Area of △ABC    6  7.7679 sin 75  cm 2
2 
 22.5 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
2

26. In the figure, find AD correct to 3 significant figures.

求圖中的 AD，準確至三位有效數字。

Consider △ABC.
CAB  ABC  BCA  180 ( sum of △)
CAB  (22  46)  35  180
CAB  77

By the sine formula,

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Question Bank

AB BC

sin BCA sin CAB
8 cm BC

sin 35 sin 77
8 sin 77
BC  cm
sin 35

Consider △BCD.
DBC  BCD  CDB  180 ( sum of △)
46  (35  30)  CDB  180
CDB  69

By the sine formula,

BC BD

sin CDB sin BCD
BC BD

sin 69 sin (35  30)
BC sin 65
BD 
sin 69
8 sin 77 sin 65
 cm
sin 35 sin 69
 13.193cm

Consider △ABD.
By the cosine formula,
AD2  AB2  BD2  2( AB)( BD) cos ABD
AD  82  13.1932  2(8)(13.193) cos 22 cm
 6.51cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

27. In the figure, ABCD is a vertical wall. The sun shines from the back of the wall and casts a shadow
QBCP on the horizontal ground such that PC and QB are perpendicular to BC. AB = 5 m, DC = 3 m, BC = 8
m and the angle of elevation of the sun is  .
(a) Express PC and QB in terms of  .
(b) If the area of the shadow is 40 m2, find PC and QB.
(c) If R is the mid-point of PQ, find the angle of elevation of A from R
correct to the nearest degree.
在圖中，ABCD 是一堵直立的牆壁。太陽由牆壁的背面照射下來，使牆
壁在水平地面上投下影子 QBCP，其中 PC 和 QB 都垂直於 BC，而
AB = 5 m，DC = 3 m，BC = 8 m 及太陽的仰角為  。
(a) 試以  表示 PC 和 QB。
(b) 若影子的面積為 40 m2，求 PC 和 QB。
(c) 若 R 是 PQ 的中點，求由 R 測得 A 的仰角，準確至最接近的度。
(a) Consider △DPC.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

DC
tan DPC 
PC
3m
tan  
PC
3
PC  m
tan 

Consider △DPC and △AQB.

∵ AB  QB (given)
DC  PC (given)
and AQ // DP (AQ and DP are sun rays)
∴ AQB = DPC = 
Consider △AQB.
AB
tan AQB 
QB
5m
tan  
QB
5
QB  m
tan 

(b) Area of the shadow = 40 m2

1
 ( PC  QB)  BC  40 m 2
2
1  3 5 
    8  40
2  tan  tan  
1  8 
   8  40
2  tan  
4
tan  
5

3
∴ PC  m
tan 
3
 m
4
5
 3.75 m

5
and QB  m
tan 
5
 m
4
5
 6.25 m

(c) Consider trapezium BCPQ.

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Question Bank

PQ  BC 2  (QB  PC) 2 (P yth.theorem)

 82  (6.25  3.75) 2 m
 70.25 m
∵ R is the mid-point of PQ.
1 1
∴ QR  PQ  70.25 m
2 2

BC
tan PQB 
QB  PC
8

6.25  3.75
PQB  72.6460

Consider △BRQ.
By the cosine formula,
BR  BQ2  QR2  2( BQ)(QR) cos PQB
2
1  1 
 6.252   70.25   2(6.25) 70.25  cos 72.6460 m
 2   2 
 41 m

Consider △ARB.
AB
tan ARB 
BR
5

41
ARB  38 (cor. to the nearest degree)

∴ The angle of elevation of A from R is 38.

28. In the figure, ABCDHEFG is a cuboid. AB = BC = 10 cm, AE = 7 cm and FM = MG = GN = NH.

(a) (i) Find AM, MN and AN.
(ii) Find the area of △AMN by Heron’s formula.
(b) Find the angle between AN and plane EFGH.
(c) Find the angle between the planes AMN and EFGH.
(Give your answers correct to 2 decimal places.)
圖中所示為長方體 ABCDHEFG，其中 AB = BC = 10 cm，AE = 7 cm 及 FM = MG = GN = NH。
(a) (i) 求 AM、MN 和 AN。

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(ii) 利用希羅公式，求 △AMN 的面積。

(b) 求 AN 與平面 EFGH 的交角。
(c) 求平面 AMN 與 EFGH 的交角。
(答案須準確至二位小數。)
(a) (i) ME  MF 2  FE2 (P yth.theorem)
 52  102 cm
 5 5 cm

AM  AE2  ME2 (P yth.theorem)

 7  (5 5 ) cm
2 2

 13.19 cm (cor. to 2 d.p.)

MN  MG2  GN 2 (P yth.theorem)
 52  52 cm
 7.07 cm (cor. to 2 d.p.)

NE  NH 2  HE2 (P yth.theorem)
 5  10 cm
2 2

 5 5 cm

AN  AE2  NE 2 (P yth.theorem)

 7 2  (5 5 ) 2 cm
 13.19 cm (cor. to 2 d.p.)

AM  MN  AN
(ii) Let s
2
13.1909 7.0711 13.1909
∴ s cm
2
 16.7265cm
s – AM = (16.7265 – 13.1909) cm = 3.5356 cm
s – MN = (16.7265 – 7.0711) cm = 9.6554 cm
s – AN = (16.7265 – 13.1909) cm = 3.5356 cm
 s ( s  AM )( s  MN )( s  AN )
Area of △AMN  16.7265 3.5356 9.6554 3.5356 cm 2
 44.93 cm (cor. to 2 d.p.)

(b) The angle between AN and plane EFGH is ANE.

AE
tan ANE 
NE
7
 (by (a))
5 5
ANE  32.05 (cor. to 2 d.p.)

∴ The angle between AN and plane EFGH is 32.05.

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Question Bank

(c) Let P be the mid-point of MN, then AP is the height of △AMN. (∵ AMN is an isos.
triangle.)

Area of △AMN  1  MN  AP
2

44.9315 cm2  1  7.0711cm  AP (by (a)(i) and (a)(ii))

2

AP = 12.7085 cm
The angle between the planes AMN and EFGH is APE.
AE
sin APE 
AP
7

12.7085
APE  33.42 (cor. to 2 d.p.)

∴ The angle between the planes AMN and EFGH is 33.42.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

Pre-requisite Questions
預備測驗

1. Express the following in terms of cos x .

試以 cos x 表示下列各式。
(a) sin 2 x
(b) 1  tan2 x
(c) (1  sin x) 2  2 sin x

(a) sin2 x  1  cos2 x

sin2 x
(b) 1  tan2 x  1 
cos2 x
cos2 x  sin2 x

cos2 x
1

cos2 x

(c) (1  sin x)2  2 sin x

 (1  2 sin x  sin2 x)  2 sin x

 1  sin2 x
 1  (1  cos2 x)
 2  cos2 x

2. Express the following in terms of sin  .

試以 sin  表示下列各式。
(a) tan cos
(b) (1  cos2  )(1  cos2  )

1
1
(c) tan
sin   cos

sin
(a) tan cos   cos
cos
 sin

(b) (1  cos2  )(1  cos2  )

 sin2   [1  (1  sin2 )]
 sin2 (2  sin2 )
 2sin2  sin4

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Question Bank

1 cos
1 1
tan  sin
(c) sin  cos sin  cos
sin  cos
 sin
sin  cos
1

sin

15
3. (a) Given that cos  and tan  0 , find sin  .
17
2 6
(b) Given that tan   and sin   0 , find cos .
5
15
(a) 已知 cos  及 tan  0 ，求 sin  的值。
17
2 6
(b) 已知 tan   及 sin   0 ，求 cos 的值。
5
15
(a) ∵ cos  0
17

∴  lies in quadrant I or quadrant IV.

∵ tan  < 0
∴  must lie in quadrant IV.
Let P(x, y) be a point on the terminal side of  and OP = r.

From the definition of the cosine ratio, r = 17 and

x = 15.
y   172  152  8
8
∴ sin  
17

2 6
(b) ∵ tan    0
5

∴  lies in quadrant II or quadrant IV.

∵ sin  > 0

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

∴  must lie in quadrant II.

2 6
∵ tan   
5

∴ P(5, 2 6 ) is a point on the terminal side of .

OP  r  (5) 2  (2 6 ) 2  7

5
∴ cos  
7

x
4. In the figure, if AD⊥BC and BDC is a straight line, express in terms of  and  .
y
x
在圖中，若 AD⊥BC 及 BDC 是一條直線，以  及  表示 。
y

In △ABD,
AD
tan 
x
AD  x tan

In △ACD,

AD
sin 
y
AD  y sin

∴ x tan  y sin
x sin

y tan

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Question Bank

5 Simplify the following expressions.

化簡下列各式。
(1  cos )(1  cos )
(a)
tan cos
cos(360   )
(b)
sin(180   ) tan(90   )
cos(180   ) tan(360   )
(c)
cos(90   )

(1  cos )(1  cos ) 1  cos2 

(a) 
tan cos sin 
 cos
cos
sin2 

sin
 sin

cos (360   )
(b)
sin(180   ) tan(90   )

cos

 1 
 sin   
 tan 
cos

cos
 sin 
sin
cos

 cos
 1

cos (180   ) tan(360   )

(c)
cos(90   )

( cos )( tan )


sin
 sin 
( cos )  
  cos 
sin
sin

sin
1

6. Simplify the following expressions.

化簡下列各式。
cos 1  sin 
(a) 
1  sin  cos

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

1 1
(b) 
1 1
1 1
sin  sin 

cos 1  sin
(a) 
1  sin cos

cos2   (1  sin )(1  sin )


(1  sin ) cos
cos2   (1  sin2  )

(1  sin ) cos
cos2   cos2 

(1  sin ) cos
2 cos2 

(1  sin ) cos
2 cos

1  sin

1 1
(b) 
1 1
1 1
sin sin

1 1
 
1  sin 1  sin
sin sin
sin sin
 
1  sin 1  sin
sin (1  sin )  sin (1  sin )

(1  sin )(1  sin )
sin  sin2   sin  sin2 

1  sin2 
2 sin 
2

cos2 
 2 tan2 

k 3 cos  4 sin 
7. If tan   , express in terms of k.
2 2 sin   cos
k 3 cos  4 sin 
若 tan   ，試以 k 表示 。
2 2 sin   cos
3 cos  4 sin
3 cos  4 sin cos

2 sin  cos 2 sin  cos
cos
3  4 tan

2 tan  1
 k
3  4  
  2
 k
2    1
 2
3  2k

1 k

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Question Bank

sin 
8. If tan(90   )  k , express in terms of k.
tan (sin   tan cos3  )
3

sin 
若 tan(90   )  k ，試以 k 表示 。
tan (sin   tan cos3  )
3

∵ tan (90   )  k

1
∴ k
tan

sin
tan (sin   tan cos3  )
3

sin

sin  3 sin 
 sin    cos3  
cos  cos 
cos

sin3   sin cos2 
cos

sin (sin2   cos2  )
cos

sin
1

tan
k

1
9. The figure shows the graph of y  2 cos x . Find the coordinates of the point R.
2
1
下圖所示為 y  2 cos x 的圖像。 求 R 點的坐標。
2

∵ Maximum value of y  2(1)

2

∴ The y-coordinate of R is 2.
1 1
The maximum value of y occurs at x  0 or x  360 .
2 2

i.e. x = 0 or 720
From the figure, the coordinates of R are (720, 2).

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

sin 2 A 1
10. Given that  , where 90  A  180 , find the value of
3  4 cos A 12
2

sin 2 A 1
已知  ， 其中 90  A  180 ， 求下列各式的值。
3  4 cos A 12
2

(a) sin A ,
(b) cos A ,
sin A
(c) .
1  2 cos A
(Leave your answers in surd form.)
(答案以根式表示。)

sin2 A 1
(a) 
3  4 cos A 12
2

12sin2 A  3  4 cos2 A
12sin2 A  3  4(1  sin2 A)
12sin2 A  3  4  4 sin2 A
16sin2 A  7
7
sin2 A 
16

7 7
sin A  or  (rejected, ∵ 90 < A < 180)
4 4

(b) ∵ 90 < A < 180

∴ cos A < 0
Let P(x, y) be a point on the terminal side of A and OP = r.

7
∵ sin A 
4

From the definition of the sine ratio, r = 4, y  7 .

x   42  ( 7 )2
 3
3
∴ cos A  
4

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Question Bank

7
sin A 4
(c) 
1  2 cos A  3
1  2  
 4
7
 4
3
1
2
7

10

11 Find the maximum and minimum values of the following functions.

求下列各函數的極大值和極小值。
(a) y  2  5 cos
(b) y  2 cos2   3 sin 2   1
3
(c) y
4  cos2 
(d) y  sin 2   6 sin   9
. (a) ∵ 1  cos   1

∴ The maximum value of y  2  5(1)

7

The minimum value of y  2  5(1)

 3

(b) y  2 cos2   3 sin2   1

 2 cos2   3(1  cos2  )  1
 2 cos2   3  3 cos2   1
 5 cos2   2

∵ 0  cos2   1
∴ The maximum value of y  5(1)  2  3

The minimum value of y  5(0)  2  2

(c) ∵ 0  cos2   1

3
∴ The maximum value of y 
4 1
1

3
The minimum value of y 
4  ( 0)
3

4

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(d) y  sin2   6 sin  9

 (sin  3) 2

∵ 1  sin  1

∴ The maximum value of y  (1  3) 2

 16

The minimum value of y  (1  3)2

4

12. Prove the following identities.

證明下列各恆等式。

(a) tan2   sin 2   tan2  sin 2 

cos A cos B  sin A sin B 1  tan A tan B

(b) 
cos A cos B  sin A sin B 1  tan A tan B
sin x  cos x sin x  cos x 1
(c)  
cos x sin x cos x sin x

sin 2 
(a) tan 2   sin 2    sin2 
cos 2 
sin 2   sin2  cos 2 

cos 2 
sin  (1  cos 2  )
2

cos 2 
 tan  sin 2 
2

cos A cos B  sin A sin B

cos A cos B  sin A sin B cos A cos B
(b) 
cos A cos B  sin A sin B cos A cos B  sin A sin B
cos A cos B
1  tan A tan B

1  tan A tan B

sin x  cos x sin x  cos x

(c) 
cos x sin x
sin x(sin x  cos x)  cos x(sin x  cos x)

cos x sin x
sin2 x  sin x cos x  sin x cos x  cos2 x

cos x sin x
sin2 x  cos2 x

cos x sin x
1

cos x sin x

13. In the figure, find the coordinates of the point C.

求圖中 C 點的坐標。

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Question Bank

From the graph, C is the maximum point of y  2 sin 4 x  1 .

∵ 1  sin 4x  1
∴ The maximum value of y  2 (1)  1
 2 1

The maximum value of y occurs at sin 4x = 1.

i.e. 4 x  90
x  22.5

∴ The coordinates of C are (22.5, 2  1 ).

14 In the figure, ACD is a right-angled triangle. If AB = x and ADB = BDC =  , express CD in terms
of x and  .
在圖中，△ACD 為直角三角形。 若 AB = x 及 ADB = BDC =  ， 試以 x 及  表示 CD。

In △ABD,

x
tan  
AD
x
AD 
tan 
In △ACD,

AD
cos 2 
CD
 x 
 
 tan  
CD 
cos 2
x

cos 2 tan 

15. In the figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Show that tan D = – tan B.
在圖中， ABCD 為圓內接四邊形。 求證 tan D = – tan B。

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

∵ B + D = 180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

∴ D = 180  B
tan D  tan(180  B)
  tan B

16. Solve the following equations for 0    360 .

解下列各方程，其中 0    360 。
(a) 2 sin 2   5 cos  1  0
(b) sin 4   sin 
(c) 3 tan4   5 tan2   2  0

(a) 2 sin2   5 cos  1  0

2(1  cos2  )  5 cos  1  0
2  2 cos2   5 cos  1  0
2 cos2   5 cos  3  0
(2 cos  1)(cos  3)  0

1
cos  or cos  3 (rejected)
2
  60 or 300

(b) sin4   sin

sin4   sin  0
sin (sin3   1)  0

sin  0 or sin3  1

sin  0 or sin  1
  0 , 90 or 180

(c) 3 tan4   5 tan2   2  0

(3 tan2   1)(tan2   2)  0

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Question Bank

1
tan 2   or tan 2  2 (rejected)
3
1
tan  
3
  30, 150, 210 or 330

17. If sin   cos  k , express the following in terms of k.

若 sin   cos  k , 試以 k 表示下列各式。
(a) sin  cos
(b) (cos2   sin 2  ) 2
(a) ∵ sin  cos  k

∴ (sin  cos  ) 2  k 2
sin 2  2 sin cos   cos 2  k 2
1  2 sin cos   k 
2 sin cos   k 2  1
k 2 1
sin cos  
2

(b) (cos2  sin2 ) 2

 (cos   sin ) 2 (cos   sin ) 2
 (cos   sin ) 2 [(cos   sin ) 2  4 sin cos  ]

  k 2  1 
 k 2 k 2  4 
 (by (a))
  2 
 k 2 [k 2  2(k 2  1)]
 k 2 (2  k 2 )
 2k 2  k 4

18. Solve 2 sin 2   sin  cos  6 cos2   0 for 0    360 , correct your answers to the nearest
0.1°.
解 2 sin 2   sin  cos  6 cos2   0 ，其中 0    360 ， 答案須準確至最接近的 0.1°。
2 sin 2   sin cos  6 cos 2   0
2 sin 2   sin cos  6 cos 2 
0
cos 2 
2 tan 2   tan  6  0
(2 tan  3)(tan  2)  0

3
tan   or tan  2
2

  56.3 , 236.3 , 116.6 or 296.6

(cor. to the nearest 0.1°)

Alternative Solution

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

2 sin2  sin cos  6 cos2  0

(2 sin  3 cos )(sin  2 cos )  0

2 sin  3 cos or sin  2 cos

3
tan   or tan   2
2

  56.3 , 236.3 , 116.6 or 296.6

(cor. to the nearest 0.1°)

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Question Bank

Level 1 Questions
程度 1 題目

1. Find the areas of the following triangles.

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
求下列各三角形的面積。
（如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) (b)

(a) Area of △ABC

  (8)(6) sin 45  cm 2

1
2 
 17.0 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.) (or 12 2 cm 2 )

abc
(b) Let s  .
2

10  12  17
∴ s  cm
2
 19.5 cm
Area of △ABC
 19.5(19.5  10)(19.5  12)(19.5  17) cm 2
 19.5  9.5  7.5  2.5 cm 2
 58.9 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

2. In the figure, ABCDEF is a regular hexagon with sides 10 cm and is inscribed in a circle with centre O.
(a) Find OBA and the area of △OAB.
(b) Find the area of the shaded segment.
(Leave your answers in surd form.)
在圖中， ABCDEF 是一個邊長為 10 cm 的正六邊形，且內接於一個圓心為 O 的圓形。
(a) 求 OBA 及△OAB 的面積。
(b) 求陰影區域的面積。
（答案以根式表示。）

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(a) Consider △AOB.

360
AOB 
6
 60
∵ OA = OB and AOB = 60
△
∴ AOB is an equilateral triangle with sides

10 cm.
1
Area of △AOB  (10)(10) sin 60 cm 2
2
 25 3 cm 2

(b) ∵ △AOB is an equilateral triangle with sides

10 cm.
∴ The radius of the circle is 10 cm.
Area of the shaded segment
= area of sector AOB  area of △AOB
 60 
   (10) 2   25 3  cm 2
 360 
 50  2
  25 3  cm
 3 

3. Find the areas of the following quadrilaterals.

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
求下列各四邊形的面積。
（如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）

(a) (b)

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Question Bank

(a) QS  162  122 cm (Pyth.theorem)

 20 cm

Area of △PQRS = area of △PQS + area of △QRS

16  12 1
  (10)( 20) sin 30
2 2
 146 cm 2

(b) Consider △QRS.

QS  QR  RS
Let s  .
2

577
s  cm
2
 9.5 cm
Area of △QRS
 9.5(9.5  5)(9.5  7)(9.5  7) cm2
 16.346 cm2

Area of △PQS 
1
(5)(5) sin 60 cm2
2
 10.825 cm2

∴ Area of PQRS
 16.346  10.825 cm2
 27.2 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

4. In the figure, find the value of x correct to 3 significant figures.

求圖中 x 的值，準確至三位有效數字。
QR  PR  PQ
Let s  .
2

567
s  cm
2
 9 cm

∴ Area of △PQR  9(9  5)(9  6)(9  7) cm 2

 216 cm 2

5x
However, area of △PQR 
2
.

5x
∴  216 cm
2
x  5.88 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

5. In △ABC, A = 130°, BC = 20 cm and AB = 10 cm. Find B correct to the nearest 0.1°.

在 △ABC 中，A = 130°，BC = 20 cm 及 AB = 10 cm。求 B ，準確至最接近的 0.1°。

By the sine formula,

20 cm 10 cm

sin130 sin C
10 sin130
sin C 
20
C  22.521 or C  157.480 (rejected)

B  180  130  22.521

 27.5 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

6. In the figure, ADB is a straight line, CAD = 46°, CDB = 85°, DBC = 32° and CD = 6 cm. Find
在圖中， ADB 是一條直線，CAD = 46°，CDB = 85°，DBC = 32° 及 CD = 6 cm。求
(a) AD,
(b) DB,
(c) the area of △DBC. △
DBC 的面積。
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △ADC,
ACD  85  46 (ext.  of △)
 39

By the sine formula,

AD 6 cm

sin 39 sin 46
6 sin 39
AD  cm
sin 46
 5.25 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △ADC,
BCD  180  85  32 ( sum of △)
 63

By the sine formulas

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Question Bank

DB 6 cm

sin 63 sin 32
6 sin 63
DB  cm
sin 32
 10.1 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

1
(c) Area of △DBC  ( DC)( BC) sin 85
2
1
 (6)(10.088) sin85 cm 2
2
 30.1cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

7. In the figure, ABC is a right-angled triangle with ABC = 90°. D is a

point on AB such that BCD = 50°, DCA = 15° and AD = 2.8 cm.
Find
在圖中， ABC 是一個直角三角形，且ABC = 90°。 D 是 AB 上
的一點，使BCD = 50°，DCA = 15° 及 AD = 2.8 cm.。求
(a) AC,
(b) BC.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △ADC,
ADC  90  50 (ext.  of △)
 140

In △ADC,
By the sine formula,
2.8 cm AC

sin 15 sin 140
2.8 sin140
AC  cm
sin15
AC  6.95 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △ABC,
BC
cos 65 
6.9539cm
BC  6.9539cos 65 cm
 2.94 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

8. In the figure, ABCD is a trapezium, BAD = CDA = 90°, AC = 7 cm, ACB = 63° and ACD = 40°.
Find
在圖中，ABCD 是一個梯形，其中BAD = CDA = 90°，AC = 7 cm， ACB = 63° 及ACD = 40°。

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

求
(a) ABC,
(b) AB,
(c) the area of the trapezium. 該梯形的面積。
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
（如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) Consider quadrilateral ABCD.
90  90  40  63  ABC  ( 4  2)  180
283  ABC  360
ABC  77

(b) In △ABC,
by the sine formula,
AB 7 cm

sin 63 sin 77
7 sin 63
AB  cm
sin 77
 6.40 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) In △ADC,
CD
cos 40 
7 cm
CD  7 cos 40 cm
 5.3623cm
AD
sin 40 
7 cm
and AD  7 sin 40 cm
 4.4955cm
∴ Area of trapezium
(6.4011 5.3623)  4.4955 2
 cm
2
 26.5 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

9. A plane figure DBC consists of a sector ABD with center at A and a triangle ABC where BC = 4 cm
and ACB = 25°. DAC is a straight line. Find
(a) the lengths of AB and AC,
(b) the area of the plane figure DBC.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
平面圖形 DBC 是由一個以 A 為圓心的圓的扇形 ABD 和一個三角形 ABC 所組成。
其中 BC = 4 cm 及ACB = 25°，而 DAC 是一條直線。 求
(a) AB 和 AC 的長度；
(b) 平面圖 DBC 的面積。

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Question Bank

（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △ABC,
BAC  180  110 (adj.s on a st.line)
 70
ABC  110  25 (ext.  of △)
 85
By the sine formula,
AB 4 cm

sin 25 sin 70
4 sin 25
AB  cm
sin 70
AB  1.80 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

By the sine formula,

AC 4 cm

sin 85 sin 70
4 sin 85
AC 
sin 70
AC  4.24 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

Area of DBC
(b) 110 1
  ( AB) 2   ( BC)( AC) sin 25
360 2
 110 1 
  (1.7990) 2   (4)(4.2405) sin 25 cm 2
 360 2 
 6.69 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

10. In the figure, find BC correct to 3 significant figures.

求圖中的 BC 的長度。答案須準確至三位有效數字。

By the cosine formula,

BC2  [302  422  2(30)(42) cos38] m 2
BC  302  422  2(30)(42) cos 38 m
 26.0 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

11. In the figure, find PR correct to 3 significant figures.

求圖中的 BC 的長度。答案須準確至三位有效數字。

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

By the cosine formula,

PR2  62  82  2(6)(8) cos110 cm2
PR  62  82  2(6)(8) cos110 cm
 11.5 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

12. In the figure, find  correct to the nearest 0.1°.

求圖中的  的值。答案須準確至最接近的 0.1°。

By the cosine formula,

8 2  102  122
cos 
2(8)(10)
1

8
  82.8 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

13. In △ABC, AC = 5.2 m, AB = 4.6 m and A = 35.4°. Solve △ABC.

(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place.)
在△ABC 中，AC = 5.2 m, AB = 4.6 m 及 A = 35.4°。解△ABC。
（答案須準確至一位小數。）
By the cosine formula,
BC 2  5.2 2  4.6 2  2(5.2)(4.6) cos 35.4 m 2
BC  5.2 2  4.6 2  2(5.2)(4.6) cos 35.4 m
 3.0 m (cor. to 1 d.p.)

By the cosine formula,

4.62  3.0342  5.22
cos B 
2(4.6)(3.034)
B  83.2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

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Question Bank

∴ C  180  35.4  83.158 ( sum

 61.4 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

14. In the figure, find  correct to the nearest 0.1°.

求圖中的  的值。答案須準確至最接近的 0.1°。

By the cosine formula,

122  162  9 2
cos 
2(12)(16)
319

384
  33.8 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

15. In △ABC, A : B : C = 3 : 4 : 5 and BC = 4 cm, find AB and AC correct to 3 significant figures.

在 △ABC 中，A : B : C = 3 : 4 : 5 及 BC = 4 cm。求 AB 和 AC，準確至三位有效數字。
A  B  C  180
(∠sum of △)
∵ A : B : C = 3 : 4 : 5
∴ 3
A  180 
345
 45
4
B  180 
345
 60
5
C  180 
345
 75

By the sine formula,

4 cm AB

sin 45 sin 75
4 sin 75
AB  cm
sin 45
 5.46 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

By the sine formula,

4 cm AC

sin 45 sin 60
4 sin 60
AC  cm
sin 45
 4.90 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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16. In △ABC, AB = 10 cm, BC = 12 cm, AC = 14 cm, M is a point on BC such that BM : MC = 2 : 1.

Find
(a) cos ACB,
(b) AM.
(Give your answers in surd form if necessary.)
在△ABC 中，AB = 10 cm，BC = 12 cm， AC = 14 cm。 M 是 BC 上的一點，使 BM : MC = 2 : 1。
求
(a) cos ACB；
(b) AM。
（如有需要，答案以根式表示。）
(a) In △ABC,
by the cosine formula,
122  142  102
cos ACB 
2(12)(14)
5

7

(b) ∵ BM : MC = 2 : 1
∴ 1
MC  12  cm
3
 4 cm
In △AMC,
by the cosine formula,
AM 2  AC 2  MC 2  2( AC)( MC) cos ACB

 142  4 2  2(14)( 4)  cm 2

5
7
AM  132 cm

17. In △ABC, a = 8 cm, b = 12 cm and C = 102°. Solve △ABC.

(Give your answers correct to 1 decimal place.)
在 △ABC 中，a = 8 cm， b = 12 cm 及 C = 102°。解△ABC。
（答案須準確至一位小數。）
By the cosine formula,
c 2  82  122  2(8)(12) cos102 cm 2
c  82  122  2(8)(12) cos102 cm
 15.7 cm (cor. to 1 d.p.)

By the sine formula,

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Question Bank

15.745 cm 8 cm

sin102 sin A
8 sin102
sin A 
15.745
A  29.8 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

∴ B  180  102  29.801 ( sum of △)

 48.2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

18. In △ABC, AB = 10 cm, BC = 17 cm and CA = 21 cm. Find

(a) cos BAC,
(b) the area of △ABC.
在 △ABC 中，AB = 10 cm， BC = 17 cm 及 CA = 21 cm。求
(a) cos BAC；
(b) △ABC 的面積。

(a)
By the cosine formula,
102  212  172 3
cos BAC  
2(10)(21) 5

(b) ∵ sin2 + cos2 =1

∴ sin2 BAC  1  cos2 BAC
2
 1   
3
5
16

25

∵ cos BAC > 0

∴ BAC is an acute angle.
4
∴ sin BAC 
5

10  17  21
s
Let 2 cm
By Heron’s formula,
Area of △ABC
 24  14  7  3 cm2  84 cm2

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19. In △ABC, AB = x cm, BC = 7 cm, CA = (x + 3) cm and A = 60°.

(a) Show that x2 + 3x – 40 = 0.
(b) Find the value of x.
(c) Find B and C correct to the nearest 0.1°.
在△ABC 中，AB = x cm，BC = 7 cm，CA = (x + 3) cm 及 A = 60°。
(a) 證明 x 2 + 3x – 40 = 0。
(b) 求 x 的值。
(c) 求 B 和 C 。答案須準確至最接近的 0.1°。
(a) By the cosine formula,
7 2  x 2  ( x  3) 2  2 x ( x  3) cos 60
49  x 2  x 2  6 x  9  x ( x  3)
49  2 x 2  6 x  9  x 2  3x
49  x 2  3x  9
x  3x  40  0
2

(b) x 2  3x  40  0
( x  8)( x  5)  0
x  8 (rejected) or x  5

(c) By the sine formula,

x 7

sin C sin 60
5 7

sin C sin 60
5 sin 60
sin C 
7
C  38.2 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

∴ B  180  60  38.213

 81.8 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

20. In the figure, QS divides the quadrilateral PQRS into two triangles PQS and QRS of equal areas.
SP = 7 cm, QR = 3 cm, RS = 4 cm and QRS = 90°. Find
(a) QS,
(b) PSQ,
(c) the perimeter of PQRS.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
在圖中，QS 把四邊形 PQRS 分為兩個面積相等的三角形 PQS 和 QRS 。若 SP = 7 cm，QR = 3 cm，
RS = 4 cm 及QRS = 90°。求
(a) QS；
(b) PSQ；
(c) PQRS 的周界。

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Question Bank

（如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △QRS,
QS  32  4 2 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 5 cm

(b) ∵ Area of △PQS = Area of △QRS

1 43
∴ (7)(5) sin PSQ 
2 2
12
sin PSQ 
35
PSQ  20.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) In △PQS,
By the cosine formula,
PQ2  7 2  52  2(7)(5) cos 20.051 cm2
PQ  7 2  52  2(7)(5) cos 20.051 cm
PQ  2.8710cm

∴ P erimeter of PQRS  PS  SR  RQ  QP
 (7  4  3  2.8710) cm
 16.9 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

21. In the figure, ABCD is a rhombus of side 25 cm. If BAC = 50°,

find
(a) AC,
(b) BD.
(Give your answers correct to 4 significant figures.)
在圖中， ABCD 是一個邊長為 25 cm 的菱形。若BAC = 50°，求
(a) AC；
(b) BD。
（答案須準確至四位有效數字。）
(a) ∵ ABCD is a rhmobus.
∴ AB = BC = CD = DA = 25 cm
ADC  180  50
 130

By the cosine formula,

AC2  252  252  2(25)(25) cos130 cm2
AC  252  252  2(25)(25) cos130 cm
 45.32 cm (cor. to 4 sig.fig.)

(b) By the cosine formula,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

BD2  252  252  2(25)(25) cos 50 cm2

BD  252  252  2(25)(25) cos 50 cm
 21.13 cm (cor. to 4 sig.fig.)

22. In the figure, ABCD is a quadrilateral, AB = 45 cm, BC = 38 cm,

CD = 15 cm, DA = 32 cm and DAB = 60°. Find
(a) BD,
(b) BCD,
(c) the area of quadrilateral ABCD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，ABCD 是一個四邊形，其中 AB = 45 cm，BC = 38 cm，CD = 15 cm，DA = 32 cm 及DAB
= 60°。求
(a) BD；
(b) BCD；
(c) 四邊形 ABCD 的面積。
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
. (a) In △ABD,
by the cosine formula,
BD2  322  452  2(32)( 45) cos 60 cm 2
BD  322  452  2(32)( 45) cos 60 cm
 40.1 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △BCD,
by the cosine formula,
152  382  40.1122
cos BCD 
2(15)(38)
BCD  87.0 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) Area of △ABCD

= Area of △ABD + Area of △BCD
1 1
 (32)(45) sin 60  (15)(38) sin 86.982
2 2
 908 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
2

23. In the figure, PQ and RS are two vertical buildings on a horizontal ground. If PQ = 45 m, PR = 50 m
and QR = 60 m, find
(a) the angle of depression of R from P,
(b) the height of building RS.

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Question Bank

(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)

在圖中， PQ 和 RS 是兩座建築物。若 PQ = 45 m，PR = 50 m 及 QR = 60 m,，求
(a) 由 P 測得 R 的俯角；
(b) 建築物 RS 的高度
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △PQR,
by the cosine formula,
452  502  602
cos QPR 
2( 45)(50)
37

180
QPR  78.138

  90  78.138
 11.9 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle of depression of R from P is 11.9.

(b) PRT  
 11.862

In △PRT,
PT  50 sin11.862 m
 10.278 m

∴ RS  (45  10.278) m
 34.7 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The height of the building RS is 34.7 m.

24 In the figure, A and B are two points on a horizontal road. B is 3000 m due west of A. A balloon O is
above road AB and makes an angle of elevation of 27° from A. If the distance of the balloon from A is
1200 m, find
(a) the distance OB,
(b) the angle of elevation of the balloon from B.
(Give your answers correct to the nearest integer.)
在圖中，A 和 B 是水平地面上的兩點。B 位於 A 的西面 3000 m 處。一個汽球 O 位於路面 AB
的正上方，由 A 測得汽球的仰角是 27°。若汽球與 A 相距 1200 m，求
(a) OB 的距離；
(b) 由 B 測得汽球的仰角。
（答案須準確至最接近的整數。）
OAB  180  27 (adj.s on a st.line)
. (a) In AOP ,
 153

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

By the cosine formula,

OB2  30002  12002  2(3000)(1200) cos153 m 2
OB  30002  12002  2(3000)(1200) cos153 m
 4106m (cor. to the nearest integer)

(b) In △OBA,
By the sine formula,°.

25. At noon, a ship starts sailing from island A and the true bearing of island B
from island A is 045°. The ship sails in a east course at a speed of 25 km/h
and arrive at island C after 2 hours. If the true bearing of island B from island
C is 010°, find the distance between islands B and C correct to 3 significant
figures.
在正午時，一艘輪船從小島 A 出發。由小島 A 測得小島 B 的真方位角
是 045°。輪船以 25 km/h 的速率向東面航行，在兩小時後，抵達小島 C。
若由小島 C 測得小島 B 的真方位角是 010°，求小島 B 和小島 C 之間的距離，答案須準確至三
位有效數字。
AC  25  2 km
 50 km
BAC  90  45  45
BCA  90  10  100
ABC  180  45  100 ( sum of △)
 35
By the sine formula,
BC 50 km

sin 45 sin 35
50 sin 45
BC  km
sin 35
BC  61.6 km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The distance between islands B and C is 61.6 km.

26. In the figure, PQ is a flagstaff on the top of a building PB. From a point A on
the ground, the angles of elevation of P and Q are 28 and 50 respectively.
Find
(a) AP,
(b) the height of the building PB.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，PQ 是位於大廈 PB 最高點的一根旗桿。由地面上的一點 A 測得 P 和 Q 的仰角分別
為 28 和 50。求

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Question Bank

(a) AP；
(b) 大廈 PB 的高度。
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）

(a) QAP  50  28  22

AQP  180  50  90 ( sum of △)
 40

In △APQ,
by the sine formula,
15 m AP

sin 22 sin 40
15 sin 40
AP  m
sin 22
 25.7 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △ABP,
PB  AP sin 28
 25.739 sin 28 m
 12.1 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The height of the building PB is 12.1 m.

27. The figure shows three cities A, B and C. The compass bearing of B from A
is S50°E and the compass bearing of C from B is S50°W. It is known that
AB and BC are 5 km and 12 km respectively. Find
(a) AC,
(b) the compass bearing of C from A.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
圖中所示為三個城市 A、B 和 C。由 A 測得 B 的羅盤方位角是 S50°E ，而
由 B 測得 C 的羅盤方位角則是 S50°W。已知 AB 和 BC 分別為 5 km 和
12 km。求
(a) AC；
(b) 由 A 測得 C 的羅盤方位角。
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) ABE  50 (alt.s, AD // EB)

∴ ABC  180  50  50


 80

By the cosine formula,

AC 2  52  122  2(5)(12) cos 80 km2
AC  52  122  2(5)(12) cos 80 km
 12.2 km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(b) By the cosine formula,

52  12.1722  122
cos CAB 
2(5)(12.172)
CAB  76.140

∴ The compass bearing of C from A

= S (76.140  50) W
= S26.1W

28. A ship L left a port P at noon and traveled at a speed of 24 km/h in a direction of
040 . Another ship M left the port P at 1:00 p.m. and traveled in a direction of
135. At 3:00 p.m., the ship L and ship M arrive at Q and R respectively.
(a) Find PQ.
(b) If R is due south of Q, find
(i) the average speed of ship M,
(ii) the distance between ship L and ship M.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
. 一艘船 L 於正午時由港口 P 出發，以 24 km/h 的速率沿 040 的方向航行。
另一艘船 M 於 1:00 p.m. 由港口 P 出發，沿 135的方向航行。在 3:00 p.m.，船 L 和船 M 分別
抵達 Q 和 R。
(a) 求 PQ。
(b) 若 R 位於 Q 的正南面，求
(i) 船 M 的平均速率；
(ii) 船 L 和船 M 之間的距離。
（如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) PQ  3  24 km
 72 km

(b) (i) In △PQR,

QPR  135  40

 95

PRQ  TPR (alt.s , PT // QR))

 180  135
 45

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Question Bank

PQR  SPQ (alt.s, PT // QR)

 40

By the sine formula,

PR 72 km

sin 40 sin 45
72 sin 40
PR  km
sin 45
 65.451km

65.451
Average speed of ship M  km/h
2
 32.7 km/h

(ii) In △PQR,
by the sine formula,
QR 72 m

sin 95 sin 45
72 sin 95
QR  km
sin 45
 101km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The distance between the two ships at 3 p.m. is 101 km.

29. The figure shows three islands, P, Q and R, PQ = 10 km, QR = 15 km,

PR = 20 km and R is due east of Q. Find the true bearing of R from P
correct to 3 significant figures.
圖中所示為三個島嶼 P、Q 和 R。PQ = 10 km，QR = 15 km， PR = 20
km，而 R 則位於 Q 的正東面。求由 P 測得 R 的真方位角。答案須準
確至三位有效數字。
.

By the cosine formula,

20 2  152  10 2
cos PRQ 
2(20)(15)
7

8
PRQ  28.955

TPR  PRQ (alt.s, PT // QR)

 28.955

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

∴ SPR  90  28.955

 119 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The true bearing of R from P is 119.

30. The compass bearing of a lighthouse B from a ship at A is N 30 E. The ship
leaves A and sails on a course of S55°E for 30 km to a port C. Find the compass
bearing of B from C correct to 3 significant figures.
由一艘位於 A 的船測得燈塔 B 的羅盤方位角為 N 30 E。該艘船從 A 沿 S55°E 航
行了 30 km ，抵達港口 C。求由 C 測得 B 的羅盤方位角。答案須準確至三位有
效數字。
Let the compass bearing of B from C is NW.
BAC  180  30  55
 95
ABD  EAB (alt.s , BD // AE)
 30
DBC  FCB (alt.s , BD // FC)


∴ ABC  30  

By the sine formula,

30 km 52 km

sin (30   ) sin 95
30 sin 95
sin (30   ) 
52
30    35.081 or 144.92(rejected)
  5.08 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The compass bearing of B from C is N5.08W.

31. The figure shows a rectangular block ABCDHEFG with AE = 7 cm,

AB = 5 cm and BC = 12 cm. Find the angles between
(a) BH and BD,
(b) BH and the plane DCGH.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
圖中所示為一個長方體 ABCDHEFG，其中 AE = 7 cm，AB = 5 cm
及 BC = 12 cm。求
(a) BH 與 BD 的交角；
(b) BH 與平面 DCGH 的交角。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)

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Question Bank

(a)

The angle between BH and BD is HBD.

BD  52  122 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 13 cm

In △HBD,
7
tan HBD 
13
HBD  28.3 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
∴ The angle between BH and BD is 28.3.

(b)

The angle between BH and plane DCGH is BHC.

HC  52  7 2 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 74 cm

In △BHC,
12
tan BHC 
74
BHC  54.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between BH and plane DCGH is 54.4.

32. The figure shows a right triangular prism ABCFDE. If AB = 6 cm,

BC = 8 cm and AC = 12 cm, find the angle between planes ACFD
and BCFE correct to 3 significant figures.
由一艘位於 A 的船測得燈塔 B 的羅盤方位角為 N 30 E。該艘船
從 A 沿 S55°E 航行了 30 km ，抵達港口 C。求由 C 測得 B 的羅
盤方位角。答案須準確至三位有效數字。
In △ABC,
by the cosine formula,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

122  8 2  6 2
cos ACB 
2(12)(8)
43

48
ACB  26.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the planes ACFD and BCFE is 26.4.

33. In the figure, VB is a vertical post of height 80 m. Point A and C are due
west and due south of B respectively. If the angle of elevation of V from
A and B are 45° and 40° respectively, find the compass bearing of A
form C.
在圖中，VB 是一根高度為 80 m 的柱子。A 和 C 分別位於 B 的正西
面和正南面。若由 A 和 B 測得 V 的仰角分別為 45° 和 40°，求由
C 測得 A 的羅盤方位角。
In △VBC,
80 m
tan 40 
BC
80
BC  m
tan 40

In △VAB,
80 m
tan 45 
AB
AB  80 m
In △ACB,
AB
tan ACB 
BC
80

80
tan 40
 tan 40
ACB  40

∴ The compass bearing of A from C is N40W.

34. The figure shows a rectangular block ABCDHEFG of dimension 10 cm  8 cm  6 cm .

(a) Find AH and AG.
(Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
(b) Find the angle between AH and AG.
(c) Find the angle between AH and AC correct to
3 significant figures.
在圖中，ABCDHEFG 是一個大小為 10 cm × 8 cm × 6
cm 的長方體。
(a) 求 AH 和 AG。
（如有需要，答案以根式表示。）

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Question Bank

(c) 求 AH 與 AG 的交角。
(c) 求 AH 與 AC 的交角。答案須準確至三位有效數字。
(a) AH  82  6 2 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 10 cm

AC 2  (102  82 ) cm 2 (P yth.theorem)
 164 cm 2
AC  2 41 cm

AG  AC 2  CG 2 (P yth.theorem)
 164  6 2 cm
 10 2 cm

(b) In △HAG,

10
cos HAG 
10 2
HAG  45
∴ The angle between AH and AG is 45.
(c) The angle between AH and AC is HAC.
CH  6 2  102 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 2 34 cm

In △HAC, by the cosine formula,

102  (2 41) 2  (2 34 ) 2
cos HAC 
2(10)( 2 41)
HAC  60.0 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between AH and AC is 60.0.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

Level 2 Questions
程度 2 題目

1. In the figure, OAB is a sector of a circle with centre O. C is the mid-point

of OB
such that CA  8 and OC = 2. Find
(a) AOB,
(b) the area of the shaded part.
(Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，OAB 是一個以 O 為圓心的圓的扇形。C 是 OB 的中點，使 CA  8 及 OC = 2。求
(a) AOB；
(b) 陰影區域的面積。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
(a) Consider △OAC.
By the cosine formula,

cos AOB 
 
22  42  8
2

2(2)(4)
20  8

16
3

4
AOB  41.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) Shaded area

= area of sector OAB – area of △OAC
 41.410 1 
  (4) 2   (4)(2) sin 41.410 cm2
 360 2 
 3.14 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

2 In the figure, O is the centre of the circle with AB as a diameter. If CAB = 30
 50  2
and the area of the shaded region is  25 3   cm , find the radius of the
 3 
circle.
在圖中，O 是圓的圓心，而 AB 是圓的直徑。若CAB = 30 及陰影區域的
 50  2
面積是  25 3   cm ，求圓的半徑。
 3 
Join OC.

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Question Bank

COB  2CAB ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce )

 60
COA  180  60 (adj. s on a st. line)
 120

Let the radius of circle be r cm.

Area of shaded region = Area of △AOC + Area of sector OBC
50 1 2 60
25 3   r sin120  r 2 
3 2 360
r2 r 2
 sin60 
2 6
 3  
 r2  
 4 6 

75 3  50  3 3  2 
 r2 
3  12 
 
25(3 3  2 )  3 3  2 
 r2
3  12 
 
r 2  100
r  10

∴ The radius of the circle is 10 cm.

3. In the figure, BCD is a straight line, CAD  47 , ADC  65 , AB = 10 cm

and AD = 8.4 cm. Find
(a) AC,
(b) BAC,
(c) the area of △ABD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，BCD 是一條直線， CAD  47 ， ADC  65 ，AB = 10 cm 及 AD = 8.4 cm。求
(a) AC；
(b) BAC；
(c) △ABD 的面積。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △ACD,
ACD  180  47  65 ( sum of △)
 68

By the sine formula,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

AC 8.4 cm

sin65 sin 68
8.4 sin65
AC  cm
sin68
 8.21 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) Consider △ACD.

ACB  47  65 ( ext. of △)
 112

Consider △ACB.
By the sine formula,
10 cm AC

sin ACB sin ABC
10 8.2109

sin 112 sin ABC
8.2109sin 112
sin ABC 
10
ABC  49.579 or 130.421 (rejected)

BAC  180  ABC  ACB ( sum of △)

 18.4 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

(c) BAD  BAC  CAD

 18.421  47
 65.421

Area of △ABD  1 (10 cm)(8.4 cm)(sin 65.421)

2

 38.2 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

4. In the figure, AB // CD, BAD = 30, CBD = 60 and BDA = 45 Find AB : CD.
在圖中，AB // CD，BAD = 30，CBD = 60 及 BDA = 45。求 AB : CD。

Consider △ABD.
By the sine formula,

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Question Bank

AB BD

sin 45 sin 30
BD sin 45
AB 
sin 30
 2 BD

ADC  BAD (alt. s, AB // CD)

 30

In △BCD,
BCD  60  (30  45)  180 ( sum of △)
BCD  45

By the sine formula,

BD CD

sin BCD sin 60
BD CD

sin 45 sin 60
BD sin 60
CD 
sin 45
3
 BD
2

3
∴ AB : CD  2 :
2

 2: 3

5. In the figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. AB = 5.6 cm, BC = 7.8 cm,

ABC = 123 and CAD = 40. Find
(a) AC,
(b) the area of the quadrilateral ABCD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，ABCD 是一個圓內接四邊形。AB = 5.6 cm，BC = 7.8 cm，ABC
= 123及CAD = 40。求
(a) AC；
(b) 四邊形 ABCD 的面積。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) Consider △ABC.
By the cosine formula,
AC  5.62  7.82  2(5.6)(7.8) cos123 cm
 11.8 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) ADC  180  123 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

 57

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △ACD,
ACD  180  40  57 ( sum of △)
 83

By the sine formula,

AC AD

sin ADC sin ACD
11.823cm AD

sin 57 sin 83
11.823sin 83
AD  cm
sin 57
 13.992 cm

Area of △ABD  1 (5.6 cm)(7.8 cm) sin 123

2

 18.317 cm2

Area of △ACD  1 (11.823 cm)(13.992 cm) sin 40

2

 53.167 cm2
∴ Area of ABCD  (18.317  53.167) cm2

 71.5 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

7
6. In △ABC, AC = 10, AB = 12 and sin A  . Find B and C correct to 3 significant figures.
4
7
在△ABC 中，AC = 10、AB = 12 及 sin A  ，求B 和C 。答案須準確至三位有效數字。
4
∵ sin ∠A > 0
∴ ∠A is an acute angle.
∴ cos ∠A > 0

cos A  1  sin2 A
7
 1
16
9

16
3

4
A  41.4096

By the cosine formula,

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Question Bank

BC  AB2  AC 2  2( AB)( AC) cos A

3
 102  122  2(10)(12)  cm
4
 64 cm
 8 cm

BC 2  AB2  AC 2
cos B 
2( BC)( AB)
82  122  102

2(8)(12)
9

16
B  55.8 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

C  180  A  B ( sum of △)
 180  41.410  55.771

 82.8 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

7. In the figure, AD // BC, BAC = 37, ABC = 78, BC = 6 cm and AD = 8 cm.

Diagonals AC and BD intersect at K. Find
(a) AC,
(b) AKD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，AD // BC，BAC = 37，ABC = 78，BC = 6 cm 及 AD = 8 cm。
對角線 AC 與 BD 相交於 K。求
(a) AC；
(b) AKD。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) Consider △ABC.
By the sine formula,
AC 6 cm

sin 78 sin 37
6 sin78
AC  cm
sin37
 9.75 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) DAK  BCK (alt. s, AD // BC)

ADK  CBK (alt. s, AD // BC)
∴ △ADK ~ △CBK (AAA)
∵ AD : BC  8 : 6
 4:3

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

∴ AK : KC  4 : 3 (cor. sides, ~△s)

4
AK  AC 
7
4
 9.7520cm 
7
 5.57 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

BAD  180  78 (int. s, AD // BC)

 102

KAD  102  37

 65

Consider △AKD.
By the cosine formula,
KD  5.57262  82  2(5.5726)(8) cos 65 cm
 7.5745cm

By the cosine formula again,

5.57262  7.57452  82
cos AKD 
2(5.5726)(7.5745)
AKD  73.2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

8. In the figure, ABCDEF is a hexagon. Find

(a) AC, CE and EA correct to 3 significant figures,
(b) the area of △ACE by Heron’s formula correct to the nearest integer.
在圖中，ABCDEF 是一個六邊形。求
(a) AC，CE 和 EA，答案須準確至三位有效數字；
(b) 利用希羅公式，求△ACE 的面積。答案須準確至最接近的整數。
(a) Consider △ABC.
By the cosine formula,
AC  4.32  62  2(4.3)(6) cos 130 cm
 9.36 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

In △CDE,
CED  180  34  121 ( sum of △)
 25

By the sine formula,

4.9 cm CE

sin CED sin 121
4.9 cm CE

sin 25 sin 121
4.9 sin 121
CE  cm
sin 25
 9.94 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

153
Question Bank

Consider △AFE.
By the sine formula,
7.6 cm 5.5 cm

sin 37 sin FEA
5.5 sin 37
sin FEA 
7.6
FEA  25.819

AFE  180  FAE  FEA ( sum of △)

 180  37  25.819
 117.18

By the sine formula again,

AE 7.6 cm

sin AFE sin 37
AE 7.6 cm

sin 117.181 sin 37
7.6 sin 117.18
AE  cm
sin 37
 11.2 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

AC  CE  AE
(b) Let s 
2
9.3626 9.9383 11.234
 cm
2
 15.27 cm

Area of △ACE
 15.27  5.90  5.33 4.03 cm2
 44 cm2 (cor. to the nearest integer)

9. In the figure, △ABD is inscribed in the circle with centre O. C is a point on

BD so that BC = 10 cm, ABC = 35, ACB = 62 and CAD = 32. Find
(a) AC,
(b) CD,
(c) the radius of the circle
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，△ABD 內接於一個圓心為 O 的圓。C 是 BD 上的一點，使 BC = 10 cm，ABC = 35，
ACB = 62及CAD = 32。求
(a) AC；
(b) CD；
(c) 圓的半徑。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(a) In △ABC,
BAC  180  35  62 ( sum of △)
 83

By the sine formula,

AC 10 cm

sin 35 sin BAC
AC 10 cm

sin 35 sin 83
10sin 35
AC  cm
sin 83
 5.78 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △ACD,
22  ADC  62 (ext.  of △)
ADC  40

By the sine formula,

CD AC

sin 22 sin ADC
CD 5.7788cm

sin 22 sin 40
5.7788sin 22
CD  cm
sin 40
 3.37 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) BAD  BAC  CAD

 83  22
 105

Reflex BOD  2BAD ( at centre twice  at⊙ce)

 210

BOD  360  210 (s at a point)

 150

Let the radius of the circle be r cm.

Consider △OBD.
By the cosine formula,
BD2  r 2  r 2  2(r )(r ) cos 150
(10  3.3678) 2  2r 2  3 r 2
13.36782
r
2 3
 6.92 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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Question Bank

∴ The radius of the circle is 6.92 cm.

10. In the figure, MNPQ is a cyclic quadrilateral, MN = 8, NP = 12, PQ = 10 and

QM = 6, Find  correct to 3 significant figures.
在圖中，MNPQ 是一個圓內接四邊形，其中 MN = 8，NP = 12，PQ = 10 及
QM = 6，求  。答案須準確至三位有效數字。
Join QN.

∵ MNPQ is a cyclic quadrilateral.

∴ QPN  180   (opp.  s, cyclic quad.)
Consider △QMN.
By the cosine formula,
QN 2  62  82  2(6)(8) cos 
 100  96 cos 

Consider △PQN.
By the cosine formula,
QN 2  102  122  2(10)(12) cos (180   )
 102  122  2(10)(12) cos 
 244  240 cos 

∴ 100  96 cos   244  240 cos 

336 cos   144
3
cos  
7
  115 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

11. In △OAB, AC : CB = 1: 2, AOB  120 , OA = 2 cm and OB = 4 cm.

Find
(a) cos OAC,
(b) CO.
(Give your correct your answers to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
在△OAB 中，AC : CB = 1: 2，OA = 2 cm 及 OB = 4 cm。求
(a) cos OAC；
(b) CO。
(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

. (a) Consider △AOB.

By the cosine formula,
AB  22  42  2(2)(4) cos 120 cm
 28 cm
 2 7 cm

By the cosine formula again,

22  (2 7 ) 2  42
cos OAC 
2(2)(2 7 )
4  28  16

8 7
2

7

(b) Consider △OAC.

1
AC  AB
3
2 7
 cm
3
By the cosine formula,
2
2 7   
CO  22     2(2) 2 7  cos OAC cm
 3   3 
   

28  8 7  2 

 4   cm
9  3  7 

28 16
 4  cm
9 3
16
 cm
9
4
 cm
3

12. Port B is on a bearing of S50E from port A and 36 km apart. A boat leaves
from port A and reaches island C which is on a bearing of S30E and 25 km
from port A.
(a) Find the distance between B and C correct to the nearest km,
(b) What should be the direction of the boat in order to sail from C to B
directly?
由港口 A 測得 36 km 外的港口 B 的方位角是 S50E。一艘小艇從港口 A 出發，
抵達小島 C 。由港口 A 測得小島 C 的方位是 S30E 及 25 km。
(a) 求 B 與 C 之間的距離，答案須準確至最接近的 km；
(b) 若從 C 直接航行至 B，小艇須向哪個方向航行？

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Question Bank

(a) CAB  50  30

 20

Consider △ABC.
By the cosine formula,
BC  252  362  2(25)(36) cos 20 km
 15 km (cor. to the nearest km)

(b) Consider △ABC.

By the sine formula,

25 15.15

sin ABC sin 20
25sin 20
sinABC 
15.15
 0.56439
ABC  34.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

CDB  50 (cor. s, AE // DC )

In △DCB,
FCB  CDB  ABC (ext.  of △)
 84.4

∴ The required direction is S84.4°E.

13. In the figure, ABCDEF is a regular hexagon of side 10 cm and AFGH is a

rectangle. M is the mid-point of DE and BHE is a straight line.
(a) BM,
(b) AH correct to 3 significant figures.
在圖中，ABCDEF 是一個邊長為 10 cm 的正六邊形，而 AFGH 則是一個長
方形。M 是 DE 的中點，而 BHE 是一條直線。求
(a) BM；
(b) AH 。答案須準確至三位有效數字。
. (a) Join BD.

(6  2)  180 ( sum of polygon)

BCD 
6
 120

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

Consider △BCD,
By the cosine formula,
BD  102  102  2(10)(10) cos BCD cm

 102  102  2(10) 2 cos120 cm

 300 cm
 10 3 cm
∵ BC  DC (ABCDEF is a regular hexagon)
∴ CBD  CDB (base s, isos. △)
120  CBD  CDB  180 ( sum of △)
120  2CDB  180
CDB  30

∴ BDM  120  CDB

 120  30
 90

In △BDM,
BM  BD2  DM 2 (P yth.theorem)
 300  52 cm
 325 cm
 5 13 cm

(b) Consider △BME

By the sine formula,
BM ME

sin BEM sin MBE
5 13 5

sin 60 sinMBE
5 sin60
sinMBE 
5 13
MBE  13.898  or 166.10 (rejected)

ABH  ABE  MBE

 60  13.898
 73.898

BAH  BAF  HAF

 120  90
 30

In △ABH,
AHB  180  ABH  BAH (∠ sum of △)
 180  73.898  30
 76.102

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Question Bank

By the sine formula,

AH 10 cm

sin 73.898 sin 76.102
10sin73.898
AH  cm
sin 76.102
 9.90 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

14. Three ships A, B and C leave from a port O at the same time. Ship A sails at 6km/h on a course of
N 45 E, ship B is sailing due west and ship C is sailing due east. After 3 hours , the distance between
ship A and ship B is 27 km.
(a) Find the speed of ship B.
(b) If the speed of ship C is the same as that of ship B, Find the distance between A and C after 2
hours.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
三艘船 A、B 和 C 同時從港口 O 出發。船 A 以 6km/h 的速率沿 N 45 E 的方向航行，船 B 向西航
行，而船 C 則向東航行。3 小時後，船 A 與船 B 之間的距離為 27 km。
(a) 求船 B 的速率。
(b) 若船 C 的速率與船 B 相同，求 2 小時後 A 與 C 之間的距離。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。)
(a) AOB  45  90
 135

After 3 hours,
OA  6  3 km
 18 km

Consider △OAB.
By the sine formula,
27 18

sin 135 sin ABO
18sin135
sinABO 
27
ABO  28.126

∴ OAB  180  135  28.126 ( sum of △)

 16.874

By the sine formula again,

OB 27

sin16.874 sin 135
27 sin16.874
OB 
sin135
 11.084 km

11.084 km
speed of ship B 
3h
 3.69 km/h (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(b) After 2 hours

OA  6  2 km
 12 km

OC  (3.6947 2) km
 7.3894km

Consider △OAC.
By the cosine formula,
AC  122  7.38942  2(12)(7.3894) cos 45 km
 8.56 km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

15. A boat sails due east from A and the bearing of a lighthouse L from A is
N58E. After the boat travels 10 km to a point B, the bearing of L from
the boat is N40E.
(a) Find the distance between A and L.
(b) If the boat continues sailing due east, find the shortest distance
between the boat and the lighthouse.
一艘小艇從 A 出發向着正東面航行。由 A 測得燈塔 L 的方位角是 N58E。當小艇航行了 10 km
至 B 點時，由小艇測得 L 的方位角是 N40E。
(a) 求 A 與 L 之間的距離。
(b) 若小艇繼續向東航行，求小艇與燈塔之間最短的距離。
(a) LAB  90  58
 32

LBA  90  40

 130

In △LAB,
ALB  180  32  130 (∠ sum of △)
 18

By the sine formula,

AL 10 km

sinLBA sin ALB
AL 10 km

sin130 sin18
10sin 130
AL  km
sin 18
 24.8 km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) When the boat is closest to L at point C,

LC  AC .

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Question Bank

In △LAC,
LC
sin 32 
AL
LC

24.790 km
LC  24.790sin32 km
 13.1 km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The shortest distance between the boat and the light house is 13.1 km.

16. A ship leaves the harbour H and sails 50 km on a course of N45E to harbour A.
Then it sails 100 km on the course of S30E to harbour B. Find the compass
bearing of H from B correct to 3 significant figures.
一艘船從港口 H 出發，沿 N45E 的方向航行了 50 km，抵達港口 A。稍後該
船沿 S30E 的方向航行了 100 km，抵達港口 B。求由 B 測得 H 的羅盤方位角，
答案須準確至三位有效數字。

HAQ  PHA (alt. s, PH // AQ)

 45

∴ HAB  45  30

 75

Consider △AHB.
By the cosine formula,
HB  502  1002  2(50)(100) cos 75 km
 99.558 km

By the sine formula,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

HB 50 km

sin 75 sin ABH
99.558 50

sin 75 sin ABH
50sin75
sin ABH 
99.558
ABH  29.0 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.) or 151 (rejected)

∴ RBH  30  29.0

 59.0

∴ The compass bearing of H from B is N59.0W.

17. In the figure, P,Q and R are three points on a horizontal plane. TS is a tower due west of P and Q. R is
d km due south of Q. The angles of elevation of T from P, Q and R are 30, 60 and 45 respectively,
express PQ in terms of d.
在圖中，P、Q 和 R 是水平面上的三點。TS 是位於 P 和 Q 正西面的一座塔。R 位於 Q 正南
面 d km 的位置。由 P，Q 和 R 測得 T 的仰角分別為 30、60 和 45。試以 d 表示 PQ。

Let the height of the tower TS be h km.

In △TQS,

h
tan 60 
QS
h
QS  km
3

In △TSR,
h
tan 45 
RS
RS  h km

In △QSR,

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Question Bank

2
 h 
d 2     h2

 3
2h 2
d2 
3
3
h d
2

In △TSP,
h
tan 30 
PS
PS  3 h

PQ  PS  QS
h
 3h
3
 1 
  3  h
 3 
 1  3
  3   d
 3  2
2  3 
 d
3  2 

 2 d km

18. When a man stands on the ground of a building AB of height 200 m, the angle of elevation of the top
of a tower CD is 30. If he observes the tower again from the top of the building, the angle of
depression of the top of the tower is 40.
一名男子由 200 m 高的大廈 AB 地面測得塔 CD 的仰角是 30。若他從大廈頂部觀察該塔，測得
塔頂的俯角是 40。

(a) Find the height of the tower.

(b) If the man stand on the midway F of tower CD, find the angle of elevation of A from F.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(a) 求塔的高度。
(b) 若該男子到達塔 CD 中間位置 F ，求由 F 測得 A 的仰角。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) Refer to the notation in the figure,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △BCD,
h
tan 30 
BC
h
BC 
tan 30

ADE  GAD (alt. s, AG // ED)

 40

In △ADE,
200  h
tan 40 
ED
200  h
ED 
tan 40

h 200  h
∴ 
tan 30 tan 40

h tan 40  (200  h) tan 30

 200tan 30  h tan 30
h tan 40  h tan 30  200tan 30
h(tan 40  tan 30)  200 tan 30
200 tan 30
h
tan 40  tan 30
 81.5 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The height of the tower is 81.5 m.

81.521m
(b) BC  (by (a))
tan 30
 141.20 m

 81.521
AH   200  m
 2 
 159.24 m

In △AHF,

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Question Bank

AH
tan AFH 
FH
AH

BC
159.24

141.20
AFH  48.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle of elevation of A from F is 48.4°.

19. A boat leaves island P and sails 50 km on a course of 120 to island A. Then,
the boat sails 80 km on a course of 320 to an island M. Find
(a) the distance between island M and island P,
(b) the true bearing in which the boat return to island P.
(Correct your answer to 3 significant figures.)
一艘小艇從小島 P 出發，沿 120的方向航行了 50 km，抵達小島 A。其
後小艇沿 320的方向航行了 80 km，抵達小島 M。求
(a) 小島 M 與小島 P 之間的距離；
(b) 小艇返回小島 P 的真方位角。
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) APD  120  90
 30

PAE  APD (alt.s, PD // EA)

 30
MAE  320  270
 50
PAM  MAE  PAE
 50  30
 20

Consider △AMP.
By the cosine formula,
MP  502  802  2(50)(80) cos 20 km
 37.2 km (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The distance between island M and island P is 37.2 km.

(b) By the cosine formula,
502  37.1812  802
cos MPA 
2(50)(37.181)
MPA  132.618
FPM  132.618  120
 12.618

∴ Reflex FPM  360  12.618

 347 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The required true bearing is 347.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

20. A building BC of height 50 m and A, B and D are three points on the

horizontal ground. B is due east of A and the angle of elevation of C
from A is 45.The compass bearing of D from A is S50W from A,
the angle of elevation of C from D is 30.
(a) Find AB and BD. (Leave your answers in surds form)
(b) Find ABD correct to 3 significant figures.
(c) If R is a point on BD such that AR  BD, find the angle of
elevation of C from R, correct your answer to 3 significant figures.
一幢大廈 BC 高 50 m，而 A、B 和 D 是水平地面上的三點。B 位於 A 的正東面，由 A 測得 C
的仰角是 45。由 A 測得 D 的羅盤方位角是 S50W，而由 D 測得 C 的仰角則是 30。
(a) 求 AB 和 BD。（答案以根式表示。）
(b) 求ABD ，答案須準確至三位有效數字。
(c) 若 R 是 BD 上的一點，使 AR  BD，求由 R 測得 C 的仰角。答案須準確至三位有效數字。
(a) In △ABC,
50 m
tan 45 
AB
AB  50 m

In △DBC,
50 m
tan 30 
BD
BD  50 3 m

(b) DAB  90  50

 140

Consider △ABD.

By the sine formula,

50 3 50

sin140 sin ADB
50sin140
sinADB 
50 3
ADB  21.784 or 158.2 (rejected)

ABD  180  21.784  140 (∠ sum of △)

 18.2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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Question Bank

(c) In △ABR,

BR
cos18.216 
50 m
BR  50cos18.216 m
 47.494 m

In △BCR,

50
tan CRB 
47.494
CRB  46.5 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle of elevation of C from R is 46.5.

21 In the figure, a car A originally is due north of a building TB and the angle of
elevation of T from A is 60. The car then travels on a course of S 30o E until
it reaches C which is due east of the building. M is the mid-point of AC. Let
TB = h m.

(a) (i) Express AB and BC in terms of h.

(ii) Find the angle of elevation of T from C.

(Correct your answers to 3 significant figure)

(b) If AC = 100 m, find

(i) h,

(ii) BM,

(iii) the angle of elevation of M from T.

(Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures if necessary)

在圖中，房車 A 位於大廈 TB 的正北面，由 A 測得 T 的仰角是 60。房車稍後沿 S 30o E 的方向行
駛，直至抵達大廈正東面的 C 點。M 是 AC 的中點。設 TB = h m。

(a) (i) 試以 h 表示 AB 和 BC。

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(ii) 求由 C 測得 T 的仰角。
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）

(b) 若 AC = 100 m，求

(i) h；

(ii) BM；

(iii) 由 T 測得 M 的仰角。

(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) (i) In △TAB,
TB
tan 60 
AB
hm
3
AB
h
AB  m
3

In △ABC,
BC
tan 30 
AB
1 BC

3  h 
 
 3 m
 
h
BC  m
3

(ii) In △TBC,
TB
tan TCB 
BC
h

h
 
3
3
TCB  71.6 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
∴ The angle of elevation of T from C is 71.6.

(b) (i) In △ABC,

AB2  BC 2  AC 2 (P yth.theorem)
2
 h  h
2
 
 3    3   100
2

 
4h 2
 10000
9
h 2  22500
h  22500
h  150

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Question Bank

h
(ii) AB  m
3
150
 m
3
 50 3 m

AC
AM 
2
100
 m
2
 50 m

Consider △ABM.

By the cosine formula,

BM  AB2  AM 2  2( AB)( AM ) cos30 m

 3
 (50 3 ) 2  502  2(50 3 )(50) m
 2 
 
 7500 2500 7500 m
 2500 m
 50 m

(iii)In △TBM,
TB
tan TMB 
BM
150

50
3
TMB  71.6 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle of elevation of M from T is 71.6.

22. In the figure, a vertical pole CD stands on the horizontal ground ABC.
The top of the pole D is due north of A and the angle of elevation of D
from A is 45. The bearing and the angle of elevation of D from B are
N60E and 30 respectively. If AB = 50m, find
(a) CD,
(b) the compass bearing of A from B.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
在圖中，一根垂直的柱子 CD 位於水平面 ABC 上。柱子頂部 D 位於 A 的正北面，而由 A 測得 D 的

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

仰角則是 45。由 B 測得 D 的方位角和仰角分別為 N60E 和 30。若 AB = 50m，求

(a) CD；
(b) 由 B 測得 A 的羅盤方位角。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) Let the height of the pole CD be h m.

In △ACD,
hm
tan 45 
AC
AC  h m

In △BCD,
hm
tan 30 
BC
BC  3h m

BCA  FBC (alt.s, BF // CA)

 60

Consider △ABC.

By the cosine formula,

502 m 2  h 2  ( 3h) 2  2h( 3h) cos 60

2500m 2  4h 2  3h 2
2500m 2  (4  3 )h 2
2500
h m
4 3
 33.2 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The height of the pole is 33.2 m.

(b) Consider △ABC.
By the sine formula,

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Question Bank

50 h

sin 60 sin ABC
50 33.201

sin 60 sin ABC
33.201sin60
sin ABC  FBA  60  35.1
50
ABC  35.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
or 145 (rejected)

 95.1

∴ The compass bearing of A from B is S84.9E.

23. In the figure, OT is a tower and HK is a building of height 50 m. O, K and A are three points on the
horizontal ground in which A is due south of O. The bearing of K from A and O are N50E and S30E
respectively. The angle of elevation of H from A is 20 and the angle of depression of H from T is 60.
在圖中，OT 是一座塔，而 HK 是一幢 50 m 高的大廈。O、K 和 A 是水平地面上的三點，當
中 A 位於 O 的正南面。由 A 和 O 測得 K 的方位角分別是 N50E 和 S30E。由 A 測得 H 的
仰角是 20 ，而由 T 測得 H 的俯角則是 60。求

Find
(a) OK and OT,
(b) the angle of elevation of T from A.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(a) OK 和 OT；
(b) 由 A 測得 T 的仰角。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △AKH,
50 m
tan 20 
AK
50 m
AK 
tan 20
 137.37 m

Consider △OAK.
By the sine formula,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

OK 137.37 m

sin 50 sin 30
137.37sin 50
OK  m
sin 30
 210 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

In △TBH,

THB  RTB (alt.s, TR // BH )

 60

TB
tan 60 
210.46m
TB  210.46tan60 m
 364.53 m

OT  TB  OB
 (364.53  50) m
 415 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △OAK,

OKA  180  30  50 ( sum of △)

 100
By the sine formula,
OA 137.37 m

sin100 sin 30
137.37 sin100
OA  m
sin30
 270.57 m

In △OAT,
OT
tan TAO 
OA
414.53

270.57
TAO  56.9 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

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Question Bank

∴ The angle of elevation of T from A is 56.9.

24. In the figure, a door ABCD of size 1m  2m is turned through 120 along
AD to the position AEFD. Find
(a) EC, leaving your answer in surd form,
(b) EDB, correcting your answer to 3 significant figures,
(c) the angle between AD and plane EDB, correcting your answer to
3 significant figures.
在圖中，一扇大小為 1m  2m 的門 ABCD 沿 AD 轉動了 120 ，到達了
AEFD 的位置。求
(a) EC，答案以根式表示；
(b) EDB，答案須準確至三位有效數字；
(c) AD 與平面 EDB 的交角，答案須準確至三位有效數字。
. (a) Consider △EAB.

By the cosine formula,

EB  12  12  2(1)(1) cos120 m
 3m
In △EBC,
EC  EB2  BC 2 (Pyth. theorem)
 3  4 m2
 7m

(b) In △BCD,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

BD  BC 2  CD 2 (Pyth. theorem)
 4 1
 5m

Similarly, in △EFD,
ED  5 m
Consider △EDB.
By the cosine formula,
( 5 )2  ( 5 )2  ( 3 )2
cos EDB 
2( 5 )( 5 )
7

10
EDB  45.6 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) Let M be the mid-point of EB then AM  EB.

In △AEM,
AM  AE2  EM 2 (P yth.theorem)
2
 3
 12   
 2 
 
3
 1
4
1

2
In △ADM,
AM
sin ADM 
AD
1
 
 
2
2
1

4
ADM  14.5 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between AD and plane EDB is 14.5.

25 In the figure, ABC is an equalteral triangle of side 9 cm. D is a point on BC

such that BAD = 25.

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Question Bank

(a) (i) Let BD = x cm. By considering △ABD and △ACD, show that
x 9x
 .
sin 25 sin 35
(ii) Hence, find x correct to 3 decimal places.
(b) AD is produced to E such that EBD = 50. Find BE and CE correct to
3 significant figures.
在圖中，ABC 是一個邊長為 9 cm 的等邊三角形。D 是 BC 上的一點，使BAD = 25。
(a) (i) 設 BD = x cm。考慮△ABD 和△ACD，試證明
x 9x
 。
sin 25 sin 35
(ii) 由此求出 x ，答案須準確至三位小數。
(b) AD 延長至 E，使EBD = 50。求 BE 和 CE ，答案須準確至三位有效數字。
(a) (i) ∵ △ABC is an equilateral triangle.
∴ BAC  ABC  ACB  60
AB  BC  AC  9 cm

Consider △ABD.
By the sine formula,
x AD

sin 25 sin 60

In △ADC,
DAC  60  25
 35
DC  BC  BD
 (9  x) cm

By the sine formula,

DC AD

sin DAC sin 60
x 9 x
∴ 
sin 25 sin 35
x 9 x
(ii)  (by (a) (i))
sin 25 sin 35
x sin 35  (9  x) sin 25
 9 sin 25  x sin 25
x(sin 35  sin 25)  9 sin 25
9 sin 25
x
sin 35  sin 25
 3.818 (cor. to 3 d.p.)

(b) In △ABD,
BDE  25  60 (ext.  of △)
 85

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △BDE,
BED  180  50  85 ( sum of △)
 45

By the sine formula,

x BE

sin BED sin BDE
3.8181cm BE

sin 45 sin 85
3.8181sin 85
BE  cm
sin 45
 5.38 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

DC  (9  x) cm
 (9  3.8181) cm
 5.1819cm

Consider △BDE.
By the sine formula,
3.8181cm DE

sin 45 sin 50
3.8181sin50
DE  cm
sin 45
 4.1363cm

In △ADC,
EDC  35  60 (ext. ∠ of △)
 95

Consider △EDC.
By the cosine formula,
CE  DE2  DC2  2( DE)( DC) cos EDC

 (4.1363) 2  (5.1819)2  2(4.1363)(5.1819) cos 95 cm

 6.91cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

26. In the figure, a pole PQ stands vertically on the horizontal ground ABPQ
and Q is due north of A. When a man walks from A to B, the angle of
elevation of P changes from 40 to 30. It is given that PQ = 30 m and
AB = 25 m.
(a) Find the true bearing of B from A.
(b) The man then walks from B to C. If A, B, C and Q are concyclic
with BC = QC, find the angle of elevation of P from C.

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Question Bank

(Give your answer correct to the nearest degree.)

(a) In △PQA,
30 m
tan 40 
AQ
30 m
AQ 
tan 40
 35.752 m

In △PQB,

30 m
tan 30 
BQ
30 m
BQ 
tan 30
 51.962 m

Consider △AQB.
By the cosine formula,
cos QAB
AQ2  AB2  BQ2

2( AQ)( AB)
35.7522  252  51.9622

2(35.752)(25)
QAB  116 (cor. to the nearest degree)

∴ The true bearing of B from A is 116.

(b) ∵ A, B, C and Q are concyclic.

∴ QCB  180  QAB
 180  116.472
 63.528
180  63.528
QBC 
2
 58.236
In △BQC,
by the sine formula,
sin 58.236 sin 63.528

QC BQ
sin 58.236 sin 63.528

QC 51.962m
51.962sin58.236
QC  m
sin63.528
 49.354 m

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △PQC,
PQ
tan PCQ 
QC
30

49.354
PCQ  31 (cor. to the nearest degree)

∴ The angle of elevation of P from C is 31 .

27. In the figure, PQRS is a pyramid such that PQ = 3 cm, PR = 5 cm, PS = 13 cm, QPS = 150 and
PQR = PRS = 90.
在圖中，垂直的柱子 PQ 位於水平地面 ABPQ 上，而 Q 則位於 A 的正北面。當一名男子從 A 步
行至 B，測得 P 的仰角從 40 變成 30。已知 PQ = 30 m 及 AB = 25 m。

(a) Find SQ.

(b) Find the area of △QRS.
(c) State with reason whether PRQ represents the angle between the planes PRS and QRS.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(a) 求由 A 測得 B 的真方位角。
(b) 該男子從 B 步行至 C。若 A、B、C 和 Q 共圓，且 BC = QC，求由 C 測得 P 的仰角。
（答案須準確至最接近的度。）
(a) Consider △PQS.

By the cosine formula,

SQ  32  132  2(3)(13) cos150 m
 15.7 m (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △PQR,
QR  PR2  PQ2 (Pyth. theorem)
 52  32 cm
 4 cm

In △PRS,

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Question Bank

RS  PS 2  PR2 (Pyth. theorem)

 132  52 cm
 12 cm

In △QRS,

4  12  15.670
Let s  cm
2
 15.835 cm
By the Heron’s formula,
Area of △QRS
 15.835 11.835 3.835 0.165 cm2
 10.9 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) In △QRS,
QR2  RS 2  (4 2  122 ) cm 2
 160 cm 2

SQ2  15.67 cm 2
 245.55 cm 2

∴ QR2 + RS2 ≠ SQ2

∴ QRS ≠ 90 (converse of Pyth. theorem)
∴ PRQ is not the angle between the planes PRS and QRS.

28. The figure shows a triangular prism. BC = BF = 8 cm, AB = 13 cm and

CBF = 40, find
(a) CAF,
(b) the angle between the line CA and the plane ABFE.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary)
圖中所示為一個三棱柱。其中 BC = BF = 8 cm，AB = 13 cm 及CBF =
40，求
(a) CAF；
(b) CA 與平面 ABFE 的交角。
(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △CAB,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

CA  CB 2  BA2 (P yth.theorem)
 82  132 cm
 233 cm

In △FBA,
FA  FB2  BA2 (P yth.theorem)
 82  132 cm
 233 cm

In △BCF,
by the cosine formula,
CF 2  [82  82  2(8)(8) cos 40] cm2
 (128  128 cos 40) cm2

In △CAF,
by the cosine formula,
CA 2  FA2  CF 2
cos CAF 
2(CA)( FA)
233 233 (128  128 cos 40)

2 233  233
CAF  20.7 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) Let M be a point on BF such that CM  BF.

In △CBM,
CM
sin 40 
8 cm
CM  8 sin 40 cm

In △CAM,
CM
sin CAM 
CA
8 sin 40

233
CAM  19.7 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between CA and the plane ABFE is 19.7.

29. In the figure, ABCDEFGH is a cuboid, where GH = 14 cm, HE = 8 cm

and DE = 4 cm. AC intersects BD at K. Find
(a) KG and GKH,
(b) the angle between the line KG and the plane EFGH,
(c) the angle between the planes KGH and EFGH.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figure if necessary)
在圖中，ABCDEFGH 是一個長方體，當中 GH = 14 cm，HE = 8 cm 及 DE = 4 cm。AC 與 BD 相交

181
Question Bank

於 K。求
(a) KG 和GKH；
(b) KG 與平面 EFGH 的交角；
(c) 平面 KGH 與 EFGH 的交角。
（如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △DBC,

BD  DC2  BC 2 (Pyth. theorem)

 82  142 cm
 260 cm

1
KB  DB
2
1
 260 cm
2
 65 cm

In △KBG,

KG  KB 2  BG2 (Pyth. theorem)

 65  16 cm
 9 cm

By symmetry, KH = KG = 9 cm
Consider △KGH.
By the cosine formula,
KG 2  KH 2  GH 2
cos GKH 
2 KG  KH
9 2  9 2  142

2(9)(9)
17

81
GKH  102 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) Let P be the intersection point of FH and EG.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

Then, KP is perpendicular to the plane EFGH.

In △KGP,
KP  DE
 4 cm
KG  9 cm (by (a))

4
∴ sin KGP 
9
KGP  26.4 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the line KG and plane EFGH is 26.4°.

(c) Let M be the mid-point of GH.

∵ KG = KH
∴ KM  GH
1
PM  EH
2
 4 cm
KP  4 cm
In △KPM,
KP
∴ tan KMP 
PM
1
KMP  45
∴ The angle between planes KGH and EFGH is 45.

30. The figure shows a tetrahedron VABC, where AB = AC = 26 cm,

VB = VC = 12.5 cm, VA = 18 cm and BC = 20 cm. M is the mid-point of
BC. Find
(a) VM and AM,
(b) the angle between the planes VBC and ABC,
(c) the value of the tetrahedron.

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Question Bank

(give your answer correct to 3 significant figures)

圖中所示為一個四面體 VABC，其中 AB = AC = 26 cm，
VB = VC = 12.5 cm，VA = 18 cm 及 BC = 20 cm。M 是 BC 的中點。求
(a) VM 和 AM；
(b) 平面 VBC 和 ABC 的交角；
(c) 四面體的體積。
(答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
1
(a) MC  BC
2
 10 cm
∵ VB = VC and BM = MC
∴ VM  MC

In △VMC,
VM  VC 2  MC2 (Pyth. theorem)
 (12.5)  10 cm
2 2

 7.5 cm

∵ AB = AC and BM = MC
∴ AM  MB
In △AMB,
AM  AB2  BM 2 (P yth.theorem)
 26  10 cm
2 2

 24 cm

(b) Consider △VMA.

By the cosine formula,
VM 2  MA2  VA2
cos VMA 
2(VM )( MA)
7.52  242  182

2(7.5)(24)
VMA  31.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between planes VBC and ABC is 31.1.

(c) Let VH be the height of the pyramid.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △VMH,
VH
sin VMA 
VM
VH
sin 31.102  cm
7.5
VH  (7.5 sin 31.102) cm
 3.8742cm

1
Area of △ABC   20  24 cm 2
2
 240 cm 2

∴ Volume of the tetrahedron

1
  240 3.8742cm 3
3
 310 cm 3 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

31. The figure shows a solid which is formed by cutting out the pyramid VABC
from a cuboid, where DE = 12 cm, EF = FG = 10 cm and EB = CG = 4 cm.
Find
(a) AC, AB and BC and leave the answers in surd form.
(b) the total surface area of the solid.
(c) the angle between the planes ABC and BEFGC correct to 1 decimal
place.
圖中所示為把一個長方體切出一個棱錐 VABC 後，所剩下的立體。當中 DE = 12 cm，EF = FG = 10 cm
及 EB = CG = 4 cm。求
(a) AC、AB 和 BC ，答案以根式表示。
(b) 該立體的表面積。
(c) 平面 ABC 和 BEFGC 的交角，答案須準確至一位小數。
(a) In △VAC,

AC  AV 2  VC 2 (Pyth. theorem)
 122  62 cm
 6 5 cm

In △VAB,

AB  AV 2  VB2 (Pyth. theorem)

 12  6 cm
2 2

 6 5 cm

In △VBC,

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Question Bank

BC  VB2  VC 2 (Pyth. theorem)

 6  6 cm
2 2

 6 2 cm

(4  10)  12 2
(b) Area of HGCA  cm
2
 84 cm 2
(4  10)  12 2
Area of ADEB  cm
2
 84 cm 2
 1 
Area of GCEF  10  10   6  6  cm 2
 2 
 82 cm 2

AB  BC  AC
Let s
2
6 5 6 5 6 2
 cm
2
 6 5  3 2 cm

 s ( s  6 5 )( s  6 5 )( s  6 2 ) cm 2

Area of △ABC  6 5  3 2 )(3 2 )(3 2) (6 5  3 2 ) cm 2

 [36(5)  9(2)](9(2)) cm 2
 54 cm 2
∴ Total surface area
 (84  84  82  1010  12 10  12 10  54) cm 2
 644 cm 2

(c) Let M be mid-point of BC.

∵ AB = AC and BM = MC
∴ AM  BC
In △ABC,
AM  AC 2  MC2 (Pyth. theorem)
 (6 5 )  (3 2 ) cm
2 2

 162 cm

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △AMV,
AV
sin AMV 
AM
12

162
AMV  70.529

∴ Angle between planes ABC and BEFGC

 180  70.529
 109.5 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

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Question Bank

Level 2 Questions
程度 2 題目

1. In the figure, PQRS is a quadrilateral. Diagonals PR and QS meet at T and QTR = .

在圖中，PQRS 是一個四邊形。對角線 PR 和 QS 相交於 T，而QTR = 。

1
(a) Show that the area of PQRS is ( PR)(QS ) sin .
2
(b) If PT : TR = 4 : 1, QT : TS = 3 : 1 and RST is an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm, find the area
of PQRS in surd form.
1
(a) 證明 PQRS 的面積為 ( PR)(QS ) sin 。
2
(b) 若 PT : TR = 4 : 1，QT : TS = 3 : 1 及 RST 是一個邊長為 10 cm 的等邊三角形 10 cm。求 PQRS
的面積，答案以根式表示。
(a) Area of PQRS
 area of △QTR + area of △PTQ +
area of △STP + area of △SRT
1 1
 (QT )( RT ) sin  ( PT )(QT ) sin(180   ) 
2 2
1 1
( ST )( PT ) sin  ( RT )( ST ) sin(180   )
2 2
1
 sin [(QT )( RT )  ( PT )(QT )  ( ST )( PT )
2
 ( RT )( ST )]
1
 sin [QT ( RT  PT )  ST ( PT  RT )]
2
1
 sin ( RT  PT )(QT  ST )
2
1
 ( PR)(QS ) sin
2

(b) ∵ △RST is an equilateral triangle.

∴ TS  TR  10 cm and STR  60

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

QTR  180  STR (adj. s on a st. line)

 120

∵ PT : TR = 4 : 1 and QT : TS = 3 : 1
∴ PT = 40 cm and QT = 30 cm
From (a),
area of PQRS
1 
  (40  10)(30  10) sin 120 cm 2
2 
1  
3 2
 (50)(40) cm
2  2 
 
 500 3 cm 2

2 In the figure, ABCD is a square of side 10 cm and diagonals AC and BD meet at K. The square is
folded along AC so that B takes up a new position B and the plane ABC is inclined at 30 to the plane
ADC.
在圖中，ABCD 是一個邊長 10 cm 的正方形，而對角線 AC 和 BD 相交於 K。把正方形沿 AC 摺
疊，使 B 到達位置 B，而平面 ABC 與平面 ADC 成 30角。求

Find
(a) BD,
(b) ∠BAD,
(c) the perpendicular distance of A from BD,
(d) the angle AB makes with the plane ADC.
(Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
(a) BD；
(b) ∠BAD；
(c) A 與 BD 的垂直距離；

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Question Bank

(d) AB 與平面 ADC 的交角。

(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) In △ABD,
BD  102  102 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 10 2 cm
∴ BK  KD  5 2 cm
∴ B' K  KD

 5 2 cm
∴ KB' D  KDB' (base s, isos. △)
In △ B' KD ,
180  30
KB' D  ( sum of △)
2
 75
By the sine formula,
B' D 5 2 cm

sin 30 sin75
5 2 sin30
B' D 
sin75
 3.66 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) In △ B' AD ,
by the cosine formula,
cos B' AD
102  102  3.66032

2(10)(10)

B' AD
 21.1 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) Consider △ B' AD .

Let F be a point on B' D such that
AF  B' D .
∵ AB'  AD and AF  B' D
∴ B' F  DF
3.6603cm

2
 1.8302cm

AF  102  1.83022 (Pyth.theorem)

 9.83 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The perpendicular distance of A from B' D is

9.83 cm.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(d) Let G be the perpendicular foot from B' to KD.

In △ B' KG ,
B' G
sin 30 
B' K
1 B' G

2 5 2 cm
5 2
B' G  cm
2

In △ B' AG ,
B' G
sin B ' AG 
B' A
5 2 
 
 2 
  
10
2

4
B ' AG  20.7 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)
∴ The angle AB' makes with the plane ADC is 20.7.

3. In the figure, the two triangular cardboards ABC and ABH intersect at
AB . The plane ABC is on the ground and H is vertically above C.
Given that AB = 10 cm, AC = 12 cm, HC = 6 3 cm, BAC = 150 and
BAH is obtuse angle, find
(a) the area of △ABC,
(b) the angle between planes ABC and ABH.
在圖中，兩塊三角紙板 ABC 和 ABH 相交於 AB。平面 ABC 位於地面上，而 H 則位於 C 點的
正上方。已知 AB = 10 cm，AC = 12 cm，HC = 6 3 cm，BAC = 150 及BAH 是鈍角，求
(c) △ABC 的面積；
(d) 平面 ABC 和 ABH 的交角。

(a) Area of △ABC   1 (10)(12) sin 150 cm2

2 

 30 cm 2

(b) Let CD is the altitude of △CAB.

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Question Bank

Consider the area of △ABC.

( AB)(CD )
 30 cm 2
2
10CD
 30 cm
2
CD  6 cm

In △HCD,

6 3
tan HDC 
6
HDC  60

∴ The angle between the planes ABC and ABH is 60.

4. If the figure, ABC is a triangle, ABHK, BCMN and CAPQ are squares drawn. If BC = a, CA = b,
AB = c, KP = x, HN = y and QM = z, show that x 2  y 2  z 2  3(a 2  b 2  c 2 ) .
在圖中，ABC 是一個三角形，ABHK、BCMN 和 CAPQ 是正方形。若 BC = a，CA = b，AB = c，
KP = x，HN = y 及 QM = z，證明 x 2  y 2  z 2  3(a 2  b 2  c 2 ) 。

In △ABC,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

BAC  360  90  90  KAP (s at a pt)

 180  KAP

∴ cosBAC  cos (180  KAP)

  cosKAP

In △ABC, by the cosine formula,

a 2  b 2  c 2  2bc cos BAC
b2  c2  a 2
cos BAC 
2bc

In △KAP, by the cosine formula,

x 2  b 2  c 2  2bc cos KAP
b2  c 2  x 2
cos KAP 
2bc

b2  c2  a 2  b2  c2  x2 
∴   

2bc  2bc 
b2  c2  a 2  b2  c2  x2
x 2  2b 2  2c 2  a 2

Similarly,
y 2  2c 2  2a 2  b 2
z 2  2a 2  2b 2  c 2
x 2  y 2  z 2  (2b 2  2c 2  a)  (2c 2  2a 2  b 2 ) 
(2a 2  2b 2  c) 2
 3(a 2  b 2  c 2 )

5. The figure shows a pyramid VABC with the base ABC lies on the horizontal ground. V is vertically
above A and P is the mid-point of VA. If AB = AC = 50 cm , BAC = 120 and ∠BVC = 90.
圖中所示為一個棱錐 VABC ，其底部 ABC 位於水平地面上。V 位於 A 的正上方，而 P 則是
VA 的中點。若 AB = AC = 50 cm ，BAC = 120 及∠BVC = 90，

Find
(a) VA.

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Question Bank

(b) ∠BPC
(c) the angle between the planes PBC and VBC.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)
求
(a) VA；
(b) ∠BPC；
(c) 平面 PBC 與 VBC 的交角。
(如有需要，取答案準確至三位有效數字。）
(a) Consider △ABC.
By the cosine formula,
BC  AB2  AC 2  2( AB)( AC) cos120

 1
 ( 50 ) 2  ( 50 ) 2  2( 50 )( 50 )   cm
 2
 150 cm

∵ △VAB  △VAC (SAS)

∴ VB = VC
In △VBC,
VB2  VC2  BC 2 (P yth. theorem)
2VB2  150 cm 2
VB2  75 cm 2

In △VBA,
VA2  AB2  VB2 (P yth.theorem)
VA  75  50 cm
 5 cm

VA
(b) AP 
2
 2.5 cm
In △ABP,
BP  BA2  AP2 (P yth. theorem)
 50  2.52 cm
 7.5 cm 2

∵ △BPA  △CPA (SAS)

∴ CP = BP
= 7.5 cm
Consider △BCP,
By the cosine formula,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

BP2  CP 2  BC 2
cos BPC 
2( BP)(CP)
7.52  7.52  ( 150) 2

2(7.5)(7.5)
BPC  109 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(b) Let M be the mid-point of BC.

∵ VB = VC, PB = PC
∴ VM  BC, PM  BC
BVM  CVM  45,
109.47
BPM  CPM   54.735
2

In △PMC,
CM
tan CPM 
PM
150
PM  2
tan 54.735
 4.3302cm

In △VMC,

CM
tan CVM 
VM
150
VM  tan 45 cm
2
150
 cm
2
 6.1237cm
Consider △PMV,

1
VP  VA
2
 2.5 cm
By the cosine formula,

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Question Bank

VM 2  PM 2  VP2
cos VMP 
2(VM )( PM )
6.12372  4.33022  2.52

2(6.1237)(4.3302)
VMP  19.5 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the planes PBC and VBC is 19.5.

6. In the figure, PQRSTU is a right triangular prism with ∠QPR = 90,

∠PQR = 60 and QR = x. V is a point on the edge RU such that the
∠VQR = 45.
(a) Express QV and VR in terms of x.
(b) Find PVQ correct to the nearest degree.
(c) Find the angle between planes PQV and PQR correct to the
nearest degree.
在圖中，PQRSTU 是一個直立三棱柱，其中∠QPR = 90，∠PQR = 60 及 QR = x。V 是 RU 上
的一點，使∠VQR = 45。
(a) 試以 x 表示 QV 和 VR。
(b) 求PVQ ，答案須準確至最接近的度。
(c) 求平面 PQV 與 PQR 的交角，答案須準確至最接近的度。

(a) In △QRV,

x
cos 45 
QV
x
QV 
cos 45
 2x

VR
tan 45 
x
x
VR 
tan 45
x

(b) In △PQR,

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

PQ
cos 60 
x
PQ  x cos 60
1
 x
2

PR
sin 60 
x
PR  x sin 60
3
 x
2

In △PRV,

PV 2  PR2  VR2 (Pyth. Theorem)

2
 3 
 x   x2
 2 
 
7
 x2
4
7
PV  x
2

In △PQV,

by the cosine formula,

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Question Bank

PQ2  PV 2  QV 2  2( PV )(QV ) cos PVQ

2
1 
2
 7 
 x   x   ( 2 x) 2 
2   2 
 
 7 
2 x ( 2 x) cos PVQ
 2 
 
1 7
  2  14 cos PVQ
4 4
7
cos PVQ 
2 14
PVQ  21 (cor. to nearest degree)

(c) In △PQV,
2
1   7 
2

PQ2  PV 2   x    x
 2   2 

 2x2
 QV 2

∴ QPV  90 (converse of Pyth. theorem)

In △VPR,

VR
sin VPR 
PV
x

 7 
 x
 2 
 
2

7
VPR  49 (cor. to the nearest degree)

∴ The angle between the planes PQV and PQR is 49.

7. In the figure, ABCDE is a triangular prism, where AB = 7 cm, BC = 10 cm,

AC = 9 cm and CF = 12 cm, AP  BC and PQ  AC . Find
(a) (i) the area of △ABC.
(ii) AP,
(b) the angle between the lime PD and the plane AB,
(c) (i) ∠PAC and PQ,
(ii) the angle between the line PD and the plane ACFD.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures)
在圖中， ABCDE 是一個三角棱柱，其中 AB = 7 cm，BC = 10 cm，AC = 9 cm 及 CF = 12 cm， 而
AP  BC 及 PQ  AC 。求

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

(a) (i) △ABC 的面積；

(ii) AP；
(b) PD 與平面 AB 的交角；
(c) (i) ∠PAC 和 PQ；
(ii) PD 與平面 ACFD 的交角。
（答案須準確至三位有效數字。）
AB  BC  CA
(a) (i) s
2
7  10  9
 cm
2
 13 cm

By Heron’s formula,
area of △ABC
 13(13  7)(13  10)(13  9) cm 2
 13  6  3  4 cm 2
 30.6 cm 2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

BC  AP
(ii) Area of △ABC 
2

10  AP
30.594 cm2  cm
2
AP  6.12 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(c) Let R be a point on EF such that DR  EF.

DR  AP
 6.1188cm
PR  CF
 12 cm
In △DRP,
DP  DR2  PR2 (P yth.theorem)
 6.11882  122 cm
 13.470 cm

Consider △APD.
By the cosine formula,

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Question Bank

6.11882  13.4702  122

cos DPA 
2(6.1188)(13.470)
DPA  63.0 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between line PD and the plane ABC 63.0

(c) (i) In △PAC,

AP
cos PAC 
AC
6.1188

9
PAC  47.2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

In △APQ,
PQ
sin PAQ 
AP
PQ
sin 47.167 
6.1188cm
PQ  6.1188sin 47.167
 4.49 cm (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

(ii) In △PQD,
PQ
sin PDQ 
DP
4.4872

13.470
PDQ  19.5 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

∴ The angle between the line PD and the plane

ACFD is 19.5.

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

Multiple Choice Questions

選擇題

1. Find the area of △PQR in the figure. 3. Find the area of △ABC in the figure.
求圖中△PQR 的面積。 求圖中△ABC 的面積。

A. 2.90 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) A. 2.2 cm2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)

B. 3.00 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) B. 3.0 cm2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
C. 8.44 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) C. 3.4 cm2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
D. 9.00 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) D. 7.9 cm2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
A C
PQ  QR  RP By the sine formula,
Let s
2
AC 3.6 cm
23 4 
 cm sin 37 sin 82
2
3.6sin 37
 4.5 cm AC  cm
sin 82
By Heron’s formula,  2.188cm

area of △ PQR A  180  37  82 (∠ sum of △)

 61

 4.5(4.5  2)(4.5  3)(4.5  4) cm2

∴ Area of △
 2.90 cm2 (cor. to 3 sig.fig.)

1
2
ABC   3.6  2.188 sin 61 cm2
2. In the figure, the area of △ABC is 3 m . 2
 3.4 cm2 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
AC =
在圖中，ACB = 30 及
△ABC 的面積為 3 m2。AC = 4. In the figure, ADB = 40, BDC = 60 and
A. 4 m. AB = a, then AC =
B. 3 m. 在圖中，ADB = 40，BDC = 60 及 AB =
C. 1.5 m. a。AC =
D. 0.5 m. a sin 40
A. .
B sin 60

Area of △ ABC 
1
AC (4 m) sin 30 a sin 40
B. .
2
sin 80
1
3 m 2  AC(4 m) sin 30
2 a sin 60
AC  3 m C. .
sin 40

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Question Bank

a sin 80 3 3
D. . A. cm
sin 40 sin 75
D 12
B. cm
BAC  BDC (∠s in the same segment) 3 sin 75
 60 C. 3 3 sin 75 cm
ACB  ADB (∠s in the same segment) 3 2
D. cm
 40 sin 75
In △ABC, A
ABC  180  BAC  ACB (∠ sum of △) PM  QM
 180  60  40 ∴ QPM  PQM (base∠s, isos. △)
 80  30

By the sine formula, In △PQM,

a AC
 PMR  PQM  QPM (ext. ∠ of △)
sin 40 sin 80
a sin 80  30  30
AC 
sin 40  60

PRM  180  60  45 (∠ sum of △)

5. In the figure, x =  75

在圖中，x = By the sine formula,

PQ sin 70 PR 6 cm
A. . 
sin 47 sin 60 sin 75
6 sin 60
PR  cm
PQ sin 63 sin 75
B. .
sin 47 
3 3
cm
sin 75
PQ sin 47
C. .
sin 70
PQ sin 47 7. In the figure, A = 90 and BDC is a straight
D. .
sin 63 CD
line. Find . 在圖
A BC
By the sine formula, 中，A = 90 及 BDC
PQ

x 是一條直線。求
sin 47 sin 70
PQ sin 70 CD
x 。
sin 47 BC
sin 
A.
6. In the figure, PM = QM = 6 cm, PQR = 30, sin  tan
MPR = 45 and QMR is a straight line. Find sin 
B.
PR. sin  sin 
在圖中， PM = QM = 6 cm， PQR = 30， sin  tan 
C.
MPR = 45 及 QMR 是一條直線。求 PR。 sin 

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

sin  sin  9 2  (3x) 2  (4 x) 2  2(3 x)(4 x) cos 

D.
sin  2
81  9 x 2  16x 2  24x 2  
3
C  25x  16x
2 2

Consider △ACD.  9x 2
By the sine formula, ∴ x3

AC CD

sin  sin 
AC sin 
9. In the figure, C is the mid-point of BD and
CD 
sin  ABD = 90. Then, sin  =
Consider △ABC. 在圖中，C 是 BD 的中點及ABD = 90。
CAB  90   sin  =
By the sine formula, 13
A. .
AC BC 23

sin  sin (90   )
26
AC sin (90   ) B. .
BC  13
sin 
AC cos  39
 C. .
sin 
13
CD sin  sin 
∴  39
BC sin  cos  D. .
sin tan  26

sin  D
Let AB = h.
2 In △ABC,
8. In the figure, if cos   , find x.
3 h
tan 30 
BC
2
在圖中，若 cos   ，求 x。 BC 
h
3 tan 30
 3h

∴ BD  2  BC
 2 3h

In △ABD,
A. 2 AB2  BD2  AD2 (P yth.theorem)
B. 3 AD  h 2  (2 3h) 2
C. 4  13h

D. 5 Consider △ACD.
B ACD  180  30 (adj.∠s on a st. line)
By the cosine formula,  150

By the sine formula,

203
Question Bank

13h 3h 2 34
 A.
sin150 sin  17
3
sin   sin150 2 17
13 B.
3 1
17
 
13 2 3 34
C.
39 17

26
3 17
D.
17
10. In the figure, AB = BC = 6 cm, BD = 5 cm, A
CD = 7 cm and △ABC is a straight line. Find, By the cosine formula,
to the nearest integer, the area of △ABD.
4 2  ( 17 ) 2  32
cos  
在圖中，AB = BC = 6 cm，BD = 5 cm，CD = 2(4)( 17)
7 cm 及△ABC 是一條直線。求△ABD 的 
3
17
面積，答案須準確至最接近的整數。
∵ cos > 0
∴  is an actue angle
2
 3 
sin   1   

 17 
8

A. 13 cm2 17
B. 14 cm2 
2 34
17
C. 15 cm2
D. 16 cm2
C 12. In the figure, PQRS is a square. M and N are
Consider △BCD. mid-points of PQ and QR respectively. Then
By the cosine formula, cos  =
在圖中，PQRS 是一個正方形，而 M 和 N
52  6 2  7 2
cos DBC 
2(5)(6) 分別為 PQ 和 QR 的中點，則 cos  =
1
 1
5 A. .
DBC  78.46 2
DBA  180  78.46 1
 101.54 (adj.∠sona st. line) B. .
4
1 3
Area of △ ABD  (5)(6) sin101.54 cm2 C. .
2 4
 15 cm2 (cor. to the nearest integer)
4
D. .
5
11. In the figure, find the value of sin .
在圖中，求 sin  的值。

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

D A
Let PS = 2a By the cosine formula,
Then PM = MQ = QN = a 22  32  42
cos QPR 
2(2)(3)
Join MN. 1

4
In △PMS, QPR  104.48
MS  PS 2  PM 2 (P yth.Theorem)
∴ SPR  180  40  104.48 (adj.s on a st.line)
 36 (cor. to the nearest degree)
 ( 2a ) 2  a 2
 5a ∴ The compass bearing of R from P is
Similarly, SN  5a S36E.

In △MNQ, 14. The compass bearing of A from B is N70W.

MN  MQ2  QN 2 (P yth.Theorem) Find the compass bearing of B from A.
 a2  a2 由 B 測得 A 的羅盤方位角是 N70W。求由
 2a A 測得 B 的羅盤方位角。
Consider △MNS. A. N70W
By the cosine formula, B. N20W
( 5a)2  ( 5a)2  ( 2 a)2 C. S70E
cos  
2( 5 a )( 5 a ) D. S20E
2
8a
 C
10a 2
4

5

13. In the figure, find the compass bearing of R

from P to the nearest degree.
在圖中，求由 P 測得 R 的羅盤方位角，答
案須準確至最接近的度。
DBA  CAB (alt.∠s, AC // BE )
 70

∴ The compass bearing of B from A is

S70E.

A. S36E
B. S54E
C. S40E
D. S50E

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Question Bank

15. In the figure, the true bearing of A from B is C

在圖中，由 B 測得 A 的真方位角是

By the sine formula,

sin 85 sin BCA

A. 030. 35 19
19 sin 85
B. 060. sin BCA 
35
C. 150. BCA  32.738

D. 210. ∴ BAC  180  85  32.738

B  62.262

∴ DAC  43  62.262

 105.3 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

∴ The true bearing of C from A is

105.3°.

17. In the figure, the compass bearing of Q from

CAO  AOE (alt. ∠s, EO // AC) R is
 30 在圖中，由 R 測得 Q 的羅盤方位角是
BAC  90  30 A. S77W.
 60
DBC  BAC
B. N77E.
 60 C. S52W.
∴ The true bearing of A from B is 060. D. N17E.
A
16. In the figure, the true bearing of C from A is
在圖中，由 A 測得 C 的真方位角是

A. 032.7. (correct to the nearest 0.1) QPS  TQP (alt.∠s, TQ // PS)

B. 062.3. (correct to the nearest 0.1)  25

C. 105.3. (correct to the nearest 0.1) RPS  URP (alt.∠s, UR // PS)

D. 115.3. (correct to the nearest 0.1)  51

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

∴ QPR  25  51 19. In the figure, find the true bearing of R from
 76 P to the nearest degree.
∵ PQ = PR 在圖中，求由 P 測得 R 的真方位角，答案
∴ ∠PQR =∠PRQ (base ∠s, isos. △) 須準確至最接近的度。

76  PQR  PRQ  180 (∠sum of △) A. 54

76  2PRQ  180 B. 66
PRQ  52
C. 225
D. 246
∴ URQ  51  52
 103 D
W RQ 180  103 By the cosine formula,
 77
212  322  262
cos QPR 
∴ The compass bearing of Q from R is 2(21)(32)
QPR  54.05
S77W.
∴ The true bearing of R from P
18. A building X is 4 km due south of park P and  300  54.05

another building Y is 6 km due west of P. Find  246 (cor. to the nearest degree)

the compass bearing of X from Y.

大廈 X 位於公園 P 正南方 4 km 處，而另一 20. In the figure, the true bearing of Q from P is
大廈 Y 則位於 P 正西方 6 km 處。求由 Y 測 060 and that of R from Q is 135. If PQ = 15
得 X 的羅盤方位角。 km and QR = 20 km, find the distance
A. S34.7E (correct to the nearest 0.1) between P and R correct to nearest km.
B. S34.7W (correct to the nearest 0.1) 在圖中，由 P 測得 Q 的真方位角是
C. N56.3W (correct to the nearest 0.1) 060 ， 而 由 Q 測 得 R 的 方 位 角 則 是
D. S56.3E (correct to the nearest 0.1) 135。若 PQ = 15 km 及 QR = 20 km，求 P
D 與 R 之間的距離，答案須準確至最接近的
km。
A. 7 km
B. 25 km
C. 28 km
D. 32 km
4
tan XYP 
C
6
XYP  33.6
∴ ZYX  90  33.69
 56.3 (cor. to the nearest 0.1)

∴ The compass bearing of X from Y is

S56.3E.

PQS  TPQ (alt.∠s, TP // QS)

 60

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Question Bank

BCEF, correct to the nearest degree.

SQR  180  135 (adj.∠s on a st. line)
 45 在圖中，ABCDEF 是一個直立三棱柱。求
∴ PQR  60  45 AB 與平面 BCEF 的交角，答案須準確至最
 105
接近的度。
By the cosine formula,
PR  [152  202  2(15)(20) cos105] cm
 28 km (cor. to the nearest km)

∴ The distance between P and R is 28

km. A. 45
B. 53
21. In the figure, ABCDEF is a right triangular C. 67
prism. Find the angle between AB and plane D. 72
D. 8 km
D B
In △BCE,
BE  52  122 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 13 cm

In △BDE,
DE  202  132 cm (Pyth.theorem)
 231 cm ∵ Q is southeast from P.
In △ABC, ∴ ∠SQP = 45
∵ R is due east of Q.
231
tan ABF 
5 ∴ ∠SQR = 90
ABF  72 (cor. to the nearest degree)
PQR  90  45
∴ The angle between AB and plane  135

BCEF is 72. By the cosine formula,

PR  [52  82  2(5)(8) cos135] km
22. In the figure, Q is southeast from P and R is  12 km (cor. to the nearest km)

due east of Q. If PQ = 5 km and QR = 8 km, ∴ The distance between P and R is 12

find the distance between P and R correct to km.
the nearest km.
在圖中， Q 位於 P 的東南方，而 R 則位 23. In the figure, ABCDEF is a right triangular
於 Q 的正東方。若 PQ = 5 km 及 QR = 8 prism. Find, correct to the nearest 0.1, the
km，求 P 與 R 之間的距離，答案須準確 angle between planes ABEF and ACDF.
至最接近的 km。 在圖中，ABCDEF 是一個正三棱柱。求平面
A. 13 km ABEF 與 ACDF 的交角，答案須準確至最接
B. 12 km 近的 0.1°。
C. 9 km

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

A. 40.1 1
∴ ED  CD
B. 59.1 2
 2 2 cm
C. 80.8
D. 90.0 In △BED,
B BE  42  (2 2 ) 2 cm (P yth.Theorem)
Consider △ABC.  8 cm
By the cosine formula,  2 2 cm

152  232  202 In △ABE,

cos BAC 
2(15)(23) 6
BAC  59.1 (cor. to the nearest 0.1) tan AEB 
2 2
AEB  65 (cor. to the nearest degree)
∴ The angle between planes ABEF and
ACDF is 59.1.
∴ The angle between planes ACD
24. In the figure, ABC is a tetrahedron, ABC = and BCD is 65.
ABD = CBD = 90, AB = 6 cm and BC =
BD = 4 cm. Find, correct to the nearest degree, 25. In the figure, BXY is a straight line, X and Y are
the angle between planes ACD and BCD. d km apart. The angle of elevation from C and
在 圖中 ， ABC 是一個四 面體 ， ABC = D to the top of the building AB are  and 
ABD = CBD = 90，AB = 6 cm 及 BC = respectively. Find the height of the building.
BD = 4 cm。求平面 ACD 與 BCD 的交角， 在圖中，BXY 是一條直線， X 和 Y 相距 d
答案須準確至最接近的度。 km。由 C 和 D 測得大廈 AB 頂部的仰角分
別為 和 。求大廈 AB 的高度。

d sin (   )
A. km
A. 65 sin  sin 
B. 56 d sin  sin 
B. km
C. 45 sin (   )
D. 35 d cos  sin 
C. km
A sin (   )
Let BE be the altitude of △BCD. d sin  cos 
D. km
In △BCD, sin (   )

CD  4 2  4 2 cm (Pyth. Theorem) B
 4 2 cm In △ABX,
∵ △BCD is an isosceles triangle.

209
Question Bank

AB
sin  
In △PGH,
AX
AB 8
AX  tan HPG 
sin  10
HPG  39 (cor. to the nearest degree)
In △AYX,
YAX     (ext.∠ of △) ∴ The angle between PH and plane
By the sine formula, ABGF is 39.
d km AX

sin (   ) sin  27. In the figure, ABCD is a vertical rectangular
AB
 km wall with CD lies in east-west direction. O is
sin  sin 
d sin  sin  due south of C. If the angle of elevation A and
AB  km
sin (   )
B from O are 30 and 45 respectively, then
sin DOC =
26. In the figure, ABCDEFGH is a cuboid. P is a 在圖中，ABCD 是一道長方形的牆，其中
point on AF such that AP : PF = 1 : 2. Find CD 向着東西方向。O 位於 C 的正南方。
the angle between PH and plane ABGF, 若由 O 測得 A 和 B 的仰角分別為 30 和
correct to the nearest degree. 45，則 sin  DOC =
在圖中， ABCDEFGH 是一個長方體。P 是 2
A. .
位於 AF 上的一點，使 AP : PF = 1 : 2。求 2
PH 與平面 ABGF 的交角，答案須準確至最 3
B. .
接近的度。 2
6
C. .
3
2 3
D.
3
C
Let AD = h
A. 39 In △ADO,
B. 51 AD
tan 30 
DO
C. 59 h

D. 63 DO
h
A DO 
tan 30
∵ AP : PF = 1 : 2  3h
2 In △BCO,
∴ PF  12  cm
3
 8 cm BC
tan 45 
CO
In △PGF, h

PG  PF 2  FG2 (P yth.Theorem) CO
h
 82  62 cm CO 
tan 45
 10 cm h

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 9 More about Trigonometry (II)

In △CDO, sin 60 

AF
AE
DC  DO2  CO 2 (P yth.theorem) h

 (3h) 2  h 2 AE
h
 2h AE 
sin 60
DC 2h
sin DOC  
DO 3
2h AF
 tan 60 
3h FE
AF

6 FE 
3 tan 60
h

3

28. In the figure, ABCDEFGH is a rectangular In △CHE,

block, where AEF = 60 and CEH = 45. CH
sin 45 
CE
Find cos AEC. h

在圖中， ABCDEFGH 是一個長方體形木 CE
h
塊，其中AEF = 60 及CEH = 45。求 CE 
sin 45
cos AEC。  2h

CH
tan 45 
EH
h

EH
EH  h tan 45
h

In △ACD,
2
 h 
AC     h2
 (P yth.theorem)
 3 
2 2h
A. 
6 3

3 Consider △AEC.
B.
6 By the cosine formula,
6 AE2  CE 2  AC 2
C. cos AEC 
4 2 AE  CE
2 2
 2h   2h 
6    
 3   ( 2 h)   3 
2
D.
3    
 2h 
C 2  2h

 3
Let ED = h 3

AF = CH = h 2 2
6
In △AEF, 
4

211
Question Bank

212