Operator’s

Manual
AP034 Active
Differential Probe
AP034 Active Differential Probe
Operator’s Manual
May 2013
© 2013 Teledyne LeCroy, Inc. All rights reserved.
Unauthorized duplication of Teledyne LeCroy documentation materials other than for internal sales
and distribution purposes is strictly prohibited. However, clients are encouraged to distribute and
duplicate Teledyne LeCroy documentation for their own internal educational purposes.
WaveSurfer, WaveRunner, and Teledyne LeCroy are registered trademarks of Teledyne LeCroy, Inc.
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Other product or brand names are
trademarks or requested trademarks of their respective holders. Information in this publication
supersedes all earlier versions. Specifications are subject to change without notice.

Warranty
Teledyne LeCroy warrants this oscilloscope accessory for normal use and operation within
specification for a period of one year from the date of shipment. Spare parts, replacement parts and
repairs are warranted for 90 days.
In exercising its warranty, Teledyne LeCroy, at its option, will either repair or replace any assembly
returned within its warranty period to the Customer Service Department or an authorized service
center. However, this will be done only if the product is determined by Teledyne LeCroy’s
examination to be defective due to workmanship or materials, and the defect is not caused by
misuse, neglect, accident, abnormal conditions of operation, or damage resulting from attempted
repair or modifications by a non-authorized service facility.
The customer will be responsible for the transportation and insurance charges for the return of
products to the service facility. Teledyne LeCroy will return all products under warranty with
transportation charges prepaid.
This warranty replaces all other warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to any
implied warranty of merchantability, fitness or adequacy for any particular purposes or use.
Teledyne LeCroy shall not be liable for any special, incidental, or consequential damages, whether in
contract or otherwise.

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 Operator’s Manual

Table of Contents
Safety Instructions............................................................................................... 1
Symbols .................................................................................................................. 1
Precautions............................................................................................................. 1
Operating Environment.......................................................................................... 2
Overview ............................................................................................................ 3
Description ............................................................................................................. 3
Applications ............................................................................................................ 3
Standard Accessories ............................................................................................. 4
Optional Accessories .............................................................................................. 4
Oscilloscope Software Compatibility...................................................................... 4
Specifications ...................................................................................................... 5
Operation ........................................................................................................... 8
Connecting the Probe to the Test Instrument ....................................................... 8
Connecting the Probe to the Test Circuit ............................................................... 8
Probe Input Loading ............................................................................................. 10
Grounding the Probe ............................................................................................ 10
Selecting the Proper Range .................................................................................. 11
Operation with Teledyne LeCroy Oscilloscopes ................................................... 12
Using AP034 with the APPPS Power Supply ......................................................... 12
Adding Offset........................................................................................................ 14
Autobalance ......................................................................................................... 15
Designing Test Fixtures for the AP034 Probe ....................................................... 15
Maintenance ..................................................................................................... 16
Cleaning ................................................................................................................ 16
Calibration Interval ............................................................................................... 16
Service Strategy .................................................................................................... 16
Troubleshooting ................................................................................................ 17
Returning a Probe ............................................................................................. 19
Replacement Parts ............................................................................................ 20

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Matching Procedure for ÷10 Plugs ...................................................................... 22
Equipment Required.............................................................................................22
Procedure .............................................................................................................23
Performance Verification ................................................................................... 25
Test Equipment Required .....................................................................................25
Preliminary Procedure ..........................................................................................27
Procedure .............................................................................................................27
Adjustment Procedure ....................................................................................... 34
Introduction ..........................................................................................................34
Test Equipment Required .....................................................................................35
Preliminary Procedure ..........................................................................................37
Procedure .............................................................................................................38
Reference Information ....................................................................................... 47
Differential Mode and Common Mode ................................................................47
Differential Mode Range and Common Mode Range ..........................................47
Common Mode Rejection Ratio ...........................................................................48
Certifications ........................................................................................................49
Contact Teledyne LeCroy .................................................................................... 52

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Safety Instructions
This section contains instructions that must be observed to keep this oscilloscope accessory
operating in a correct and safe condition. You are required to follow generally accepted safety
procedures in addition to the precautions specified in this section. The overall safety of any system
incorporating this accessory is the responsibility of the assembler of the system.

Symbols
These symbols may appear on the probe body or in this manual to alert you to important safety
considerations.
HIGH VOLTAGE, risk of electric shock.

CAUTION of Potential damage to probe or instrument it is connected to, or

WARNING of potential bodily injury. Attend to the accompanying
information to protect against personal injury or damage. Do not proceed
until conditions are fully understood and met.

ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD) HAZARD. The probe is susceptible to

damage if anti-static measures are not taken.

DOUBLE INSULATION

PROTECTIVE (EARTH) TERMINAL

Precautions
To avoid personal injury, or damage to the probe or test instrument, comply with the following
safety precautions.
Use product only as specified.
Connect and disconnect properly. Connect probe to the measurement instrument before
connecting the test leads to a circuit/signal being tested.
Use only accessories compatible with the probe. Use only accessories that are rated for the
application. Ensure connections between probe input leads and probe accessories are secure
before connecting them to a voltage source.

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Do not overload. To avoid electric shock, do not apply any potential that exceeds the maximum
rating of the probe and/or the probe accessory, whichever is less. Observe all terminal ratings of
the instrument before connecting the probe.
Be careful not to damage the insulation surface when making measurements.
Use only within operational environment listed. Do not use in wet or explosive atmospheres.
Keep product surfaces clean and dry. Use indoors only.
Handle with care. Probe accessory tips are sharp. They can puncture skin or cause other bodily
injury if not handled properly.
Keep fingers behind the finger guard of the probe accessories.
Do not operate with suspected failures. Before each use, inspect the probe and accessories for any
damage such as tears or other defects in the probe body, cable jacket, accessories, etc. If any part
is damaged, cease operation immediately and sequester the probe from inadvertent use.

Operating Environment
Only use the product within this operating environment:
Temperature: 0° to 50° C
Humidity: Maximum relative humidity 90 % for temperatures up to 31° C decreasing linearly to
50% relative humidity at 40° C
Altitude: Up to 10,000 ft (3,048 m)

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Overview
Description
The AP034 is a wide band differential active probe. The probe features low noise, low input
capacitance, high common mode rejection, and FET-buffered inputs in the probe head. User
selectable attenuation and offset give the probe flexibility to measure a large range of signal
amplitudes. Plug-on attenuator and AC coupling accessories further extend the application range.
Interconnect accessories included allow connection to surface mount and through-hole
components with minimal signal degradation. The input receptacles in the probe head are
compatible with standard 0.025 in. (0.635 mm) square pins. This provides a convenient low cost
method of creating device characterization test fixtures.
The probe is powered directly from a Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscope through the ProBus® interface.
The ProBus interface also allows local control of the probe through the oscilloscope user interface
and remote control through the interface buses, (GPIB, RS-232). The optional ADPPS power supply
allows the AP034 to be used with other instruments such as spectrum analyzers, network
analyzers, and oscilloscopes without ProBus interface.

Applications
The AP034 is ideal for acquiring high speed differential signals such as those found in disk drive
read channels, differential LAN, video, etc. It can also be used with spectrum analyzers to acquire
signals in some RF systems (for example, balanced IF mixers in hand held cellular telephones). The
high impedance characteristics of both inputs allow the probe to be used as a FET probe to make
single-ended measurements in digital systems without introducing a ground loop, as a conventional
FET probe would.

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Standard Accessories
Hard Case
÷10 Plug-on Attenuator
÷20 Plug-on Attenuator
Plug-on AC Coupler
Probe Connection Accessory Kit:
Flex Lead Set (1)
Mini Clip, 0.8 mm (3)
Mini Clip, 0.5 mm (2)
Ground Lead (1)
Offset Pins, Round (4)
Square Pin Header Strip (1)
Manual, AP034 Active Differential Probe Operator’s Manual

Optional Accessories
ADPPS Power Supply

Oscilloscope Software Compatibility

For full control functionality of the probe, Teledyne LeCroy LC series oscilloscopes must have
software version 8.1.0 or higher loaded; all X-Stream oscilloscopes are compatible. The software
version installed in a Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscope can be verified by pressing the SHOW STATUS
button on the front panel (where available), then selecting the System menu choice. The probe can
be used with earlier versions of software; however, probe offset can only be controlled through the
buttons on the probe body. Also, the scale factor will be displayed incorrectly in some modes.
For information on upgrading the software in your oscilloscope, see
teledynelecroy.com/support/softwaredownload, or contact your local Teledyne LeCroy
representative.

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Specifications
Nominal Characteristics
Nominal characteristics describe parameters and attributes that have are guaranteed by design,
but do not have associated tolerances.

Input Configuration: True Differential (+ and – Inputs); with shield Ground connector.

Effective Gain1: X1, ÷10, ÷20

Input Coupling: DC. AC Coupling obtained by installing AC Coupling Adapter.

Differential Mode Range: ±400 mV (÷1 Attenuation)

±4 V (÷10 Attenuation)
±8 V (÷100 Attenuation)

Common Mode Range: ±16 V (÷1 Attenuation)

±42 V (÷10 Attenuation)
±42 V (÷20 Attenuation)

Maximum Input Voltage: ±42 V either input from Ground

Warranted Electrical Characteristics

Warranted characteristics are parameters with guaranteed performance. Unless otherwise noted,
tests are provided in the Performance Verification Procedure for all warranted specifications.

LF Gain Accuracy: 2% into 50 Ωload2, measured at 1 kHz

Common Mode Rejection Ratio3 (Probe head grounded, DC coupled attenuator):

70 Hz ≥ (80 dB)
1 MHz ≥ (40 dB)
250 MHz ≥ (25 dB)
1
÷10 and ÷20 obtained with external plug-on attenuators
2
Output impedance is 50 Ω, intended to drive 50 Ω. Add uncertainty of termination impedance to accuracy.
3
Teledyne LeCroy measures CMRR with a fixture that connects the probe tip ground to the signal source
ground. This method is necessary to obtain a reproducible CMRR measurement. Often, users leave the probe
tip ungrounded when measuring high frequency signals. Not grounding the probe tip can actually improve
CMRR by allowing some of the common mode signal to be impressed across the entire length of the probe
cable instead of from probe tip to probe ground. The CMRR improvement obtained without grounding the

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AP034 Active Differential Probe
probe tip depends on proximity to probe cable ground, and is therefore non-reproducible. Teledyne LeCroy
has chosen to use a reproducible method of measurement, rather than obtain a more optimistic
measurement.
Typical Electrical Characteristics
Typical characteristics are parameters with no guaranteed performance. Tests for typical
characteristics are not provided in the Performance Verification Procedure.

Bandwidth, probe only (-3 dB): DC to 1 GHz

Output Zero: < 3 mV within 30 minutes of autobalance

Residual Autobalance Offset: ≤ 100 μV referred to input with X1 effective gain

Differential Offset Range: ≥1.6 V (÷1 Attenuation)

≥ 16 V (÷10 Attenuation)
≥ 42 V (÷20 Attenuation)

CMRR: See Figure 1.

Input Resistance (each side to Ground): 1 M_

Input Capacitance (between inputs): < 0.85 pF (See Figure 2.)

Input Capacitance (each side to Ground): < 1.5 pF (See Figure 2.)

Noise (referred to input, 10 to 1000 MHz): 35 nV/√Hz (÷1 Attenuation)

350 nV/√Hz (÷10 Attenuation)
700 nV/√Hz (÷20 Attenuation)

Output Impedance: 50 Ω nominal intended to drive 50 Ω

Harmonic Distortion (3rdorder distortion): –60 dB below fundamental (200 mVp-p output at 100 MHz)
(3rd order intercept): +20 dBm (at 100 MHz at output)

AC Coupling LF Cutoff (-3 dB): 16 Hz (using plug-on AC Coupler)

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Figure 1, Typical CMRR Graphs

General Characteristics
Temperature: 0° to 50° C Operating
-40° to 75° C Storage
Input Connectors: Compatible with 0.025” (0.635 mm) square pins.
0.036” (0.91 mm) maximum diameter (for round pins)
Power Requirements: Powered from oscilloscope through ProBus interface
or with ADPPS power supply.

Dimensions
Control Housing: Length: 3.625 in (9.2 cm)
Width: 1.50 in (3.8 cm)
Height: 1.00 in (2.5 cm)
Head: Length: 4.0 in (10.1 cm) w/o Attenuator or AC Coupler
Width: 2.25 in (2.25 cm)
Height: 0.625 in (1.6 cm)
Cable: Length: 42 in (106 cm)
Diameter: 0.275 in (7.0 mm)
Weight: Probe only: 6.4 oz (0.18 kg)
Shipping: 2 lbs, 8.4 oz (1.15 kg)

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Operation
CAUTION: The input circuits in the AP034 incorporate components that protect the probe
from damage resulting from electrostatic discharge (ESD). Keep in mind that this is an active probe,
and it should be handled carefully to avoid damage. When using the AP034, you are advised to take
precautions against potential instrument damage due to ESD.

Connecting the Probe to the Test Instrument

When you are using the AP034 Active Differential Probe with a Teledyne LeCroy Oscilloscope
equipped with ProBus, attach the probe output connector to the oscilloscope input connector. The
oscilloscope will recognize the probe, set the oscilloscope input termination to 50Ω, and activate
the probe control functions in the user interface.
To use the AP034 Active Differential Probe with instrumentation not equipped with a ProBus
interface, it is necessary to use the ADPPS Power Supply. Attach the ADPPS connector to the probe
output connector. The output connector of the ADPPS is a standard male BNC that can be directly
connected to another instrument. If necessary, the output of the ADPPS can be interconnected
with a 50 Ω coaxial cable. To minimize the effect of skin loss, this cable should be 1 m or less in
length. The AP034 Active Differential Probe is designed to drive a 50 Ω load. The gain will be
uncalibrated if the output is not correctly terminated. If you are using the probe with an instrument
with a high input impedance, place a 50 instrument input before attaching the ADPPS.

Connecting the Probe to the Test Circuit

At the probe tip, two inputs and a ground connection are available for connecting the probe to a
circuit under test. For accurate measurements, both the + and – inputs must always be connected
to the test circuit. The ground connection is optional. Positive voltages applied to the + input
relative to the – input will deflect the oscilloscope trace toward the top of the screen.
To maintain the high performance capability of the probe in measurement applications, user care
in connecting the probe to the test circuit. Increasing the parasitic capacitance or inductance in the
input paths may introduce a “ring,” or slow the rise time of fast signals. To minimize these effects,
use the shortest length possible when connecting the probe to the circuit under test. Input leads
that form a large loop area (even shielded coaxial cables) will pick up any radiated magnetic field
that passes through the loop, and may induce noise in the probe inputs. Because this signal will
appear as a differential mode signal, the probe’s common mode rejection will not remove it. You
can greatly reduce this effect by using short interconnection leads, and twisting them together to
minimize the loop area.

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High common mode rejection requires precise matching of the relative gain or attenuation in the +
and – input signal paths. Mismatches in additional parasitic capacitance, inductance, delay, and a
source impedance difference between the + and – signal paths will lower the common mode
rejection ratio. Therefore, it is desirable to use the same length and type of wire and connectors for
both input connections. When possible, try to connect the inputs to points in the circuit with
approximately the same source impedance.
If AC coupling is desired, install the AC coupling accessory on the probe tip before connecting it to
the test circuit. The low-frequency cutoff (–3 dB point) of the AC coupler is approximately 16 Hz.
If the voltage in the test circuit exceeds the probe’s capability, add the external ÷10 or ÷20
attenuator* to the probe tip. If both the external attenuator and AC coupler are used, install the
attenuator on the probe tip first, then install the AC coupler on the attenuator input.

CAUTION: The external attenuators are precisely adjusted during manufacturing to match the
characteristics of the input of the probe with which they were shipped. The input characteristics of
the external attenuator itself do not exactly match those of the probe. Therefore, using the ÷10
and ÷20 attenuators at the same time is not recommended. The scale factor encoding system will
not operate correctly with both attenuators installed simultaneously.
The input characteristics of the AP034 1 GHz Active Differential Probe are significantly different
than those of the AP033 500 MHz Active Differential Probe. The external attenuators are not
interchangeable. The external attenuators currently supplied with the probes are labeled with the
appropriate model number. The attenuators supplied with model AP033 probes prior to the
introduction of the AP034 did not include the model number on the label. When using an external
attenuator with the AP034 Active Differential Probe, make sure it is labeled “AP034.”
Interchanging non-compatible attenuators will not damage the probes; however, the transient
response of the measured signals will be significantly in error.
In addition to being compatible with the included lead set, the probe input connectors will mate
with standard 0.025 in. (0.635 mm) square pins in any rotational orientation. To avoid damaging
the input connectors, do not attempt to insert connectors or wire larger than 0.036 in. (0.91 mm) in
diameter. Avoid rotating square pins after they are inserted into the input connectors.
The included accessories simplify the task of connecting the probe to the test circuit:
 Use the small (0.5 mm) mini clips with the flexible lead set when connecting to fine-pitch
surface mount IC leads.
 Use the larger (0.8 mm) mini clips to connect to through-hole leaded components.
 Use the offset round pins for hand-held probing applications. Reposition the pins by
rotating them to obtain the required spacing.
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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Probe Input Loading

Attaching any probe to a test circuit will add some loading. In most applications, the high
impedance of the AP034 Active Differential Probe inputs imparts an insignificant load to the test
circuit. However at very high frequencies, the capacitive reactance of the probe’s input capacitance
may load the circuit enough to affect measurement accuracy. The equivalent model of the probe
input circuits is shown below:

Figure 2, AP034 Equivalent Input Model

Grounding the Probe

The single lead along with one of the larger (0.8 mm) mini clips can be used to ground the probe to
the test circuit. Insert the pin end of the lead into the receptacle marked:

CAUTION: Do not use the attenuator encoding receptacle (unmarked socket near the – input)
to ground the probe. Connection to the encoding receptacle will not provide adequate grounding
and may result in an incorrect effective gain indication.
In many cases it is not necessary to ground the probe to the circuit under test. However, if the test
circuit is isolated from earth ground, it is usually necessary to connect the probe ground to a point
in the circuit. Grounding test circuits that are referenced to earth ground may improve the fidelity
of high frequency components in the waveforms. The potential for improvement with grounding
will vary depending on the common mode source impedance. However, connecting the probe
ground to a circuit that is referenced to earth ground can create a ground loop that may add noise
to low amplitude signals. The rejection of high frequency common mode signals is improved when
the probe head is ungrounded.
The best recommendation for connecting or not connecting the probe ground is to try both
configurations and select the one that performs the best.

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NOTE The AP034 Active Differential Probe transmits the measured signal differentially through the
probe cable. This essentially eliminates signal degradation from ground loop effects within the
probe. However, creating a ground loop may introduce signal distortions in the test circuit itself, or
in any coaxial cable between the ADPPS power supply and the test instrument.

Selecting the Proper Range

The AP034 Active Differential Probe has a fixed gain of X1 (unity). Use of the ÷10 or ÷20 external
attenuators reduces the amplitude of the input signal when it is necessary to extend the dynamic
operating range of the probe. Attenuating the input signal increases both the differential mode
range and common mode range of the probe. Refer to the block diagram below.

Figure 3 AP034 Block Diagram

By using the plug-on attenuator, you can extend the attenuation range to ÷20. Do not use the ÷10
and ÷20 plug-on attenuators simultaneously. The maximum ranges are given in the following table:

Table 1. AP034 Dynamic ranges and input capacitance at different attenuator settings

÷1 Attenuation ÷10 ÷100

(Probe Only) Attenuation Attenuation

Common Mode Range •±16 V ±42 V • ±42 V

Differential Mode Range* •±400 mV • ±4 V • ±8 V

*Offset moves the center point of this range.

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When using a differential probe or amplifier, be careful to avoid exceeding the common mode
range. Because the common mode signal is rejected by the differential probe, and is not displayed,
changes in the amplitude of the common mode component are not apparent to the user.
Exceeding the common mode range may introduce distortion into the AP034 output.
Circuitry in the probe detects the presence of either attenuator, and displays the effective gain of
the probe on the probe front panel.

Operation with Teledyne LeCroy Oscilloscopes

When the AP034 probe is connected to a Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscope equipped with ProBus
interface, the displayed scale factor will be adjusted to account for the effective gain of the probe.
The channel OFFSET knob will control the probe offset, rather than the offset at the oscilloscope
input. The probe control menu can be activated by pressing the COUPLING button (if available)
while the channel to which the probe is attached is selected.
When the AP034 Active Differential Probe is first connected to the oscilloscope, the following
message will appear: “WARNING: Probe offset buttons are locked.” This alerts you that offset
control must be made through the oscilloscope, rather than through the buttons located on the
probe. It does not indicate a failure in the probe or oscilloscope.
NOTE: Correct display of scale factor with the ÷20 attenuator installed and correct operation of
probe offset require that software version 8.1 or higher be loaded. Refer to “Oscilloscope Software
Compatibility” for additional information.

Using AP034 with the APPPS Power Supply

The optional ADPPS Power Supply allows the AP034 Active Differential Probe to be used with
instruments that are not equipped with the ProBus interface. When used with the ADPPS, the
AP034 must be terminated into 50Ω . If the test instrument input impedance is not 50Ω insert a
50Ω in-line terminator between the ADPPS and the instrument input. If a coaxial extension cable is
used, the terminator should be located at the instrument end of the cable. Note that the additional
parasitic losses of extension cables may reduce the usable bandwidth of the system below the
AP034 specification.
To prevent signal distortion, it is necessary to keep the AP034 output less than 400 mV at all times.
With the ProBus interface (see note on following page), the oscilloscope OFFSET control actually
controls the AP034 offset. Without the ProBus, it is acceptable to use the oscilloscope to position
the waveform at high sensitivities, but it is a practice that can lead to erroneous measurements
when the probe output exceeds ±400 mV. Therefore, when the ADPPS is used, it is preferable to
use the AP034 offset function to perform all waveform positioning.

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The AP034 offset allows you to measure signals up to 2.0 V (1.6 V of offset plus 400 mV of output
signal). With accessory plug-on attenuators, the effective offset is increased, and input signal 0f
20V (÷10) or 40 V (÷20) may be view ed. The peak signal that can be viewed at any equivalent scale
factor is the Input Differential Mode Range plus the offset used. See Adding Offset on the following
page.
When using the AP034 with the ADPPS power supply on oscilloscopes without ProBus interface,
use the following table to select the desired effective volts per division and determine the offset
available.
Table 2, Recommended settings to obtain desired equivalent Volts/Division
Input Maximum Input
Common
Equivalent Oscilloscope AP034 Differential Max Observable Noise
Mode
Scale Factor Scale Factor Attenuation Mode Offset Signal with (nV/√Hz)
Range
Range Offset Typical
2
2 mV/Div 2 mV/Div ÷1 ± 16V ± 8 mV ± 1.6 V ± 1.608 V 35
2
5 mV/Div 5 mV/Div ÷1 ± 16 V ± 20 mV ± 1.6 V ± 1.620 V 35
2
10 mV/Div 10 mV/Div ÷1 ± 16 V ± 40 mV ± 1.6 V ± 1.640 V 35
2
20 mV/Div 20 mV/Div ÷1 ± 16 V ± 80 mV ± 1.6 V ± 1.680 V 35
2
50 mV/Div 50 mV/Div ÷1 ± 16 V ± 200 mV ± 1.6 V ± 1.800 V 35
3
100 mV/Div 100 mV/Div ÷1 ± 16 V ± 400 mV ± 1.6 V ± 2.0 V 35
2
200 mV/Div 20 mV/Div ÷101 ± 42 V ± 800 mV ± 16 V ± 16.8 V 350
2
500 mV/Div 50 mV/Div ÷101 ± 42 V ±2V ± 16 V ± 18 V 350
3
1 V/Div 100 mV/Div ÷101 ± 42 V ±4V ± 16 V ± 20 V 350
3
2 V/Div 100 mV/Div ÷201 ± 42 V ±8V ± 32 V ± 40 V 700

1 Attenuation obtained using the external ÷10 or ÷20 attenuator.

2 Input differential mode range displayed is limited by±4 divisions of vertical scale on oscilloscope.
3Limited by probe output and ±4 divisions of vertical scale on oscilloscope. Oscilloscope OFFSET and
POSITION must be set to zero..

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Adding Offset
When the AP034 Active Differential Probe is used with a Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscope equipped
with ProBus interface, the probe offset can be controlled with the channel OFFSET knob. The
buttons on the probe housing will be disabled.
When used with the ADPPS Power Supply on instruments that lack ProBus support, offset can be
controlled with the buttons on the probe’s front panel. The offset can be returned to zero at any
time by briefly pressing both the  and  OFFSET buttons at the same time. Pressing both the  and
 OFFSET buttons for more than 2 seconds will initiate an Autobalance cycle.

Figure 4, Effect of Differential Offset

When the AP034 is used with a Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscope equipped with a ProBus interface and
software versions 7.6.0 to 8.0.0, the probe offset must be controlled through either the Probe
Offset menu selection in the COUPLING screen, or the buttons on the probe body. The channel
OFFSET control does not change the probe offset and, therefore, should not be used.
When used with the ADPPS Power Supply on instruments that lack ProBus support, offset can be
controlled with the buttons on the front panel. The offset can be returned to zero at any time by
briefly pressing the ↑ and ↓ OFFSET buttons at the same time. Pressing and holding the ↑ and
↓ OFFSET buttons for more than two seconds will initiate an Autobalance cycle.

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NOTE: Probe offset is controlled with the channel OFFSET knob in oscilloscope firmware versions
8.1.0 or higher (including X-Stream firmware). The current offset value is displayed above the
graticule for a few seconds after a change is made by turning the knob. In prior software versions,
the channel OFFSET knob adjusted the offset of the oscilloscope input rather than the probe offset.
When the AP034 Active Differential Probe is used with Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscopes with older
software versions, it is important that the channel offset (controlled by the channel OFFSET knob)
remain set to 0.0000 V. Moving the displayed waveform with the channel offset rather than probe
offset will not re-center the dynamic operating range of the probe. Offsetting the trace with the
oscilloscope channel offset introduces the possibility of erroneous waveforms that result from
overloading the probe.

Autobalance
The AP034 Active Differential Probe incorporates an Autobalance function to remove the DC offset
from the output. Autobalance must be invoked by you. When power is first applied, the probe will
return to the internal values resulting from the last Autobalance cycle. For Autobalance to function
properly, all signals must be removed from the input.
After several minutes of warmup, or when the probe is exposed to a large shift in ambient
temperature, some DC offset drift may occur from thermal effects in the amplifier circuitry. To
initiate an Autobalance cycle, remove the probe from the test circuit and select the AUTOBALANCE
menu selection in the oscilloscope “COUPLING” menu for the channel the probe is connected to. If
the probe is being used with the ADPPS power supply, remove the input signal, then push and hold
both OFFSET buttons for two seconds. The AP034 must be terminated into 50Ω for successful
Autobalance.
Upon successful completion of the Autobalance cycle, all three of the EFFECTIVE GAIN indicators
will be briefly illuminated. If an input signal is present during auto balance and the routine fails, the
EFFECTIVE GAIN indicators will not illuminate. The probe will then revert to the offset values
resulting from the last. successful completion of the Autobalance cycle. In many situations, this will
be adequate to make routine measurements.

Designing Test Fixtures for the AP034 Probe

Often it is desirable to connect the probe directly to user fabricated test fixtures, such as those
used for semiconductor characterization. To facilitate use with custom test fixtures, the input
receptacles of the AP034 probe are compatible with commercially available 0.025 in. (0.635 mm)
square pins. The receptacles do not require a specific rotational alignment for the square pin. The
dimensions listed below can be used as a layout guide for a test fixture circuit board. The
recommended insertion depth of the pins is 0.100 in. (2.5 mm) to 0.200 in. (5.0 mm).

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Figure 5, Layout Dimensions for Test Fixtures

Maintenance
This probe is a high quality, precision instrument. To maintain accuracy and signal fidelity,
mechanical shock should be avoided, as well as damage to the cable through excessive bending.
To achieve the small 2.5 mm tip size, the input tip diameter is narrower than those in larger probes.
Avoid placing excessive force sideways on the tip. Should the tip become damaged, it may be
replaced. Other maintenance and component replacement should be referred to qualified
personnel.

Cleaning
The outside of the probe should cleaned with a soft cloth dampened with either deionized /
distilled water or isopropyl alcohol. Allow the surface to dry completely before returning the probe
to service. Never immerse the probe in any liquid.

Calibration Interval
To guarantee accurate performance, you should have the probe calibrated every 12 months. Avoid
exposing the probe to extreme mechanical shock and excessive bending of the cable because these
may alter the calibration.

Service Strategy
The AP034 circuits utilize fine pitch surface mount devices; it is, therefore, impractical to attempt
component-level repair in the field. Defective probes must be returned to a Teledyne LeCroy

16 922261-00 Rev A
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service facility for diagnosis and exchange. A defective probe under warranty will be replaced with
a factory refurbished probe. A probe that is not under warranty can be exchanged for a factory
refurbished probe. A modest fee is charged for this service. The defective probe must be returned
in order to receive credit for the probe core.

Troubleshooting
If the probe is not operating properly the problem may be the way in which it is used. Before
assuming the probe is defective, perform the following troubleshooting procedures.

A. Trace Off Scale

This is typically caused by improper offset setting, or by an input signal that exceeds the probe
differential or common mode range.
1. Remove the input signal from the probe, return the offset to zero, and Autobalance the probe.
Does the trace return to approximately the center of the graticule? If not, proceed to step 7.
2. Set the oscilloscope calibrator to output a 100-mV 1-kHz square wave. Using the flex lead set,
connect the probe + input to the calibrator output signal, leave the – input open. Set the
oscilloscope to 50 mV/div and 500 s/div. Is the displayed waveform a 100-mV 1-kHz square
wave with the correct polarity?
3. Repeat step 2 with the – input connected to the calibrator and the + input left open. In this
case, the displayed waveform should be inverted.
4. Connect both the + input and – input to the calibrator output. Is the trace approximately a
flat line near zero volts?
5. If steps 1 to 4 give the correct results, the problem is likely a result of the input signal exceeding
the differential or common mode range.
6. Connect both the + input and – input to one of the two input signals. If the trace is off scale,
the input signal is probably exceeding the common mode range. Repeat with the other input
signal.
7. Is a ProBus Power Supply Overload error message displayed? If so, remove all other ProBus
accessories from the oscilloscope. Is the message still displayed? If so, remove the AP034. Is the
message still displayed? If so, the oscilloscope should be returned for service.
8. If, after removing the AP034, the Power Supply Overload error message is not displayed, the
problem may be either the probe or the oscilloscope. Repeat the test with a different ProBus
accessory. If the message does not return with a different accessory, the AP034 may be
defective and should be returned for service.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

B. Incorrect Frequency Response

Possible causes are a defective probe or oscilloscope, poor connections, or poor grounding.
1. Verify that the BW limiting of the oscilloscope is off.
2. Connect the probe to another oscilloscope. If the probe now measures properly, the problem
may be in the oscilloscope.
3. If the probe behaves as if it is ac-coupled at high frequency, check for an open input
connection.
4. Poor frequency or transient response and AC gain errors may result when one of the two input
connections is open.
5. Excessive “ring” and other transient problems can result from excessive input lead length. To
test this, shorten the input leads to less than 1 cm. If the transient response changes
significantly, the lead parasitics are the cause.

C. DC Errors
Incorrect DC gain requires recalibration or factory repair. This can be determined by completing the
gain checks in the Performance Verification Procedure.
1. Extremely high source resistance will result in DC gain errors. Check the probe accuracy with
the oscilloscope calibrator signal.
2. Verify that the probe is not being overdriven into clipping for its current gain setting.
3. Excessive offset can result from large changes in ambient temperature. Remove the input
signal from the probe and repeat the Autobalance cycle. With the Offset set to zero, did the
trace return to the center of the graticule?

D. Poor Common Mode Rejection

Use the 1-kHz calibrator signal from the oscilloscope to check common mode rejection. With both
the + input and – input connected to the calibrator signal, a flat line at zero volts should be seen on
the graticule.
1. Check the probe with the plug-on attenuator installed and removed. If excessive common
mode signal appears only when the attenuator is present, the attenuator may need to be
rematched to the probe. Use the procedure listed in this section to match the attenuator.
2. If the common mode signal appears when the probe is connected to the test circuit, but not
when it is attached to the calibrator, the problem may be caused by large mismatches in the
source impedance. Try connecting both inputs to one of the input signals in the test circuit,
then the other. If the common mode signal disappears, try probing lower impedance points
within the circuit.
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Returning a Probe
Return a probe for calibration or service by contacting your local Teledyne LeCroy sales
representative. They tell you where to return the product. All returned products should be
identified by both model and serial number. Provide your name and contact number, and a
description of the defect or failure (if possible).
Products returned to the factory require a Return Material Authorization (RMA) acquired by
contacting your nearest Teledyne LeCroy sales office, representative or the North America
Customer Care Center.
Return shipment should be prepaid. Teledyne LeCroy cannot accept COD or Collect Return
shipments. We recommend air-freighting.
1. Contact your local Teledyne LeCroy sales or service representative to obtain a Return Material
Authorization.
2. Remove all accessories from the probe. Do not include the manual.
3. Pack the probe in its case, surrounded by the original packing material (or equivalent) and box.
4. Label the case with a tag containing
 The RMA
 Name and address of the owner
 Probe model and serial number
 Description of failure
5. Package the probe case in a cardboard shipping box with adequate padding to avoid damage
in transit.
6. Mark the outside of the box with the shipping address given to you by the Teledyne LeCroy
representative; be sure to add the following:
 ATTN: <RMA assigned by the Teledyne LeCroy representative>
 FRAGILE
7. Insure the item for the replacement cost of the probe.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe
8. If returning a probe to a different country, also:
 Mark shipments returned for service as a “Return of US manufactured goods for
warranty repair/recalibration.”
 If there is a cost involved in the service, put the service cost in the value column and
the replacement value of the probe in the body of the invoice marked “For insurance
purposes only.”
 Be very specific as to the reason for shipment. Duties may have to be paid on the value
of the service.

Replacement Parts
The probe connection accessories, and other common parts can be ordered through the regional
customer care centers. Refer to Table 3 for Teledyne LeCroy part numbers. Defective probes can be
replaced on an exchange basis. The replacement exchange probe will have been factory repaired,
inspected and calibrated to the same standards as a new product. In order to obtain an exchange
probe, you must return the defective probe. The returned probe should be sent back to the
regional customer care center without any accessories, manual, or case.

Figure 6, Replaceable Parts

20 922261-00 Rev A
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Table 3, Replaceable Part Numbers
Teledyne LeCroy
Reference Description Rev Qty.
Part Number
1 529-304-001 Plastic probe tip housing Top A 1
2 377-000-007 Teledyne LeCroy AP034 Probe Tip Label A 1
3 529-304-003 Plastic probe tip housing End A 1
4 529-304-002 Plastic probe tip housing Bottom A 1
5 555-001-000 #2 Allen Screw, Black A 1
6 554-425-003 Screw, M 2.5x6, self tapping A 4
7 709-3XX-P53 ProBus End Cap A 1
8 70A-P03-303 Termination Box A 1
Teledyne LeCroy Termination Box Label
9 337-000-018 A 1
with cutouts
10 416-090-004 Grey Switch Cap A 4
Teledyne LeCroy Termination Box Rear
11 377-000-008 A 1
Label
Accessory Kit, AP034 without AC Coupler
12 PK033 A 1
and Attenuator
13 AP03X-FLEX-LEAD Flex Lead B 1
14 AP03X-OFFSET-PIN Offset Pin, package of 10 B --
-- AP034-PROBE-FRU AP034 Probe only Exchange A --
-- AP034-DA10 Plug-On Attenuator, ÷10, AP034 A 1
-- AP034-DA20 Plug-On Attenuator, ÷20, AP034 A 1
-- AP03X-AC-COUPLER Plug-On AC Coupler, AP033/AP034 B 1
-- 922261-00 Operator’s Manual, AP034, English A 1

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Matching Procedure for ÷10 Plugs

The ÷10 and ÷20 Plug-on attenuators provided as standard accessories with the AP034 are
calibrated to match the specific probe they are shipped with. Individual probes will have small
variations in parasitic capacitance within the input circuits. To obtain maximum common mode
rejection performance, the attenuators are calibrated to match a specific probe during the
manufacturing process. In order to preserve the maximum Common Mode Rejection, do not
interchange external attenuators between probes.
The Plug-on AC coupling adapter is not matched to a specific probe and, therefore, does not need
to be matched when interchanged. If the ÷10 or ÷20 Plug-on attenuators become accidentally
mixed between probes, you can use the procedure listed below to restore the compensation
match. This adjustment does not affect any of the parameters in the warranted specifications.
Therefore, the required test equipment does not need to be calibrated.
NOTE: The AP033 and AP034 Active Differential Probes have different input capacitance. The 10
Plug-on attenuator supplied with model AP033 cannot be properly adjusted for use with model
AP034. Make sure that the attenuator is marked “AP034” before attempting this procedure.

Equipment Required
Test Oscilloscope
The oscilloscope must support ProBus. Otherwise use a non- ProBus oscilloscope and ADPPS
power supply.

Signal Source
Low frequency square wave: Frequency 50 Hz to 5 kHz, Amplitude 1 V to 10 V. The output
waveform must have a square corner and flat top with minimum overshoot suitable for adjusting
compensation. The generator should have trigger output, or use a BNC Tee connector and separate
BNC cable from the output to provide the trigger signal for the test oscilloscope.

Interconnect Cable
This is for connecting the output of the signal source to the probe. A BNC cable and a pair of small
alligator clips or “lead grabber” adapter (Pomona #3788) may be used. 0.025 in. (0.635 mm)
Square Pins (3 required). The pins from the header supplied in the probe accessory kit are suitable.

Tools
Flat bladed screwdriver, 0.040 in. (1 mm) wide
Adjustment Tool: 0.025 in. (0.635 mm) square head

22 922261-00 Rev A
 Operator’s Manual

Note: You can fabricate the Adjustment Tool by flattening the end of a 0.025 in. (0.635 mm)
square pin with a file. Insert the pin into a short length of rigid plastic tubing to serve as a handle.

Procedure
1. Attach the AP034 to the test oscilloscope. If the test oscilloscope is not equipped with ProBus,
use the ADPPS to provide power for the AP034.
2. Attach the ÷or ÷Attenuator Adapter to the AP034 probe tip.
3. Insert 0.025 in. (0.635 mm) square pins into the +, –, and input connectors of the Plug-on
Attenuator.
4. Attach the interconnect cable to the output of the signal source.
5. Attach the Trigger Out signal from the signal source to the External Trigger Input of the test
oscilloscope. If the signal source does not have a separate Trigger Out signal, use a BNC Tee
connector in the output. Run one cable to the External Trigger Input of the test oscilloscope.
Connect the other to the probe inputs.
6. Using the alligator clips on the end of the interconnect cable, connect the signal source ground
to the square pin on the Attenuator Adapter’s “–“ input. Attach the signal output to the square
pin on the Attenuator Adapter’s “+” input.
7. Turn on the test oscilloscope. The EFFECTIVE GAIN indicator for ÷10 or ÷20 should be lit. (NOTE:
If the X1 EFFECTIVE GAIN indicator is lit instead of the ÷10 or ÷20 indicator, make sure that the
plug-on adapter installed on the probe tip is the Attenuator, and not the AC Coupler.)
8. Set the test oscilloscope Volts/Div to 200 mV (for Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscopes with ProBus)
or 20 mV/Div when using the ADPPS with an oscilloscope without scale factor correction; 5
μs/Div; AUTO trigger mode; Trigger source: External. Set the Bandwidth Limiting to 20–30 MHz
and Average the waveform 1:31 to reduce noise.
9. Turn on the signal source. Set the output frequency to approximately 5 kHz. Set the output
amplitude to approximately 1 V for matching the ÷10 Attenuator Adapter, or 2 V for matching
the ÷20 Attenuator Adapter.
10. Adjust the test oscilloscope trigger level for a stable trace. If necessary, use the probe offset to
position the waveform to show the square corner of the test signal.
NOTE: Do not use the oscilloscope offset or position controls to reposition the trace. Many of the
signal generators used for compensation calibration only have square corners on one of the two
edges of the output waveform. (Rising or falling edge, but not both.) Be sure to display the correct
edge for this step.

922261-00 Rev A 23
AP034 Active Differential Probe
11. Using the square adjustment tool, adjust the +LF Comp (See Figure 7) to achieve the best
square corner and flat top of the displayed waveform. Note that the added capacitance of the
adjustment tool may change the compensation of the waveform when it is inserted. The
correct adjustment is achieved when the best corner is displayed with the adjustment tool
removed

.
Figure 7, ÷10 Attenuator Adjustment Locations
12. Move the connections on the interconnect cable so the signal generator ground is connected to
the square pin inserted in the ground connector of the Attenuator Adapter. Connect the signal
generator output to BOTH the + input and – input square pins in the Attenuator Adapter.
13. Set the signal generator frequency to about 50 Hz, and the output amplitude to about 10 V.
14. Set the test oscilloscope Volts/Div to 20 mV (for Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscopes with ProBus) or
2 mV/Div when using the ADPPS with an oscilloscope without scale factor correction; and set
the time scale to 2 ms/Div. It may be necessary to increase the averaging to 1:127 to remove
noise.
15. The displayed waveform is the common mode response. Using the adjustment screwdriver
with the flat blade, adjust the DC Atten. Balance (Figure 7) to minimize the amplitude of the flat
portions of the displayed waveform. This adjustment only affects the flat portions of the square
wave. Do not be concerned with any overshoot at the transitions.
16. Reduce the Test Oscilloscope Averaging weighting to 1:31. Return the Volts/Div to 200 mV (for
Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscopes with ProBus) or 20 mV/Div when using the ADPPS with an
oscilloscope without scale factor correction, and the Time/Div to 5 s.
17. Return the signal source output frequency to approximately 5 kHz. Set the output amplitude to
approximately 1 V for the ÷10 Attenuator Adapter, 2 V for the ÷20 Attenuator Adapter.
18. Using the 0.025 in. square adjustment tool, adjust the –LF Comp (Figure 7) to minimize the
amplitude of overshoot possible to completely eliminate the overshoot. As with the +LF Comp
adjustment, the added capacitance of the adjustment tool may change the amplitude of the
waveform when it is inserted. The correct adjustment is achieved when the overshoot is
minimized with the adjustment tool removed.
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 Operator’s Manual

Performance Verification
This procedure can be used to verify the warranted characteristics of the AP034 Active Differential
Probe. You can do the performance verification without removing the instrument covers and
exposing yourself to hazardous voltages.
Adjustment should only be attempted if a parameter measured in the Performance Verification
Procedure is outside of the specified limits. Adjustment should only be performed by qualified
personnel.
The recommended calibration interval for the model AP034 Active Differential Probe is one year.
The complete performance verification procedure should be performed as the first step of annual
calibration. You can record test results on a photocopy of the Test Record at the end of this
section.

Test Equipment Required

Table 4 lists the test equipment and accessories (or their equivalents) that are required for
performance verification of the AP034 Active Differential Probe.
This procedure has been developed to minimize the number of calibrated test instruments
required. Only the parameters listed in boldface in the “Minimum Requirements” column must be
calibrated to the accuracy indicated.
Because the input and output connector types may vary on different brands and models of test
instruments, additional adapters or cables may be required.

922261-00 Rev A 25
AP034 Active Differential Probe
Table 4, Performance Verification Test Equipment
Description Minimum Requirements Test Equipment Examples
1
Wide Band Oscilloscope Minimum 1 GHz bandwidth Teledyne LeCroy LC584A
2 mV to 5 V scale factors ProBus
interface equipped
2% vertical accuracy
Digital Multimeter DC: 0.1% accuracy Agilent Technologies 34401A
AC: 0.2% accuracy to measure 200 Fluke 8842A-09
mV and 2 V rms @ 1 kHz 5½ digit
Keithley 2001
resolution
Function Generator Sine Wave and Square Wave output Agilent Technologies 33120A
waveforms
Stanford Research Model DS340
20 Vp-p into 1 MΩ
Leader LAG-120B
70 Hz to 10 MHz frequency range
High Frequency Sine Wave 50 to 500 MHz and 50 kHz Agilent Technologies 8648C
Generator Output adjustable from 300 mV to2
Vp-p
Terminator, in-line, BNC 50 Ω ±2% coaxial termination Pomona 4119-50
Terminator, precision, BNC 50 Ω ±0.2% Teledyne LeCroy TERM-CF01
Attenuator, BNC 50 Ω ±2%, ÷10 (20 dB) Pomona 4108-20dB
BNC coaxial cable (2 required) male-male BNC, 50 Ω, 36 in. Pomona 5697-36
Calibration Fixture ProBus Extension Cable Teledyne LeCroy PROBUS-CF01
Calibration Fixture AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture Teledyne LeCroy AP03x-CF01
Banana Plug adapter BNC female-to-banana plug Pomona 1269

NOTE:1 If a Teledyne LeCroy ProBus equipped oscilloscope is not available, you may use an
alternate oscilloscope that meets the other minimum specifications listed, and the model ADPPS
power supply, to perform the performance verification procedure. The input termination of the
alternate oscilloscope must be set to 50 Ω and the offset or position must remain at center screen.

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 Operator’s Manual

Preliminary Procedure
1. Connect the AP034 Active Differential Probe to the female end of the ProBus Extension Cable.
Connect the male end of the ProBus extension cable to Channel 1 of the oscilloscope.
2. Turn the oscilloscope on and allow at least a 30- minutes warm-up time for the AP034 and test
equipment before performing the Verification Procedure.
3. Turn on the other test equipment and allow these to warm up for the time recommended by
the manufacturer.
4. While the instruments are reaching operating temperature, make a photocopy of the
Performance Verification Test Record (located at the end of this section), and fill in the
necessary information.
The warranted characteristics of the AP034 Active Differential Probe are valid at any temperature
within the Environmental Characteristics listed in the Specifications. However, some of the other
test equipment used to verify the performance may have environmental limitations required to
meet the accuracy needed for the procedure. Make sure that the ambient conditions meet the
requirements of all the test instruments used in this procedure.

Procedure
NOTE: Correct operation of the AP034 controls requires oscilloscope software version 8.1.0 or
higher. The use of earlier versions is not recommended. You can verify the software version in the
test oscilloscope by pressing the SHOW STATUS button, then selecting the System menu option.
Contact your local Teledyne LeCroy representative if the software in your oscilloscope requires
updating.

A. Check Gain Accuracy

1. From the oscilloscope display, select the channel that the AP034 is connected to (channel 1),
then select the “Coupling” menu. Set the Coupling to DC 1 MΩ. (If the only choice available is
AC 1 MΩ, remove the Plug-on AC Coupling adapter from the probe tip.)
2. If necessary, set the probe offset to 0.000 V by rotating the OFFSET knob in the CHANNEL
section of the oscilloscope.
3. Using a BNC female-to-female adapter, connect one end of a BNC cable to the probe end of the
ProBus Extension Cable. Connect the Precision 50Ω Terminator to the other end of the BNC
cable.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe
4. Connect one end of a second BNC cable to the output of the Function Generator. Attach the
BNC-to-dual-male banana plug adapter to the free end of the second BNC cable. Connect the
banana plugs to the Digital Multimeter (DMM).
5. Set the DMM to measure AC Volts.
6. Set the mode of the Function Generator to Sine Wave; the frequency to approximately 1 kHz;
and the output amplitude to approximately 200 mV rms, as measured by the DMM.
7. Record the measured amplitude to 100 μV resolution in the Test Record.
8. Unplug the output cable from the DMM. Remove the BNC-to banana plug adapter from the
end of the cable.
9. Autobalance the AP034 by pressing the AUTOBALANCE menu button located in the “Coupling”
menu.
10. Carefully align the four pins that correspond to the Differential Drive No Termination portion
of the AP03x- CF01 Calibration Fixture with the input receptacles in the AP034 probe head.
Press the probe into the fixture to fully engage the pins.
11. Connect the banana plugs of the precision terminator to the digital multimeter (DMM)
12. Connect the free end of the output cable from the Function Generator to the Differential Drive
No Termination connector of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture.
13. After the DMM reading has stabilized, record the measured output amplitude to 100 μV
resolution in the Test Record.
14. Divide the measured output voltage (recorded in step A-13) by the sine wave generator output
voltage (probe input voltage) from step A-7. Subtract 1.0 from the ratio and multiply the result
by 100 to get the error in percent.

15. Record the answer to two significant places (±x.xx%) on line A-15 in the Test Record.
16. Verify that the X1 gain error is less than ±2%.
17. Disconnect both BNC cables from the test setup.

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B. Check High Frequency Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)

NOTE: Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) is defined as the Differential Mode Gain divided by
the Common Mode Gain (normalized inverse of the Common Mode response). At frequencies
below approximately 250 MHz, the bandwidth related attenuation in the AP034 Active Differential
Probe is so insignificant that the Differential Mode Gain can be assumed to be unity (1.0).
1. Disconnect the ProBus Extension cable from the AP034 and the oscilloscope. Reconnect the
AP034 directly to the Channel 1 input of the oscilloscope.
2. Carefully move the AP034 probe head from the Differential Drive No Termination connector of
the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture to the Common Mode Drive 50 ohm Termination
connector. Make sure that the probe is fully engaged in the fixture.
3. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 1. In the oscilloscope Channel 1 “COUPLING” menu, set
Coupling to DC 1 MΩ, and Global BWL to Off. Autobalance the AP034 by pressing the
AUTOBALANCE menu button twice. Set the oscilloscope trigger mode to AUTO.
4. If necessary, center the trace with the Probe Offset (channel OFFSET knob).
5. Connect a BNC cable from the output of the high frequency sine wave generator to the Channel
2 input of the oscilloscope.
6. Set the oscilloscope as follows:
Display Channel 2 only
Channel 2 VOLTS/DIV 0.5 V/div
Channel 2 Coupling DC 50Ω
Trigger on 2
Trigger coupling 2 HF
TIME/DIV 5 ns/div
Acquisition Mode NORMAL
7. Set the high-frequency sine wave generator frequency to 100 MHz, and the amplitude to
approximately 2 Vp-p. Set the RF Output to ON.
8. Adjust the oscilloscope trigger level as needed for a stable display.
9. Adjust the output amplitude of the high frequency sine wave generator for a display of exactly
4 divisions (2 V) peak-topeak. Turn off the RF Output.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe
10. Move the high frequency sine wave generator output cable from the oscilloscope channel 2
input to the Common Mode Drive 50 ohm Termination connector of the AP033/AP034
Calibration Fixture.
11. Set the high-frequency sine wave generator RF Output to ON.
12. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 1 only, set the trigger source to channel 1, and set the
channel 1 vertical scale factor as needed to measure the amplitude of the displayed waveform.
Adjust the trigger level as necessary for a stable display. This is the common mode signal. Turn
on Math Channel A. Press MATH SETUP, then REDEFINE A. Set the A Math type to Average, Avg
Type to Continuous, with 1:15 weighting, of channel 1. Turn off the trace 1 display.
NOTE: The amplitude of the Common Mode signal should be relatively small. If the output
waveform appears to be a 1 Volt square wave, check that the Common Mode Drive 50 ohm
Termination connector of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture is being used and not the
Differential Drive 50 ohm Termination connector.
13. Measure the peak-to-peak output amplitude of the AP034. Record the reading to two-digit
resolution (xx mV) as “Common Mode Signal at 100 MHz” in the Test Record.
14. Calculate the Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) at 100 MHz by dividing 2,000 mV by the
measured Common Mode Signal recorded in step B-14 (direct reciprocal of the Common Mode
Gain). Record the result to two-digit resolution (xx:1) in the Test Record.
15. Verify that the CMRR at 100 MHz is greater than 18:1 (25 dB).
16. Turn off the high frequency sine wave generator RF output, and disconnect the output cables.

C. Check Low Frequency CMRR

NOTE: Because greater amplitudes are required to measure the higher CMRR specifications at low
frequencies, the Function Generator will be used in place of the high-frequency sine wave
generator for the low frequency CMRR test.
1. Carefully move the AP034 probe head from the Common Mode Drive 50 ohm Termination
connector of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture to the Common Mode Drive No Termination
connector. Make that sure the probe is fully engaged in the fixture.
2. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 2, the channel 2 input coupling to DC1 MΩ, the channel
2 vertical scale to 5 Volt/div, the horizontal scale to 5 ms/div, and the trigger source to channel
2. Set BW limiting on channels 1 and 2 to 25 MHz.
3. Connect the BNC Tee adapter to the output connector of the Function Generator. Connect a
BNC cable from one end of the BNC Tee adapter to channel 2 of the oscilloscope. Connect a

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 Operator’s Manual
second BNC cable from the remaining end of the BNC Tee adapter to the Common Mode Drive
No Termination input connector of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture.

CAUTION: Make sure that the Common Mode Drive No Termination connection is used.
Prolonged application of the power levels used in the low frequency common mode test may
damage the termination resistance in either 50 ohm Termination input of the AP033/AP034
calibration fixture.
4. Set the sine wave generator frequency to 70 Hz, and the output amplitude to 20 Vp-p, (4
divisions on the oscilloscope). If necessary, adjust the trigger level for a stable display.
5. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 1, but leave the trigger source set to channel 2. Set the
vertical scale of channel 1 to 2 mV/div. Create a math waveform on channel A defined as the
Average of channel 1. Set the average factor as necessary to reduce noise. Increase the zoom
to a factor of four (0.5 mV/division). Turn off the waveform display of all channels except the A
Math waveform.
6. Increase the zoom of the A Math waveform as needed to measure the peak-to-peak amplitude.
This is the common mode signal.
7. Record the displayed “Common Mode Signal at 70 Hz” to two-digit resolution (x.xx mV) in the
Test Record.
8. Calculate the Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) at 70 Hz by dividing 20 000 mV by the
measured Common Mode Signal recorded in step C-7 (direct reciprocal of the Common Mode
Gain). Record the result to two-digit resolution (xx 000:1) in the Test Record.
9. Verify that the “Common Mode Rejection Ratio at 70 Hz” is greater than 10 000:1 (80 dB).
10. Change the output amplitude of the Function Generator to approximately 8.0 Vp-p, and the
frequency to 1 MHz.
11. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 2 only. Change the horizontal scale factor to 0.5 s/div,
and the channel 2 vertical scale to 2 V/div. Turn the BWL on channels 1 and 2 to 200 MHz.
12. Adjust oscilloscope trigger level as necessary for a stable display. Adjust the Function Generator
amplitude as needed to maintain 8.0 Vp-p as measured on channel 2.
13. Turn off the oscilloscope channel 2 display, turn on the display of channel 1 and the A Math
waveform (averaged channel 1). Adjust the scale factor of channel 1 and the Zoom of the A
Math waveform as necessary to accurately measure the amplitude of the averaged signal.
14. Record the displayed “Common Mode Signal at 1 MHz” to two-digit resolution in the Test
Record.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe
15. Calculate the “Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) at 1 MHz” by dividing 8000 mV by the
measured Common Mode Signal recorded in step C-14. Record the result in the Test Record.
16. Verify that the Common Mode Rejection Ratio at 1 MHz is greater than 100:1 (40 dB).
17. Remove all cables and test fixtures from the AP034 probe. This completes the Performance
Verification of the AP034. Complete and file the results recorded in the AP034 Performance
Verification Test Record, as required by your quality procedures. Apply a suitable calibration
label to the AP034 housing as required.

AP034 Performance Verification Test Record

This record can be used to record the results of measurements made during the performance
verification of the AP034 Active Differential Probe.
Photocopy the next page and record the results on the copy. File the completed record as required
by applicable internal quality procedures.
The section in the test record corresponds to the parameters tested in the performance verification
procedure. The numbers preceding the individual data records correspond to the steps in the
procedure that require the recording of data. Results to be recorded in the column labeled “Test
Result” are the actual specification limit check. The test limits are included in all of these steps.
Other measurements and the results of intermediate calculations that support the limit check are
to be recorded in the column labeled “Intermediate Results.”
Permission is granted to reproduce these pages for the purpose of recording test results.

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AP034
Model:
Serial Number:
Asset or Tracking Number:
Date:
Technician:

CALIBRATION
MODEL SERIAL NUMBER
DUE DATE
OSCILLOSCOPE
DIGITAL MULTIMETER
LEVELED SINE WAVE GENERATOR

HF SINE WAVE GENERATOR

1
FUNCTION GENERATOR N/A

1 The
function generator provides stimulus for making relative measurements. The output amplitude of the generator is
measured with the DMM or oscilloscope in the procedure. Thus, the generator is not required to be calibrated.

Step Description Intermediate Data Test Result

Gain Accuracy

A-7 Sine Wave Generator Output Voltage ________________ mV

A-13 Probe Output Voltage ________________ mV

A-15 Gain Error (Test Limit ≥ ±2%) _________________ %

High Frequency Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)

B-13 Common Mode Signal at 100 MHz ________________ mV

B-15 CMRR at 100 MHz (Test Limit ≥ 18:1) _________________ :1

Low Frequency Common Mode Rejection Ratio

C-7 Common Mode Signal at 70 Hz ________________ mV

C-8 CMRR at 70 Hz (Test Limit ≥ 10 000:1) _________________ :1

C-14 Common Mode Signal at 1 MHz ________________ mV

C-15 CMRR at 1 MHz (Test Limit ≥ 100:1) _________________ :1

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Adjustment Procedure
Introduction
You can use this procedure to adjust the AP034 Active Differential Probe to meet the warranted
specifications. This procedure should only be performed if the instrument fails the Performance
Verification tests. If the probe cannot be adjusted to meet the Performance Verification limits,
repair may be necessary. To ensure instrument accuracy, check the calibration of the AP034 Active
Differential Probe every year. Before calibration, thoroughly clean and inspect this unit as discussed
in the “Cleaning” section.
Completion of each step in the Adjustment Procedure ensures that the differential probe meets
specifications. Some of the adjustments interact with other parts of the circuitry. Therefore, it is
necessary that all adjustments be performed in the order listed. For best overall instrument
performance, make each adjustment to the exact setting, even when adjustment is within the
limits stated in the procedure.
Adequate guard bands were designed into the AP034 Active Differential Probe to ensure that it will
meet or exceed published specifications over the entire operating temperature range. To continue
to meet the environmental specifications, all adjustments must be performed in a controlled
environment with an ambient temperature of 25 ±5 °C. The AP034 Active Differential Probe must
also be at stable operating temperature before performing adjustments.

CAUTION: The adjustment procedure will require removal of the probe covers. These covers
are part of the ESD protection system of the AP034 Active Differential Probe. To protect the probe,
you should perform the entire procedure on a static dissipating work surface Wear an antistatic
grounding wrist strap and follow standard static control procedures.
The probe tip housing provides physical rigidity to the input pins of the probe. When the covers are
removed, observe extra caution to avoid breaking the probe tip receptacles when mating the probe
to the calibration fixture.

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Test Equipment Required

The table on the next page lists the test equipment and accessories, or their equivalents, that are
required for complete calibration. Specifications given for the test equipment are the minimum
necessary for accurate calibration. All test equipment is assumed to be correctly calibrated and
operating within the specifications listed. Detailed operating instructions for the test equipment
are not given in this procedure. Refer to the test equipment manual if more information is needed.
If alternate test equipment is substituted, control settings or calibration equipment setups may
need to be altered. Alternate models of test equipment may have different connector styles
requiring adapters not included in the equipment list.

Table 5, Adjustment Test Equipment

Description Minimum Requirements Example Test Equipment

Wide Band Oscilloscope * 500 MHz bandwidth Teledyne LeCroy LT342

2 mV to 200 mV vertical scale factors Teledyne LeCroy LC344A
ProBus interface equipped* 2%
vertical accuracy

Digital Multimeter 0.1% DC volts accuracy at 0.4 V 0.2% Agilent Technologies 34401A
AC volts accuracy at 2 V and 1 kHz
Fluke 8842A-09
5½ digit resolution
Keithley 2001 with test leads
0.01 mV AC volts resolution

Function Generator Sine and square wave output Agilent Technologies 33120A
20 Vp-p into 1 MΩ Stanford Research Model DS340
50 Hz to 1 MHz frequency Range Leader LAG-120B
Sync. or Freq. Reference output

Fast Rise Pulse Generator Risetime <2 ns Calibrator signal from Teledyne
LeCroy oscilloscope
Amplitude >400 mV into 50 Ω
Over/Undershoot <6% Tegam / Tektronix PG506 with
power unit

Sine Wave Generator Output 250 MHz at 1 V RMS Agilent Technologies 8648C, with
male N to female BNC
adapter for the output connector.
Tegam SG504 with TM series
mainframe.

DC Voltage Source 0 to 2 VDC regulated output, settable HP 6633A

to 1 mV resolution

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Description Minimum Requirements Example Test Equipment

Termination, precision 50 Ω ± 0.05% Teledyne LeCroy TERM-CF01

Termination, BNC 50 Ω through male-female Pomona 4119-50

Calibration Fixture ProBus Extension Cable Teledyne LeCroy PROBUS-CF01

Calibration Fixture AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture Teledyne LeCroy AP03X-CF01

BNC coaxial cable male-male BNC, approx. 1 m Pomona 5697-36

(2 Required)

BNC T Adapter female-male-female Pomona 3285

Banana Plug Adapter BNC female to dual male banana plug Pomona 1269
(2 Required)

Shorting Plug Two 0.025 in. square pins on 0.100 in. Supplied with AP03X-CF01
centers

Adjustment Tool 0.025 in. square tip Johanson 4192

Low Capacitance
Screwdriver

NOTE: If a Teledyne LeCroy ProBus equipped oscilloscope is not available, you may perform the
adjustment procedure with an alternate oscilloscope that meets the other Minimum Specifications,
and the model ADPPS power supply. The input termination of the oscilloscope must be set at 50 Ω ,
the offset or position must remain at center screen, and the high-frequency adjustments must be
performed with the ADPPS connected directly to the input of the oscilloscope.

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Preliminary Procedure
1. Using pliers, carefully remove each of the push buttons from the ProBus interface housing by
gently pulling them away from the housing.
2. Remove the two screws that secure the plastic cover on the cable end of the ProBus interface
housing. Gently pull on the probe cable to slide the circuit board assembly from the metal
housing.
3. Remove the 5/64 in. (2 mm) Allen head cap screw from the small cover on the back of the
probe tip. Remove the cover along with the small cover on the opposite side of the probe. Hold
the shielded portion of the probe head in one hand and gently slide the larger cover off by
pulling it away from the probe tip end.
4. Connect the AP034 Active Differential Probe output to the female end of the ProBus Extension
Cable. Be careful to align the ProBus pins with the corresponding connector correctly. Connect
the male end of the ProBus Extension Cable to Channel 1 of the oscilloscope.
NOTE: The Logic board is connected to the Amplifier board by four small 8-pin connectors.
There are no additional mechanical fasteners holding the two boards together. A small foam
pad mounted on the circuit board ensures that the connectors remain engaged while the
assembly is mounted within the ProBus interface housing. Be sure that the connectors
between the boards are firmly engaged before applying power to the probe. Operating the
probe without the logic board will not damage it. However, to ensure reliable operation, the
logic board should only be mated with the Amplifier board with the power removed, and the
ProBus connector disengaged.

5. Apply power to the oscilloscope and to the other test instrumentation. Allow at least 30
minute’s warm-up time for the AP034 Active Differential Probe and test equipment before
continuing the calibration procedure.
NOTE: The probe tip cover also serves to thermally stabilize the input circuitry. The differential
input stage of the probe utilizes discrete transistors that need to maintain an approximate
match of junction temperatures for correct DC balance. With the covers removed, this circuitry
is susceptible to drift caused by air currents flowing over the components. Remove or redirect
any fans that may be blowing air currents over the probe tip during adjustment.
Correct operation of the AP034 Active Differential Probe controls requires software version
8.1.0 or higher. You can find out the software version loaded on your Teledyne LeCroy scope by
pressing SHOW STATUS, then selecting the System menu option. In version 8.1.0 and higher,
the OFFSET controls on the front panel of the probe are disabled. Offset is controlled by the
OFFSET knob in the oscilloscope CHANNEL section.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Procedure
A. Adjust Coarse DC Balance (R226)
1. If necessary, set the probe offset to 0.000 V by rotating the OFFSET knob in the CHANNEL
section of the oscilloscope.
2. Insert the two-pin shorting plug into the socket on the Logic Board. Use the two holes
closest to the probe cable (Figure 9).

Figure 8, AP033 Logic Board

3. To enter the Cal Mode, push either of the two offset buttons that protrude through holes in
the Logic Board.
4. Plug the precision 50Ω terminator into the DMM input. Set the DMM to measure DC volts.
5. Using a low capacitance screwdriver, adjust Coarse DC Bal (R226) on the Amplifier Board
for an output voltage of 0 mV ±10 mV (Figure 10).

Figure 9, Amplifier Board Adjustment Locations

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B. Adjust Fine DC Balance (R304)

1. Remove the shorting plug from the Logic Board.
2. Reinsert the shorting plug into the two holes near the end of the Logic Board. (Figure 8.)
3. Reenter Cal Mode by pushing either of the two buttons that protrude through holes in the
Logic Board.
4. ,Remove the BNC cable from the precision 50 Ω terminator connected to the DMM.
5. Short the output BNC connector by reconnecting the cable to the SHORT connector on the
AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture. The SHORT connector is the only BNC connector on the
AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture that does not have corresponding input pins for the probe
tip. It is located on the end of the board beyond the Common Mode Terminated connector.
6. In Cal Mode, the EFFECTIVE GAIN indicators serve as an adjustment indicator. The
EFFECTIVE GAIN indicators are located on the Logic Board (Figure 8). It may be necessary to
hold the boards in your hands to see the indicators while making the adjustment.
7. Using a low capacitance screwdriver, adjust Fine DC Balance (R304) until the 10 EFFECTIVE
GAIN indicator lights (Figure 10).

Figure 10, ÷11Effective Gain Indicator

8. Disconnect the BNC cable from the short connector.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

C. Adjust Low Frequency CMRR (R7)

1. Leave the BNC cable connected to the probe end of the ProBus extension cable. Connect a
50Ω BNC Through Terminator on the other end of the BNC cable. Connect the male end of
the 50Ω terminator to channel 3 on the scope. The scope end of the ProBus extension
cable should remain connected to channel 1 of the scope, although there is no signal cable
connected.
2. Connect a BNC cable from the output of the Function Generator to the Channel 2 input of
the oscilloscope.
3. Connect a second BNC cable from the Function Generator SYNC OUT to the external trigger
input of the oscilloscope.
4. Set the Function Generator waveform to Sine and the frequency to 70 Hz.
5. Set the oscilloscope as follows:
Display: Channel 2
Channel 1 VOLTS/DIV: 2 mV/div
Channel 2 VOLTS/DIV: 5 V/div
Channel 2 Coupling: %___
Channel 3 VOLTS/DIV: 2 mV/div
Channel 3 Coupling: AC 1M+
Trigger on: EXT10
cplg EXT10: DC
TIME/DIV: 10 ms/div
Acquisition Mode: NORMAL

6. Adjust the trigger level for a stable display.

7. Set the Function Generator output voltage to 20 Vp-p as displayed on the oscilloscope.
8. Disconnect the output cable of the function generator from the channel 2 input of the
oscilloscope and reconnect it to the Common Mode Drive No Termination connector of
the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture.
9. Carefully align the four pins that correspond to the Common Mode Drive No Termination
portion of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture with the input receptacles in the AP034
probe head. Press the probe into the fixture to fully engage the pins.

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10. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 3. The waveform is the common mode signal. Turn
the offset as necessary to keep the trace on screen. Turn on Math Channel A. Press MATH
SETUP, then REDEFINE A. Set the A Math type to Average, Avg Type to Continuous, with
1:15 weighting, of channel 3. Turn off the trace 3 display. Use the Math Zoom and Position
controls as necessary to view the waveform.
11. Adjust LF CMRR (R7) for minimum amplitude. (See Figure 11 for location.)

Figure 11,. Probe Tip Adjustment Locations

12. Remove the BNC cable from the output of the Function Generator and the calibration fixture.
Leave the BNC cable from the SYNC output to the oscilloscope external trigger input in
place.

D. Adjust OFFSET (R330)

1. Reconnect the BNC cable to both ends of the ProBus extension cable. The oscilloscope end
of the extension cable should still be connected to channel 1.
2. Set the oscilloscope channel 1 scale factor to 10 mV/div, and the acquisition mode to Auto.
Set the BWL to 20 or 25 MHz. Adjust the OFFSET to 0.0 mV
3. Carefully move the AP034 probe tip from the Common Mode Drive No Termination
position of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture to the Differential Drive No Termination
position. Press the probe into the fixture to fully engage the pins.
4. Connect female BNC-to-dual male banana plug adapters to each end of the BNC cable. Plug
one end into the output of the DC voltage source, making sure the plug corresponding to
the BNC shield (marked “Ground”) is connected to the voltage source –Output (or common
for dual supplies) connector, and the other pin on the +Output connector.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe
5. Connect the other end of the cable to the DMM input, making sure that the plug
corresponding to the BNC shield (marked “Ground”) is connected to the LO or COM input.
6. Set the DC Voltage Source to read as close as possible to +1.600 V on the DMM.
7. Autobalance the AP034 by pressing the AUTOBALANCE menu button located in the
“COUPLING” menu twice, or by pressing and holding both probe offset buttons for at least
two seconds.
8. Disconnect the BNC cable from the female BNC-to-dual male banana plug adapter on the
DMM.
9. Reconnect the BNC cable from the DC Voltage Source to the Differential Drive No
Termination connector on the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture.
10. Set the probe offset to –1.600 V by rotating the OFFSET knob in the channel section of the
oscilloscope.
11. Allow 10 seconds for the AP034 to stabilize.
12. Using a low capacitance screwdriver, adjust Offset (R330) to bring the trace back to exactly
center screen. (See Figure 9 for adjustment location.)
13. Remove the dual banana plug adapter from the output of the DC voltage source and
reconnect it, with the pins reversed. (The plug corresponding to the BNC shield (marked
“Ground”) should now be connected to the +Output connector.)
14. In the CHANNEL menu of the oscilloscope, set the probe offset to +1.600 V by rotating the
OFFSET knob.
15. Allow 10 seconds for the AP034 to stabilize.
16. Note the amplitude of the trace from center screen.
17. Adjust Offset Cal (R330) to position the trace to approximately ½ the amplitude from
center screen noted in the previous step. This amplitude should be within •}10 mV of
center screen. Note this value.
18. Again, remove the dual banana plug adapter from the output of the DC voltage source and
reconnect it, with the pins reversed. The plug corresponding to the BNC shield (marked
“Ground”) should now be connected to the – or Common Output connector.
19. In the CHANNEL menu of the oscilloscope, set the probe offset to –1.600 V by rotating the
OFFSET knob.
20. Allow 10 seconds for the AP034 to stabilize.

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 Operator’s Manual
21. The trace should be offset from the center line by the same amplitude but opposite
polarity of the value noted in step E-16.
22. Repeat steps E-13 through E-21 as necessary until the errors at +1.6 V and at –1.6 V are
approximately equal, and both are within 10 mV of the center scale. Reverse the polarity of
the dual banana plug adapter at the output of the DC voltage source, and the
corresponding probe offset value with each repetition.
23. Disconnect the cable from the DC Voltage Source. Keep the AP033/AP034 Calibration
Fixture connected to the AP034 for the next step.

E. Adjust GAIN (R322C)

1. Set the AP034 offset to 0.000 V by rotating the OFFSET knob in the CHANNEL section of the
oscilloscope.
2. Disconnect the BNC cable from the oscilloscope end of the ProBus extension cable.
Reconnect this end of the cable to the precision 50 Ωtermination.
3. Connect one end of a second BNC cable to the output of the Function Generator. Connect
the BNC-to-dual male banana plug adapter to free the end of the BNC cable. Insert the
banana plugs of the adapter into the input terminals of the Digital Multimeter (DMM).
4. Set the DMM to measure AC volts.
5. Set the mode of the Function Generator to Sine Wave, the frequency to approximately 1
kHz and the output amplitude to read approximately 190mV on the DMM.
6. Record the DMM reading. Be careful not to alter the output amplitude of the generator
after the measured value has been recorded
7. Remove the banana plug adapter and connect the free end of the cable to the Differential
Drive no Termination connector on the calibration fixture.
8. Connect the AP034 Output cable with 50ΩPrecision termination to the DMM.
9. Using a low capacitance screwdriver, adjust GAIN (R322C) so that the DMM reading is
within ±1 mV (0.5%) of the reading recorded in step E-6. (See Figure 9 for adjustment
location.)
10. Disconnect the Function Generator, DMM, calibration fixture, and precision 50
Ωterminator.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

F. Adjust Final Attenuator Compensation (C17)

NOTE: The calibrator signal from a Teledyne LeCroy oscilloscope is the recommended signal source
for this adjustment. If another oscilloscope is being used for this procedure, make sure that the
square wave source has adequate flatness (minimum overshoot and undershoot.)
1. Press the UTILITIES button, then select the CAL BNC Setup menu. Set the mode to CAL signal,
Shape to Square, Amplitude to 1 V into 1 MΩ, and Frequency to 1 kHz.
2. Reconnect the free end of the ProBus Extender BNC cable to the oscilloscope end of the
extender located on channel 1.
3. Connect a BNC cable from the CAL output BNC connector to the Differential Drive 50 ohm
Termination connector on the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture.
4. Carefully connect the Differntial Drive 50 ohm Termination portion of the AP033/AP034
Calibration Fixture to the probe tip. Press the probe into the fixture to fully engage the
pins.
5. Set the oscilloscope display to channel 1, vertical scale factor to 50 mV/div and the
horizontal scale to 1 µs/div. Set the trigger source to channel 1, and Slope to Positive.
Adjust the oscilloscope trigger level as necessary for a stable display.
6. Using the OFFSET control, move the trace down until the top portion of the waveform is
centered.
7. Using the 0.25 in. square adjustment tool, adjust Attenuator Comp (C17A) for a flat top
waveform. (See Figure 11 for adjustment location.)
8. Remove the cable from the CAL output connector on the scope.

G. Adjust Final Attenuator CMRR (C18A)

1. Carefully move the AP033 probe head from the Differential Drive 50 ohm Termination
portion of the AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture to the Common Mode Drive 50 ohm
Termination portion.
2. Remove the BNC cable from the Differential Drive 50 ohm Termination connector of the
AP033/AP034 Calibration Fixture. Connect one end of the BNC cable to the Common Mode
Drive 50 ohm Termination connector of the AP033/AP034 Calibration fixture. Connect the
other end of the cable to the female end of a BNC Tee adapter. Plug the male connector of
the BNC Tee adapter into the channel 4 input of the oscilloscope. Connect a second BNC
cable to the remaining female connector of the BNC Tee adapter. Connect the other end of
the second BNC cable to the CAL output BNC connector.

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3. Set the oscilloscope display to channel 4, coupling to DC1MΩ , vertical scale factor to 200
mV/div, and the trigger source to channel 4. Adjust the oscilloscope trigger level as
necessary for a stable display.
4. Set the oscilloscope to display channel 1, and vertical scale factor to 10 mV/div. Set the
OFFSET to 0.0 mv
5. 5. Adjust Attenuator CMRR (capacitor C18A) for minimum amplitude shift of the displayed
waveform at the trigger point in time. See Figure 9 for adjustment location.
6. Leave the setup connected for the next step.

H. Assemble Probe and Amplifier

1. Carefully slide the large probe tip cover over the probe tip, being careful to engage the
input pins.
2. Snap the small probe cover with the threaded brass insert onto the bottom of the probe.
Engage the probe cable strain relief into the mating area of the cover. Carefully dress the
wires entering the cable to clear the area above the brass insert.
3. Place the lip on the large end of the remaining cover under the mating surface near the
probe tip. Gently press the cover into place. If the cover appears not to close completely,
remove it and again check for adequate clearance between the brass insert and the cable
wires.
4. Replace the 5/64 in. Allen cap screw and tighten.
5. Hold the Logic Board/Amplifier Board assembly in one hand with the Logic board facing up.
Hold the ProBus Interface housing in the other hand with the control side (side with holes
for the buttons) facing up.
6. Align the edges of the Amplifier Board with the slots in the center of the inside of the
housing. (The amplifier board is the thicker circuit board and has the BNC connector
soldered to it.) Slide the boards into the housing, being careful to align the screw holes in
the end cover with the corresponding channels in the corners of the housing.
7. Insert and tighten the two screws that secure the end panel to the ProBus interface
housing. Avoid overtightening the screws because the cover may warp.
8. Replace the four push button caps, pressing each fully to seat the cap on the button shaft.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

I. Attenuator Matching and Final Check

1. Repeat the Performance Verification procedure to ensure compliance with the warranted
specifications.
2. Perform the Attenuator Matching Procedure listed on page 5-8. Apply calibration seals in
accordance with your quality procedures. This concludes the Adjustment Procedure.
Repeat the Performance Verification procedure to complete the calibration of the AP034.
This concludes the Adjustment Procedure. Repeat the Performance Verification procedure to
complete the calibration of the AP034.

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Reference Information
Differential Mode and Common Mode
Differential probes amplify the voltage difference that appears between the + and – inputs. This
voltage is referred to as the Differential Mode or Normal Mode voltage. The voltage component
that is referenced to earth ground, and is identical on both inputs, is rejected by the amplifier. This
voltage is referred to as the Common Mode voltage, because it is common to both inputs. The
common mode voltage can be expressed as:

Differential Mode Range and Common Mode Range

The Differential Mode Range is the maximum signal that can be applied between the + and –
inputs without overloading the probe amplifier, resulting in “clipping” or distortion of the
waveform measured by the oscilloscope.
The Common Mode Range is the maximum voltage with respect to earth ground that can be
applied to either input. Exceeding the common mode range can result in unpredictable results.
Because the Common Mode signal is normally rejected and is not displayed on the oscilloscope,
you need to be careful to avoid accidentally exceeding the common mode range.

Figure 12, Common Mode and Differential Mode Range

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Common Mode Rejection Ratio

The ideal differential probe or differential amplifier would amplify only the differential mode
voltage component and reject all of the common mode voltage component. Real differential
probes and amplifiers are less than ideal, so a small portion of the common mode voltage
component appears in the output. Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) is the measure of how
effectively the probe or amplifier rejects the common mode voltage component. CMRR is equal to
the differential mode gain (or normal gain) divided by the common mode gain. Common mode gain
is equal to the output voltage divided by the input voltage when both inputs are driven by only the
common mode signal. CMRR can be expressed as a ratio (for example, 10,000:1) or implicitly in dB
(for example, 80 dB). Higher numbers indicate greater rejection (better performance).
The first order term that determines the CMRR is the relative gain matching between the + and –
input paths. To obtain high CMRR values, the input attenuators in a differential probe are precisely
matched to each other. The matching includes the DC attenuation as well as the capacitance that
determines the AC attenuation. As the frequency of the common mode components increases, the
effects of stray parasitic capacitance and inductance in determining the AC attenuation become
more pronounced. The CMRR becomes smaller as the frequency increases. Hence, CMRR is usually
specified as a plot versus common mode frequency.
The common mode frequency in these plots is assumed to be sinusoidal. In real life applications,
the common mode signal is seldom a pure sine wave. Signals with pulse wave shapes contain
frequency components much higher that the repetition rate may suggest. As such, it is very difficult
to predict actual performance in the application for CMRR versus frequency graphs. The practical
application of these graphs is to compare the relative common mode rejection performance
between different probes or amplifiers.

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Certifications
This section certifies the probe’s Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Safety and Environmental
compliance.

EMC Compliance
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY - EMC
The probe meets intent of EC Directive 2004/108/EC for Electromagnetic Compatibility. Compliance
was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the Official Journal of the European
Communities:
EN 61326-1:2006, EN 61326-2-1:2006 EMC requirements for electrical equipment for
measurement, control, and laboratory use.

Electromagnetic Emissions:
CISPR 11:2003, Radiated and Conducted Emissions Group 1, Class A 1 2

Electromagnetic Immunity:
EN 61000-4-2:2001 Electrostatic Discharge, 4 kV contact, 8 kV air, 4 kV vertical/horizontal coupling
planes 3
EN 61000-4-3:2006 RF Radiated Electromagnetic Field, 3 V/m, 80-1000 MHz; 3 V/m, 1400 MHz - 2
GHz; 1 V/m, 2 GHz - 2.7 GHz 3
1 Emissions which exceed the levels required by this standard may occur when the probe is connected to a
test object.
2 This product is intended for use in nonresidential areas only. Use in residential areas may cause
electromagnetic interference.
3 Meets Performance Criteria “B” limits of the respective standard: during the disturbance, product
undergoes a temporary degradation or loss of function or performance which is self-recoverable.

European Contact:
Teledyne LeCroy Europe GmbH
Waldhofer Str 104
D-69123 Heidelberg
Germany
Tel: (49) 6221 82700

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY—EMC

The probe complies with the EMC provision of the Radio Communications Act per the following
standards, in accordance with requirements imposed by Australian Communication and Media
Authority (ACMA):
CISPR 11:2003 Radiated and Conducted Emissions, Group 1, Class A, in accordance with EN61326-
1:2006 and EN61326-2-1:2006.

Australia / New Zealand Contacts:

Vicom Australia Ltd. Vicom New Zealand Ltd.
1064 Centre Road 60 Grafton Road
Oakleigh, South Victoria 3167 Auckland
Australia New Zealand

Safety Compliance
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY – LOW VOLTAGE
The probe meets intent of EC Directive 2006/95/EC for Product Safety. Compliance was
demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the Official Journal of the European
Communities:
EN 61010-1:2010 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
EN 61010-2:030:2010 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 2-030: Particular requirements for testing and measuring circuits

EN 61010-031/A1:2008 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 031: Safety requirements for hand-held probe assemblies for electrical measurement
and test.

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Environmental Compliance
END-OF-LIFE HANDLING
The probe is marked with this symbol to indicate that it complies with the applicable
European Union requirements to Directives 2002/96/EC and 2006/66/EC on Waste
Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) and Batteries.
The probe is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and
region. Many countries prohibit the disposal of waste electronic equipment in
standard waste receptacles. For more information about proper disposal and
recycling of your Teledyne LeCroy product, please visit teledynelecroy.com/recycle.

RESTRICTION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (ROHS)

This probe has been classified as Industrial Monitoring and Control Equipment, and is outside the
scope of the 2011/65/EU RoHS Directive (Exempt until July 2017, per Article 4).

ISO Certification
Manufactured under an ISO 9000 Registered Quality Management System. Visit
teledynelecroy.com to view the certificate.

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AP034 Active Differential Probe

Contact Teledyne LeCroy

Teledyne LeCroy Service Centers
United States and Canada - United States - Protocol Solutions Group
World Wide Corporate Office Teledyne LeCroy Corporation
Teledyne LeCroy Corporation 3385 Scott Boulevard
700 Chestnut Ridge Road Santa Clara, CA, 95054, USA
Chestnut Ridge, NY, 10977-6499, USA FAX: 408-727-0800
Ph: 800-553-2769 / 845-425-2000 teledynelecroy.com
FAX: 845-578-5985 Sales and Service:
teledynelecroy.com Ph: 800-909-7211 / 408-727-6600
Support: [email protected]
[email protected] Support:
Sales: Ph: 800-909-7112 / 408-653-1260
[email protected] [email protected]
European Headquarters Singapore, Oscillosocpes
Teledyne LeCroy SA Teledyne LeCroy Singapore Pte Ltd.
4, Rue Moïse Marcinhes Blk 750C Chai Chee Road #02-08
Case postale 341 Technopark @ Chai Chee
1217 Meyrin 1 Singapore 469003
Geneva, Switzerland Ph: ++ 65 64424880
Ph: + 41 22 719 2228 / 2323 /2277 FAX: ++ 65 64427811
FAX:+41 22 719 2233 Singapore, Protocol Analyzers
[email protected] Genetron Singapore Pte Ltd.
[email protected] 37 Kallang Pudding Road, #08-08
teledynelecroy.com/europe Tong Lee Building Block B
Protocol Analyzers: Singapore 349315
Ph: +44 12 765 03971 Ph: ++ 65 9760-4682
China Korea
Teledyne LeCroy Corporation Beijing Teledyne LeCroy Korea
Rm. 2001 - Office; Rm. 2002 - Service Center 10th fl.Ildong Bldg.
Unit A, Horizon Plaza 968-5 Daechi-dong, Gangnam-gu
No. 6, Zhichun Road, Haidian District Seoul 135-280, Korea
Beijing 100088, China Ph: ++ 82 2 3452 0400
Ph: ++86 10 8280 0318 / 0319 / 0320 FAX: ++ 82 2 3452 0490
FAX:++86 10 8280 0316
Service:
Rm. 2002
Ph: ++86 10 8280 0245
Taiwan Japan
LeColn Technology Co Ltd. Teledyne LeCroy Japan
Far East Century Park, C3, 9F Hobunsya Funchu Bldg, 3F
No. 2, Chien-8th Road, 3-11-5, Midori-cho, Fuchu-Shi
Chung-Ho Dist., New Taipei City, Taiwan Tokyo 183-0006, Japan
Ph: ++ 886 2 8226 1366 Ph: ++ 81 4 2402 9400
FAX: ++ 886 2 8226 1368 FAX: ++ 81 4 2402 9586
teledynelecroy.com/japan

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