Scribd
Upload
30 views

To Study The Uses

This document appears to be a project submission for a class on chemistry. It was submitted by Bivas shah to their teacher at Arniko Awasiya Secondary School in Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal. The project aims to study the uses and adverse effects of plastic on human health and the environment. It begins with an acknowledgment section thanking those who provided support and guidance. It then includes an abstract, theory section on plastics, and a brief history of plastics. It concludes with an outline of the topics that will be covered in the project such as the introduction of plastic, its uses and adverse effects, objectives, methods, results and discussion, and conclusions.

Uploaded by

Om Prakash Sah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
30 views

To Study The Uses

This document appears to be a project submission for a class on chemistry. It was submitted by Bivas shah to their teacher at Arniko Awasiya Secondary School in Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal. The project aims to study the uses and adverse effects of plastic on human health and the environment. It begins with an acknowledgment section thanking those who provided support and guidance. It then includes an abstract, theory section on plastics, and a brief history of plastics. It concludes with an outline of the topics that will be covered in the project such as the introduction of plastic, its uses and adverse effects, objectives, methods, results and discussion, and conclusions.

Uploaded by

Om Prakash Sah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

A project work submitted for the partial fulfillment of requirement in chemistry of class 11.

ARNIKO AWASIYA SECONDARY SCHOOL, BIRATNAGAR, MORANG.

SUBMITTED BY:

 Name: Bivas shah


 Roll no: 801799
 Section: Newton

SUBMITTED TO:
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
Arniko Awasiya Secondary School
ACKNOWLEDGE
First and foremost, I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to department of chemistry for
their constructive comments, valuable suggestions and unforgettable guidance, I equally thank
them for their kindness, cooperation and necessary encouragement.

Similarly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Rajesh karki sir, Arniko Awasiya
secondary school, Biratnagar, Morang for his invaluable instruction and cooperation. All the
faculty member, department of chemistry, Arniko awasiya secondary school for their direct and
indirect suggestion in the completion of this project work.

I would like to thank all of my friends with whom I enjoyed and got fruitful academic and non-
academic supports during this tenure that boost my work.

Finally, I never miss this opportunity to extend my heartily thank to my parents and family
members, whose immense support in each and every steps of my life help to reinforce my
morale.

Bivas shah
ABSTRACT
TO STUDY THE USES AND ADVERSE EFFECT OF PLASTIC ON HUMAN HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENT.

THEORY
The word plastic derives from the Greek plastikos meaning "capable of being shaped or molded,"
and in turn from plastos meaning "molded." As a noun the word most commonly refers to the solid
products of petrochemical-derived manufacturing. Most plastics contain organic polymers. The vast
majority of these polymers are formed from chains of carbon atoms, with or without the attachment
of oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atoms. These chains comprise many repeating units formed
from monomers. Each polymer chain consists of several thousand repeating units. The backbone is
the part of the chain that is on the main path, linking together a large number of repeat units. To
customize the properties of a plastic, different molecular groups called side chains hang from this
backbone; they are usually hung from the monomers before the monomers themselves are linked
together to form the polymer chain. The structure of these side chains influences the properties of
the polymer.

HISTORY
The development of plastics has evolved from the use of naturally plastic materials
(e.g., gums and shellac) to the use of the chemical modification of those materials (e.g., natural
rubber, cellulose, collagen, and milk proteins), and finally to completely synthetic plastics (e.g.,
bakelite, epoxy, and PVC). Early plastics were bio-derived materials such as egg and blood proteins,
which are organic polymers. In around 1600 BC, Mesoamericans used natural rubber for balls,
bands, and figurines. Treated cattle horns were used as windows for lanterns in the Middle Ages.
Materials that mimicked the properties of horns were developed by treating milk proteins with lye. In
the nineteenth century, as chemistry developed during the Industrial Revolution, many materials
were reported. The development of plastics accelerated with Charles Goodyear's 1839 discovery
of vulcanization to harden natural rubber.

The world's first fully synthetic plastic was Bakelite, invented in New York in 1907 by Leo
Baekeland, who coined the term plastics. Many chemists have contributed to the materials
science of plastics, including Nobel laureate Hermann Staudinger, who has been called "the father
of polymer chemistry," and Herman Mark, known as "the father of polymer physics.”
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SN Topics Page no.
1 Acknowledge
2 Abstract & Theory
3 History
4 Introduction of plastic
5 Uses of plastic on human health and environment
6 Adverse Effect of plastic on human health and environment
7 Objective of the on human health and environment
8 Methods & Materials
9 Result & Discussion
10 Conclusion
11 References
INTRODUCTION OF PLASTIC

You might also like