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生化工程 Introduction

This document discusses the design of photobioreactors for microalgae cultivation. It mentions closed and open pond cultivation techniques, implementing IoT sensors into the design, and preventing contamination. The main topics covered are cultivation technology, risks in design, and implementing a monitoring system.

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gn0033609212
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13 views

生化工程 Introduction

This document discusses the design of photobioreactors for microalgae cultivation. It mentions closed and open pond cultivation techniques, implementing IoT sensors into the design, and preventing contamination. The main topics covered are cultivation technology, risks in design, and implementing a monitoring system.

Uploaded by

gn0033609212
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Photobioreactor design:

type of cultivation techniques (closed pond) open pond). Risk and


prevention of contamination. Implementation of internet of things
into the design of cultivation system. (Sensors)
1101015 張永翰、1101037 黃之誼、1101057 鐘世鈞、1103815 陳法頤、1103816 鄭翔駿、

1091150 黃勁文

CH333A 生化工程(Biochemical Engineering)，授課教師:邱冠雄助理教授

1. Introduction:

Due to the rapid increase in population and rapid industrial development,

environmental pollution, ecological imbalance, and global warming are becoming

increasingly serious. According to data, 40% of annual carbon emissions are caused

by industrial development. The carbon dioxide emissions related to the energy used in

2021 (36.4Gt) far exceed the earth’s annual natural carbon sequestration capacity

(21Gt). In addition to industrial The wastewater treatment generated is also a serious

problem. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop a technology that can

capture, utilize, and store carbon dioxide with low energy consumption and low cost.

We know that most microalgae can assimilate a variety of inorganic carbons, such as

carbon dioxide, carbonates, bicarbonates, etc., and their ability to capture and utilize

carbon dioxide is higher than that of land plants (10 to 50 times). Additionally, due to

the soaring oil prices, depletion of natural oil reserves and pollution caused by fossil

fuels, the concept of using green algae as biofuel may be the third generation of green

algae, given the two major factors of continuous growth and minimizing

environmental impact. Therefore, this article mainly discusses the cultivation

technology, risks and design system of microalgae.

Because microalgae can be used as a new type of biofuel and to reduce and repair

environmental pollution, most research in recent years has focused on using industrial
waste (wastewater or flue gas) to cultivate microalgae. This method not only reduces

the impact of industrial waste on the environment The pollution also reduces the cost

of microalgae cultivation. First of all, microalgae use microalgae lipid

transesterification to obtain biological raw materials. It has the following advantages:

1. It can grow continuously in environments with various salinities or chemical

components, 2. It does not require the use of sugar cane, corn, etc. Herbicides and

pesticides, 3. Yield and photosynthetic efficiency are much more efficient than

previous biofuels. There are many cultivation methods, most of which are carried out

in open ponds. However, they face breeding pollution and racial collapse. Therefore,

they can only be cultivated using a single culture mode or chemical strategies.

However, the cost of this production method is too high and hence industrial waste

was used for culture instead.

Industrial wastewater is mostly treated with chemical methods. However, the treated

wastewater contains synthetic chemicals, which still have a negative impact on the

environment and organisms. Therefore, organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and

microalgae have been used to remove environmental contaminants. It can not only

reduce costs but also reduce the need for fresh water. Wastewater is used as a culture

medium, and microalgae are used as biosorbents to remove heavy metal ions in acidic

solutions and absorb nutrients in wastewater. On top of that the biomass converted in

the process can be converted into other value-added organisms. products, which have

great benefits for the circular economy. Another method is to use industrial waste gas

to cultivate microalgae, but the growth of microalgae in flue gas is more complicated

than in the atmospheric environment. This is because the high carbon dioxide

concentration (>10%) in the flue is toxic to most strains, and Research also shows that

the presence of SOx, NOx, and fly ash can also inhibit the growth of microalgae.
Therefore, artificial isolation, such as genetic engineering (gene expression,

transcription) or random induction, is needed to produce strains that can grow quickly

and tolerate high CO2 environments. Adaptations evolved to promote nitrate and

sulfate in dissolved SOx and NOx.

However, the carbon fixation technology of microalgae is still in the early stages of

development and its economic and environmental sustainability has not yet been

confirmed. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review previous research on

carbon dioxide fixation by microalgae, evaluate the adaptability, environmental

impact, and photosynthesis speed of microalgae culture technology. Last but not least,

realize the possibility of commercialization of microalgae development and future

research directions.

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