生化工程 Introduction
生化工程 Introduction
1091150 黃勁文
1. Introduction:
increasingly serious. According to data, 40% of annual carbon emissions are caused
by industrial development. The carbon dioxide emissions related to the energy used in
2021 (36.4Gt) far exceed the earth’s annual natural carbon sequestration capacity
capture, utilize, and store carbon dioxide with low energy consumption and low cost.
We know that most microalgae can assimilate a variety of inorganic carbons, such as
carbon dioxide, carbonates, bicarbonates, etc., and their ability to capture and utilize
carbon dioxide is higher than that of land plants (10 to 50 times). Additionally, due to
the soaring oil prices, depletion of natural oil reserves and pollution caused by fossil
fuels, the concept of using green algae as biofuel may be the third generation of green
algae, given the two major factors of continuous growth and minimizing
Because microalgae can be used as a new type of biofuel and to reduce and repair
environmental pollution, most research in recent years has focused on using industrial
waste (wastewater or flue gas) to cultivate microalgae. This method not only reduces
the impact of industrial waste on the environment The pollution also reduces the cost
components, 2. It does not require the use of sugar cane, corn, etc. Herbicides and
pesticides, 3. Yield and photosynthetic efficiency are much more efficient than
previous biofuels. There are many cultivation methods, most of which are carried out
in open ponds. However, they face breeding pollution and racial collapse. Therefore,
they can only be cultivated using a single culture mode or chemical strategies.
However, the cost of this production method is too high and hence industrial waste
Industrial wastewater is mostly treated with chemical methods. However, the treated
wastewater contains synthetic chemicals, which still have a negative impact on the
microalgae have been used to remove environmental contaminants. It can not only
reduce costs but also reduce the need for fresh water. Wastewater is used as a culture
medium, and microalgae are used as biosorbents to remove heavy metal ions in acidic
solutions and absorb nutrients in wastewater. On top of that the biomass converted in
the process can be converted into other value-added organisms. products, which have
great benefits for the circular economy. Another method is to use industrial waste gas
to cultivate microalgae, but the growth of microalgae in flue gas is more complicated
than in the atmospheric environment. This is because the high carbon dioxide
concentration (>10%) in the flue is toxic to most strains, and Research also shows that
the presence of SOx, NOx, and fly ash can also inhibit the growth of microalgae.
Therefore, artificial isolation, such as genetic engineering (gene expression,
transcription) or random induction, is needed to produce strains that can grow quickly
and tolerate high CO2 environments. Adaptations evolved to promote nitrate and
However, the carbon fixation technology of microalgae is still in the early stages of
development and its economic and environmental sustainability has not yet been
impact, and photosynthesis speed of microalgae culture technology. Last but not least,
research directions.