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Biodiversity conservation project

Bachelor of science (ST Thomas Higher Secondary School)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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ARCHIES HIGHER SECONDARY

SCHOOL
BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
2023 – 2024

TOPIC – Why to conserve Biodiversity ?

Submitted by - Submitted to:–

Name:– Devansh Mishra Ms.Aayeesha Ahmed
Class:– XII A (P.G.T. BIOLOGY)
CBSE Roll no. -

Index
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S.no. Content Page.n

o
1. CERTIFICATE 3

2. AKNOWLEDGEMENT 4

3. INTRODUCTION 5

4. TYPES OF BIODIVERSITY 6-7

5. GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY 8

6. GREATER BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY IN 9

TROPICS

7. REASONS FOR BIODIVERSITY 10 - 11

CONSERVATION
8. RECENTLY EXCTINCTED ANIMALS 12

9. CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY 13

10. CONCLUSION 14

11. BIBLIOGRAPHY 15

Certificate
This is to certify that Devansh Mishra of class XII from
Archies Higher Secondary School has satisfactorily

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completed the Biology project. Titled – “Why to Conserve

Biodiversity?”

Proper care and utmost sincerity has been shown in

completion of the project. All the work related to the project
has been done by the candidate himself.

The approach towards the subject has been sincere and

scientific.

I certify that this project is up to my expectations and as per

the guidelines issued by CBSE.

--------------------------------------
Signature
Principal Ma’am

---------------------------------- --------------------------------------
Signature
Signature
Subject Teacher
External Examiner

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Acknowledg
ement
I would like to express a deep sense of gratitude and thanks to
my Biology teacher, Ms. Aayeesha Ahmed for guiding me
through the course of the project. Her constructive advice and
constant motivation have been responsible for the successful
completion of this project.
My sincere thanks goes to our principal mam Mrs. Manisha
Soni for her coordination in extending every possible support
for the completion of this project.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank my parents for
their motivation, support and blessings were always with me.

__________________
Name – Devansh Mishra
XII – A

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Introduction
The term Biodiversity (from “biological diversity”) refers to
the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to
ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological,
and cultural processes that sustain life.
Biodiversity includes not only species we consider rare,
threatened, or endangered but also every living thing—from
humans to organisms we know little about, such as
microbes, fungi, and invertebrates.

 The term ‘Biodiversity’ was introduced by an American

Biologist ‘Edward Wilson’

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 Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms and habitats

found in a defined area.
 It represents the totality of
genes, species and ecosystem of
a given region.

Types of
biodiversity

1)Ecosystem Diversity

2)Species Diversity

3)Genetic Diversity

 Ecosystem Diversity :- All the plants and animals in

an area are interdependent and interrelated in an area
forming an Ecosystem is an area called Ecosystem
Diversity
Ecosystem Diversity deals with the different ecosystem in
a certain location and their overall effects on human the
environment

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 Species Diversity :- It refers to having variety of

species (plants and animals) in an area with different
physical and biological characteristics. The number of
species that live in a certain location is called species
richness.

 Genetic Diversity :-It refers to having variation in

genes in species (plants and animals) in an area.
This type of diversity belongs to healthy base to the
population. Genetic diversity serves as a way for
populations to adapt to changing environments

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GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY

 According to the IUCN(2004) report, the total number

of plants and animals species is more than 1.5 million.
 Robert May estimated that the global species diversity
is at about 7 million.
 More than 70 per cent of all the species recorded are
animals and plants including fungi, algae, bryophytes,
gymnosperms and angiosperms compromise about 22
per cent of the total.
 Amongst animals, insects compromise more than 70%
that means, out of every 10 animals the face of the
planet, 7 are insects

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GREATER BIOLOGICAL
DIVERSITY IN TROPICS

Various hypothesis for higher diversity in tropics proposed

by ecologists and evolutionary biologists are :-

I. Temperate regions have under gone frequent glaciations

in the past. It killed most of the species. Tropical latitudes
have remained relatively undistributed for millions of
years.

II. Tropical environments are less seasonal which promotes

niche specialization and lead to a greater species
diversity.

III. More solar energy is available in the topics which

contributes to higher productivity and turn might
contribute indirectly to greater diversity

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REASON FOR BIODIVERSITY

CONVERSATION

 Narrowly Utilitarian
 Broadly Utilitarian

 Ethical Argument

1) Narrowly Utilitarian:-
The narrowly utilitarian arguments for conserving
biodiversity as they provide direct economic benefits from
nature like food, firewood, fiber, construction material,
industrial products and products of medicinal
importance.

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2) Broadly Utilitarian:- The broadly utilitarian

argument for conserving biodiversity is the oxygen
supplement, 20 per cent of the total oxygen in the earth
atmosphere are released through photosynthesis by the
rich biodiversity of the Amazon forest.

3) Ethical Argument:- The ethical argument is that we

share biodiversity with millions of plant, animal and
microbe species. Every species has an intrinsic value, even
if it may not be of any economic value to us. We also have
a moral duty to care for their well-being and pass on our
biological legacy in good order to future generations.

There are millions of plants, animals,

and microbes on this Earth with whom
we share

Each species on this

earth has some
intrinsic values

It is therefore our moral

duty to take care of all the
living creature and pass on
our biological legacy in
good order to future

RECENTLY EXTICTED ANIMALS

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 What are Extinct Animals?

Extinct Animals are those animals species that have
stopped breeding, died and no longer exist. The moment
the last living species dies is understood as the time of
extinction.

Examples :-
1) Dinosaur
2) Dodo
3) Mammoth
4) Saber toothed tiger
5) Glyptodon
6) Tasmanian tiger

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CONVERSATION OF
BODIVERSITY
 Biodiversity can be conserved by protecting its whole
ecosystem.
 The Earth summit held in Rio de
Janeiro in 1992.
 The World summit on sustainable
development held in Johannesburg,
South Africa in 2002.
 The World summit on sustainable
development held in Johannesburg,
South Africa in 2002

In situ vs Ex situ conversation

Situ conversation Ex situ conversation
 Conversation and  Protection of animals
protection of whole or plants when they
ecosystem, protection are in endangered or
of its biodiversity at all threatened and
levels needs urgent
measures to save
from extinction

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 Eg.- Biosphere reserve,  Eg.- Zoological

national parks, wildlife parks, botanical
sanctuaries, Sacred gardens and wildlife
Grooves safari

CONCLUSION
Biodiversity is our life. If the Biodiversity got lost at
this rate then near in future, the survival of human
being will be threatened. So, it is our moral duty to
conserve Biodiversity as well as our Environment,
Long-term maintenance of species and their
management requires co-operative efforts across
entire landscape. Biodiversity should be dealt with a
scale of habitats or ecosystems rather than at species
level.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
 NCERT
 S. Chand’s Biology
 www.google.com

 www.wikipedia.com

 www.yahoo.com

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