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APPENDIX I
SECTION I : PLAN OF EXAMINATION
The Civil Services Examination comprises two successive stages:
(i) Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination (Objective Type) for the selection of candidates for Civil
Services (Main) Examination; and
(ii) Civil Services (Main) Examination (Written and Interview/Personality Test) for the selection of
candidates for the various Services and posts.

2. The Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination will consist of two papers of Objective type (multiple
choice questions) and carry a maximum of 400 marks in the subjects set out in sub-section (A) of Section
II. This examination is meant to serve as a screening test only; the marks obtained in the Civil Services
(Preliminary) Examination by the candidates who are declared qualified for admission to the Civil Services
(Main) Examination will not be counted for determining their final order of merit. The number of candidates
to be admitted to the Civil Services (Main) Examination will be about twelve to thirteen times the total
approximate number of vacancies to be filled in the year through this Examination. Only those candidates
who are declared by the Commission to have qualified in the Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination in the
year will be eligible for admission to the Civil Services (Main) Examination of that year provided they are
otherwise eligible for admission to the Civil Services (Main) Examination.

Note I : The Commission will draw a list of candidates to be qualified for Civil Services (Main) Examination
based on the criterion of minimum qualifying marks of 33% in General Studies Paper-II of Civil Services
(Preliminary) Examination and total qualifying marks of General Studies Paper-I of Civil Services
(Preliminary) Examination as may be determined by the Commission.

Note II : There will be negative marking for incorrect answers as detailed below :
(i) There are four alternatives for the answers to every question. For each question for which a wrong
answer has been given by the candidate, one-third (0.33) of the marks assigned to that question will
be deducted as penalty.
(ii) If a candidate gives more than one answer, it will be treated as a wrong answer even if one of the
given answers happen to be correct and there will be same penalty as above for that question.
(iii) If a question is left blank i.e. no answer is given by the candidate, there will be no penalty for that
question.

3. The Civil Services (Main) Examination will consist of a Written Examination and an
Interview/Personality Test. The Written Examination will consist of 9 papers of conventional essay type in
the subjects set out in sub-section (B) of Section-II out of which two papers will be of qualifying in nature.
[Also see Note (ii) under Para-I of Section II-(B)]. Marks obtained for all the compulsory papers (Paper-I to
Paper-VII) and Marks obtained in Interview/Personality Test will be counted for ranking.

4.1 Candidates who obtain such minimum qualifying marks in the written part of the Civil Services (Main)
Examination as may be fixed by the Commission at their discretion, shall be summoned by them for an
Interview/Personality Test, vide sub-section (C) of Section-II. The number of candidates to be summoned
for Interview/Personality Test will be about twice of the number of vacancies to be filled. The
Interview/Personality Test will carry 275 marks (with no minimum qualifying marks).

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4.2 Marks thus obtained by the candidates in the Civil Services (Main) Examination (Written part as well
as Interview/Personality Test) would determine their final ranking. Candidates will be allotted to the various
Services keeping in view their ranks in the examination and the preferences expressed by them for the
various Services and posts.

SECTION II: Scheme and Subjects for the Preliminary and Main Examination

A. PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION:
The Examination shall comprise of two compulsory Papers of 200 marks each.
Note:
(i) Both the question papers will be of the objective type (multiple choice questions) and each will be of
two hours duration.
(ii) The General Studies Paper-II of the Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination will be a qualifying paper
with minimum qualifying marks fixed at 33%.
(iii) The question papers will be set both in Hindi and English.
(iv) Details of the syllabi are indicated in Part A of Section III.

B. MAIN EXAMINATION:
The Written Examination will consist of the following papers:—

Qualifying Papers:
Paper-A
(One of the Indian Language to be selected by the candidate from the Languages included in the
Eighth Schedule to the Constitution). 300 Marks
Paper-B
English 300 Marks

Papers to be counted for merit :

Paper-I
Essay 250 Marks
Paper-II
General Studies-I 250 Marks
(Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society)
Paper-III
General Studies -II 250 Marks
(Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations)
Paper-IV
General Studies -III 250 Marks
(Technology, Economic Development, Bio-diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management)
Paper-V
General Studies -IV 250 Marks
(Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude)
Paper-VI
Optional Subject - Paper 1 250 Marks

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Paper-VII
Optional Subject - Paper 2 250 Marks
Sub Total (Written test) 1750 Marks
Personality Test 275 Marks
=====================================================================================
Grand Total 2025 Marks

Candidates may choose any one of the optional subjects from amongst the list of subjects given in
para 2 below:—
Note :
(i) The papers on Indian languages and English (Paper A and paper B) will be of Matriculation or equivalent
standard and will be of qualifying nature. The marks obtained in these papers will not be counted for
ranking.
(ii) Evaluation of the papers, namely, 'Essay', 'General Studies' and Optional Subject of all the candidates
would be done simultaneously along with evaluation of their qualifying papers on ‘Indian Languages’ and
‘English’ but the papers on Éssay', General Studies and Optional Subject of only such candidates will be
taken cognizance who attain 25% marks in ‘Indian Language’ and 25% in English as minimum qualifying
standards in these qualifying papers.
(iii) The paper A on Indian Language will not, however, be compulsory for candidates hailing from the States
of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Sikkim.
(iv) The paper A on Indian Language will not, however, be compulsory for Candidates belonging to Persons
with Benchmark Disability (only Hearing Impairment sub-category) provided that they have been granted
such exemption from 2nd or 3rd language courses by the concerned education Board/University. The
candidate needs to provide an undertaking/self declaration in this regard in order to claim such an
exemption to the Commission.
(v) Marks obtained by the candidates for the Paper I-VII only will be counted for merit ranking. However,
the Commission will have the discretion to fix qualifying marks in any or all of these papers.
(vi) For the Language medium/literature of languages, the scripts to be used by the candidates will be as
under :—
Language Script
Assamese Assamese
Bengali Bengali
Gujarati Gujarati
Hindi Devanagari
Kannada Kannada
Kashmiri Persian
Konkani Devanagari
Malayalam Malayalam
Manipuri Bengali
Marathi Devanagari
Nepali Devanagari
Odia Odia
Punjabi Gurumukhi
Sanskrit Devanagari

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Sindhi Devanagari or Arabic

Tamil Tamil
Telugu Telugu
Urdu Persian
Bodo Devanagari
Dogri Devanagari
Maithilli Devanagari
Santhali Devanagari or Olchiki
Note : For Santhali language, question paper will be printed in Devanagari script; but candidates will be
free to answer either in Devanagari script or in Olchiki.

2. List of optional subjects for Main Examination:

(i) Agriculture
(ii) Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
(iii) Anthropology
(iv) Botany
(v) Chemistry
(vi) Civil Engineering
(vii) Commerce and Accountancy
(viii) Economics
(ix) Electrical Engineering
(x) Geography
(xi) Geology
(xii) History
(xiii) Law
(xiv) Management
(xv) Mathematics
(xvi) Mechanical Engineering
(xvii) Medical Science
(xviii) Philosophy
(xix) Physics
(xx) Political Science and International Relations
(xxi) Psychology
(xxii) Public Administration
(xxiii) Sociology
(xxiv) Statistics
(xxv) Zoology
(xxvi) Literature of any one of the following languages:
Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam,
Manipuri, Marathi, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu and English.

Note :
(i) The question papers for the examination will be of conventional (essay) type.
(ii) Each paper will be of three hours duration.
(iii) Candidates will have the option to answer all the question papers, except the Qualifying Language

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(ii) If a candidate’s handwriting is not easily legible, a deduction will be made on this account from
the total marks otherwise accruing to the candidate.
(iii) Marks will not be allotted for mere superficial knowledge.
(iv) Credit will be given for orderly, effective and exact expression combined with due economy of
words in all subjects of the examination.
(v) In the question papers, wherever required, SI units will be used.
(vi) Candidates should use only International form of Indian numerals (i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 etc.) while
answering question papers.
(vii) Candidates will be allowed the use of Scientific (Non-Programmable type) Calculators at the
conventional (Essay) type examination of UPSC. Programmable type calculators will however
not be allowed and the use of such calculators shall tantamount to resorting to unfair means
by the candidates. Loaning or interchanging of calculators in the Examination Hall is not
permitted. It is also important to note that candidates are not permitted to use calculators for
answering objective type papers (Test Booklets). They should not therefore bring the same inside
the Examination Hall.

C. Interview/Personality Test
The candidate will be interviewed by a Board who will have before them a record of the
candidate’s career. The candidate will be asked questions on matters of general interest. The object of the
Interview/Personality Test is to assess the personal suitability of the candidate for a career in public service
by a Board of competent and unbiased observers. The Interview/Personality Test is intended to judge the
mental calibre of a candidate. In broad terms this is really an assessment of not only intellectual qualities
but also social traits and interest in current affairs. Some of the qualities to be judged are mental alertness,
critical powers of assimilation, clear and logical exposition, balance of judgement, variety and depth of
interest, ability for social cohesion and leadership, intellectual and moral integrity.

2. The technique of the Interview/Personality Test is not that of a strict cross-examination but of a
natural, though directed and purposive conversation which is intended to reveal the mental qualities of the
candidate.3. The Interview/Personality Test is not intended to be a test either of the specialized or general
knowledge of the candidates which has been already tested through their written papers. Candidates are
expected to have taken an intelligent interest not only in their special subjects of academic study but also
in the events which are happening around them both within and outside their own State or Country as well
as in modern currents of thought and in new discoveries which should rouse the curiosity of well-educated
youth.

SECTION III: SYLLABI FOR THE EXAMINATION

Note: Candidates are advised to go through the Syllabus published in this Section for the Preliminary
Examination and the Main Examination, as periodic revision of syllabus has been done in several subjects.

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks) Duration: Two hours

 Current events of national and international importance.

 History of India and Indian National Movement.
 Indian and World Geography-Physical, Social, Economic Geography of India and the World.

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 Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights
Issues, etc.
 Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social
Sector Initiatives, etc.
 General issues on Environmental ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate Change - that do not require
subject specialization.
 General Science.

Paper II-(200 marks) Duration : Two hours

 Comprehension;
 Interpersonal skills including communication skills;
 Logical reasoning and analytical ability;
 Decision making and problem solving;
 General mental ability;
 Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data
interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. — Class X level);
Note 1 : Paper-II of the Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination will be a qualifying paper with
minimum qualifying marks fixed at 33%.
Note 2 : The questions will be of multiple choice, objective type.

Note 3 : It is mandatory for the candidate to appear in both the Papers of Civil Services (Prelim)
Examination for the purpose of evaluation. Therefore a candidate will be disqualified in case he/she does
not appear in both the papers of Civil Services (Prelim) Examination.

Part B—Main Examination

The main Examination is intended to assess the overall intellectual traits and depth of understanding
of candidates rather than merely the range of their information and memory.

The nature and standard of questions in the General Studies papers (Paper II to Paper V) will be such
that a well-educated person will be able to answer them without any specialized study. The questions will
be such as to test a candidate’s general awareness of a variety of subjects, which will have relevance for a
career in Civil Services. The questions are likely to test the candidate’s basic understanding of all relevant
issues, and ability to analyze, and take a view on conflicting socio-economic goals, objectives and demands.
The candidates must give relevant, meaningful and succinct answers.

The scope of the syllabus for optional subject papers (Paper VI and Paper VII) for the examination is
broadly of the honours degree 1evel i.e. a level higher than the bachelors’ degree and lower than the masters’
degree. In the case of Engineering, Medical Science and law, the level corresponds to the bachelors’ degree.

Syllabi of the papers included in the scheme of Civil Services (Main) Examination are given as follows :—

QUALIFYING PAPERS ON INDIAN LANGUAGES AND ENGLISH

The aim of the paper is to test the candidates' ability to read and understand serious discursive prose,

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and to express ideas clearly and correctly, in English and Indian language concerned.

The pattern of questions would be broadly as follows :

(i) Comprehension of given passages.

(ii) Precis Writing.

(iii) Usage and Vocabulary.

(iv) Short Essays.

Indian Languages :—

(i) comprehension of given passages.

(ii) Precis Writing.

(iii) Usage and Vocabulary.

(iv) Short Essays.

(v) Translation from English to the Indian Language and vice-versa.

Note 1 : The papers on Indian Languages and English will be of Matriculation or equivalent standard and
will be of qualifying nature only. The marks obtained in these papers will not be counted for ranking.

Note 2 : The candidates will have to answer the English and Indian Languages papers in English and the
respective Indian language (except where translation is involved).

PAPER-I

Essay: Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple topics. They will be expected to keep closely
to the subject of the essay to arrange their ideas in orderly fashion, and to write concisely. Credit will be
given for effective and exact expression.

PAPER-II

General Studies-I: Indian Heritage and Culture, History and Geography of the World and Society.

 Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to
modern times.

 Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth century until the present- significant
events, personalities, issues.

 The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different
parts of the country.

 Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.

 History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars,
redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism,
capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.

 Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.

 Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and
developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their remedies.

 Effects of globalization on Indian society.

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 Social empowerment, communalism, regionalism & secularism.

 Salient features of world’s physical geography.

 Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and the Indian sub-
continent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in
various parts of the world (including India).

 Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.,
geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies
and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

PAPER-III

General Studies- II: Governance, Constitution, Polity, Social Justice and International relations.

 Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions

and basic structure.

 Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the
federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.

 Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions.

 Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries.

 Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges
and issues arising out of these.

 Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and
Departments of the Government; pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the
Polity.

 Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.

 Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various

Constitutional Bodies.

 Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.

 Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of
their design and implementation.

 Development processes and the development industry —the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and
associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.

 Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the
performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection
and betterment of these vulnerable sections.

 Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health,

Education, Human Resources.

 Issues relating to poverty and hunger.

 Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications, models,

successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and institutional

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and other measures.

 Role of civil services in a democracy.

 India and its neighborhood- relations.

 Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s
interests.

 Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian
diaspora.

 Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.

PAPER-IV

General Studies-III: Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security and
Disaster Management

 Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and
employment.

 Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.

 Government Budgeting.

 Major crops-cropping patterns in various parts of the country, - different types of irrigation and
irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related
constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.

 Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution
System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security;
Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.

 Food processing and related industries in India- scope’ and significance, location, upstream and
downstream requirements, supply chain management.

 Land reforms in India.

 Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial
growth.

 Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.

 Investment models.

 Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.

 Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new
technology.

 Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues
relating to intellectual property rights.

 Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

 Disaster and disaster management.

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 Linkages between development and spread of extremism.

 Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.

 Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking
sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention.

 Security challenges and their management in border areas - linkages of organized crime with terrorism.

 Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.

PAPER-V

General Studies- IV: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude

 This paper will include questions to test the candidates’ attitude and approach to issues relating to
integrity, probity in public life and his problem solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by
him in dealing with society. Questions may utilise the case study approach to determine these aspects.
The following broad areas will be covered :

 Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions;
dimensions of ethics; ethics - in private and public relationships. Human Values - lessons from the lives
and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family society and educational
institutions in inculcating values.

 Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and
political attitudes; social influence and persuasion.

 Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship,
objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.

 Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in administration and governance.

 Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.

 Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status and problems; ethical concerns
and dilemmas in government and private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources
of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in
governance; ethical issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance.

 Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity;
Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of
Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds,
challenges of corruption.

 Case Studies on above issues.

PAPER-VI & PAPER VII

Optional Subject Papers I & II

Candidate may choose any optional subject from amongst the List of Optional Subjects given in Para 2.

AGRICULTURE

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CHEMISTRY

PAPER-I

1. Atomic Structure :

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle Schrodinger wave equation (time independent); Interpretation of

wave function, particle in one- dimensional box, quantum numbers, hydrogen atom wave functions; Shapes
of s, p and d orbitals.

2. Chemical bonding :

Ionic bond, characteristics of ionic compounds, lattice energy, Born-Haber cycle; covalent bond and
its general characteristics, polarities of bonds in molecules and their dipole moments; Valence bond theory,
concept of resonance and resonance energy; Molecular orbital theory (LCAO method); bonding H2 +, H2
He2 + to Ne2, NO, CO, HF, CN–, Comparison of valence bond and molecular orbital theories, bond order,
bond strength and bond length.

3. Solid state :

Crystal systems; Designation of crystal faces, lattice structures and unit cell; Bragg's law; X-ray
diffraction by crystals; Close packing, radius ratio rules, calculation of some limiting radius ratio values;
Structures of NaCl, ZnS, CsCl, CaF2; stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric defects, impurity defects, semi-
conductors.

4. The gaseous state and Transport Phenomenon :

Equation of state for real gases, intermolecular interactions, and critical phenomena and liquefaction
of gases; Maxwell’s distribution of speeds, intermolecular collisions, collisions on the wall and effusion;
Thermal conductivity and viscosity of ideal gases.

5. Liquid State :

Kelvin equation; Surface tension and surface enercy, wetting and contact angle, interfacial tension
and capillary action.

6. Thermodynamics :

Work, heat and internal energy; first law of thermodynamics.

Second law of thermodynamics; entropy as a state function, entropy changes in various processes,
entropy-reversibility and irreversibility, Free energy functions; Thermodynamic equation of state; Maxwell
relations; Temperature, volume and pressure dependence of U, H, A, G, Cp and Cv, and ; J-T effect
and inversion temperature; criteria for equilibrium, relation between equilibrium constant and
thermodynamic quantities; Nernst heat theorem, introductory idea of third law of thermodynamics.

7. Phase equilibria and solutions :

Clausius-Clapeyron equation; phase diagram for a pure substance; phase equilibria in binary
systems, partially miscible liquids—upper and lower critical solution temperatures; partial molar quantities,
their significance and determination; excess thermodynamic functions and their determination.

8. Electrochemistry :

Debye-Huckel theory of strong electrolytes and Debye-Huckel limiting Law for various equilibrium
and transport properties.

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Galvanic cells, concentration cells; electrochemical series, measurement of e.m.f. of cells and its
applications fuel cells and batteries.

Processes at electrodes; double layer at the interface; rate of charge transfer, current density;
overpotential; electroanalytical techniques : amperometry, ion selective electrodes and their use.

9. Chemical kinetics:

Differential and integral rate equations for zeroth, first, second and fractional order reactions; Rate
equations involving reverse, parallel, consecutive and chain reactions; Branching chain and explosions;
effect of temperature and pressure on rate constant. Study of fast reactions by stop-flow and relaxation
methods. Collisions and transition state theories.

10. Photochemistry:

Absorption of light; decay of excited state by different routes; photochemical reactions between
hydrogen and halogens and their quantum yields.

11. Surface phenomena and catalysis:

Adsorption from gases and solutions on solid adsorbents; Langmuir and B.E.T. adsorption
isotherms; determination of surface area, characteristics and mechanism of reaction on heterogeneous
catalysts.

12. Bio-inorganic chemistry:

Metal ions in biological systems and their role in ion-transport across the membranes (molecular
mechanism), oxygen-uptake proteins, cytochromes and ferrodoxins.

13. Coordination chemistry :

(i) Bonding in transition of metal complexes. Valence bond theory, crystal field theory and its
modifications; applications of theories in the explanation of magnetism and elctronic spectra of metal
complexes.

(ii) Isomerism in coordination compounds; IUPAC nomenclature of coordination compounds;

stereochemistry of complexes with 4 and 6 coordination numbers; chelate effect and polynuclear
complexes; trans effect and its theories; kinetics of substitution reactions in square-planar
complexes; thermodynamic and kinetic stability of complexes.

(iii) EAN rule, Synthesis structure and reactivity of metal carbonyls; carboxylate anions, carbonyl
hydrides and metal nitrosyl compounds.

(iv) Complexes with aromatic systems, synthesis, structure and bonding in metal olefin complexes,
alkyne complexes and cyclopentadienyl complexes; coordinative unsaturation, oxidative
addition reactions, insertion reactions, fluxional molecules and their characterization; Compounds
with metal—metal bonds and metal atom clusters.

14. Main Group Chemistry:

Boranes, borazines, phosphazenes and cyclic phosphazene, silicates and silicones, Interhalogen
compounds; Sulphur—nitrogen compounds, noble gas compounds.

15. General Chemistry of ‘f’ Block Element:

Lanthanides and actinides: separation, oxidation states, magnetic and spectral properties;
lanthanide contraction.

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PAPER-II

1. Delocalised covalent bonding :

Aromaticity, anti-aromaticity; annulenes, azulenes, tropolones, fulvenes, sydnones.

2. (i) Reaction mechanisms : General methods (both kinetic and non-kinetic) of study of
mechanisms or organic reactions : isotopies, mathod cross-over experiment, intermediate trapping,
stereochemistry; energy of activation; thermodynamic control and kinetic control of reactions.

(ii) Reactive intermediates : Generation, geometry, stability and reactions of carboniumions

and carbanions, free radicals, carbenes, benzynes and nitrenes.
(iii) Substitution reactions :—SN 1, SN 2, and SN i, mechanisms ; neighbouring group
participation; electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of aromatic compounds including heterocyclic
compounds—pyrrole, furan, thiophene and indole.

(iv) Elimination reactions :—E1, E2 and E1cb mechanisms; orientation in E2 reactions—

Saytzeff and Hoffmann; pyrolytic syn elimination—acetate pyrolysis, Chugaev and Cope
eliminations.

(v) Addition reactions :—Electrophilic addition to C=C and CC; nucleophilic addition to C=O,
CN, conjugated olefins and carbonyls.

(vi) Reactions and Rearrangements :—(a) Pinacol-pinacolone, Hoffmann, Beckmann, Baeyer-

Villiger, Favorskii, Fries, Claisen, Cope, Stevens and Wagner—Meerwein rearrangements.

(b) Aldol condensation, Claisen condensation, Dieckmann, Perkin, Knoevenagel, Witting,

Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, Cannizzaro and von Richter reactions; Stobbe, benzoin and acyloin
condensations; Fischer indole synthesis, Skraup synthesis, Bischler-Napieralski, Sandmeyer,
Reimer-Tiemann and Reformatsky reactions.

3. Pericyclic reactions :—Classification and examples; Woodward-Hoffmann rules—electrocyclic

reactions, cycloaddition reactions [2+2 and 4+2] and sigmatropic shifts [1, 3; 3, 3 and 1, 5], FMO
approach.

4. (i) Preparation and Properties of Polymers: Organic polymerspolyethylene, polystyrene,

polyvinyl chloride, teflon, nylon, terylene, synthetic and natural rubber.

(ii) Biopolymers: Structure of proteins, DNA and RNA.

5. Synthetic Uses of Reagents:

OsO4, HlO4, CrO3, Pb(OAc)4, SeO2, NBS, B2H6, Na-Liquid NH3, LiAIH4, NaBH4, n-BuLi, MCPBA.

6. Photochemistry :—Photochemical reactions of simple organic compounds, excited and ground

states, singlet and triplet states, Norrish-Type I and Type II reactions.

7. Spectroscopy:

Principle and applications in structure elucidation :

(i) Rotational—Diatomic molecules; isotopic substitution and rotational constants.

(ii) Vibrational—Diatomic molecules, linear triatomic molecules, specific frequencies of

functional groups in polyatomic molecules.

(iii) Electronic—Singlet and triplet states. n and  transitions; application to

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conjugated double bonds and conjugated carbonyls Woodward-Fieser rules; Charge transfer spectra.

(iv) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1HNMR): Basic principle; chemical shift and spin-spin
interaction and coupling constants.

(v) Mass Spectrometry :—Parent peak, base peak, metastable peak, McLafferty rearrangement.

CIVIL ENGINEERING

PAPER-I

1. Engineering Mechanics, Strength of Materials and Structural Analysis.

1.1 Engineering Mechanics :

Units and Dimensions, SI Units, Vectors, Concept of Force, Concept of particle and rigid body.
Concurrent, Non- Concurrent and parallel forces in a plane, moment of force free body diagram,
conditions of equilibrium, Principle of virtual work, equivalent force system.

First and Second Moment of area, Mass moment of Inertia.

Static Friction.

Kinematics and Kinetics:

Kinematics in cartesian Co-ordinates, motion under uniform and non-uniform acceleration, motion
under gravity. Kinetics of particle : Momentum and Energy principles, collision of elastic bodies,
rotation of rigid bodies.

1.2 Strength of Materials :

Simple Stress and Strain, Elastic constants, axially loaded compression members, Shear force and
bending moment, theory of simple bending, Shear Stress distribution across cross sections, Beams
of uniform strength.

Deflection of beams: Mecaulay’s method, Mohr’s Moment area method, Conjugate beam method,
unit load method. Torsion of Shafts, Elastic stability of columns, Euler’s, Rankine’s and Secant
formulae.

1.3 Structural Analysis :

Castiglianio’s theorems I and II, unit load method, of consistent deformation applied to beams and
pin jointed trusses. Slope-deflection, moment distribution.

Rolling loads and Influences lines : Influences lines for Shear Force and Bending moment at a
section of a beam. Criteria for maximum shear force and bending Moment in beams traversed by a
system of moving loads. Influences lines for simply supported plane pin jointed trusses.

Arches : Three hinged, two hinged and fixed arches, rib shortening and temperature effects.

Matrix mehods of analysis : Force method and displacement method of analysis of indeterminate
beams and rigid frames.

Plastic Analysis of beams and frames : Theory of plastic bending, plastic analysis, statical method,
Mechanism method.

Unsymmetrical bending : Moment of inertia, product of inertia, position of Neutral Axis and Principal

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Vishwa Nath Khajuria, Narayan Mishra, Balkrishan Shastri, Shiv Nath, Shyam Lal Sharma, Lakshmi
Narayan, D.C. Prashant, Ved Ghai, Kunwar Viyogi.
ENGLISH
The syllabus consists of two papers, designed to test a first-hand and critical reading of texts prescribed
from the following periods in English Literature : Paper 1 : 1600-1900 and Paper 2 : 1900–1990.
There will be two compulsory questions in each paper : (a) A short-notes question related to the topics for
general study, and (b) A critical analysis of UNSEEN passages both in prose and verse.
PAPER I
(Answers must be written in English)
Texts for detailed study are listed below. Candidates will also be required to show adequate knowledge
of the following topics and movements :
The Renaissance; Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama; Metaphysical Poetry; The Epic and the Mock-epic; Neo-
classicism; Satire; The Romantic Movement; The Rise of the Novel; The Victorian Age.
Section A
1. William Shakespeare : King Lear and The Tempest.
2. John Donne. The following poems :
–Canonization;
–Death be not proud;
–The Good Morrow;
–On his Mistress going to bed;
–The Relic;
3. John Milton : Paradise Lost, I, II, IV, IX.

4. Alexander Pope. The Rape of the Lock.

5. William Wordsworth. The following poems :

– Ode on Intimations of Immortality.

– Tintern Abbey.

– Three years she grew.

– She dwelt among untrodden ways.

– Michael.

– Resolution and Independence.

– The World is too much with us.

– Milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour.

– Upon Westminster Bridge.

6. Alfred Tennyson : In Memoriam.

7. Henrik Ibsen : A Doll’s House.

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Section B

1. Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels.

2. Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice.

3. Henry Fielding. Tom Jones.

4. Charles Dickens. Hard Times.

5. George Eliot. The Mill on the Floss.

6. Thomas Hardy. Tess of the d’Urbervilles.

7. Mark Twain. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.

PAPER II

(Answers must be written in English)

Texts for detailed study are listed below. Candidates will also be required to show adequate knowledge
of the following topics and movements :

Modernism; Poets of the Thirties; The stream-of-consciousness Novel; Absurd Drama; Colonialism and Post-
Colonialism; Indian Writing in English; Marxist, Psychoanalytical and Feminist approaches to literature;
Post-Modernism.

Section A

1. William Butler Yeats. The following poems :

– Easter 1916.

– The Second Coming.

– A Prayer for my daughter.

– Sailing to Byzantium.

– The Tower.

– Among School Children.

– Leda and the Swan.

– Meru.

– Lapis Lazuli.

– The Second Coming.

– Byzantium.

2. T.S. Eliot. The following poems :

– The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.

– Journey of the Magi.

– Burnt Norton.

3. W.H. Auden. The following poems :

– Partition

– Musee des Beaux Arts

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– In Memory of W.B. Yeats

– Lay your sleeping head, my love

– The Unknown Citizen

– Consider

– Mundus Et Infans

– The Shield of Achilles

– September 1, 1939

– Petition

4. John Osborne : Look Back in Anger.

5. Samuel Beckett. Waiting for Godot.

6. Philip Larkin. The following poems :

– Next

– Please

– Deceptions

– Afternoons

– Days

– Mr. Bleaney

7. A.K. Ramanujan. The following poems :

– Looking for a Cousin on a Swing

– A River

– Of Mothers, among other Things

– Love Poem for a Wife 1

– Small-Scale Reflections on a Great House

– Obituary

(All these poems are available in the anthology Ten Twentieth Century Indian Poets, edited by
R. Parthasarthy, published by Oxford University Press, New Delhi).

Section B

1. Joseph Conrad. Lord Jim.

2. James Joyce. Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.

3. D.H. Lawrence. Sons and Lovers.

4. E.M. Forster. A Passage to India.

5. Virginia Woolf. Mrs. Dalloway.

6. Raja Rao. Kanthapura.

7. V.S. Naipaul. A House for Mr. Biswas.

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PAPER II
(Answers must be written in Gujarati)
The paper will require first-hand reading of the texts prescribed and will be designed to test the critical
ability of the candidate.
Section A
1. Medieval
(i) Vasantvilas phagu—AJNATKRUT
(ii) Kadambari—BHALAN
(iii) Sudamacharitra—PREMANAND
(iv) Chandrachandravatini varta—SHAMAL
(v) Akhegeeta—AKHO
2. Sudharakyug & Pandityug
(vi) Mari Hakikat—NARMADASHA
(vii) Farbasveerah—DALPATRAM
(viii) Saraswatichandra-Part 1—GOVARDHANRAM TRIPATHI
(ix) Purvalap—‘KANT’ (MANISHANKAR RATNAJI BHATT)
(x) Raino Parvat—RAMANBHAI NEELKANTH
Section B
1. Gandhiyug & Anu Gandhiyug
(i) Hind Swaraj—MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI
(ii) Patanni Prabhuta—KANHAIYALAL MUNSHI
(iii) Kavyani Shakti—RAMNARAYAN VISHWANATH PATHAK
(iv) Saurashtrani Rasdhar-Part 1—ZAVERCHAND MEGHANI
(v) Manvini Bhavai—PANNALAL PATEL
(vi) Dhvani—RAJENDRA SHAH
2. Adhunik yug
(vii) Saptapadi—UMASHANKAR JOSHI
(viii) Janantike—SURESH JOSHI
(ix) Ashwatthama—SITANSHU YASHASCHANDRA.
HINDI
PAPER I
(Answers must be written in Hindi)
Section A
1. History of Hindi Language and Nagari Lipi
I. Grammatical and applied forms of Apbhransh, Awahatta & Arambhik Hindi.

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II. Development of Braj and Awadhi as Literary language during medieval period.
III. Early form of Khari-boli in Siddha-Nath Sahitya, Khusero, Sant Sahitaya, Rahim etc. and Dakhni
Hindi.
IV. Development of Khari-boli and Nagari Lipi during 19th Century.
V. Standardisation of Hindi Bhasha & Nagari Lipi.
VI. Development of Hindi as a National Language during freedom movement.
VII. The development of Hindi as a National Language of Union of India.
VIII. Scientific & Technical Development of Hindi Language.
IX. Prominent dialects of Hindi and their inter-relationship.
X. Salient features of Nagari Lipi and the efforts for its reform & Standard form of Hindi.
XI. Grammatical structure of Standard Hindi.
Section B
2. History of Hindi Literature
I. The relevance and importance of Hindi literature and tradition of writing History of Hindi
Literature.
II. Literary trends of the following four periods of history of Hindi Literature.
A : Adikal—Sidh, Nath and Raso Sahitya.
Prominent poets—Chandvardai, Khusaro, Hemchandra, Vidyapati.
B : Bhaktikal—Sant Kavyadhara, Sufi Kavyadhara, Krishna Bhaktidhara and Ram Bhaktidhara.
Prominent Poets—Kabir, Jayasi, Sur & Tulsi.
C : Ritikal—Ritikavya, Ritibaddhkavya & Riti Mukta Kavya. Prominent Poets—Keshav, Bihari,
Padmakar and Ghananand.
D : Adhunik Kal—
a. Renaissance, the development of Prose, Bharatendu Mandal.
b. Prominent Writers—Bharatendu, Bal Krishna Bhatt & Pratap Narain Mishra.
c. Prominent trends of modern Hindi Poetry: Chhayavad, Pragativad, Prayogvad, Nai Kavita,
Navgeet and Contemporary poetry and Janvadi Kavita.
Prominent Poets—Maithili Sharan Gupta, Prasad, Nirala, Mahadevi, Dinkar, Agyeya,
Muktibodh, Nagarjun.
3. Katha Sahitya
B
A : Upanyas & Realism
B : The origin and development of Hindi Novels.
C : ProminentNovelists—Premchand, Jain-endra, Yashpal, Renu and Bhism Sahani.
D : The origin and development of Hindi short story.
E : Prominent Short Story Writers—Premchand, Prasad, Agyeya, Mohan Rakesh & Krishna Sobti.
4. Drama & Theatre

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A : The Origin & Development of Hindi Drama.

B : Prominent Dramatists—Bharatendu, Prasad, Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Ram Kumar Verma,
Mohan Rakesh.
C : The development of Hindi Theatre.
5. Criticism
A : The origin and development of Hindi criticism : Saiddhantik, Vyavharik, Pragativadi.
Manovishleshanvadi & Nai Alochana.
B : Prominent critics—Ramchandra Shukla, Hajari Prasad Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma & Nagendra.
6. The other form of Hindi prose—Lalit Nibandh,Rekhachitra, Sansmaran, Yatra-vrittant.
PAPER II
(Answers must be written in Hindi)
The paper will require first-hand reading of the prescribed texts and will test the critical ability of the
candidates.
Section A
1. Kabir : Kabir Granthawali, Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (First hundred Sakhis)
2. Soordas : Bhramar Geetsar, Ed. Ramchandra Shukla (First hundred Padas)
3. Tulsidas : Ramcharit Manas (Sundar Kand) Kavitawali (Uttarkand)
4. Jayasi : Padmawat Ed. Shyam Sundar Das (Sinhal Dwip Khand & Nagmativiyog
Khand)
5. Bihari : Bihari Ratnakar Ed. Jagnnath Prasad Ratnakar (First 100 Dohas)
6. Maithili Sharan : Bharat Bharati
Gupta
7. Prasad : Kamayani (Chinta and Shraddha Sarg)
8. Nirala : Rag-Virag, Ed. Ram Vilas Sharma (Ram Ki Shakti Pooja & Kukurmutta)
9. Dinkar : Kurukshetra
10. Agyeya : Angan Ke Par Dwar (Asadhya Veena)
11. Muktiboth : Brahm Rakhashas
12. Nagarjun : Badal Ko Ghirte Dekha Hai, Akal Ke Bad, Harijan Gatha.
Section B
1. Bharatendu : Bharat Durdasha
2. Mohan Rakesh : Ashadh Ka Ek Din
3. Ramchandra : Chintamani (Part I) (KavitaKya Shukla Hai, ShraddhaAurBhakti)

4. Dr. Satyendra : Nibandh Nilaya—Bal Krishna Bhatt, Premchand, Gulab Rai, Hajari Prasad

Dwivedi, Ram Vilas Sharma, Agyeya, Kuber Nath Rai.

5. Premchand : Godan, Premchand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan, Ed. Amrit

Rai/Manjusha—Prem Chand ki Sarvashreshtha Kahaniyan. Ed. Amrit Rai.

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6. Prasad : Skandgupta

7. Yashpal : Divya

8. Phaniswar Nath : Maila Anchal

Renu

9. Mannu Bhandari : Mahabhoj

10. Rajendra Yadav : Ek Dunia Samanantar (All Stories)

KANNADA

PAPER-I

(Answers must be written in Kannada)

Section A

A. History of Kannada Language

What is Language ? General characteristics of Language. Dravidian Family of Languages and its specific
features. Antiquity of Kannada Language. Different phases of its Development.

Dialects of Kannada Language : Regional and Social. Various aspects of developments of Kannada
Language: phonological and Semantic changes. Language borrowing.

B. History of Kannada Literature

Ancient Kannada literature : Influence and Trends, Poets for study : Specified poets from Pampa to
Ratnakara Varni are to be studied in the light of contents, form and expression : Pampa, Janna,
Nagachandra.

Medieval Kannada literature : Influence and Trends.

Vachana Literature : Basavanna, Akka Mahadevi.

Medieval Poets : Harihara, Raghavanka, Kumara-Vyasa.

Dasa literature : Purandara and Kanaka.

Sangataya : Ratnakarvarni

C. Modern Kannada literature : Influence, trends and ideologies, Navodaya, Pragatishila, Navya, Dalita
and Bandaya.

Section B

A. Poetics and Literary Criticism

Definition and concepts of poetry; Word, Meaning, Alankara, Reeti, Rasa, Dhwani, Auchitya.

Interpretations of Rasa Sutra. Modern Trends of literary criticism : Formalist, Historical, Marxist,
Feminist, Post-colonial criticism.

B. Cultural History of Karnataka

Contribution of Dynasties to the culture of Karnataka: Chalukyas of Badami and Kalyani,

Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagara rulers, in literary context.

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control of project; Trends in information technology; Managing data resources—Organising data. DSS
and RDBMS; Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Expert systems, e-Business architecture, e-Governance;
Information systems planning, Flexibility in information systems; User involvement; Evaluation of
information systems.
4. Government Business Interface :
State participation in business, Interaction between Government, Business and different Chambers of
Commerce and Industry in India; Government’s ploicy with regard to Small Scale Industries; Government
clearances for establishing a new enterprise; Public Distribution System; Government control over price and
distribution; Consumer Protection Act (CPA) and The Role of Voluntary Organizations in protecting
consumers’ rights; New Industrial Policy of the Government : liberalization, deregulation and privatisation;
Indian planning system; Government policy concerning development of Backward areas/regions; The
Responsibilities of the business as well as the Government to protect the environment; Corporate
Governance; Cyber Laws.
5. Strategic Cost Management :
Business policy as a field of study; Nature and scope of strategic management, Strategic intent, vision,
objectives and policies; Process of strategic planning and implementa-tion; Environmental analysis and
internal analysis; SWOT analysis; Tools and techniques for strategic analysis—Impact matrix: The
experience curve, BCG matrix, GEC mode, Industry analysis, Concept of value chain; Strategic profile of a
firm; Framework for analysing competition; Competitive advantage of a firm; Generic competitive strategies;
Growth strategies—expansion, integration and diversification; Concept of core competence, Strategic
flexibility; Reinventing strategy; Strategy and structure; chief Executive and Board; turnaround
management; Management of strategic change; Strategic alliances, Mergers and Acquisitions; Strategy and
corporate evolution in the Indian context.
6. International Business :
International Business Environment : Changing composition of trade in goods and services; India’s Foreign
Trade: Policy and trends; Financing of International trade; Regional Economic Cooperation; FTAs;
Internationalisation of service firms; International production; Operation Management in International
companies; International Taxation; Global competitiveness and technological developments; Global E-
Business; Designing global organisational structure and control; Multicultural management; Global
business strategy; Global marketing strategies; Export Management; Export-Import procedures; Joint
Ventures; Foreign Investment: Foreign direct investment and foreign portfolio investment; Cross-border
Mergers and Acquisitions; Foreign Exchange Risk Exposure Management; World Financial Markets and
International Banking; External Debt Management; Country Risk Analysis.

MATHEMATICS
PAPER I
(1) Linear Algebra :
Vector spaces over R and C, linear dependence and independence, subspaces, bases, dimensions, Linear
transformations, rank and nullity, matrix of a linear transformation.
Algebra of Matrices; Row and column reduction, Echelon form, congruence’s and similarity; Rankof a
matrix; Inverse of a matrix; Solution of system of linear equations; Eigenvalues and eigenvectors,

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characteristic polynomial, Cayley-Hamilton theorem, Symmetric, skew-symmetric, Hermitian, skew-

Hermitian, orthogonal and unitary matrices and their eigenvalues.
(2) Calculus :
Real numbers, functions of a real variable, limits, continuity, differentiability, mean-value theorem, Taylor’s
theorem with remainders, indeterminate forms, maxima and minima, asymptotes; Curve tracing; Functions
of two or three variables; Limits, continuity, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, Lagrange’s method of
multipliers, Jacobian.
Riemann’s definition of definite integrals; Indefinite integrals; Infinite and improper integral; Double and
triple integrals (evaluation techniques only); Areas, surface and volumes.
(3) Analytic Geometry :
Cartesian and polar coordinates in three dimensions, second degree equations in three variables, reduction
to Canonical forms; straight lines, shortest distance between two skew lines, Plane, sphere, cone, cylinder,
paraboloid, ellipsoid, hyperboloid of one and two sheets and their properties.
(4) Ordinary Differential Equations :
Formulation of differential equations; Equations of first order and first degree, integrating factor; Orthogonal
trajectory; Equations of first order but not of first degree, Clairaut’s equation, singular solution.
Second and higher order liner equations with constant coefficients, complementary function, particular
integral and general solution.
Section order linear equations with variable coefficients, Euler-Cauchy equation; Determination of complete
solution when one solution is known using method of variation of parameters.
Laplace and Inverse Laplace transforms and their properties, Laplace transforms of elementary functions.
Application to initial value problems for 2nd order linear equations with constant coefficients.
(5) Dynamics and Statics :
Rectilinear motion, simple harmonic motion, motion in a plane, projectiles; Constrained motion; Work and
energy, conservation of energy; Kepler’s laws, orbits under central forces.
Equilibrium of a system of particles; Work and potential energy, friction, Common catenary; Principle of
virtual work; Stability of equilibrium, equilibrium of forces in three dimensions.
(6) Vector Analysis :
Scalar and vector fields, differentiation of vector field of a scalar variable; Gradient, divergence and curl in
cartesian and cylindrical coordinates; Higher order derivatives; Vector identities and vector equation.
Application to geometry : Curves in space, curvature and torsion; Serret-Furenet's formulae.
Gauss and Stokes’ theorems, Green's indentities.
PAPER II
(1) Algebra :
Groups, subgroups, cyclic groups, cosets, Lagrange’s Theorem, normal subgroups, quotient groups,
homomorphism of groups, basic isomorphism theorems, permutation groups, Cayley’s theorem.
Rings, subrings and ideals, homomorphisms of rings; Integral domains, principal ideal domains, Euclidean
domains and unique factorization domains; Fields, quotient fields.
(2) Real Analysis :
Real number system as an ordered field with least upper bound property; Sequences, limit of a sequence,
Cauchy sequence, completeness of real line; Series and its convergence, absolute and conditional

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convergence of series of real and complex terms, rearrangement of series. Continuity and uniform continuity
of functions, properties of continuous functions on compact sets.
Riemann integral, improper integrals; Fundamental theorems of integral calculus.
Uniform convergence, continuity, differentiability and integrability for sequences and series of functions;
Partial derivatives of functions of several (two or three) variables, maxima and minima.
(3) Complex Analysis :
Analytic function, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Cauchy's theorem, Cauchy's integral formula, power series,
representation of an analytic function, Taylor’s series; Singularities; Laurent’s series; Cauchy’s residue
theorem; Contour integration.
(4) Linear Programming :
Linear programming problems, basic solution, basic feasible solution and optimal solution; Graphical
method and simplex method of solutions; Duality.
Transportation and assignment problems.
(5) Partial Differential Equations :
Family of surfaces in three dimensions and formulation of partial differential equations; Solution of
quasilinear partial differential equations of the first order, Cauchy’s method of characteristics; Linear partial
differential equations of the second order with constant coefficients, canonical form; Equation of a vibrating
string, heat equation, Laplace
equation and their solutions.
(6) Numerical Analysis and Computer Programming :
Numerical methods: Solution of algebraic and transcendental equations of one variable by bisection,
Regula-Falsi and Newton-Raphson methods, solution of system of linear equations by Gaussian Elimination
and Gauss-Jorden (direct), Gauss-Seidel (iterative) methods. Newton’s (forward and backward) and
interpolation, Lagrange’s interpolation.
Numerical integration: Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule, Gaussian quadrature formula.
Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations : Eular and Runga Kutta methods.
Computer Programming : Binary system; Arithmetic and logical operations on numbers; Octal and
Hexadecimal Systems; Conversion to and from decimal Systems; Algebra of binary numbers.
Elements of computer systems and concept of memory; Basic logic gates and truth tables, Boolean algebra,
normal forms.
Representation of unsigned integers, signed integers and reals, double precision reals and long integers.
Algorithms and flow charts for solving numerical analysis problems.
(7) Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics :
Generalised coordinates; D’Alembert’s principle and Lagrange’s equations; Hamilton equations; Moment of
inertia; Motion of rigid bodies in two dimensions.
Equation of continuity; Euler’s equation of motion for inviscid flow; Stream-lines, path of a particle; Potential
flow; Two-dimensional and axisymmetric motion; Sources and sinks, vortex motion; Navier-Stokes equation
for a viscous fluid.

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MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

PAPER I

1. Mechanics :

1.1 Mechanics of Rigid Bodies :

Equations of equilibrium in space and its application; first and second moments of area; simple problems
on friction; kinematics of particles for plane motion; elementary particle dynamics.

1.2 Mechanics of Deformable Bodies :

Generalized Hooke’s law and its application; design problems on axial stress, shear stress and bearing
stress; material properties for dynamic loading; bending shear and stresses in beams; determination of
principle stresses and strains-analytical and graphical; compound and combined stresses; bi-axial stresses-
thin walled pressure vessel; material behaviour and design factors for dynamic load; design of circular shafts
for bending and torsional load only; deflection of beam for statically determinate problems; theories of
failure.

2.Engineering Materials :

Basic concepts on structure of solids, common ferrous and non-ferrous materials and their applications;
heat-treatment of steels; non-metalsplastics, cermics, composite materials and nano-materials.

3.Theory of Machines :

Kinematic and dynamic analysis of plane mechanisms. Cams, Gears and empicyclie gear trains, flywheels,
governors, balancing of rigid rotors, balancing of single and multicy- linder engines, linear vibration analysis
of mechanical systems (single degree of freedom), Critical speeds and whirling of shafts.

4. Manufacturing Science :

4.1 Manufacturing Process:

Machine tool engineering - Merhant’s force analysis: Taylor’s tool life equation; conventional machining; NC
and CNC machining process; jigs and fixtures.

Non-conventional machining-EDM, ECM, ultrasonic, water jet machining etc.; application of lasers and
plasmas; energy rate calculations.

Forming and welding processes-standard processes.

Metrology-concept of fits and tolerances; tools and guages; comparators; inspection of length; position;
profile and surface finish.

4.2 Manufacturing Management :

System design: factory location—simple OR models; plant layout-methods based; applications of engineering
economic analysis and break-even analysis for product selection, process selection and capacity planning;
predetermined time standards.

System planning; forecasting methods based on regression and decomposition, design and blancing of multi
model and stochastic assembly lines; inventory management-probablistic inventory models for order time
and order quanitity determination; JIT systems; strategic sourcing; managing inter plant logistics.

System operations and control: Scheduling algorithms for job shops; applications of statistical methods for
product and process quality control applications of control charts for mean, range, percent defective,
number of defectives and defects per unit; quality cost systems; management of resources, organizations

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and risks in projects.

System improvement: Implementation of systems, such as total quality management, developing and
managing flexible, lean and agile Organizations.

PAPER II

1. Thermodynamics, Gas Dynamics Turbine :

1.1 Basic concept of First-law and Second law of Thermodynamics; concept of entropy and reversibility;
availability and unavailability and irreversibility.

1.2 Classification and properties of fluids; incompressible and compressible fluids flows; effect of Mach
number and compressibility; continuity momentum and energy equations; normal and oblique shocks; one
dimensional isentropic flow; flow or fluids in duct with frictions that transfer.

1.3 Flow through fans, blowers and compressors; axial and centrifugal flow configuration; design of fans
and compressors; single problems compresses and turbine cascade; open and closed cycle gas turbines;
work done in the gas turbine; reheat and regenerators.

2. Heat Transfer :

2.1 Conduction heat transfer—general conduction equation-Laplace, Poisson and Fourier equations;
Fourier law of conduction; one dimensional steady state heat conduction applied to simple wall, solid and
hollow cylinder and spheres.

2.2 Convection heat transfer—Newton’s law of convection; free and forces convection; heat transfer during
laminar and turbulent flow of an incompressible fluid over a flat plate; concepts of Nusselt number,
hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer their thickness; Prandtl number; analogy between heat and
momentum transfer—Reynolds, Colbum, Prandtl analogies; heat transfer during laminar and turbulent flow
through horizontal tubes; free convection from horizontal and vertical plates.

2.3 Black body radiation—basic radiation laws such as Stefan-boltzman, Planck distribution, Wein’s
displacement etc.

2.4 Basic heat exchanger analysis; classification of heat exchangers.

3. Engines :

3.1 Classification, themodynamic cycles of operation; determination of break power, indicated power,
mechanical efficiency, heat balance sheet, interpretation of performance characteristics, petrol, gas and
diesel engines.

3.2 Combustion in SI and CI engines, normal and abnormal combustion; effect of working parameters on
knocking, reduction of knocking; Forms of combustion chamber for SI and CI engines; rating of fuels;
additives; emission.

3.3 Different systems of IC engines-fuels; lubricating; cooling and transmission systems. Alternate fuels in
IC engines.

4. Steam Engineering :

4.1 Steam generation—modified Ranking cycle analysis; Modern steam boilers; steam at critical and
supercritical pressures; draught equipment; natural and artificial draught; boiler fuels solid, liquid and
gaseous fuels. Steam turbines—Principle; types; compounding; impulse and reaction turbines; axial thrust.

4.2 Steam nozzles—flow of steam in convergent and divergent nozzle pressure at throat for maximum
discharge with different initial steam conditions such as wet, saturated and superheated, effect of variation

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of back pressure; supersaturated flow of steam in nozzles, Wilson line.

4.3 Rankine cycle with internal and external irreversibility; reheat factor; reheating and regeneration,
methods of governing; back pressure and pass out turbines.

4.4 Steam power plants—combined cycle power generation; heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) fired
and unfired, co-generation plants.

5. Refrigeration and Air-conditioning :

5.1 Vapour compression refrigeration cycle—cycle on p-H & T-s diagrams; ecofriendly refrigerants—R 134a.
123; Systems like evaporators, condensers, compressor, expansion devices. Simple vapour absorption
systems.

5.2 Psychrometry—properties; processes; charts; sensible heating and cooling; humidification and
dehumidification effective temperature; air-conditioning load calculation; simple duct design.

MEDICAL SCIENCE

PAPER I

1. Human Anatomy :

Applied anatomy including blood and nerve supply of upper and lower limbs and joints of shoulder, hip and
knee.

Gross anatomy, blood supply and lymphatic drainage of tongue, thyroid, mammary gland, stomach, liver,
prostate, gonads and uterus.

Applied anatomy of diaphragm, perineum and inguinal region.

Clinical anatomy of kidney, urinary bladder, uterine tubes, vas deferens.

Embryology : Placenta and placental barrier. Development of heart, gut, kidney. uterus, ovary, testis and
their common congenital abnormalities.

Central and Peripheral Autonomic Nervous System : Gross and clinical anatomy of ventricles of brain,
circulation of cerebrospinal fluid; Neural pathways and lesions of cutaneous sensations, hearing and
vision; Cranial nerves distribution and clinical significance; Components of autonomic nervous system.

2. Human Physiology :

Conduction and transmission of impulse, mechanism of contraction, neuromuscular transmission, reflexes,

control of equilibrium, posture and muscle tone, descending pathways, functions of cerebellum, basal
ganglia, Physiology of sleep and consciousness.

Endocrine System : Mechanism of action of hormones; formation, secretion, transport, metabolism,

function and regulation of secretion of pancreas and pituitary gland.

Physiology of Reproductive System : Pregnancy menstrual cycle, lactation, pregnancy.

Blood : Development, regulation and fate of blood cells.

Cardio-vascular,cardiac output, blood pressure, regulation of cardiovascular functions.

3. Biochemistry :

Organ function tests—liver, kidney, thyroid Protein synthesis.

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PHYSICS

PAPER-I

1. (a) Mechanics of Particles :

Laws of motion; conservation of energy and momentum, applications to rotating frames, centripetal
and Coriolis accelerations; Motion under a central force; Conservation of angular momentum, Kepler’s laws;
Fields and potentials; Gravitational field and potential due to spherical bodies, Gauss and Poisson
equations, gravitational self-energy; Two-body problem; Reduced mass; Rutherford scattering; Centre of
mass and laboratory reference frames.

(b) Mechanics of Rigid Bodies :

System of particles; Centre of mass, angular momentum, equations of motion; Conservation theorems
for energy, momentum and angular momentum; Elastic and inelastic collisions; Rigid Body; Degrees of
freedom, Euler’s theorem, angular velocity, angular momentum, moments of inertia, theorems of parallel
and perpendicular axes, equation of motion for rotation; Molecular rotations (as rigid bodies); Di and tri-
atomic molecules; Precessional motion; top, gyroscope.

(c) Mechanics of Continuous Media :

Elasticity, Hooke’s law and elastic constants of isotropic solids and their inter-relation; Streamline
(Laminar) flow, viscosity, Poiseuille’s equation, Bernoulli’s equation, Stokes’ law and applications.

(d) Special Relativity :

Michelson-Morely experiment and its implications; Lorentz transformations length contraction, time
dilation, addition of relativistic velocities, aberration and Doppler effect, mass-energy relation, simple
applications to a decay process. Four dimensional momentum vector; Covariance of equations of physics.

2. Waves and Optics :

(a) Waves :

Simple harmonic motion, damped oscillation, forced oscillation and resonance; Beats; Stationary
waves in a string; Pulses and wave packets; Phase and group velocities; Reflection and refraction from
Huygens’ principle.

(b) Geometrial Optics :

Laws of reflection and refraction from Fermat’s principle; Matrix method in paraxial optic-thin lens
formula, nodal planes, system of two thin lenses, chromatic and spherical aberrations.

(c) Interference :

Interference of light -Young’s experiment, Newton’s rings, interference by thin films, Michelson
interferometer; Multiple beam interference and Fabry Perot interferometer.

(d) Diffraction :

Fraunhofer diffraction - single slit, double slit, diffraction grating, resolving power; Diffraction by a
circular aperture and the Airy pattern; Fresnel diffraction: half-period zones and zone plates, circular
aperture.

(e) Polarisation and Modern Optics :

Production and detection of linearly and circularly polarized light; Double refraction, quarter wave

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plate; Optical activity; Principles of fibre optics, attenuation; Pulse dispersion in step index and parabolic
index fibres; Material dispersion, single mode fibers; Lasers-Einstein A and B coefficients. Ruby and He-Ne
lasers. Characteristics of laser light-spatial and temporal coherence; Focusing of laser beams. Three-level
scheme for laser operation; Holography and simple applications.

3. Electricity and Magnetism :

(a) Electrostatics and Magnetostatics :

Laplace and Poisson equations in electrostatics and their applications; Energy of a system of charges,
multipole expansion of scalar potential; Method of images and its applications. Potential and field due to a
dipole, force and torque on a dipole in an external field; Dielectrics, polarisation. Solutions to boundary-
value problems-conducting and dielectric spheres in a uniform electric field; Magnetic shell, uniformly
magnetised sphere; Ferromagnetic materials, hysteresis, energy loss.

(b) Current Electricity :

Kirchhoff's laws and their applications. Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, Faraday’s law, Lenz’ law. Self-
and mutual- inductances; Mean and rms values in AC circuits; DC and AC circuits with R, L and C
components; Series and parallel resonance; Quality factor; Principle of transformer.

4. Electromagnetic Waves and Blackbody Radiation :

Displacement current and Maxwell’s equations; Wave equations in vacuum, Poynting theorem; Vector
and scalar potentials; Electromagnetic field tensor, covariance of Maxwell’s equations; Wave equations in
isotropic dielectrics, reflection and refraction at the boundary of two dielectrics; Fresnel’s relations; Total
internal reflection; Normal and anomalous dispersion; Rayleigh scattering; Blackbody radiation and
Planck ’s radiation law- Stefan-Boltzmann law, Wien’s displacement law and Rayleigh-Jeans law.

5. Thermal and Statistical Physics :

(a) Thermodynamics :

Laws of thermodynamics, reversible and irreversible processes, entropy; Isothermal, adiabatic,

isobaric, isochoric processes and entropy changes; Otto and Diesel engines, Gibbs’ phase rule and chemical
potential; Van der Waals equation of state of a real gas, critical constants; Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
of molecular velocities, transport phenomena, equipartition and virial theorems; Dulong-Petit, Einstein, and
Debye’s theories of specific heat of solids; Maxwell relations and application; Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Adiabatic demagnetisation, Joule-Kelvin effect and liquefaction of gases.

(b) Statistical Physics :

Macro and micro states, statistical distributions, Maxwell-Boltzmann, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac
Distributions, applications to specific heat of gases and blackbody radiation; Concept of negative
temperatures.

PAPER-II

1. Quantum Mechanics :

Wave-particle duality; Schroedinger equation and expectation values; Uncertainty principle; Solutions of
the one-dimensional Schroedinger equation for free particle (Gaussian wave-packet), particle in a box,
particle in a finite well, linear harmonic oscillator; Reflection and transmission by a step potential and by a
rectangular barrier; Particle in a three dimensional box, density of states, free electron theory of metals;
Angular momentum; Hydrogen atom; Spin half particles, properties of Pauli spin matrices.

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2. Atomic and Molecular Physics :

Stern-Gerlach experiment, electron spin, fine structure of hydrozen atom; L-S coupling, J-J coupling;
Spectroscopic notation of atomic states; Zeeman effect; Franck-Condon principle and applications;
Elementary theory of rotational, vibrational and electronic spectra of diatomic molecules; Raman effect and
molecular structure; Laser Raman spectroscopy; Importance of neutral hydrogen atom, molecular hydrogen
and molecular hydrogen ion in astronomy. Fluorescence and Phosphorescence; Elementary theory and
applications of NMR and EPR; Elementary ideas about Lamb shift and its significance.

3. Nuclear and Particle Physics :

Basic nuclear properties-size, binding energy, angular momentum, parity, magnetic moment; Semi-
empirical mass formula and applications. Mass parabolas; Ground state of a deuteron, magnetic moment
and non-central forces; Meson theory of nuclear forces; Salient features of nuclear forces; Shell model of
the nucleus - success and limitations; Violation of parity in beta decay; Gamma decay and internal
conversion; Elementary ideas about Mossbauer spectroscopy; Q-value of nuclear reactions; Nuclear fission
and fusion, energy production in stars. Nuclear reactors.

Classification of elementary particles and their interactions; Conservation laws; Quark structure of
hadrons : Field quanta of electroweak and strong interactions; Elementary ideas about unification of forces;
Physics of neutrinos.

4. Solid State Physics, Devices and Electronics :

Crystalline and amorphous structure of matter; Different crystal systems, space groups; Methods of
determination of crystal structure; X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies;
Band theory of solids—conductors, insulators and semi-conductors; Thermal properties of solids, specific
heat, Debye theory; Magnetism: dia, para and ferromagnetism; Elements of super-conductivity, Meissner
effect, Josephson junctions and applications; Elementary ideas about high temperature super-conductivity.

Intrinsic and extrinsic semi-conductors- p-n-p and n-p-n transistors; Amplifiers and oscillators. Op-amps;
FET, JFET and MOSFET; Digital electronics-Boolean identities, De Morgan’s laws, Logic gates and truth
tables. Simple logic circuits; Thermistors, solar cells; Fundamentals of microprocessors and digital
computers.

POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

PAPER- I

Political Theory and Indian Politics :

1. Political Theory: meaning and approaches.

2. Theories of state : Liberal, Neo-liberal, Marxist, Pluiralist, post-colonial and Feminist.

3. Justice : Conceptions of justice with special reference to Rawl’s theory of justice and its communitarian
critiques.

4. Equality : Social, political and economic; relationship between equality and freedom; Affirmative action.

5. Rights : Meaning and theories; different kinds of rights; Concept of Human Rights.

6. Democracy : Classical and contemporary theories; different models of democracy—representative,

participatory and deliberative.

7. Concept of power : hegemony, ideology and legitimacy.

8. Political Ideologies : Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism.

Government strives to have a workforce which reflects gender balance and women candidates are encouraged to apply.