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BEC Notes Lecture 2 by Ur Engineering Friend

Resistors, capacitors, and inductors are the three basic passive components in electronics. Resistors resist current flow and are used for voltage division, current limiting, and biasing transistors. Capacitors store electrical energy in an electric field and are used for energy storage, filtering, timing circuits, and coupling circuit stages. Inductors store energy in a magnetic field and are used for filtering, energy storage, timing circuits, and coupling stages while blocking AC signals. These components and their applications are fundamental to electronic circuits and devices.

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29 views

BEC Notes Lecture 2 by Ur Engineering Friend

Resistors, capacitors, and inductors are the three basic passive components in electronics. Resistors resist current flow and are used for voltage division, current limiting, and biasing transistors. Capacitors store electrical energy in an electric field and are used for energy storage, filtering, timing circuits, and coupling circuit stages. Inductors store energy in a magnetic field and are used for filtering, energy storage, timing circuits, and coupling stages while blocking AC signals. These components and their applications are fundamental to electronic circuits and devices.

Uploaded by

apjvlogs0
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basic Electronics

Chapter 1st – Electronics Components and Signal

Lecture 2nd Notes -: UR ENGINEERING


FRIEND

Resistors

A resistor is a passive electronic component that is designed to resist or limit the


flow of electrical current in a circuit. Resistors are used to control the amount of
current in a circuit, to provide voltage division, and to set biasing conditions for
active components such as transistors and amplifiers.

Resistors are commonly made of carbon, metal film, or wire wound around a
ceramic or fiberglass core. They are typically color-coded to indicate their
resistance value, tolerance, and power rating. The resistance value of a
resistor is measured in ohms (Ω), and it determines how much the resistor will
resist the flow of electrical current.

Symbol of Resistor
Applications of Resistors
Resistors are one of the most common and fundamental components in
electronic circuits. They are used in a wide range of applications to limit
current, adjust signal levels, bias active components, and perform voltage
division. Here are some common applications of resistors:

1. Voltage division: Resistors are often used in voltage divider circuits to


generate a specific voltage from a larger input voltage. In a voltage
divider circuit, two resistors are connected in series, and the output
voltage is taken across one of the resistors.
2. Current limiting: Resistors are used to limit the current flowing through
a circuit to prevent damage to components. For example, a resistor can be
placed in series with an LED to limit the current flowing through it.
3. Biasing: Resistors are used to bias active components such as transistors
and op-amps. For example, a resistor can be used to set the bias voltage
for the base of a transistor.
4. Timing circuits: Resistors can be used in conjunction with capacitors to
create timing circuits such as RC oscillators and timing delays.
Capacitors
A capacitor is an electronic component that is used to store electrical energy in
an electric field. Capacitors consist of two conductive plates separated by a
dielectric material, which can be made of various materials such as ceramic,
plastic, or electrolytic material. The capacitor is designed to store energy in the
electric field between the plates when a voltage is applied across them.

The unit of capacitance is the farad (F), which is defined as the amount of
capacitance required to store one coulomb of charge when a potential difference
of one volt is applied across the plates. However, in practice, capacitors are
typically measured in smaller units such as microfarads (µF), nano-farads
(mph), or picofarads (pF).

Symbol of Capacitors

Applications of Capacitors
Capacitors have a wide range of applications in electronic circuits, including:

1. Energy storage: Capacitors can be used to store electrical energy and


release it when required. They can be used in flash units, power supplies,
and other applications where a quick burst of energy is required.
2. Filtering: Capacitors can be used to filter out unwanted signals in
electronic circuits. For example, they can be used to remove noise from
power supplies, or to filter out unwanted high-frequency signals in audio
circuits.
3. Timing: Capacitors can be used in conjunction with resistors to create
timing circuits such as RC oscillators and time delays. The capacitance
value determines the rate at which the capacitor charges and discharges,
which sets the frequency or timing of the circuit.
4. Coupling: Capacitors can be used to couple one part of a circuit to
another, while blocking DC voltage. For example, they can be used to
couple an audio signal from one amplifier stage to another, while
blocking the DC voltage that could damage the next stage.

Overall, capacitors are versatile components that can be used for energy storage,
filtering, timing, and coupling in electronic circuits. They play an important role
in the design and operation of many electronic devices.
Inductors
An inductor is an electronic component that is designed to store energy in a
magnetic field. It consists of a coil of wire that is wound around a core made of
a magnetic material such as iron or ferrite. When current flows through the coil,
a magnetic field is created around it, which stores energy.

The unit of inductance is the henry (H), which is defined as the amount of
inductance required to induce an electromotive force (EMF) of one volt when
the current flowing through the inductor changes at a rate of one ampere per
second. However, in practice, inductors are typically measured in smaller units
such as microhenries (µH) or millihenries (mH).

Symbol of Inductor

Applications of Inductors
Inductors have a wide range of applications in electronic circuits, including:

1. Filtering: Inductors can be used to filter out unwanted signals in


electronic circuits. They can be used in conjunction with capacitors to
create bandpass or band stop filters that can be used to block or pass
specific frequencies.
2. Energy storage: Inductors can be used to store energy in a magnetic field
and release it when required. They can be used in applications such as
voltage boosters, transformers, and motor control circuits.
3. Timing: Inductors can be used in conjunction with capacitors to create
timing circuits such as LC oscillators and time delays. The inductance
value determines the rate at which the magnetic field builds up and
collapses, which sets the frequency or timing of the circuit.
4. Coupling: Inductors can be used to couple one part of a circuit to
another, while blocking AC signals. For example, they can be used to
couple an audio signal from one amplifier stage to another, while
blocking the DC voltage that could damage the next stage.

Overall, inductors are important components in electronic circuits, and they play
a crucial role in many electronic devices. Their ability to store energy in a
magnetic field makes them essential for many applications, including filtering,
energy storage, timing, and coupling.

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