PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

(AUTONOMOUS INSTITUTIONS)

COIMBATORE-641 004

COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS
(A Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the course)

LINEAR & DIGITAL IC’S LABORATORY (19U311)

HARINI RC (22U217)
II-YEAR (III-Semester)
Program: B.E. Instrumentation and Control Engineering
Branch: DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION AND
CONTROL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING

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 PSG COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(Government-aided autonomous college affiliated with Anna University, Chennai)

COIMBATORE-641 004

COMBINATINAL CIRCUITS

A REPORT SUBMITTED BY

HARINI RC
22U217
II-YEAR - B.E ICE
In partial fulfillment of the requirements of Linear and Digital IC’s Laboratory (19U311)

DEPARTMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

ENGINEERING

Faculty in charge
………………………

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 Table of Contents
S.No. Contents Page No.
1 Abstract 4
2 Introduction 5
3 Theory 5
4 Circuit diagram 6
5 Applications 6
6 Objectives 7
7 Apparatus required 7
8 Problem Statement 7
9 Problem description 7
10 Procedure 8
11 Design steps 8
12 Design of Logic circuits 8
13 Implementation using Multisim 10
14 Inference 12
15 Learning Outcomes 12
16 Reference 12

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ABSTRACT
This project outlines the design of a combinational circuit with
four inputs, denoted as A, B, C, and D, aimed at producing a
single output, F. The primary objective of this circuit is to
generate an output of 1 under specific conditions and 0
otherwise. The conditions for F to be equal to 1 are as follows:

1. When input A is equal to 1, provided that input B is equal to 0.

2. When input B is equal to 1, provided that either input C or D is
also equal to 1.

This project encompasses the logical design and construction of

the combinational circuit using standard logic gates, such as
AND, OR, and NOT gates. The circuit is designed to implement
the specified conditions, and a truth table is provided to
demonstrate the expected behavior of the circuit. Additionally, the
project discusses the practical applications of such a circuit and
its potential significance in digital electronics and control systems.
The objective of this project is to provide a clear and effective
solution for generating the desired output, F, based on the given
input conditions

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INTRODUCTION
In this project, we will design a combinational circuit with four
input signals: A, B, C, and D, to produce a single output, F. The
primary goal of this circuit is to create a logical function that yields
an output of 1 under specific conditions. Specifically, F will be
equal to 1 when A is equal to 1, provided that B is 0, or when B is
equal to 1, provided that either C or D is also equal to 1. In all
other cases, the output, F, will be set to 0. We will achieve this
logic using a combination of standard logic gates to meet the
specified criteria for the output signal. This project outlines the
design and construction of this combinational circuit to address
the given problem statement effectively.

THEORY

Combinational circuit is a circuit in which we combine the different

gates in the circuit, for example encoder, decoder, multiplexer
and demultiplexer. Some of the characteristics of combinational
circuits are following −

 The output of combinational circuit at any instant of time,

depends only on the levels present at input terminals.
 The combinational circuit do not use any memory. The
previous state of input does not have any effect on the
present state of the circuit.
 A combinational circuit can have an n number of inputs and
m number of outputs.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

APPLICATIONS
An example of a combinational circuit is a full adder, which takes
two binary digits as input and produces a sum bit and a carry bit
as output. Full adders are used in many digital devices, including
calculators and computers.
Another example of a combinational circuit is a multiplexer. A
multiplexer takes several input signals and selects one of them to
be passed to the output. Multiplexers are used in many
applications, including data communication and computer
memory.
Combinational circuits can be made using various logic gates,
such as AND gates, OR gates, and NOT gates.

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OBJECTIVE
To study the design of combinational logic circuits and to
implement the circuits using logic gates.

APPARATUS REQUIRED

S.NO APPARATUS REQUIREMENT

1 Bread board 1
2 Connecting wires As required
3 LED 1
4 Resistors 1
5 AND – 7408 3
6 OR - 7432 1

PROBLEM STATEMENT
Design a combinational circuit with four inputs A, B, C, and D and
one output, F . F is to be equal to 1 when A = 1, provided that B =
0, or when B = 1, provided that either C or D is also equal to 1.
Otherwise, the output is to be equal to 0.

PROBLEM DESCRIPTION
Design a combinational circuit with four inputs, A, B, C, and D,
and one output, F, following specific conditions. The output, F,
should be equal to 1 under the following conditions:

1. When input A is equal to 1, provided that input B is equal to 0.

2. When input B is equal to 1, provided that either input C or input
D is also equal to 1.

Otherwise, the output should be equal to 0. The logical circuit that

satisfies these conditions should be created and accurately
computes the output, F, based on the given inputs. Basic logic
gates such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR gates to construct the
circuit are used.
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PROCEDURE
 Design a circuit according to the given problem
 Get the required apparatus and give connections according to the
design.
 Check for required outputs.
 Check the output in Multisim

DESIGN STEPS
i. Form equivalent logic circuits, based on De Morgan’s
theorem.
ii. Use the required number of AND and OR Gates.
iii. Examine the corresponding truth tables for the original gate
and or work out the Boolean expressions using De
Morgan’s theorem.

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DESIGN OF LOGIC CIRCUITS
1)a.Designing Truth Table
A B C D Y
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 1 1 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 1
0 1 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 1
1 0 0 1 1
1 0 1 0 1
1 0 1 1 1
1 1 0 0 0
1 1 0 1 1
1 1 1 0 1
1 1 1 1 1

1.B)K MAP

AB CD
00 01 11 10

00
1 1 1
01
1 1 1
11
1 1 1 1

Σ m = (5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,15)
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=AB+BD+BC
=B(A+B+C)

1C)IMPLEMENTING LOGIC GATES

IMPLEMENTATION USING MULTISIM :

Input 1 ( 1,1,1,0) ; Output (LED on)

OUTPUT:
A=1;B=1;C=1;D=0
AB’ = (1)(0) = 0 ; BC = (1)(1) = 1 ; BD = (1)(0) = 0
AB’ + BC + BD = 1 + 0+ 0 = 1(The output is high)

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IMPLEMENTATION USING MULTISIM:
Input 1 ( 1,1,0,0) ; Output (LED off)

OUTPUT:
A=1;B=1;C=0;D=0
AB’ = (1)(0) = 0 ; BC = (1)(0) = 0 ; BD = (1)(0) = 0
AB’ + BC + BD = 0 + 0+ 0 = 0 (The output is low)

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INFERENCE
1. When A = 1 and B = 0, the output F should be equal to 1.
•This condition specifies that when input A is 1 and B is 0, the output
should be 1, regardless of the values of C and D.
2. When B = 1 and either C or D is 1, the output F should be equal to 1.
•This condition specifies that when input B is 1, the output should be 1
if either C or D is also 1.
3. In all other cases, when none of the above conditions are met, the
output F should be equal to 0.
•This includes cases where A = 0, B = 0, and neither C nor D is 1.
 AND gate provides a high output when all the inputs are high
 OR gate provides a high output even one input is high
 Combining these two circuits desired output was obtained

LEARNING OUTCOMES
 Able to understand Combinational logic circuits and derive
Truth table and logic gates accordingly.
 Able to understand the implementation of AND and OR
Gate
 Able to implement in MULTISIM and take readings.

REFERENCE:
Book : DIGITAL DESIGN by Mohammed A Karim
https://www.javatpoint.com/combinational-logic-circuits-in-digital-
electronics

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