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PE Notes-14

This document summarizes a lecture on electric braking. It begins by listing the objectives and intended learning outcomes of understanding the different types of electrical braking and their operating principles. The types of braking discussed include regenerative braking, plugging braking, and dynamic braking. Regenerative braking involves reversing the direction of current flow and torque to act as a generator when rotor speed is higher than synchronous speed. Plugging braking reverses supply terminals to reverse generator torque and resist normal motor rotation. Dynamic braking introduces external resistance into the circuit to limit current during braking. Sample questions are provided to test different cognitive levels, and a stimulating question is asked about why four-quadrant operation of chopper

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27 views

PE Notes-14

This document summarizes a lecture on electric braking. It begins by listing the objectives and intended learning outcomes of understanding the different types of electrical braking and their operating principles. The types of braking discussed include regenerative braking, plugging braking, and dynamic braking. Regenerative braking involves reversing the direction of current flow and torque to act as a generator when rotor speed is higher than synchronous speed. Plugging braking reverses supply terminals to reverse generator torque and resist normal motor rotation. Dynamic braking introduces external resistance into the circuit to limit current during braking. Sample questions are provided to test different cognitive levels, and a stimulating question is asked about why four-quadrant operation of chopper

Uploaded by

AR-T
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GMR Institute of Technology

Rajam, Andhra Pradesh


(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to JNTUK, AP)

Cohesive Teaching – Learning Practices (CTLP)


Class 6th Sem. – B. Tech. (EEE) Department: EEE
Course
Course Electrical Drives 19EE602
Code
Prepared by M.Venkatesh & Dr.T.S.L.V.Ayyarao
Lecture Topic Electric Braking 2
Course Outcome
CEE301.1 Program Outcome (s) PO2
(s)
Duration 50 Min Lecture 13&14 of 45 Unit II
Pre-requisite (s) -

1. Objective(s) (Try to restrict one general objective for one topic)

To understand the concept of electric braking

2. Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

At the end of this session the students will able to:


A. List out the types of Electrical braking
B. Define plugging, dynamic braking
C. Outline motoring and braking operations for a converter fed dc drive
D. Interpret behaviour of the drive from speed –torque characteristics

3. 2D Mapping of ILOs with Knowledge Dimension and Cognitive Learning Levels of


RBT

Cognitive Learning Levels (2D)


Knowledge
Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create
Dimension (1D)
Factual A,B
Conceptual C,D
Procedural
Meta Cognitive

Form No. AC 04. 01. 2016 (R: 30.09.2016) – GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh
4. Teaching Methodology

❖ Chalk & Board, Visual Presentation

5. Evocation (Try to restrict two most important diagrams that are highly relevant to the topic of discussion)

6. Deliverables

The term braking comes from the term brake. We know that brake is an equipment to
reduce the speed of any moving or rotating equipment, like vehicles, locomotives. The process
of applying brakes can be termed as braking. Now coming to the term or question what is
braking. First of all we can classify the term braking in two parts i) mechanical braking and
the ii) electrical braking. Mechanical braking is left out here because as it is an electrical
engineering site, we should only focus on electrical braking here. In mechanical braking the
speed of the machine is reduced solely by mechanical process but electrical braking is far
more interesting than that because the whole process is depended on the flux and torque
directions. We will further see through the various types of braking but the main idea behind
each type of barking is the reversal of the direction of the flux. So, we can understand that
when it is asked that what is braking? We can say that it is the process of reducing speed of
any rotating machine. The application of braking is seen at almost every possible area, be it
inside the motor used in factories, industrial areas or be it in locomotives or vehicles.
Everywhere the use of mechanical and electrical brakes is inevitable.
• Smooth speed control & braking
• Energy Saving
• Quick stop and restart
• Low maintenance

Form No. AC 04. 01. 2016 (R: 30.09.2016) – GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh
Types of Braking
Brakes are used to reduce or cease the speed of motors. We know that there are various types
of motors available (DC motors, induction motors, synchronous motors, single phase motors
etc.) and the specialty and properties of these motors are different from each other, hence this
braking methods also differs from each other. But we can divide braking in to three parts
mainly, which are applicable for almost every type of motors.
1. Regenerative Braking
2. Plugging type braking
3. Dynamic braking.

Regenerative braking:
This baking method is called regenerative braking because here the motor works as generator
and supply itself is given power from the load, i.e. motors. The main criteria for regenerative
braking is that the rotor has to rotate at a speed higher than synchronous speed, only then the
motor will act as a generator and the direction of current flow through the circuit and
direction of the torque reverses and braking takes place.
Plugging Type Braking
Another type of braking is plugging type braking. In this method the terminals of supply are
reversed, as a result the generator torque also reverses which resists the normal rotation of
the motor and as a result the speed decreases. During plugging external resistance is also
introduced into the circuit to limit the flowing current. The main disadvantage of this method
is that here power is

Form No. AC 04. 01. 2016 (R: 30.09.2016) – GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh
wasted.

7. Keywords

❖ Four quadrant operation


❖ DC Motor
❖ Motoring
❖ Braking

8. Sample Questions (Populate two questions under each learning level as indicated)

Remember
1. Write the general formula of torque for forward motoring and braking operations.
2. How the speed of chopper fed dc motor is varying when duty ratio is increasing.
Understand
1. Explain the speed-torque characteristics of a chopper fed dc motor drive.
2. Explain four quadrant operation of a chopper fed dc motor with output waveforms.

9. Stimulating Question (s)

1. Why four quadrant operation of a chopper fed dc drive is so popular than the SCR
based dual converter.

Form No. AC 04. 01. 2016 (R: 30.09.2016) – GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh
10. Mind Map

11. Student Summary

At the end of this session, the facilitator (Teacher) shall randomly pick-up few students to
summarize the deliverables

12. Reading Materials

1. Fundamentals of Electric Drives by G K Dubey, 2nd edition, Narosa Publications,


2001.pp.68-73
2. Electrical drives: Modeling, Analysis and Control by R. Kristnan, Prentice Hall of
India, 2007.pp.110-116

13. Scope for Mini Project

Form No. AC 04. 01. 2016 (R: 30.09.2016) – GMRIT, Rajam, Andhra Pradesh

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