240-87733094 Procurement of High Pressure Pipework and Boiler Tubing Material Standard
240-87733094 Procurement of High Pressure Pipework and Boiler Tubing Material Standard
Standard
Management
Revision: 3
Total Pages: 13
Supported by SCOT/SC/TC
…………………………………..
M. Andrè
SCOT/SC/TC Chairman
2021/04/12
Date: ……………………………
CONTENTS
Page
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. SUPPORTING CLAUSES ........................................................................................................................................ 3
2.1 SCOPE .............................................................................................................................................................. 3
2.1.1 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1.2 Applicability................................................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 NORMATIVE/INFORMATIVE REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 3
2.2.1 NORMATIVE ............................................................................................................................................. 3
2.2.2 INFORMATIVE .......................................................................................................................................... 4
2.3 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 4
2.3.1 Disclosure Classification ........................................................................................................................... 4
2.4 ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 5
2.5 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .................................................................................................................... 5
2.6 PROCESS FOR MONITORING ........................................................................................................................ 5
2.7 RELATED/SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS ......................................................................................................... 5
3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................................... 5
3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................................... 5
3.1.1 APPLICABLE MATERIAL STANDARDS .................................................................................................. 5
3.1.2 MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................................. 6
3.1.3 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................................... 6
3.1.3.1 Details of Manufacturing Plant .......................................................................................................... 6
3.1.3.2 History of Previous Supply ................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.3.3 Steel Making Process ....................................................................................................................... 7
3.1.3.4 Heat Treatment ................................................................................................................................. 7
3.1.3.5 Chemical Composition ...................................................................................................................... 8
3.1.3.6 Mechanical Properties ....................................................................................................................... 9
3.1.3.7 Creep Data ...................................................................................................................................... 10
3.1.3.8 Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) ....................................................................................................... 10
3.1.3.8 Certification........................................................................................................................................... 11
3.1.3.10 Marking.......................................................................................................................................... 11
3.1.3.11 Surface Condition .......................................................................................................................... 11
3.1.4 DELIVERY ............................................................................................................................................... 11
4. AUTHORISATION .................................................................................................................................................. 13
5. REVISIONS ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
6. DEVELOPMENT TEAM ......................................................................................................................................... 13
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 13
TABLES
Table 1: List of Special Chemical Requirements. ......................................................................................................... 9
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 3 of 13
1. INTRODUCTION
Variations in material properties are a significant contributor to scatter in material behaviour for various
failure mechanisms and a major cause of premature failures and exhaustion in the power generation
industry. To allow for safe and reliable operation and plant life management within predictable
boundaries of material scatter, it is important to adhere to international manufacturing standards when
material is ordered.
Globalisation and growth of developing economies has created access to numerous manufacturers and
especially suppliers, who can compete on cost but are not always capable of repeatedly delivering
quality HP pipework and boiler tubing materials. Without careful control of technical quality, Eskom is at
risk of receiving substandard material that can lead to premature failures compromising plant safety and
availability. To limit this risk, it is necessary to standardise the specifications for HP pipework and boiler
tubing materials in Eskom within the limits of international standards as well as engineering best
practice, and control quality during manufacture by assessing and approving manufacturing plants
instead of suppliers.
These will, in some cases, result in special requirements for material procurement in Eskom which will
be more stringent than those contained in harmonised international material technical delivery standards
and/or code requirements. It is costly for Eskom to physically assess and approve manufacturing plants
and to ensure only manufacturing plants with proven capabilities are assessed; mandatory requirements
are introduced, which if not supplied with the tender documents, will result in disqualification of the
supplier from the tender process.
This standard covers the materials that can be ordered both via the European Norm (EN) or American
Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) codes/standards. It must be noted however that ordered
material must be in accordance with the design base of the station in question. Most Eskom plants are
designed and built to EN codes while Kendal is designed and built according to ASME codes.
2. SUPPORTING CLAUSES
2.1 SCOPE
This standard covers the ordering of all seamless tubing and piping material to be used in high pressure
applications.
2.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to ensure that seamless HP pipework and boiler tubing material
purchased by, and manufactured for Eskom is of desirable quality.
2.1.2 Applicability
This document shall apply throughout Eskom’s Generation Division in relation to materials of
construction and repair for use on high pressure pipework and boiler tubing.
2.2.1 NORMATIVE
[1] 32-1034 - Eskom Procurement and Supply Chain Management Procedure, Rev.4.
[2] ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems.
[3] 97/23/EC (PED) – European Pressure Directive
[4] EN 764-5: Pressure Equipment – Part 5: Inspection Documentation of metallic materials and
compliance with the materials specification.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 4 of 13
[5] AD 2000-Merkblatt W 0
[6] EN 10216: Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes – Technical delivery conditions – All parts
[7] EN 10204: Metallic Products – Types of inspection documents
[8] ASME Boiler Pressure Vessel Code Section II: Materials - Part A (Ferrous Material Specification)
and Part D (Properties)
[9] ASME B31.1: Power Piping
[10] BS EN 12952: Water-tube boilers and auxiliary installations
[11] BS EN 13480: Metallic industrial piping
[12] 240-56239129: High Energy Pipework Standard for Power Generation Plants
[13] VdTÜV WB560/2 (03.2009) - VM 12
[14] VdTÜV WB547 (06.2003) – DMV 347 HFG
Note: In all cases, the latest version of the codes/standards/procedures shall be applicable.
2.2.2 INFORMATIVE
[15] VGB Specification VGB-R 109
[16] VdTÜV WB511 (03.2009) - for X10CrMoVNb9-1 and T/P 91 impact properties only
[17] Guidelines and Specifications for High-Reliability Fossil Power Plants, 2nd Edition—Best Practice
Guideline for Manufacturing and Construction of Grade 91 Steel Components. (Report No:
3002006390)
2.3 DEFINITIONS
Definition Description
High Pressure Pipes and fittings in such systems for the conveyance of steam, water,
Pipework and Tubing gases or other fluids whose design pressure equals or exceeds 4.0 MPa or
whose design temperature equals or exceeds 250 °C.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 5 of 13
2.4 ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation Description
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
BPVC Boiler Pressure Vessel Code
EN Euro Norm
EPRI Electric Power Research Institute
HP High Pressure
MPa Mega Pascal
OD Outside Diameter
PED Pressure Equipment Directive
PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment
3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 6 of 13
NOTE: Material standards and specifications must be utilised according to the design base of the
particular plant/plant area. No mixing of codes (i.e. ASME/ASTM material on an EN-designed station) will
be permitted without an approved design modification being in place.
a. EN Materials: A valid (and current) certificate of conformity by a Third Party/Notified Body (in
accordance with EN 764-5 (Clause 4) or AD 2000-Merkblatt W 0), to demonstrate that the material
manufacturing plant has been audited and authorised as having a quality assurance system for
material manufacture in accordance with PED 97/23/EC or 2014/68/EU (Pressure Equipment
Directive), to produce the material grades and dimension ranges tendered for. This certificate should
be accompanied by the Appendices containing all material, size ranges and harmonised standards
approved. Where CE marking is available, the EU declaration of conformity for each product type
(material grades and dimensions) tendered for must be included. It will be mandatory to provide the
name, address and contact number of the Third Party/Notified Body that carried out the conformity
assessment upon contract award.
ASME Materials: A valid (and current) ASME Certificate of Authorisation by a Third Party/Notified
Body (in accordance with ASME requirements), to demonstrate that the material manufacturing
plant is an ASME Authorised Organisation that has been audited and authorised to produce the
material grades and dimension ranges tendered for with the ASME Certification Mark. This certificate
should be accompanied by the Appendices containing all material, size ranges and harmonised
standards approved. Where ASME materials are approved for CE marking, the information required
for EN Materials will also be acceptable for ASME materials. It will be mandatory to provide the
name, address and contact number of the Third Party/Notified Body that carried out the conformity
assessment upon contract award.
The following information shall be provided to Eskom as part of the tender submission:
Formal business name of the manufacturing plant, street and postal address, contact names and
telephone numbers of senior plant managers, along with their organisational roles. The manufacturing
plant is the site of manufacturing, inspection, testing, and release. If any activity is carried out at a
different location or facility other than the main manufacturing plant, this shall be duly disclosed in the
tender submission (showing clearly the scope/activities that will be done at a different plant location) and
the same information shall be provided for the plant/site where other activities will be performed.
Note: It is Eskom’s intent to conduct an evaluation or assessment of the manufacturing plants as part of
the tender evaluation process (or to arrange for an audit by a third party). Under no circumstances can
material be manufactured elsewhere without Eskom’s written approval.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 7 of 13
A list of material manufactured at the plant, with particular regard to the materials required as part of the
tender, shall be supplied. This should include a reference list with contact details of the end users, dates
of delivery, material grade, dimensions, harmonised standards applied and tonnage.
The foundries (if different from the material manufacturing plant) that will be used to supply cast billets for
the manufacture of HP pipework and boiler tubing shall be listed in the tender returnable documents.
The manufacturer shall provide Eskom (also in tender returnables) with a short technical description of
its process to ensure the production of “clean” steel within the limits of this Standard. Raw material and
scrap control by foundries must demonstrate low contamination levels with trace impurities and
dangerous (i.e. poisonous and radioactive) elements. Only fully killed steels will be acceptable.
For austenitic stainless steels supplied in accordance to EN 10216-5, option 1 shall apply.
Manufacturers shall also provide details of raw material suppliers along with relevant certification of the
suppliers’ quality management system/process, such as a valid or current ISO9001 certificate or
comprehensive quality manuals (where an ISO certificate is not available). This information shall be
provided with the tender submission.
a. A valid or current calibration certificate(s) for the facilities used for the heat treatment shall be
provided with the tender submission. The actual current calibration certificate for the Eskom order
shall be furnished in the data books.
b. Suppliers shall provide a detailed heat-treatment record (certified temperature/time record) for each
product (component or lot of components processed as a single batch) purchased.
c. Loading of piping and tubing in the furnace shall be carried out to avoid non-uniform heating and
cooling which could result in non-uniform material properties. A furnace packing plan and short
description of heat treatment measures that are or will be in place in order to achieve this shall be
included with the tender submission. Detailed procedures must be available for review during site
audits by Eskom.
d. Suppliers must provide a short description of the heat treatment facilities and procedures to
demonstrate how heat treatment will be controlled within parameters/requirements as evidence in
the form of the latest heat treatment survey of the facilities. All calibration certificates and
procedures must be made available for review by Eskom (when site visits are planned).
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 8 of 13
Note: After contract award but before execution of the Eskom order, suppliers shall demonstrate that
the thermocouples that are used to control the temperature can be maintained within a 3°C of the
target temperature and that the largest variation in temperature between any two points in the work
zone of the furnace (the volume holding the components) does not exceed 20°C. This shall be
demonstrated by placing thermocouples on metal samples that are placed in the furnace in order to
accurately indicate the temperatures in the work zone. For resistance-type heaters, the heat-
treatment supplier shall demonstrate that the temperature at the control thermocouple can be
maintained within 3°C of the target temperature. The heat-treatment supplier should demonstrate
that for a given component the temperature is controlled within the specified temperature range
through placement of properly installed thermocouples at a sufficient number of locations along the
length and around the circumference of tubular-shaped components. For other types of heating,
such as induction heating, the heat-treatment supplier must demonstrate the ability to maintain the
temperature at all points on the component within the required temperature range for the appropriate
amount of time.
e. The fully annotated heat treatment schedule for each material tendered for shall be supplied with the
tender documents. The heat treatment schedule shall as a minimum contain methods of heating
and cooling, heating and cooling rates, holding temperature ranges and holding times. These heat
treatment schedule may be provided in the form of a schematic heat treatment dummy chart.
Special note for the heat treatment of grade 91 steel tubes and pipes:
Normalizing
For all product forms, normalizing is to be carried out using a suitable furnace within the temperature
range of 1050°C–1100°C to produce a fully martensitic microstructure. Once the full thickness of the
component has reached the target normalizing temperature, the time at temperature shall be a minimum
of 10 minutes. The product shall be air cooled outside of the furnace and away from any source of heat
that would retard the rate of cooling. Care must be taken to ensure that all areas of the component are
allowed to cool uniformly. In cases where multiple components are processed as part of a single heat-
treatment cycle, the individual pieces must be separated in such a way that each piece will cool without
interference from an adjoining piece. Cooling shall be continuous down to at least 90°C at the hottest
location before tempering. Note that for components greater in thickness than 75 mm, forced air cooling
or oil quenching or the equivalent from the normalizing temperature to an internal work piece
temperature below 540°C may be necessary to achieve the required mechanical properties. Heating
using resistance heating pads or induction heating is not permitted for normalizing.
Tempering
For all product forms, tempering is to be performed within the temperature range of 730°C–780°C. Note
that because of the risk of stress corrosion cracking that exists when Grade 91 material is in the fully
hardened condition, once the normalizing heat treatment has been completed, the material shall not be
allowed to remain at a temperature below 80°C for more than eight (8) hours before the tempering heat
treatment is begun, unless precautions are taken to keep the material dry on both the inner and outer
surfaces. The tempering temperature selected and the time at the tempering temperature shall be
controlled to satisfy the specified hardness requirement. The product may be cooled in still air from the
tempering temperature, as long as excessive distortion or excessive thermal stress is avoided, or, as an
alternative, where expedient, furnace cooling is acceptable provided that the cooling rate exceeds
55°C/hour until the internal temperature is below 650°C.
The following chemical composition shall apply when producing material for an Eskom tender (after
contract award):
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 9 of 13
a. Cast/melt and product analysis will be required for all materials. This shall be performed on the
same heat / sample used for mechanical testing.
b. For all steel grades the following trace elements shall be controlled and reported (on mill material
certificates) with adherence to the following limits:
Phosphorus (P) ≤ 0,015%
Sulphur (S) ≤ 0,005%
c. The following trace elements shall be reported on mill material certificates
Arsenic (As)
Antimony (Sb)
Lead (Pb)
Tin (Sn)
d. The following special requirements, for both cast and product analysis, within but more stringent
than the code limits, must be adhered to for the steels listed in Table 1 (below):
X10CrMoVNb9-1 (P/T91):
(Cr + 6Si + 4Mo + 1,5W +11V + 5Nb + 9Ti + 12Al) – (40C +30N + 4Ni +2Mn +1Cu) < 12
The chemical analysis results and techniques used shall be reported for the above elements on the
respective test certificates for each product and/or batch.
For VM12-SHC and X10CrWVMoNb9-2 material, the manufacturer shall demonstrate how delta ferrite
was controlled during the manufacturing process.
All mechanical testing shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant codes or standards. The
following requirements shall apply for material manufacture to be supplied to Eskom (after contract
award). All results of mechanical properties testing shall be recorded on the Certified Material Test
Report.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 10 of 13
shall comply with the respective codes. Yield strength (or 0.2% proof strength), ultimate tensile
strength, elongation and reduction in area shall be reported.
High temperature tensile tests shall be carried out for all materials used in time-independent
designs. The temperature to be used shall be the highest listed proof strength value for each
material in the respective code. Testing shall be in the transverse direction except where the
dimensions do not allow. The sample direction must be noted on the test report. Tensile properties
shall comply with the respective codes. Yield strength (or 0.2% proof strength), ultimate tensile
strength, elongation and reduction in area shall be reported.
In line with the provisions of Appendix B of EN 12952-2, the material manufacturer shall furnish to
Eskom verification of the creep test results for materials intended for operation in the creep range (≥
450oC). This requirement includes materials covered by both EN and ASME specifications. The creep
tests results shall be based on tests conducted by the material manufacturer from heats of a given
material produced from its own plant and procedures. The creep tests results shall be based on actual
data for each material grade tendered for or quoted in tender returnable documents. The minimum test
duration for the actual creep test shall be 40 000 hrs.
The material manufacturer shall provide this data with the tender submission or provide a written
declaration that the data exists and will be made available to Eskom personnel during a factory or site
assessment or at any stage (when arrangements are made and communicated) prior to contract award.
(b) EN materials:
All testing shall be carried out in accordance with EN 10216 (all Parts) Test Category 2 (TC 2) or the
relevant Test Category 2 for any other part of EN 10216 to which tubing is manufactured and
delivered.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 11 of 13
For all pipe products (OD > 100mm), additional NDT in the form of ultrasonic testing (UT) must be
carried out in the transverse direction, and for the detection of laminar imperfections.
For ferritic steel pipes and tubes Magnetic particle (MT) shall be carried out on all tubes/pipes.
Should electromagnetic testing be used (in the case of tubing) it must be fully capable of detecting
longitudinal defects.
In all cases (ASME and EN) leak tightness testing shall be by electromagnetic testing for ferritic steels
and eddy current testing according to EN ISO 10893-1 for austenitic steels.
3.1.3.8 Certification
Certification shall be in accordance with the latest version of EN 10204: “Types of Inspection
Documents” for EN and preferably also ASME materials. Should this not be possible (in the case of
ASME materials), a certificate of compliance in accordance with the relevant material code shall be
supplied.
Certification shall be in accordance with EN 10204 3.2 in all cases.
3.1.3.10 Marking
Standard and clear legible marking must be applied on both ends of each tube/pipe. All marking shall be
in accordance with the relevant technical delivery conditions specification / standard.
3.1.4 DELIVERY
Upon completion, technical data books shall be supplied containing as a minimum:
(a) Order requirements and specifications (including declaration of conformity stating that all technical
conditions were met or fulfilled) in line with the requirements of this document or as agreed at the
time of purchase or contract award.
(b) PED certification or ASME Certificate of Authorisation
(c) Signed quality control documentation
(d) Steel making processes and foundry material certificates.
(e) Certificates according to EN 10204 including all detailed results for destructive, mechanical and non-
destructive testing.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 12 of 13
(f) Heat treatment records (clearly showing austenitizing and tempering soak temperatures, times,
heating and cooling rates of all heat treatment processes of each product/batch)
(g) Details or records of descaling, surface finish and corrosion protection applied.
(h) All approved concessions where applicable.
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Procurement of Seamless Steel High Pressure Pipework Unique Identifier: 240-87733094
Material Standard in the Generation Division Revision: 3
Page: 13 of 13
4. AUTHORISATION
This document has been seen and accepted by:
Name & Surname Designation
M Bezuidenhout Corporate Specialist (Materials)
D Naran Materials, NDT & Welding Study Committee Chairman
Y Singh Boiler Study Committee Chairman
M Mkhize Chief Engineer (Physical Metallurgy)
W Smit Chief Engineer (Physical Metallurgy)
T Pete Chief Engineer (Materials)
All PSGM’s
All Materials Care Group Members
All Materials, Welding, NDT, and
RBI SC Members
5. REVISIONS
Date Rev. Compiler Remarks
March 2016 0.1 A Downes New standard governing the procurement of HP pipework material in
the Generation Division
May 2016 0.2 A Downes Draft Document for Comments Review
June 2016 0.3 A Downes Updated comments into document
July 2016 1 A Downes Final Document for Authorisation and Publication
Nov 2016 1.1 A Downes Update heat treatment and additional requirements to be unambiguous
February 2017 1.2 A. Downes Updated document
February 2017 1.3 A. Downes Final Draft Document for Comments Review
March 2017 2 A. Downes Final Document for Authorisation and Publication (Rev 2)
x Revision 2 Document was Cancelled in lieu of recompiling
March 2021 2.1 A Downes Final updated new Draft Document for Comments Review
March 2021 2.2 A Downes Final Draft after Comments Review Process
April 2021 3 A Downes Final Rev 3 Document for Authorisation and Publication
6. DEVELOPMENT TEAM
The following people were involved in the development of this document:
A Downes
M Bezuidenhout
P Dlamini
7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
None
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