FUNDAMENTAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE MIDTERM REVIEWER

1. CAN THERE BE A STATE WITHOUT A NATION?

- No, because to constitute a state , 4 essential elements must be present. The People,
Government, Territory, and Sovereignty.

2. CAN THERE BE A NATION WITHOUT A STATE?

- Yes, because to constitute a nation, only 2 essential elements must be present and
that is the People and Territory.

3. EXPLAIN WHAT IS PEOPLE IN THE STATE.

- The inhabitants of the state regardless in number as long as capable of self-defense
and procreation.

4. EXPLAIN NATURAL PERSONS AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

- Have feeling and is product of love. ex: Us human beings

5. EXPLAIN JURIDICAL PERSON, AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

- Do not have feelings, creation of the law or fiction of the law. EX: agencies,
oragnizations.

6. EXPLAIN WHAT GOVERNMENT IS.

- Is defined as that institute or aggregate of institutions by which an independent
society makes and carries out those rules of action which are necessary and to maintain law
and order.

7. EXPLAIN COMPREHENSIVELY, DEMOCRACY.

- According to Abraham Lincoln of the United States of America, Democracy is a form
of government of the people, by the people, and for the people.

8. WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF DEMOCRACY?

- 1. Direct Democracy- it will the will of the state to formulated and expressed directly
in an assembly of people or mass meeting.
- 2. Indirect Democracy- The will of the state is formulated and expressed through the
elected representatives chosen by the people in elections.
9. EXPLAIN MONARCHY.
- Is a form of government which is rules by one; which powers are vested in the hands
of a single person usually under the governance of the King.

10. WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF MONARCHY?

1. Absolute Monarchy- The ruler governs by divine right, therefore execise absolute
powers.
2. Constitutional Monarchy- The ruler governs in consonance with the constitution.

11. EXPLAIN ARISTOCRACY.

- Is a form of government that is ruled by few privilege people.

12. EXPLAIN PARLIAMENTARY FORM OF GOVERNMENT.

- Is a form of government that there is fusion of powers between two branches of
government which is the Executive & Legislative government. And the leader under
parliamentary government in general is called the Prime Minister.

13. EXPLAIN FEDERAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT.

- Is a form of government that consist of two layers of government, The National and
Local. The power of the government are being shared to the local state.

14. EXPLAIN PRESEDENTIAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT.

- Is a form of government where there is the observance of separation of powers. And
the leader under the government is directly elected by the electorates of the people who are
qualified voters.

15. EXPLAIN UNITARY FORM OF GOVERNMENT.

- Is a form of government where there is a centralization of governmental powers.

16. EXPLAIN DICTATORSHIP.

- Dictatorship is classified into two:
1. Totalitarianism- There are complete or total control activities of the
people.
2. Authoritarianism- Authority or Authoritarian are ruled by one person.
17. EXPLAIN TERRITORY.
- It is a fixed area or surface of the earth where the inhabitants of the state live and
where they maintain a government of their own.

18. ENUMERATE THE 3 DOMAINS OF TERRITORY.

1. Terrestrial Domain
2. Aerial Domain
3. Fluvial Domain

19. EXPLAIN TERRESTRIAL DOMAIN.

- This refers to the area of the land which the state occupies. It could be Agricultural,
Residential, and Industrial Lands.

20. EXPLAIN AERIAL DOMAIN.

- This refers to the air space above the land and the waters.

21. EXPLAIN FLUVIAL DOMAIN.

- This refers to the external and internal waters. Which is beyond the territorial
jurisdiction of any country.

22. EXPLAIN SOVEREIGNTY.

- Is the supreme power in a state by which the state is governed or the supreme, the
absolute uncontrollable power by which any state is governed.

23. EXPLAIN FULLY AND GIVE EXAMPLE OF POLITICAL SOVEREIGNTY.

- Means the sovereignty of the electorates; or in its general sense, the sovereignty of
the whole body politics. ex: A

24. EXPLAIN FULLY AND GIVE EXAMPLE OF LEGAL SOVEREIGNTY.

- Is the supreme law-making authority. The legal sovereignty, therefore, is that
determinate authority which is able to express in legal form in the highest commands of the
state. Ex: The parliament is the legal authority to exercise legal sovereignty.

25. ENUMERATE THE DIFFERENT THEORIES ON THE ORIGIN OF STATES.

1. Divine Right Theory
2. Necessity or force Theory
 3. Paternalistic Theory
4. Social Contact Theory
5. Patriarchal Theory
6. Instinctive Theory
7. Economic Theory

26. EXPLAIN DIVINE RIGHT THEORY.

- It holds that the state is divine creation and the ruler is ordained by God to govern
the people.

27. EXPLAIN NECESSITY OR FORCE THEORY.

-It maintains that the state must have been created through force, by some great
warriors who imposed their will upon the weak.

28. EXPLAIN SOCIAL CONTACT THEORY

- It asserts that the early states must have been formed by deliberate and voluntary
compact among the people to form a society and organize government for their common
good.

29. EXPLAIN PATRIARCHAL THEORY.

- It decrees the origin of the states from the growth and sustained existence of a family
under a father-like control or leadership.

30. EXPLAIN ECONOMIC THEORY.

- The people gathered because of their economic needs or necessities.

31. ENUMERATE THE 6 STUDY OF POLITICAL PUZZLES.

1. The Behavioralist Approach
2. The Structural-Functional Approach
3. The Phenomenological Approach
4. The Philosophical Approach
5. The Documentary Approach
6. The Predictive Approach

32. EXPLAIN BEHAVIORAL APPROACH.

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33. EXPLAIN PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH

34. EXPLAIN DOCUMENTARY APPROACH.

35. EXPLAIN PREDICTIVE APPROACH.

36. EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLE THAT OURS IS A GOVERNMENT OF LAWS AND NOT OF MEN.
- It means that , in our country or in any republican state no person is above or below
the law.

37. EXPLAIN THE SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES.

-Philippines is a democratic and republican state and there are only 3 departments of
government the Legislative( Legislative Power) , Executive( executive Power), Judicial
( Judicial Power) , these are separated. According to this principle, the observance of the
separation of powers its power of the 3 departments to prevent abuse. Legislative power is
simply means the power to make law, the power to abolish law, the power to change law,
and compose of two houses ( The senate, & House of Representatives), And for Executive
Power it Is the power to implement law, power to enforce laws, power to execute and power
to administer laws.( always headed by the PRESIDENT of the Philippines, VP) and last for
Judicial Power it is the power to interpret laws, power to conduct trial or hearing ( Office of
the Judge or of the Court).

38. EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLE OF NON-SUABILITY OF THE STATE.

-It means that the State cannot be sued without its consent.

39. EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLE OF THE RULE OF MAJORITY.

- Simply means ½ + 1.

40. EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLE THAT THE LEGISLATURE CANNOT PASS IRREPEABLE LAWS.
- It means the laws cannot be revoke, therefore, all laws must be refillable. It means it
must be amendable. because laws of past years may not be effective anymore today.
41. EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLE OF SEPARATION OF POWERS.
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42. EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLE OF INTERDEPENDENCE.

- The principle of interdependence a certain nation needs another nation’s states.

43. EXPLAIN ELECTION THROUGH POPULAR WILL.

- Certain candidates who run in the public office may be considered as the winners if
that candidate garnered the highest votes shall be considered as the winners.

44. EXPLAIN PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW.

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45. EXPLAIN THE LAW ON PUBLIC OFFICERS.

-Public Officers are the occupants of public office. therefore, any individual who
occupied the public office, he/she is called public officer. Public Office is the creation of the
law, usually public office has a corresponding salaries. (elective officials)-Local government
code of 1991, ( Appointive Officials)- Administrative code

46. DEFINE STATE.

- It is a community of persons more or less numerous, permanently occupying a
definite portion of territory.

47. EXPLAIN POLY-NATIONAL STATE AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

- It is a state that compose of two or more nations.
Ex: Philippines is compose of three (3) nations. These are: Filipino Nations, Babgsamoro
Nations, and Cordillera Autonumous Region ( According to Article 10, Section 15) Founder:
Fr. Balweg, the leader of CPLA.

48. EXPLAIN MONO-NATIONAL STATE.

- it is a state that compose of only one state.
Ex: United States of America

49. EXPLAIN WHAT IS POLITICAL SCIENCE.

- Political Science treats of the phenomena of the state in its varied aspects and
relationships; in short, that it begins and ends with the state.
50. WHY IS THAT POLITICAL SCIENCE IS COMPREHENSIVE.
- According to Polisi Washington, Political Science is Comprehensive because it focuses
on the theory and practice of government and politics at the local, state, national, and
international levels. We are dedicated to developing understandings of institutions, practices
and relations that constitute public life and modes of inquiry that promote citizenship.
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51. EXPLAIN THE MEANING OF NATION.

- Is a group of people bound together by certain characteristics such as common origin,
language , state, customs, traditions, and whom that they believes they are one and distinct
from another.

52. EXPLAIN DURA LEX, SED LEX AND GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

- In English term, it means that The Law may be harsh but it is the law.
Ex:

53. WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY POLITY?

- Is an organized community. Such as a nation, city or church, together with its
government and administration.