Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EEE)

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET)

EEE 310: Communication Laboratory

Objectives:

• Demonstration of the operation of a two-channel frequency division multiplexed (FDM)

Introduction:

Frequency division multiplexing systems can send two or more channels of information over the
same channel. In this experiment, two different intelligence signals are modulated on separate
carriers. The balanced modulator in each channel suppresses the corresponding carrier. The
resulting sidebands are combined by a summer. As for quadrature modulation, the carriers will
have same frequency, but they will have a 90 degree phase shift between them. So the sidebands
will overlap in frequency spectrum.

The ability of a synchronous detector to demodulate the signals that are of the same frequency
and phase as BFO signal is used to recover the intelligence signals in both cases. Synchronous
detectors require BFO signal, which must be of the same frequency and phase as the carrier of
the intelligence signal being demodulated.

Procedure:

(a) Frequency division multiplex operation:

1) Connect the circuit as shown in figure-1.

2) An AF generator will be used to produce a 1 V p-p sine wave at 1600 Hz, approximately
double the frequency of tone generator.

3) By adjusting the CARRIER ADJ. knob, obtain the the balanced modulated waveshape at
J4& J7. Explain the observed waveform.

4) Observe the output of the summer (J10). Explain the observed waveform.

5) Observe the output of the predetection filters (J20& J18).

6) Observe the output of the product detectors (J23 & J26). Explain the observed waveform.

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 7) Observe the reconstructed outputs at J28 & J30.

From J4 to J8
Balanced
From J2 Modulator
to J1 1

From J3 to
J31(20KHz) From J10
to
J19 & J17
Summing
Amplifier

From J7
Balanced to J9
From J5 to
AF
Modulator
generator 2

From J6 to
J32 (10kHz)

From J20
to J21 From J23
Predetection to J27 J28
Filter Product Detector Post
From (20KHz) 1 Detection
J19& Filter
J17 to
J10 From J22 to J31 (20 kHz)

Predetection J30
Filter Product Detector Post
(10KHz) 2 Detection
Filter
From J18 From J26
to J24 to J29

From J25 to J32(10kHz)

Figure1- Frequency division multiplexing circuit

(b) Quadrature modulation operation

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1) Connect the circuit as shown in figure-2.

2) An AF generator will be used to produce a 1 V p-p sine wave at 1600 Hz, approximately
double the frequency of Tone generator.

3) Obtain the balanced modulated waveshape at J4& J7. Explain the observed waveform.

4) Observe the output of the summer (J10). Do you notice any difference with the waveform
previously obtained for FDM circuit?

5) Observe the output of the predetection filter ( J18).

6) Observe the output of the product detectors. (J23 & J26). Explain the observed waveform.

7) Observe the reconstructed outputs at J28 & J30.

8) Remove the connection between J33 and J22. Connect J32 and J14.Connect another wire
between J16 and J22.

9) Set the FREQ SEL switch on the FM detector to LO. Vary the Phase adjust control and
observe the reconstructed outputs. Explain.

10) Return the circuit to its original state. Now interchange the subcarriers (Interchange the plug
at J22 with the plug at J25). Observe the final outputs and explain.

• Both product detectors receive the same QM signal from a common source-the 10 kHz
predetection filter. A product detector will demodulate sidebands that have same phase as the
BFO signal. Sidebands that are not the same phase as the BFO will not be demodulated. Full
suppression of the unwanted sidebands occurs at 90 degrees, and the demodulated
intelligence signal from a product detector is maximum when the phase difference is exactly
zero. Between the two extremes, the suppression or demodulated signal amplitude is
proportional to the actual phase shift.

• The LO position in the FM detector block sets the center frequency at approximately at
10KHz. The PHASE ADJ. Is a potentiometer used in the LO frequency range to shift the
frequency of a 10 KHz test signal at its input(J14) approximately 20 to160 degrees.

CAUTION:
Before giving any analog input, check whether a square wave of frequency 20KHz and 10KHz
are available at points J31 and J32,J33 respectively, by using a frequency counter. You have to
do it in both parts of the experiment(FDM and QM).

Labsheet Revised by:

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 From J4 to
Balanced J8
From J2 Modulator
to Tone 1
generator

From J3 to
J33 (10 KHz) From J10
to J17

Summing
Amplifier

From J7 to
Balanced J9
From J5 to
AF
Modulator
generator 2

From J6 to
J32 (10kHz)

From J18
to J21 From J23
Predetection to J27 J28
Filter Product Detector Post
(10KHz) 1 Detection
Filter
From
J17 to From J22 to
J10 J33 (10KHz)

J30
Product Detector Post
2 Detection
Filter
From J18 From J26
to J24 to J29

From J25 to
J32 (10kHz)

Figure 2 - Quadrature modulation circuit