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Reported Speech I Facts & Figures

The document provides examples of how to change verbs and time references when converting direct speech into reported or indirect speech. It lists common verb tenses and their equivalents in reported speech, such as changing "said" to "said that." It also gives examples of how to change references to specific times and places, such as changing "yesterday" to "the previous day" or "here" to "there" when reporting someone's words indirectly.

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62 views

Reported Speech I Facts & Figures

The document provides examples of how to change verbs and time references when converting direct speech into reported or indirect speech. It lists common verb tenses and their equivalents in reported speech, such as changing "said" to "said that." It also gives examples of how to change references to specific times and places, such as changing "yesterday" to "the previous day" or "here" to "there" when reporting someone's words indirectly.

Uploaded by

topmusiclyrics03
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Approximately – około / w przybliżeniu;

Just over – trochę ponad

Slightly less than – nieco mniej niż

Substantially – znacznie

Fractionally – ułamkowo

Somwhere in the region of – gdzieś w okolicach

Roughly – mniej więcej / w przybliżeniu

About - około

Grow gradually – rosnąć stopniowo

Rise substantially - wzrosnąć znacznie

Drop slightly – lekko spaść

Grow rapidly - szybko rosnąć

A significant drop - znaczny spadek

Fill us

A recent

What’s that

claimed that

roughly speaking

how should we

can we look

according to a recent

so the bottom line

the overriding trend


Oto zestawienie zmian czasów:

mowa niezależna mowa zależna


Present Simple » Past Simple
Sue said "I don't like him." » Sue said (that) she didn't like him.
Present Continuous » Past Continuous
"The sun is shining," he said. » He said the sun was shining.
Past Simple » Past Perfect
Monica said "I wrote a letter." » Monica said she had written a letter.
Present Perfect » Past Perfect
"I have lost my keys," said Mike. » Mike said (that) he had lost his keys.
Present Perfect Continuous » Past Perfect Continuous
Mr Brown said "I've been working for this Mr Brown said he had been working for that
»
company for 3 years." company for 3 years.
Future Simple » Future in the Past
"I will do it tomorrow," said Jenny. » Jenny said she would do it the next day.
Future Continuous » Future Continuous in the Past
"She will be working on the project George said she would be working on the
»
tomorrow at 5," said George. project the next day at 5.

mowa niezależna mowa zależna


will » would
can » could
may » might
shall » should
would » would
could » could
might » might
should » should

Czasów zaprzeszłych oczywiście nie można jeszcze bardziej cofnąć. Zostawiamy je w takim
przypadku bez zmian:

mowa niezależna mowa zależna


Past Perfect » Past Perfect
Margaret said "I had hoped to meet him Margaret said she had hoped to meet him
»
finally." finally.
Past Perfect Continuous » Past Perfect Continuous
She said (that) she had been baking the cake
She said "I had been baking the cake then." »
then.

Reported speech: określenia czasu w mowie zależnej

last Monday/month → the Monday before, the month before


two days/years ago → two days/years before
yesterday → the day before, the previous day
today → that day
this month → that month
at the moment → at the time
now → then
tomorrow → the following day
next week → the following week
the day after tomorrow → two days later

Reported speech: określenia miejsca

here → there
in this place → in that place

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