CH 6 Esf
CH 6 Esf
Kiln exist gas has high temp of upto 160 deg C cooled in Venturi
Scrubber with sea water spray by nozzles in co-current pattern. The
exist gas of Venturi contains mist paricles which is removed in
saturator with sea water spray by nozzles in counter current manner.
Both thickeners must be full of sea water & raker arm should be
operational.
Recirculation in both thickeners underflow must be started.
If effluent is stopped in any case flush whole effluent line with sea
water for minimum half hour.
Probable Composition:
ESF
Effluent HCT U/F HRT U/F
cake
SiO2 10.16 7.52 5.55 10.89
Al2O3 3.82 4.02 2.49 4.00
Fe2O3 2.40 2.40 1.85 3.20
NaCl 4.91 5.24 3.33 2.16
CaCl2 12.13 17.78 2.80 0.23
CaSO4 3.13 4.05 36.77 12.50
CaCO3 46.68 46.45 26.43 47.47
MgCO3 2.95 3.81 17.30 13.80
CaO 13.86 7.17 1.26 5.15
Specification:
1. Filtration:
When the filter plate pack has been closed, slurry is pumped into
the filter and fed simultaneously into each filter chamber through
the feed distribution pipes. The filtrate flows through the cloth into
the filtrate collection area, then out through the discharge pipe.
The filtered material is collected on the cloth surface and it forms
the filter cake.
2. Pressing 1
3. Washing (optional)
Wash liquid is pumped into the filter chambers in the same way as
the slurry. As the water fills the filtration chamber, the diaphragm is
lifted up and air is forced out from the upper side of the diaphragm.
The wash liquid flows into the discharge pipes after passing
through the filter cake and the cloth.
4. Pressing 2 (optional)
The wash liquid remaining in the chamber after the washing stage
is pressed out of the cake as in stage 2 above.
5. Air drying
6. Discharge
When air drying has been completed, the plate pack is opened
and the cloth moving mechanism started. The filter cake on the
cloth is discharged from both sides of the filter.
The four stage second program does not include washing and
second pressing stages.
In the Larox PF filter, the filter plates lie horizontally between two
pressing plates: the top and bottom pressing plate. The plate pack is
closed during filtration. The dry solid cakes formed during the filtration
process are discharged while the plate pack is open.
The endless filter cloth zigzags between the filter plates, which
results in filtered cake being formed on either side of the cloth. While
the filtrate squeezes through the cloth it absorbs and removes solid
matter particles remaining in the cloth from preceding filtration cycles.
The cloth transports the cakes off from the filter and at the same time
the cloth is cleaned and both sides by high pressure water sprays.
The cloth drive unit is driven by a hydraulic motor, which actuates the
cloth drive rollers. The tension of the filter cloth is maintained
constant by a cloth tensioning device. The cloth tensioning device
does not operate when the plate pack is closed.
The slurry is fed into the filter chambers through a distributor pipe
located on the feed side. Also the wash liquid and drying air enter the
same way. The distribution pipe is emptied through a drain valve.
Plate
The filter plate consists of three main parts (1) filtrate chamber(2)
Base Plate and (3) Frame.
Filtrate Chamber
The Filtrate chamber collects the filtrate and leads it out through the
collectors attached to the corners of the chamber.
Grid
The grid plates support the cloth and form outlet channels for the
filtrate.
Base Plate
The base plate is the frame part to which all parts of the filter plate
are attached. The pressing air channel is led through the base plate.
The base plate and diaphragm form the pressing air chamber.
Diaphragm
Seal
There is no seal below the cloth but the cloth and plastic surface are
face to face. If any counter pressure is formed in the flow space
below the cloth, it will cause filtrate leakage in the plate pack.
Frame
The frame serves as the fixing element for the diaphragm. The plate
pack seal is fixed to the lower surface of the frame. The feed
channels leading into the filtration chamber have been led through
the frame.
Filtrate Collectors
Closing Mechanism
General
The closing of the plate pack takes place in two stages: fist the plate
pack is closed by means of quick action cylinders and after closing
the plate pack is sealed with sealing cylinders.
Quick Action
The plate pack is open after previous cycle. The plate pack closes
when the top pressing plate(5) is driven to its low position by means
of quick action cylinders(1).
After this, the locking pins(3) fix the top pressing plate(5) to the
columns (6) which have been fixed to the base plate(7).
The filtration chambers have thus been formed, and the plate pack is
now surrounded by the pressing plates, base plate and columns.
Sealing
After locking, the filtration chambers are sealed tightly by pressing the
plate pack(4) between the pressing plates by sealing cylinders (2)
fixed to the base plate(7).
When the sealing cylinders (2) reach the pressure required for
closing the plate pack, automatically controlled locking valves shut off
their oil connecting elements. The purpose of these valves is to
secure that the cylinders stay in place.
The sealing cylinders (2) return to their initial position, after which the
locking pins(3) are drawn to their “open” position which releases the
top pressing plate (5) for quick opening.
When the filter is stopped for maintenance, make sure that the plate
pack is in its upper position and the pressing plate is fixed with
locking pins (3) to the columns.
To remove the cakes and to wash the cloth, the cloth is moved by
means of drive rollers between filtering cycles. A spring-loaded
pressing roller presses the cloth against the drive roller in order to
improve the maintenance of tension.
The change in the cloth length that takes place during the opening of
the plate pack and cloth travel is compensated by a tensioning
device, where a torque brought about by a hydraulic motor tightens a
pair of chains fixed to the tensioning roller.
Filter Cloth
General
Only special type of fabrics can be used. The most commonly used
material is a multifilament fabric which is lengthwise stronger than
crosswise.
Pay special attention to possible holes in the cloth. Patch the holes
immediately; solid matters entering through the holes wear the filtrate
channels heavily especially during drying when the air flow speed is
high.
Make sure that all the nozzles stay open and that the sprays are
directed towards the cloth in a correct angle. No unwashed stripes
must be left on the cloth. If necessary, rinse the wash liquid filter
located in the wash liquid piping.
Cloth tracking
Due to manufacture, there are slight bends on the cloth which is why
it drifts slightly to the sides while moving.
When tracking the cloth manually, let the cloth circulate several times
and make sure that it does not drift to either side systematically. If the
cloth does not stay centered, the cloth seam is inclined or one of the
rollers does not rotate.
Pressure Release
When the filter plates are closed and sealed, the slurry inlet valves
V02 and V12 are opened and the slurry pump M09 is started. Slurry
is fed through the distribution pipe into each chamber through the
feed collectors. During slurry feeding the pressing water outlet valve
V04 is held open to ensure free discharge of pressing water, if any
had remained in the diaphragms from the previous cycle. The filtrate
passes through the cloth into the filtrate pan and exists the filter
chamber vial filtrate collectors into the filtrate side pipe and out
through the valve V01 (or V08) cake forms on the cloth. When the
filtration time runs out the slurry pump recirculation valves opened &
slurry inlet valves V02 and V12 are closed.
After the pressing stage and before cake air-drying, the distribution
pipe is drained of liquid. The slurry valve V02 is opened and after
that, the air dry valve V06. When the set time runs out, V06 is closed
and after that V02. The drain valve V07 of the distribution pipe is
opened. V07 is closed when the drainage time of the distribution pipe
has run out.
Cake Discharge
When the plate pack is completely open, the cloth drive motor HM03
is started, the cloth wash inlet valve V09 is opened and the motor
M06 (if there is one) of the pressure rising pump started. The cake
formed on the cloth is then discharged into the cake chutes on both
ends of the filter. After the first plate length of discharge, the
discharge time starts to count down and the speed of the cloth is
increased. After the discharge time has run out, the following stage is
RESTART.
RESTART
When the discharge has been completed and the clipper seam
placed outside the cloth with the low speed of cloth, the cloth drive
motor HM09 is stopped, the motor M06 of the pressure rising pump is
stopped and the inlet valve V09 of the cloth wash water is closed.
After a restart delay, the cloth-tensioning roller is driven upwards to
loosen the cloth.
After completing the restart operations, the filter begins to close the
plate pack. The first stage takes place with the help of the quick
action closing cylinders. When the plate pack is down, it is followed
by locking of the pins. Finally the plate pack is sealed by driving the
sealing cylinders upwards until the required sealing pressure is
reached. The pressing water outlet valve V04 is kept open to ensure
fee discharge of pressing air in case any has remained in the
diaphragms during the previous cycle.