EXERCISE# 1

Mathematical definition of Probability: Q.9 A hag contains two pairs of shoes. Two
Q.1 The probability of coming up an even shoes are drawn from it. The probability
(odd) number in the throw of a die is• that it is a pair is-
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/2 (C) 1/3 (D) ?13 (A) 1/3 (B) 1/2 (C) 1/4 (D) ?13

Q.2 From a pack of playing cards three Q.10 If out of 20 consecutive whole numbers
cards arc drawn si multaneously. The two are chosen at random, then the
probability that these are one king, one probability that their s um is odd, is-
queen and one jack is• (A) 5119 (B) 10/19
(A) 64/5525 (B) 16/5525 (C) 9/19 (D) None of these
(C) 128/5525 (D) 641525
Q.11 If the probabilities of boy and girl to be
Q.3 The probability of getting difference of born are same, then in a 4 children
number as 5, when two dice are tossed family the probability of being at least
together is- one girl, is-
(A) 1/9 (B) 1/18 (C) 1/12 (D) 5136 (A) 14/16 (B) 15116 (C) 1/8 (D) 3/8

Q.4 A bag contains 20 tickets numbered Q.12 An urn contains 5 white and 3 black
with 1 to 20. Three tickets are drawn. balls and 4 balls arc drawn at random.
The probability that ticket number 7 is The probability of getting white and
definitely included and ticket number black balls equal in number is-
18 is not included is- (A) 1/7 (B)?J7
(A) 511380 (B) 1/20 (C) 3/7 (D) None of these
(C) 3/20 (D) None of these
Q.13 From a book containing 100 page one
Q.6 From a lottery of 30 tickets, marked page is selected randomly. The
1, 2, 3, .... , 30, four tickets are drawn. probability that t he sum of the digits of
The chance that those marked 1 and 2 the page number of the selected page is
are among them is- 11, is-
(A) 413/145 (B) ?1145 (A) 2/25 (B)9/IOO
(C) 1/145 (D) 4/145 (C) 11/100 (D) None of these

Q.6 The probability that a non leap year Q.14 A hox contains 25 tickets numbered
will have 53 Saturdays is•
1, 2, ....25. If two tickets are drawn at
(A) 1/7 (8) ?17 (C) G/7 (D) 5/7
random then the probability that the
product of their numbers is even, is -
Q. 7 The probability that a non leap year
(A) 11/50 (B) 13/50
will have 52 Fridays is-
(C) 37/50 (0) None of these
(A) 1/7 (B) ?17 (C) 517 (D) G/7
Q.15 Out of 13 applicants for a job, there are
Q.8 There are 13 men and 2 women in a
5 women and 8 men. It is desired to
party. They are seated round a circular
ffelect 2 perKOns for the job, the
table. The probability that the two
probability that at least one of the
women will sit together is-
(A) ?1105 (B) 1/105 selected persons will he a women is-
(C) 1/14 (D) 1/7 (A) 25139 (B) 14/39 (C) 5113 (D) 10/13
Odds of an event : Q.24 Two dice are thrown then the
probability of coming an odd number on
Q.16 The odd against throwing 10 with two
one dice and an even number on other
dice in a throw are•
dice is-
(A) 9, l (B) 10, l (C) lL l (0) 12, l
(A) 1/3 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/2 (D) None of these
Q.17 From a pack of well shuffied cards, one
card is drawn randomly. A gambler Q.26 A card is drawn from a pack of 52
bets that it is either a diamond or a cards. The probability that the card
king. The odds in favour of his winning drawn is neither a heart nor a king is-
the bet is• (A) 35/52 (B) 9113 (C) 17/52(0) 4/13
(A)4,7 (8)4,9
(C) 9 : 4 (D) None of these Q.26 A, B and C are three mutually
exclusive and exhaustive events and
Q.18 A bag contains 4 red and 4 white balls.
Three balls are drawn at random . The
P(B) =¾ P(A), P(C) = }P(B) then the
odd against these balls being all white value of P (A) is-
(A) 1/3 (8) 1/2
(A) l ,13 (B) 13, l (C) 12, l (0) 14, l (C) 1/6 (D) None of these

Q.19 One of the two events must occur. If the Q.27 A card is drawn from a well shuffled
chance of one is 2/3 of the other, then pack of 52 cards. Its probability of being
an ace or a king or a queen or a jack is -
odds in favour of the other are-
(A) 1/13 (B) 2/13 (C) 3/13 (0) 4/13
(A) 2, 3 (B)L3 (C)3cl (0)3,2
Q.28 If p 1 and p 2 are the probabilities of two
Q.20 If one card is drawn from a pack of card
independent events then (1 - p 1- J½+ P1PiJ
then the odds in favour of getting Ace
is the probability of•
is•
(A) their joint occurrence
(A) l , 3 (8) 3, l (C) l , 2 (0) l , 12
(B) occurrence of at least one
(C) occurrence of None of these
Q.21 A bag contains 3 black and 2 white (D) occurrence of only one
balls. What are the odds in favour of
drawing a white ball? Q.29 A coin is tossed four times then the
(A) 3, 2 (8) 2, 5 (C) 2 , 3 (0) 3, 5 probability of obtaining at least one tail
is-
Theorems on Probability: (A) 1/16 (B) 14/16
Q.22 If A and B are two events, then (C) 15/16 (0) 1/4
P (neither A nor B) equals-
Q.30 The probability of getting head and tail
(A) l - P (A v B) (B)P(A)+P(B)
alternatively in three throws of a coin
(C) 1 - P (A) -P (B) (D) None of these (or in a throw of three coins) is-
(A) 1/3 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/5 (0) 3/5
Q.23 For any two events A and D, P (A+D) -
(A) is always equal to P (A)+ P (B) Q.31 From a pack of 52 cards two cards are
(B) never equals to P (A)+ P (B) drawn in succession the first having
(C) equals P(A) + P(B) If A and B arc been replaced before the second is
independent drawn. The probability that the first is
(D) equals P (A) + P (B) If A and B are a diamond and the second is a king, is-
disjoint (A) 1/52 (B) 1113 (C) 1/4 (0) 4/13
Q.32 A bag contains 6 black and 5 white Q.38 The probability that a man will remain
balls, while the Heeond bag contains 7 alive for the next 25 years is 4/5 and
black and 4 white balls. Two balls are the probability that his wife will
drawn one from each bag, the remain alive for the same 25 years is
probability of both being black is- 3/4. The probability that at least one of
(A) 2/11 (B) 11/13 them will be alive 25 years hence, is•
(C) 20/121 (D) 42/121 (A) 19/20 (B) 3/5
(C) 3/20 (D) None of these
Q.33 The probability that A will pass in a
examination is 2/5 and the probability Conditional Probability ·
that B will fail in the same examination Q.39 Let P(A) = 0.4 & P(B/A) = 0.5. The
is 3/4. The probability that only one of probability P(A v B) is equal to•
them will pass in the examination is- (A) 0.8 (B) 0.7
(A) 3/20 (B) 3/10 (C) 0.6 (D) None of these
(C) 9/20 (D) Nono of thm;e
Q.40 A pair of dice is thrown. If 5 appears on
Q.34 The probability of solving a problem by at least one of the dice, then the
A and B arc l/4 and 2/3 respectively. If probability that the sum is 10 or
A and B work independently, then the greater, is-
(A) 11/36 (B) 2/9 (C) 3/11 (D) 1/12
probability that the problem will be
solved by both of them is•
Q.41 A pair of dice is thrown. U the two
(A) 1/6 (B) 3/4 (C) 1/3 (D) 11/12
numbers appearing on them are
different, the probability that the sum
Q.36 A card is drawn from a pack of playing is 6, is-
cards. It is replaced in the pack and the (A) 2/15 (B) 1/9 (C) 5136 (D) 1/12
pack is shuffied, and again a card is
drawn. This process as repeated six Q.42 In a certain town, 40% of the people
times, then probability of getting in have brown hair, 25% have brown eyes
sequence 2 heart, 2 diamond and 2 and 15% have both brown hair and
black cards is • brown eyes. If a person selected at
(A)(l/4)' (B)(l/4) 5 random has brown hair. the probability
(C) (1/4) 6 (D) None of these that he also has brown eyes is-
(A) 2/5 (B) 1/4 (C) 1/2 (D) 3/8
Q.36 A man and a woman appear in an
interview for two vacancies in the same Q.43 A bag contains 7 red and 3 black balls.
post. The probability of man's selection Three balls arc drawn at random from
is 11-1 and that of the woman's selection the bag one after the other. The
is 1/3. What is the probability that none probability that the firs t two are red
and the third i1-1 black i1-1-
of them will be selected-
(A) 21/40 (B) 1/5 (C) 7/50 (D) 7/40
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/12
(C) 1/4 (D) None of these
Binomial Probability distribution :
Q.37 A bag contains 4 black and 3 white Q.44 The probability that an event
balls. Two- two balls are drawn two A happens in one trial of an experiment
is 0.4. Throe independent trails of
times. If balls are not replace once it is
the experiment are performed. The
drawn then the probability that first
probability that the event A happens at
two balls are black and second two balls least once is•
are white is- (A) 0.936 (B) 0.784
(A) 4/49 (B) 2/35 (C) 1/35 (D) 3/35 (C) 0.904 (D) None of these
Q.45 A cube is thrown 6 times, then Q.51 A random variable has the following
probability of getting the digits 2 and 4 probability distribution-
exactly three times each is- X· 0 I 2
(A) 1/5184 (8) 5/11664
P(X), 0 2p 2p 2p
(C) 1/46656 (D) 3/11664
The value of pis
Q.46 A box of 100 bulbs has 90 bulbs right (A) 1/10 (B) 1
then in a sample of 8 bulbs, the (C) -1110 (0) none of these
probability that at least one bulb is
defective is- Q.62 A random variable X has the

i J' (B> (M distribution-

(A) 1 -(

(D)1- (M
IP(:~x>I 0~3 I I 0~4 0~3 I
Then, variance of the distribution is
(A) 0.6 (B) 0.7
(C) 0. 77 (D) 1.55
Q.4 7 The odds in favour of escape of an
enemy s hip are 4 : 1 . The probability Baye 's Theorem :
that at least. one ship out of three ships
gets destroyed is- Q.63 A bag A contains 2 white and 3 red
(A) 1/125 (B) 16/125
ball s and bag B contains 4 white and 5
(C) 61/125 (D) 64/125 red balls. One ball is drawn at random
from a randomly chosen bag and is
Q.48 If X is binomial variate with found to be red. The probability that it
parameters n and p, where O < p <1 was drawn from bag B was-
(A) 5/14 (B) 5/16 (C) 5/18 (D) 25/52
such that P(X = r) is independent of
P(X=n - r) Q.64 A man is known to speak the truth 3
n a nd r. t.hen p equals- out of 4 times. He throws a die and
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/3 reports that it is a six. The probability
(C) 1/4 (D) none of these that it is actually a six, is-
(A) 3/8 (B) 1/5
Q.49 Let X denote the number of times heads (C) 3/4 (D) None of these
occur in n tosses of a fair coin. If P (X = 4),
P (X = 5) and P (X = 6) are in AP; the Q.66 The probability of defective screws
value ofn is-
(A) 7 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 8
in three boxes A, B, C are ~·¾•i
respectively. A box is selected at
Q.50 If X follows a binomial distribution with random and a screw drawn from it at
parameters n = 8 and p = 1/2, then random is found to be defective. Then
P(I X - 4 I :-::;2)equals- the probability that it came from box A
(A) l¥s (B) ffi iH•
(A) 16/29 (B) 1/15
(C) 27/59 (D) 42/107
(C)* (D) none
 EXERCISE# 2
Q.1 From a group of 5 boys and 3 girls, three Q.8 A man alternately tosses a coin and
persons are chosen at random. The throws a dice beginning with the coin.
probability that there are more girls than The probability that he gets a head in the
boysis- coin before he gets a 5 or 6 in the dice is -
(A) 4/7 (B) 318 (C) 217 (D) 518
(A) 314 (B) 1/2
(C) 1/3 (D) None of these
Q.2 Three dice arc thrown simultaneously.
What is the probability of obtaining a
total of 17 or 18- Q.9 A bag contains 3 white and 3 black balls.
(A) 1/9 (B) 1/72 Balls are drawn one by one with out
(C) 1154 (D) None of these replacing them in the bag. The
probability that drawing ball will be in
Q.3 If an integer is chosen at random from alternate colours is-
first 100 positive integers, then the (A) 1/10 (8) 5/21
probability that the chosen number is a (C) 1/2 (D) None of these
multiple of 4 or 6, is-
(A) 41/100 (B) 33/100
Q.10 A box containa 2 black, 4 white and 3 red
(C) 1/10 (D) None of these
balls. One ball is drawn at random from
the box and kept aside. From the
Q.4 A pack of cards contains only 4 aces, 4
kings, 4 queens and 4 jacks. Two cards remaining balls in the box, another hall is
are drawn at random. The probability drawn at random and kept aside the first.
that at least one of them is an ace is- This process is repeated till all the balls
(A) 1/5 (B) 3/16 (C) 9/20 (D) 119 are drawn from the box. The probability
that the balls drawn arc in the sequence of
Q.5 A fair coin is tossed a fixed number of 2 black, 4 white and 3 red is-
times. If the probability of getting 7 (A) 111260 (B) 1/7560
heads is equal to that of getting 9 heads, (C) 1/126 (D) None of these
then the probability of getting 3 heads is -

(A)¥- (B) ¥- Q.11 In order to get at least once a head with

probability .!: 0.9, the minimum number of
(C) (D) None of these times a coin need to be tossed is-
(A)3 (B) 5
(C) 4 (D) None of these
Q.6 There are 6 positive and 8 negative
numbers. Four numbers arc chosen at
random and multiplied. The probability Q.12 The items produced by a firm arc
that a product is a positive number is- eupposed to contain 5% defective items.
(A) 505/1001 (B) 420/1001 The probability that a sample of 8 items
(C) 15/1001 (D) 70/1001 will contain leBB than 2 defective items,

Q. 7 Three athlete A, B and C participate in a

race competition. The probability of (A)E_ (~)'
20 20
(B) ~
400
( ~)'
20
winning A and winning of B is twice of
winning C. Then the probability that the
race win by A or B, is- (C) ~(-'-)'
20 20
(D)~(-'-)'
20
16
(A) 213 (B) 1/2 (C) 4/5 (D) 1/3
Q.13 A bag contains 50 ticketR numbered Q.18 A box 'A' contains 2 white, 3 red and 2
1, 2, 3, ... , 50 of which five are drawn at black balls. Another box 'B' contains 4
random and arranged in ascending order white, 2 red and 3 black balls. H two balls
of magnitude (x 1 < x 2 < x 3 < x4 < xs) . The are drawn at random, without replacement,
probability that x3 = 30 is- from a randomly selected box and one ball
(A) (8) 2'"c2 turns out to be white while the other ball
socs 50Cs turns out t.o be red, then the probability
that both balls arc drawn from box 'B' is-

i
29
21lc 2 )(
(C)
~c,
C2 (D) none of these
(A) iij (B) "ii (C) (D) Ts
Q.14 A biaRed die is tossed and the respective
probabilities for various faces to turn up Q.19 If a and B are a ny two events such that
are- P(A) = ½ and P(A n B) = ½o, then the
Face :12 34
conditional probability, P(A I A' u B'),
Probability:0.1 0.24 0.19 0.18 0.113 0.14
where A' denotes the complement of A, is
If an even face has turned up, then the
equal to-
proba bility that it is face 2 or face 4, is
(A) 0.25 (B) 0.42 (C) 0.75 (D) 0.9 (A) ¼ (B) Y,1 (C) 1/,7 (D) '½o
Q.16 If /\ and B are two events such that
Q.20 The probability distribution of random
P(A) = 113. P(B) = 1/4 and P(A n 8) = 1/5,
variable X with two mit1sing probabilities
then P (¾)= pi and p2 is given below -

(A) 37/40 (B) 37/45 (C) 23140 (D) None

Q.16 A number is chosen at random from the

numbers IO to 99. By seeing the number
a ma n will laugh if product of digits is 12.
If he chooses three numbers with
replacement then the probability that he
will laugh atleast once is- It is further given that P(X :S 2) = 0.25

(A) I-Gr (B) (*Y and P(X .?: 4) = 0.35.

Consider the following statements
I. p1 = p2
1-(fs-r 1-(*r
II. Pl +p-1= P(X= 3)
(C) (D) Which of the above statement(s) is/are
COITect?
(A) Only I (B) Only II
Q.17 A bag contains 4 red and 6 black balls. A
(C) Both I and II (D) Neither I nor II
ball is drawn at random from the bag, its
colour is observed and this ball along with
two additional balls of the same colour are Directions (Q. Nos. 21-22) : There are four
returned t.o the bag. If now a ball is drawn boxes Ai, At., AJ and A~. Box A has i cards and on
at random from the bag, then the each card a number is printed, the numbers are
probability that this drawn ball is red, from 1 to i. A box is selected randomly, the
is: probability of selection of box A is i/10 and then a
(A) ii) (B) ¾ (C) ¼ (D) ¾ card is drawn. Let E; represents the event that a
card with number i' is drawn.
Q.21 P(E1) is equal to-

(A)½ (B) ii, (C) ¾ (D) ¼

Q.22 P(A.vE~) is equal to -

(A)¾ (B) ½ (C) ½ (D) ¾

Directions (Q, Nos. 23-26): If A and Bare two
independent evenbl such that P(A) = 1/2 and

P(B) = ¼,then.
Q.23 P(A u B) is equal to•

(A)½ (B)¾ (C)¾ (D)¾

Q.24 r(¾) is equal to-

(A) ½ (B) ¾ (C) ¾ (D) I

Q.25 P (- A- l is equal to -
AvB
(A) ¼ (B) (C) ¾ (D) ¾

Q.26 A" Bl.1s equalto-

P (-=---=
Av8
(A)O (B) I
 EXERCISE# 3
Q. l The probability distribution of random Q.5 What is the probability that a leap year
variable X with two missing probabilities selected at random contains 53 Mondays?
p1 and pz is given below [2010-1] [2012-1]
X P(X)
k (C) 3~ (D)
p,
4k Q.6 Three coins are tossed simultaneously.
p, What is the probability that they will fall
2k two heads and one tail? [2012-11]
It is further given that P(X 2) = 0.25
(A) 1/3 (B) 1/2 (C) 1/4 (D) 3/8
and P(x 4) = 0.35. Consider the
following statements
Q.7 In throwing a six faced die, let A be the
1. PI =p2
event that an even number occurs, B be
2.p1+J):!=P(x=3)
the event that an odd number occurs and
Which of the statements given above
C be the event that a number greater
ia/are correct?
(A) 1 only
than 3 occurs. Which one of the following
(B) 2 only is correct? (2013-1]
(C) Both I and 2 (A) A and Care mutually exclusive
(D) Neither 1 nor 2 (B) A and B are mutually exclusive
(C) Band Care mutually exclusive
Q.2 In tossing three coins at a time, what is (D) A, Band Care mutually exclusive
the probability of getting at most one
head? [2010-1) Q.8 If A and B are independent events such

that P(A) = ¼, P(Av B) = iii, then what

is P(B) equal to? [2013-11]

Q.3 ff A and B are events such that P(Au B) =

(A) f (B) % (C) ¾ (D) i
0.5, P(B) = 0.8 and P(A/B) = 0.4, then
Q.9 What is the number of outcomes when a
what is P(Ari D) equal to? [2011-1)
(A) 0.08 (B) 0.02 (C) 0.8 (D) 0.2
coin is tossed and then a die is rolled only
in case a head is shown on the coin ?
Q.4 A husband and wife appear in an [2013-11]
interview for two vacancies in the same (A)6 (B) 7
post. The probability of husbands (C) 8 (D) None of these
selection is 1/5 and that of wife's selection
is l/3. What is the probability that only Q.10 The probability that in a random
one of them will be selected ? 11.rr1mgement of the letters of the word
[2011-11] 'UNIVERSITY', the two J's do not come
(A) 1/5 (8)215 together is [2014-11]
(C) 3/5 (0)4/5 (A) 415 (B) 1/5
(C) 1110 (D) !VIO
Q.11 Two students X and Y appeared in an Q.15 There is 25% chance that it rains on any
examination. The probability that X will particular day. What is the probability
qualify the examination is 0.05 and Y will that there is at least one rainy day within
a period of 7 days? (2016-11]
qualify the examination is 0.10. The
probability that both will qualify the
examin ation is 0.02. What is the
(A) 1-(¼)' (8) (¼)'
probability that only one of them will
qualify the examination ? (2014-11)
(Al 0.15 (BJ 0.14 (CJ 0.12 (DJ 0.11
Q.16 A salesman has a 700/4 cham.-e to sell a
Q.12 In an exam ination, the probability of a product to any customer. The behaviour
of successive customers is independent. If
candidate solving a question is ½. Out of two customers A and B enter, what is the
probability that the salesman will sell the
given 5 questions in the examination,
product to customer A or B? (2016-11]
what is the probability that the candidate
(A) 0.98 (B) 0.91 (C) 0.70 (D) 0.49
was able to solve at least 2 questions?

(a) Ei4 (b) ¼ (c) ½ (d) *

[2015-1)
Q.17 The mean and standard deviation of a
binomial distribution are 12 and 2
respectively. What is the number of
trials? (2017-1)
Q.13 An unbiased coin is tossed until the first (A) 2 (BJ 12 (C) 18 (D) 24
head appear s or until four tosses arc
completed. whichever ha ppens earlier. Q.18 Let the sample space cons ist of non•
Which of the following stateme nts is/arc negative integers up to 50, X denote the
correct? [2016-11] numbers which are multiples of 3 and Y
1. The probability that no head is denote the odd numbers. Which of the
following is/are correct ?
observed is _!_.
16
1.P(X)=ii 2.P(Y)=½
2. The probability that the experiment
ends with three tosses is ½. Select the correct answer using the code
given below - (2017-11]
Select the correct answer using the code (A) 1 only (B) 2 only
given below: (C) Both 1 and 2 (D) Neither 1 nor 2
(A) 1 only (8) 2 only
(C) Both 1 and 2 (D) Neither 1 nor 2 Q.19 A hox has ten chits numbered 0, 1, 2, 3, .... ,
9. First, one chit is drawn at random and
Q.14 An insur ance company insured 2000 kept aside. From the remaining, a second
scooter drivers, 4000 car drivers and 6000 chit it1 drawn at random. What i1:1 the
probability that the second chit drawn it1
truck drivers . The probabilities of an ··~? l~l~ij
accident involving a scooter driver, car
driver and a truck driver a re 0.01, 0.03 (A)~
and 0.15 respectively. One of the insured
persons meets with a n accident. The (B) ¼

* *
probability that the person is a scooter
driver is (2015-11] (C)i,
(A) -A (8) -£, (C) (D) (D) None of the above
Q.20 Three groups of children contain 3 girls
and l boy, 2 girls a nd 2 boys, l girl and 3
boys. One child is selected at random
from each group. The probability that the
three selected consist of 1 girl and 2 boys
is• (2018-II]

(A)* (B) f.
(C) ½ (D)½

Q.21 Two sym metric dice flipped with each

dice having two sides painted red, two
painted black, one painted yellow and the
other painted white. What is the
probability t hat both land on the same
colour? (20 19-1(

(A)~ (B) ¾
(C) & (D) ½

Q.22 A and Bare two events such that A and

B are mutually exclus ive. tr P(A) = 0.6
and P(B) = 0.6, then what i11 the value of
P(A I B)? (2019-1)

(A)¼

(C) ¾
 ANSWER KEY

EXERCISE# 1
~ ..
Ans.
I
8
2
B
3
8
4
A
5
8
6
A
7
D
8
D
9
A
10
B
II
B
12 13 14 15 16117118119120
C A C A C I BIB I DID
, _ 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36137138139140
An,. C A D
r-s. •t 42 43 44 45 46
C B A
.,
D C
48
C
'9
B
50 51
A D C A
52 53 54 55
B A I DI A I AIC

Ans. A D D 8 8 A C A A 8 A A D A D

EXERCISE# 2
I 1 3 , 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 11 13 1" 15 16 17 II It 10
CCBCAACAAACACCADBABD
212223241526
CBCABA

EXERCISE# 3
RS. I 2 l 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 IJ 14 15 16 17 18 19 21
DCABBDBCBADDCADBCDCA
21 ll
C 8