PART

A
1.0 Earthworks Planning Criteria

The criteria for the planning of earthworks will be governed by the following considerations:
i) Assessment of the existing site condition on drainage patterns, type of soils, natural
topography, rainfall, existing vegetation and environmental features.
ii) Development of base plan to review the physical conditions of site and adjacent
areas. The site plan shall include topography of site, locations of the discharge
point, area of fill, conceptual temporary drain and sediment basin, existing land
use, slope and existing vegetation (if any).
iii) The procedure to be adopted in the control of earth movement and compaction.
iv) Methods to be adopted for the control of soil erosion and silting of existing
watercourse during earthworks by using sediment basins and earth drain.
v) Runoff management consideration.
vi) Complying with the requirements of the authority.
vii) Losses in soil volume due to shrinkage, compaction, consolidation, settlement and
washout should be considered.

2.0 Earthworks Design Phase

The proposed temporary earth drain and sediment basin are designed in accordance to
“Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia 2nd Edition (Manual Saliran Mesra Alam
Malaysia) chapter 1 to 20” published by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage Malaysia
(DID) (2011). The design principle and criteria for temporary earth drain and sediment basin
are specified as follow:

2.1 Temporary earth drain design principles

The rainfall intensity for the required duration and ARI (Average Return Interval) at the
proposed development is obtained from the IFD (Intensity Duration Frequency) curve for JPS
Kemaman, Terengganu. The earth drain is used during the earthwork only and will be removed
after completion of earthworks activities, thus 2-year ARI is adopted for this drain. Runoff
estimation used to estimate the volume of water to be intercepted by the drains is calculated
based on the Modified form of the Rational Method:

Q = CiA

For a specific return period of T years, Q is the peak discharge in cubic meters per second
(m3/s), i is the average intensity of rainfall in millimetres per hour (mm/hr), A is the catchment
area in m2, C is the runoff coefficient.
The time of concentration is the time required for the water to flow from the most remote point
of the catchment to the point being investigated. For urban stormwater drains, the time of
concentration (tc) consists of the time required for runoff to flow over the ground surface to the
nearest drain (to), and the time of flow in the drain to the point under consideration (t d). This
defined as: tc = to + td. For the sizing of drains based on calculated flows from runoff estimation,
the Manning’s Equation shown below is used: Where,

𝑄 = (𝐴𝑅 2/3 𝑆 1/2 ) Ú 𝑛

Q is the discharge in m3/s n is the Manning’s roughness coefficient

A is the cross sectional area of the flow in m2
R is the hydraulic radius defined as A/P (P is the wetted perimeter)
S is the slope of the channel in m/m

The calculation for temporary earth drain is shown in Appendix 3.

3.0 Earthworks Construction and Related Works

3.1 Estimated Earthwork Quantity

The quantity of fill as shown in the Earth Works Layout Plan P300E-ESCP-1.1 is estimated to
be:

 Amount of fill = 383,920 cubic metres

 Amount of cut = 606 cubic metres

All required additional fill will be imported and transported from the approved borrow site.

3.2 General Construction Conditions

The earthwork shall be carried out in the following manner:
i) Preparation of erosion control plan and management schedule.
ii) Clearing and grubbing for the clearing of the general area (carried out in stages
and keeping uninvolved area undisturbed).
iii) Dump, spread and compact in layers to the required compaction.
iv) Monitor the soil settlement, stability and ground water table.
v) Monitor and check for any environmental pollution.
vi) Turf platform edge toe to avoid erosion.
vii) All contractors will be informed of their responsibilities in minimising the potential
for soil erosion and pollution.
viii) Contractor will ensure all erosion and sediment control works constructed in
accordance with the Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia, 2 nd
Edition (2011)
4.0 Erosion and Sediment Control
Measures to be taken for erosion and sediment control:
i) Turfing – Spot turfing and close turfing are carried out as soon as platform is
completed to avoid erosion to the platform and further loss of soil. The turf will be
watered regularly until an effective cover has properly established are growing
vigorously. Further applications of the turf seeding are required in the areas of
inadequate vegetation establishment.
ii) Earth bund and temporary earth drain– Temporary drains as shown in Appendix 1,
P300E-ESCP-1.1 will be provided along the temporary carriageways, bottom and
top of slopes as well as along the perimeter of the construction site to channel
surface water and avoid overland flow on the surface where excessive loss of soil
and uncontrolled seepage could lead to erosion and the reduction in slope stability.
iii) Sediment basin – For the application of this site, a wet sediment basin will be
constructed to intercept the flow from temporary earth drains and promote
settlement to minimise the introduction of silt to the existing drainage system. One
(1) number of sediment basin will be constructed along the boundary of the site
whereby all temporary drains will be channeled. The sediment basin design is
based on guidelines provided by the ‘Urban Stormwater Management Manual for
Malaysia’ 2nd Edition, published by the Department of Irrigation and Drainage in
2011.
iv) Sediment removed from the sediment basin will be disposed to the approved site.
v) Unprotected areas will be kept moist by sprinkling with water to keep dust under
control.
vi) Stockpiles will not be located within 5m of hazard areas, including driveway or
water ways.
vii) The temporary erosion and sediment control structures will be removed only after
the lands are fully protected and stabilise

5.0 Maintenance Works

i) Assigned a qualified person to oversee the installation and maintenance of all erosion
and sediment control measures on the site. The person is required to carry out site
inspection, self-audit and prepare monthly report to ensure the ESCP is being
implemented properly; repairs are undertaken and able to modify the plan if necessary.
ii) Drainage of site will always be properly maintained.
iii) All spoil or soil should not place closer than 2m from hazard area. If any, it shall be
removed from that area immediately.
iv) Excessive vegetation growth will be controlled through mowing.
v) All erosion and sediment control measures will be kept in good condition until all
earthworks activities are completed and the site stabilised.
vi) Any pollutants removed from sediment basin will be disposed to the approved site and
handle with care.
6.0 Development Schedule and Sequence of Construction

6.1 Project Schedule

The earthwork which involves constructing access road; site clearing; cutting at borrow area;
haul, spread and compaction at filling area will takes about one and a half (1½) month time.

6.2 Construction Sequence

The construction sequence for earthwork shall be as follows:

i) Construct access road at borrow area;
ii) Construct access road to filling area;
iii) Carry out site clearing at fill area to remove trees including stump & roots, bushes,
etc. and dispose at designated area by truck;
iv) Construct temporary drain, ditches, sediment basins etc. to maintain earthwork free
from water ponding and prevent silt and sediment flow to existing water course;
v) Excavation at hilly area by excavator and loaded to dump truck; haul to filling area
and tipping;
vi) At filling area, spread the delivered material using bull dozer and back pusher in
layers and compact by vibrating roller. Compaction test for field density shall be
carry out for each layer of fill for acceptance;
vii) Water truck shall be deployed constantly to spray water to the access road to
prevent excessive dust;
viii) All temporary drain and sediment basin shall be maintained regularly to ensure in
good working condition
 APPENDIX 1
LIST OF DRAWINGS:
1. PELAN KERJA TANAH
2. EARTHWORK SECTION
3. EARTHWORK SCHEDULE
4. ENLARGE PLAN OF SEDIMENT BASIN
5. SEDIMENT BASIN SECTION
6. SEDIMENT BASIN OUTLET
7. LORRY WASH THROUGH
8. TYPICAL EARTHDRAIN AND SEDIMENT FENCE DETAILS
9. KUBLA CUBE 3D VIEW, SIDE SECTION
10. MITS2 3D VIEW, SIDE SECTION
 TAPAK
CADANGAN
PETUNJUK :
FRL
ERL
TAPAK
CADANGAN
T1
 Y:\Staff-library\_New Projects\_Project 2014\1412_(PG)-Dalat School Overall D.T.L\2. C & S\Road & Drainage\3. Approval\JKR\2015-11-17_Comply JKR Comments\IMG.jpg

10.70m
1200

Y:\Staff-library\_New Projects\_Project 2014\1412_(PG)-Dalat School Overall D.T.L\2. C & S\Road & Drainage\3. Approval\JKR\2015-11-17_Comply JKR Comments\IMG_0001.jpg
600

600
300

1000 1000

5.90m
250 3000 300 3000 250

1000
700

R8-125

LOH & LOH ARCHITECTS

DETAILING FOR WASH THROUGH

PLT
JURUTERA PERUNDING / CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS
CONSULTANCY (PG0175795-K)

NO. 5-2-5, HUNZA COMPLEX, JALAN GANGSA, ISLAND PARK, 11600 PENANG. MALAYSIA.
Tel : 04-6585410 , Fax : 04-6580410, email : [email protected]

PROFE
RA SI
TE

ON
U
JU R
AWAM

AL
Z:\Staff-library\_New Projects\_Project 2014\1412_(PG)-Dalat School Overall D.T.L\2. C & S\Road & Drainage\3. Approval\JKR\2015-11-17_Comply JKR Comments\pl sign.jpg

IR. TAN PENG LEAK

12610
.......................................................................
IR. TAN PENG LEAK MA A
B.Eng. (USM) M.I.E.M., P.Eng. (SPAN QP1968) LAYSI
 Y:\Staff-library\_New Projects\_Project 2014\1412_(PG)-Dalat School Overall D.T.L\2. C & S\Road & Drainage\3. Approval\JKR\2015-11-17_Comply JKR Comments\IMG.jpg

BOUL
TAI

DERS
PAN
ISAN
GAR

e
Concret
AI
PANT

BOUL
DERS
AI
PANT
'BEACH

BOUL
COTTAGE'

DERS
G=5.8
PRL.=3.90m
AI G=0.4
PANT TANAH

BOUL
G=0.8

DERS
G=0.9

NTAI
AN PA
GARIS
PRL.=3.90m G=1.
8

PRL.=3.95m G=0.8

AY DORM

IVEW
EX. G
MEETIN
ROOM

PADANG
MM DR
. 6000
P.E.
EX. AGE
STOR

PROP
8
G=0.
1

STOR
0.8 G=1.
NEW
AGE
G= STOR

B
5
G=1.
TANAH
ERL.=11.60m 'GYMNASIUM'
4
G=0.
H
G=3.6
G=1.4 Asam
R ROAD Asam
EX. TA G=0.7
G=3.3
Asam
Pisang
G=1.1
ERL.=11.60m
G=1.7 Y:\Staff-library\_New Projects\_Project 2014\1412_(PG)-Dalat School Overall D.T.L\2. C & S\Road & Drainage\3. Approval\JKR\2015-11-17_Comply JKR Comments\IMG_0001.jpg

G=1.2 MH

B
G=4.9
Ketapang
G=3.1
G=1.5
(2.101Ha) G=0.8
Ketapang
DALAT INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL G=1.7

G=1.9
TL

CLF
G=3.4 BILIK DARJAH

G=0.8
ANJANG
BOLA KER GANG
Ketapang
G=1.8

GANG
GELANG

G=1.1
NANG
'

TENIS
ITORY
DORM RY
Ketapang

GELANG
'JAFF
G=1.8

RE
G=2.6

KOLAM
TG
10069m2 PADANG
TG
HUT
G=2.4
TAPA
KONK K
H RIT TAPAK STOR

UNAN
HUT

PORC
PERMAINAN
G=1.8 KANAK-KANAK

BANG
PORC

NEW MIOREY
SCHODDLE
H

ING'
BUILD OL
Sa
ERL.=1 G=3.gu

'2-ST
1.54m 4 Sagu
ERL.=11.52m EX. TA G=4.
R ROAD 4
G=1.5
PROP
Sagu TG
HOTEL SANDY BAY PARADISE . CARG=2.5 ERL.=1
PASagu
RK 1.68m TG
MH
'2-ST EX. CA
R

A
OR PARK TG
STUD EY TG
CENT ENT
10-12 RE'
G=7.0

POND
OK

SMH
MH
R ROAD .=11.40m

'CHA
ND
PEJABAT MH DORM LER
MH

MH ITOR
Y'
ERL

G=4.5 MH
G=1.4 TG
G=2.5 POND
OK

MH MH
MH
PERPUS
EX. TA

TAKAAN
TG
JA
LA
NT

G=2.4
R BAND

G=2.0

Y'
AR

DORM MEN
ITOR

DRY'
ROOM'

G=2.5
'ECK
'SENIO

'LAUN
BILIK DA
BILIK
DARJAH

RJA
6-7-8 H
3-4-5

G=2.0
ERL.=11.21m

TL
TESEN
SUB-STNB

BILIK DA G=1.9
RJAH NOTE :
MUSIC Y

2-3
TR

Aras bumi adalah berdasarkan dari BM no. P 0476 yang terletak di depan
'ELEMEN
'

Y'

G=1.3 Sekolah Antarabangsa DALAT, Jalan Tanjong Bungah. (RL. 11.847m LSD)
ITOR
DORM MEN

WOR ANCE

G=2.1
P'
'ECK

PAGAR KON
KSHO
EN

PEJALAN KAKI KRIT TEMPAT LETAK KERETA

1

'ELEM
'MAINT

PEJALAN KAKI EN
MUSI TRY
C'
DARI BATU FERRINGHI LOH & LOH ARCHITECTS
CLF
STRY
INDUHOP
ART'
'S

PEMBAHAGIAN JALAN PEJALA G=9.5

N KAKI PAGA
R KO
NK RIT
JALAN
TANJU
NG BU PEJALA

G=2.0 G=1.7
JALAN
TA NJUNG
N GA N KAKI

PEJ
PLT
JURUTERA PERUNDING / CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS
CONSULTANCY (PG0175795-K)

WASH THROUGH LOCATION BUNG

A
PEM
BAHA
ALA
N K
AK I PpBL
NO. 5-2-5, HUNZA COMPLEX, JALAN GANGSA, ISLAND PARK, 11600 PENANG. MALAYSIA.
GIAN Tel : 04-6585410 , Fax : 04-6580410, email : [email protected]
JALA
N PpBL
G=1.8
G=1.8
G=1.4
G=1.7

G=1.7
PROFE
RA SI
KE GEOR
GETOWN TE O

NA
JUR
AWAM

L
Z:\Staff-library\_New Projects\_Project 2014\1412_(PG)-Dalat School Overall D.T.L\2. C & S\Road & Drainage\3. Approval\JKR\2015-11-17_Comply JKR Comments\pl sign.jpg

IR. TAN PENG LEAK

12610
.......................................................................
IR. TAN PENG LEAK MA A
B.Eng. (USM) M.I.E.M., P.Eng. (SPAN QP1968) L AY S I
Figure 1 Layout of Cut section.

Figure 2 Cut Section 1

Figure 3 Cut Section 2

Figure 4 Cut Section 2

Figure 5 Cut Section 1

Figure 6 3D View

Figure 7 3D View
Figure 8 Earthworks Input

Figure 9 Earthworks Input-2

Figure 1 Proposed Level 2D

Figure 2 Proposed Level 3D

Figure 3 Proposed level information
 APPENDIX 2
DESIGN CALCULATION
(CUT AND FILL VOLUME)
Bearing Capacity of Soil

The potential of soil to support loads is known as its bearing capacity, and it can withstand
loads with ease. The gross pressure at the base of the foundation at which soil fails is known as the
ultimate bearing capacity. There are a ton of theories available for calculating bearing capacity.
But Terzaghi's theory of bearing capacity trumps all the other theories. The bearing capacity of the
soil was determined in this project using Terzaghi's bearing capacity theory. Equation below can
be used to determine both the ultimate and allowable bearing capacities:

Qult = 1.3cNc + qNq + 0.4γNγ

Where,
Qult = ultimate bearing capacity c = cohesion of soil
q = soil pressure
γ = unit weight of soil
Nc, Nq, Nγ= Terzaghi’s bearing capacity factors

qall = qult / FOS

Where,
qall = allowable bearing capacity
qult = ultimate bearing capacity
FOS = factor of safety (FOS = 3)
Although there were unsuitable soil data because the lab tests were not conducted, all the
information, parameters, and data about soils were derived from the typical value the typical soil
unit weight, indicated in Table 2.3.

The void ratio and dry unit weight taken using the typical value also by referring to Geotechnical
Engineering book. The values show in Figure 2.4 below.
Furthermore, the bearing capacity factors can be found in Figure 2.5 by assuming that the
friction angle for clay is equal to zero.

The ultimate bearing capacity calculated based on the clay soil which the parameter of clay as
shown in Table 2.6.

c’ 8m
Φ (°) 0
Nc 5.70
Nq 1.00
Nγ 0
Dry unit weight, γdry 16
Saturated unit weight, 19.86 KN/m2
Void ratio, e 0.65
Depth, D 2.55 m
Width, B 2.70 m
Df 4.00 m
CALCULATION BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL

Calculate Bearing Capacity BH 1:

ϒsat = ϒdry + (e / 1 + e) ϒw = 16 + (0.65 / 1 + 0.65) (9.81) = 19.86 kN/m2
ϒ’= ϒsat – ϒw = 19.86 – 9.81 = 10.05 kN/m³
q = ϒ (Df – D) + ϒ’ = 16 (4 – 2.55) + 10.05 (2.55) = 48.43 kN/m³

Qult = 1.3cNc + qNq + 0.4γBNγ

= 1.3(8)(5.7) + (48.43)(1) + 0.4 (16)(2.7)(0)
= 107.71 kN/m²

qall = qult/FOS
= 107.71 /3
= 35.9 kN/m²

Qall = qall x Area

= 35.9 x 4
= 143.6 kN/m
SURVEY PLAN

Based on the survey plan the area of the construction.

CUT AND FILL

All types of material excavation, backfilling, compaction, building embankments, and

slope formation are all included in excavation works. The lines, grades, measurements, forms,
and typical cross section depicted on the designs signify the completion of the earthworks. The
formation level indicates the final earthwork level after cutting and filling.

Since the earth's subsurface is not flat right now, it is necessary to level the site, dig a hole,
and fill in the soil. The technique of moving soil from one place to another to level the ground is
called "cut and fill." Cutting is required to level the ground surface when the existing earth is higher
than the proposed ground level. The earth will then be filled to raise its ground level if the current
ground level is lower than the planned ground level. As a result, the conventional technique
suggested to produce a level or level ground surface is cut and fill.
 The work required to accommodate the building platform cannot be completed by cut and
fill alone. Any movement of the earth disturbs natural compaction, and soil in this condition is
usually referred to as "fluffed" or "aerated." Before using the earth for foundations, it must be
compacted to prevent settling. Proper compaction is essential to prevent sinking earth, which can
lead to disastrous consequences like foundation damage.

In this construction project, the proposal level is 11.50 m which mean the soil level that
above need to cut and below 11.50 m need for backfilling of soil. There are several methods used
for determination on the volume of the cut and fill. For this project, Kubla Cubed are used to
determine the total volume of cut and fill. The advantage of using this software is the basis of the
estimate can be fully summarized on the construction drawing and allow a clearer summary of the
graphical summary is not for estimation. As with the Kubla Cube software, it provides an
approximate data, generate a 3D simulation.

KUBLA CUBED SOFTWARE

Using Kubla Cubed Software to generate the cutting and filling volumes, it ended up with
we only fill due to all elevation points on the construction site is below the proposed level which
is 11.50 m.

The result that we found from the Kubla Cubed software is the fill volume should 196.47
m3, based on the result it appears there is a dark colour , this means there is a area below the
proposed level should cover, it noticed there is a dark red circle it represented a lake that has been
demolished in the site, the simulation results will be listed below:
Figure 2.1: Proposed level 2D

Figure 2.2: Proposed level 3D

Figure 2.3: Proposed level information
GRIDLINE METHOD

The gridline approach involves creating a uniform grid on a plan for the earthwork and
removing current and anticipated ground levels at each grid node. These numbers calculate the
typical cut or fill depth needed for each grid cell, multiply that depth by the cell area and then
calculate the volume needed for each cell. The total cut and fill volumes for the project can be
calculated by adding the volumes for each cell. The suggested average level is subtracted from the
present average cell level to get the cell depth of cut or fill. The resultant depth shows a fill or cut
depending shows a fill or cut depending on whether it is positive or negative.

The benefits of the grid approach include the ability to fully depict the estimated foundation
on the construction drawing and to provide a clearer explanation of the graphical summary. As
with the cross-section approach, the accuracy of the grid method depends on the size of the grid
cell. Nevertheless, applying the grid approach requires a great deal of time and effort.

Figure 2.4: Survey Plan Layout

 Calculation of Cut and Fill

The table shows the calculation of cut and fill of the earthwork. According to the table, the
total fill volume and cut volume required to achieve the proposed platform level of 11.5 m and the
building area are 196.47 m3 fill volume. Since there are only fill volume, there will be required
volume of soil from outside area to fill the site area.

No Exis ng Proposed Level Fill Cut Area Fill volume Cut Volume
Level (m) (m) (m2) (m3) (m3)
1 11.5 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
2 11.4 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
3 11.45 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
4 11.4 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
5 11.25 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
6 11.3 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
7 11.5 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
8 11.42 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
9 11.5 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
10 11.42 11.5 0.53 0.07 1747.8 196.47 5.14
4
 APPENDIX 3
DESIGN CALCULATION
(TEMPORARY EARTH
DRAIN)
 UP SUMP DOWN SUMP GROUND LEVEL,m INVERT LEVEL,m SUMP INVERT LEVEL,m DEPTH,m DRAIN TYPE GRADIENT(1/X) LENGTH,m
1 2 11.5 3.50 3.35 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 34.23
2 3 11.5 3.53 3.22 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 168.24
3 4 11.5 3.53 3.20 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 17.24
4 5 11.5 3.53 3.15 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 14.96
5 6 11.5 3.45 3.10 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 82.40
6 7 11.5 3.40 2.95 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 37.14
7 8 11.5 3.35 2.90 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 76.11
8 9 11.5 3.30 2.85 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 19.64
9 10 11.5 3.25 2.80 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 97.37
10 11 11.5 3.20 2.75 1.135 trapezoid 1/200 7.85

Location ARI,T (year) λ K θ η C n

Klinik Bkt Bendera P Pinang 2 64.504 0.196 0.149 0.723 0.5 0.02755

Rainfall Intensity,i(mm/hr)= 170.0772238

Area of catchment,hectare= 2.1

Peak Discharge,Qpeak= 0.49605857

Up sump Down sump Depth,m Bottom width,b(m) Side Slope,z Top width,B(m) Area,A(m2) Wet Perimeter,P(m) Hydraulic Radius,R(m) Velocity,V(m/s) Discharge,Q(m3/s)
1 2 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
2 3 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
3 4 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
4 5 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
5 6 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
6 7 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
7 8 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
8 9 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
9 10 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!
10 11 1.135 0.5 2 1.25 3.07645 5.575874309 0.551743068 1.729724349 5.321410472 OK!

Up sump Down sump Length t0 td,min Time of concentration,t c,min

1 2 34.23 13.18194328 19.78928031 32.9712236
2 3 168.242 22.41241282 97.26520884 119.6776217
3 4 17.24 10.48792467 9.966906007 20.45483068
4 5 14.964 10.00444587 8.651089413 18.65553529
5 6 82.399 17.66652448 47.63707007 65.30359455
6 7 37.144 13.54586353 21.4739418 35.01980534
7 8 76.114 17.20542168 44.00354314 61.20896482
8 9 19.644 10.95436265 11.35672283 22.31108548
9 10 97.369 18.6774411 56.29162825 74.96906935
10 11 7.849 8.068297722 4.537717242 12.60601496
 From 1-2
1
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 34.23 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 13.18194328 32.9712236
min
td=L/V
34.23/1.729724348
2 19.78928032
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 168.242 m 13.18194328 +19.78928032
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m 32.9712236
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 0.49602

CAprev = 0.00 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
0+1.05
1.05

Qreq = CA * I/360
1.05 * 170.064/360
0.49602

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 2-3
2
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 168.24 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.551750421 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 22.41 119.6740526
22.41 min
td=L/V
168.24/1.729724348
3 97.26405262
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 17.24 m 119.6740526
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.551750421 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 0.99204

CAprev = 1.05 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
1.05+1.05
2.1

Qreq = CA * I/360
2.10 * 170.064/360
0.99204

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 3-4
3
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 17.24 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.551750421 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 =10.48 20.44690601
10.48 min
td=L/V
17.24/1.729724348
4 9.96690601
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 14.96 m 20.44690601
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.551750421 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 1.48806

CAprev = 2.10 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
2.10+1.05
3.15

Qreq = CA * I/360
3.15 * 170.064/360
1.48806

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 4-5
4
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 14.96 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.551750421 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 10.00444587 18.65553529
10.00444587 min
td=L/V
14.964/1.729724348
5 8.651089416
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 82.40 m 18.65553529
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.551750421 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 1.98408

CAprev = 3.15 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
3.15+1.05
4.2

Qreq = CA * I/360
4.2 * 170.064/360
1.98408

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 5-6
5
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 82.4 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 17.66652448 65.3041727
17.66652448 min
td=L/V
82.40/1.729724348
6 47.63764822
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 37.14 m 65.3041727
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 2.4801

CAprev = 4.2 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
4.2+1.05
5.25

Qreq = CA * I/360
5.25 * 170.064/360
2.4801

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 6-7
6
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 37.14 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 13.54586353 35.01749283
13.54586353 min
td=L/V
37.14/1.729724348
7 21.4716293
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 76.11 m 35.01749283
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 2.97612

CAprev =5.25 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
5.25+1.05
6.3

Qreq = CA * I/360
6.3 * 170.064/360
2.97612

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 7-8
7
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 76.11 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 17.20542168 61.20665233
17.20542168 min
td=L/V
76.11/1.729724348
8 44.00123065
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 19.64 m 61.20665233
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 3.47214

CAprev =6.3 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
6.3+1.05
7.35

Qreq = CA * I/360
7.35 * 170.064/360
3.47214

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 8-9
8
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 19.64 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 10.95436265 22.30877298
10.95436265 min
td=L/V
19.64/1.729724348
9 11.35441033
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 97.37 m 22.30877298
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 3.96816

CAprev =7.35 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
7.35+1.05
8.4

Qreq = CA * I/360
8.4 * 170.064/360
3.96816

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 9-10
9
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 97.37 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 18.6774411 74.96964749
18.6774411 min
td=L/V
97.37/1.729724348
10 56.29220639
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 7.85 m 74.96964749
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 4.46418

CAprev =8.4 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
8.4+1.05
9.45

Qreq = CA * I/360
9.45 * 170.064/360
4.46418

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS
 From 10-11
10
Drain Type = Trapezoid Reference calculation output
Gradient Friction slope of Drainage = 1/200 1/200
Drain Length = 7.849 m
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m Frictional slope of Drainage is satisfactory
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 Velocity(V) Formula 1.729724348
1/n*R^(2/3)*s(1/2) m/s
(1/0.0275)*((0.551743068^(2/3))*(1/200)^(1/2))
1.729724348
drainage h = 1.135 The drain velocity is OK
z = 2.0
b= 0.5 Capacity (Q) V*A 5.32141047
5.32141047 m3/s
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135))
3.07645 Time of Concentration t0 = 8.068297722 12.60601497
8.068297722 min
td=L/V
7.85/1.729724348
11 4.537717243
Drain Type = Trapezoid
tc = to + td
Drain Length = 7.85 m 12.60601497
Cross-sectional area of flow (A) = 3.07645 m
Wetted Perimeter = 5.5758 m Rainfall Intensity From table 13.A1, the fitting coefficients for (location), 2Years ARI are: 170.0642402
Hydraulic Radius = 0.55175 λ = 64.504 mm/hr
ĸ = 0.196
θ = 0.149
ƞ = 0.723
drainage h = 1.135
z=2 Rainfall intensity is calculated from empirical Equation 2.2:
b= 0.5 i = λTK /(d + θ)ƞ
64.504 x 2^(0.196)/(0.1667 + 0.149)^(0.723)
Area ((0.5+(1.135*2)*1.135)) 170.0642402
3.07645 170.064 mm/hr

Catchment Area: 2.10ha

Peak Discharge Previous Flow ratio =1.00 4.9602

CAprev =9.45 m3/s
CAcurr = sum(Area * Runoff coefficient)
2.10*0.5
1.05

CA = CAprev + CAcur
9.45+1.05
10.5

Qreq = CA * I/360
10.5 * 170.064/360
4.9602

Qprov =5.3214 m3 /s
Qprov > Qreq, drain dimension is satisfactory
PASS